Side Job Research Articles

예술가들의 직업정체성과 예술노동에 대한 인식에서 세대론 탐구

The purpose of this study is to explore the generational theory of artists' job identity and perception of artistic labor, and 16 artists around the age of 40 (30-59) were interviewed in-depth to interpret their perceptions. As a result of the study, no clear generational theory was confirmed around the age of 40. The same perception without generational differences is first, most of the participants consider the artist job to be an “incomplete” job that cannot be compensated for their livelihood, and hope to become a “full-time Artist” before they die. Second, they pursue the spirit of “spirit of freedom of pure creation” derived from the myth of poor genius artists. On the other hand, the perception of the artist welfare system showed a generation gap in “interest” and “experience” around the age of 44, and “in-generation conflict” before the age of 44 was confirmed in terms of “awareness.” In addition, 'side jobs to maintain artistic creativity' have now been promoted to names such as 'second jobs', and 'main jobs' alongside artist job.

Kebertahanan Angkringan pada Era New Normal di Kelurahan Sentanan, Kota Mojokerto

Angkringan is one of the typical culinary delights of the people who are now increasingly enjoying themselves, including in the New Normal era. This study aims to how does it survive in the New Normal era in Mojokerto City. This study uses the Functionalism theory by Bronislaw Malinowski and the Hierarchy of Human Needs theory by Abraham Maslow that uses a qualitative research method with an ethnographic research model through observation, interviews, and literature studies. The results of the study, it was found that the background of the existence of angkringan started from the economism respons of the Wong Kulonan overseas group who lived in Mojokerto City, the angkringan business in Mojokerto City also were accustomed to opening side jobs. Which then becomes an alternative job, and the needs of the people of Mojokerto City will have a wider public space The survival strategy of angkringan in the New Normal comes from the form of angkringan business that adapts to the New Normal era with simple capital and easy operations, high consumer interest with prices that adjust in the midst of a crisis and public space.

Associations between type of childhood adversities and labour market participation and employment conditions in young adults

BackgroundCumulative exposure to childhood adversity is associated with a variety of labour market outcomes in young adulthood. It remains largely unclear whether the type of adversity matters in this association....

SISTEM INFORMASI LES PRIVAT KOTA KEDIRI BERBASIS ANDROID

Demanding knowledge Made of things that must be and must be implemented for every human being. One example of the demand for science at official official institutions such as in school. Currently there is no science that exist in schools that can improve the quality of students. Some of the learners at school may not be full-fledged. Lessons are taught in schools. For the exams undertaken the learners need to learn by alternative methods outside the school such as learning to learn or private lessons. Not a few individuals who also provide ease in the form of private lessons, in addition to alternative side jobs to help and improve the potential participants better locked in understanding the lessons in school or to face the school exam. The methods used are methods that still use manual methods, and are not effective in finding target participants and also participants who will choose a location close to home. Therefore, this research has resulted in an information application that allows users to access services and services that exist among the participants of the personal service and the learners. For the development of personal information system applications in cities using android systems still need to improve the security system because the system used is still needed and still needed, but also need to develop some features such as giving the rating on tentor, learners comment feature on tentor and validity period for account tentor or want a date or application.

Analysis of the Role and Contribution of Fishermen’s Wives to Family Income in Likupang Barat District, North Minahasa Regency

Jayakarsa Village is a coastal village located in West Likupang District which is one of the tourist destinations in North Sulawesi and even in Indonesia. In this village there are still fishing communities who use the traditional fishing gear jubi or arrows to meet their needs. The aim of the research is to identify and analyze the amount and sources of income of jubi fishermen in Jayakarsa Village, West Likupang District, and analyze the amount and type of expenditure of jubi fishermen in Jayakarsa Village, West Likupang District, as well as analyze the standard of living of jubi fishermen in Jayakarsa Village, West Likupang District. The research location was carried out in Jayakarsa Village, West Likupang District using basic survey methods. The population in this research is jubi fishermen who have families in Jayakarsa Village totaling 30 people. The data collection method uses the census method, namely taking the entire population to be used as respondents. Data consists of primary data and secondary data. Primary data collection was carried out by means of interviews using questionnaires and observations. Collecting secondary data is by quoting data from related agencies or data from previous research results. The data obtained will be processed and analyzed descriptively qualitatively and descriptively quantitatively. Qualitative descriptive analysis is used to provide discussions of qualitative data related to existing theory. The data is analyzed and then interpreted as research results. The research results show that the income of jubi fishermen in Jayakarsa Village comes from their main job as crew members on the Pajeko Ship and side jobs. Jubi fishermen's expenditure consists of total food expenditure plus total non-food expenditure. Analysis of the Engel Index obtained was 65.9%, which means that 65.9% of the total income of jubi fishermen in Jayakarsa Village is used to meet food needs. This means that the level of welfare of jubi fishermen in Jayakarsa Village is still relatively low.

Evaluating Income Distribution of Certified and Non-Certified Coffee Farmers in West Lampung Regency

Income distribution needs greater attention because an uneven distribution of income can leave farmers in a more vulnerable position to the effects of production risk. Many prior studies have focused on the impact of certification on income levels and limited focus on its effect on income distribution. Therefore, this study aims to compare the income distribution of certified and non-certified coffee farmers in West Lampung Regency, which was purposively chosen due to its status as the largest producer of coffee in Lampung Province. Using convenient sampling, 140 coffee farmers were surveyed, consisting of 70 farmers with and 70 without certifications. The data was analysed using the Gini ratio and World Bank’s version analysis. The findings showed that the income distribution for coffee farming and household income distribution was even by Gini ratio approaches. Similarly, with the World Bank’s version, coffee farming and household income distribution are classed as low inequality. In contrast with coffee farming and household income distribution, income outside of coffee farming distribution was unevenly distributed, showing that side jobs have a negative bias toward income distribution. These results suggest that the benefits provided to certified coffee farmers, such as regular training, contributed to coffee farmers’ income equity.

Socio Characteristics of Citronella Farmers in Kedungrandu Village, Banyumas District

Citronella is one of the leading commodities that have competitiveness and high export demand. Citronella is one of the primary ingredients for making essential oils. However, there are not many studies on the individual characteristics of Citronella farmers from a socio-economic point of view. This study aims to understand and analyze the personal characteristics of Citronella farmers in terms of gender, age, last education, farmers’ primary and secondary jobs, experience in farming and cultivation of Citronella, training attended by farmers, and the number of dependents of each farmer’s family. The research method used a survey method with the Simple Random Sampling technique. The data analysis tool used is descriptive statistics analysis. The results showed that the majority of Citronella farmers are male, aged 41-60 years. Most citronella farmers are educated up to elementary school and have their primary job as farm laborers. Citronella farmers mostly have side jobs as farm laborers for other commodities and, on average, have more than 20 years of experience in farming. However, the majority of citronella farmers only have less than three years of experience cultivating citronella.

Public Financial Information Disclosure by the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency (Case Study: Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency of Pekanbaru City)

This study aims to identify and analyze Public Financial Information Disclosure by the Pekanbaru City Financial and Asset Management Agency whose information is incomplete on the official website. The research method used is qualitative with a phenomenological approach and the instruments used are observation, interviews, website tracking, and documentation. The indicators in this study are a combination of several theories, that is theory of democracy, good governance, and information disclosure, which finally obtained research indicators, that is accountability, transparency, communication, resources, leadership, and accessibility. The results of this study, that the disclosure of public financial information conducted by the BPKAD of Pekanbaru City still not implemented properly and also still not informative, presentation of financial data with online media is still used as a side job by employees, which eventually upload documents to be late or past the fiscal year. The problem is the number of employees who are minimal and less competent in their field also affects the implementation of public financial information disclosure by the BPKAD of Pekanbaru City.

THE NON-COMPETE OBLIGATION DURING THE EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIP UNDER THE LABOR CODE NUMBERED 4857

İş ilişkisi devam ederken işçinin rekabet etmeme borcu sadakat borcunun bir görünümüdür. TBK m.396/3’te işçinin rekabet etmeme borcu açıkça düzenlenmiş olmakla birlikte bu borcun kapsamı ve sınırlarının ne olduğu konusunda açık bir ifade bulunmamaktadır. Şu durumda, iş ilişkisi devam ederken işçinin rekabet etmeme borcunun kapsam ve sınırlarının yorum yoluyla tespit edilmesinde Anayasa’ya uygun yorum yönteminin işlevselleştirilmesi isabetli olur. Aynı yorum tarzı rekabet etmeme borcunun sözleşmeyle düzenlenmesi halinde de geçerlidir. Buna göre, bireysel veya toplu iş sözleşmeleriyle işçinin işvereniyle rekabet edemeyeceğinin düzenlenmesi durumunda, bu sözleşmesel kayıtların işçinin sözleşme özgürlüğüne müdahale ettiğinden hareketle, ilgili kayıtların her halde geçerli olacağı düşünülmemelidir. Ayrıca işçinin boş zamanlarında üstlendiği yan uğraşların iş ilişkisine olumsuz etkisi sadakat borcu çerçevesinden değil; daha ziyade iş görme borcunun kötü ifası çerçevesinden ele alınmalıdır. Bu sonuç, işçinin kişilik hakkına, dürüstlük kuralına ve anayasal güvencelere de uygundur. Aynı şekilde, rekabete hazırlık hareketleri de rekabet etmeme borcunun kapsamı dışındadır. Buna göre, faaliyete geçmemiş olmak kaydıyla rakip bir şirket kurulması da dâhil olmak üzere rekabete hazırlık hareketleri rekabet etmeme borcuna aykırı sayılmamalıdır.

Development of Basic Chemistry Teaching Material Chemical Education Based on Entrepreneurship

The current government policy is that scholars do not look for work anymore, but create jobs. Furthermore, the Minister of Education and Culture launched an independent campus policy that carried four policies. The second policy is the right of students to study outside the study program, for example to become entrepreneurs. From the government's policy and the Minister of Education and Culture, entrepreneurship-based basic chemistry teaching materials are needed. The purpose of this research is to develop entrepreneurship-based basic chemistry teaching materials that are feasible theoretically and practically. This teaching material is expected to provide opportunities for students to become entrepreneurs. The development model used is the 4-D model (Four D) developed by Thiagarajan consisting of 4 main stages, namely: Define, Design, Develop and Disseminate. Based on the analysis of student needs, the orientation of the dominant college student is to become an ASN. They are interested in entrepreneurship in the chemical field as a side job. However, they hope that the lecturers in teaching link the course material with the field of business. The teaching materials "Basic Chemistry based on Entrepreneurship" that have been developed obtained a score of 94.8% and 86.6% from material experts and entrepreneurship experts (theoretically). The responses of 2 basic chemistry lecturers were 90.6% and 88%, while the student responses were 93.3% (practically). From the validation data of material experts and entrepreneurship experts, it can be concluded that the teaching materials developed are theoretically feasible. Based on the responses of 2 basic chemistry lecturers and student responses, the teaching materials developed were declared practical

Meningkatkan Keterlibatan Perempuan Dalam Pengembangan UMKM Berbasis Pengetahuan Khas Perempuan Kota Kendari

This study aims to increase Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) involving women with particular knowledge. The population of this study was MSMEs in Kendari city, especially fashions, crafts, and culinary industries. The samples were collected by using the purposive sampling technique. The software used to analyze the data is WarpPLS 5.0. The outcome of this study showed that these female entrepreneurs emphasized the owner’s equity for initial capital. Both married and unmarried female entrepreneurs obtain family support to run their businesses. In addition, the self-independence that these women have is outstanding, particularly toward MSME development, in order that a woman should not rely on someone else to help their family financially and can generate jobs. Furthermore, women’s involvement in MSME development is excellent because women deserve to fully manage finance, do business, and have a side job at the same time.

Characteristics Motorcycle Taxi and the Effect on Farmers

Agricultural products in Sidenreng Rappang, South Sulawesi, Indonesia were abundant, the road infrastructure was not good and the farmers used existing modes of transportation. The purpose of the study is to determine the characteristics of farmers, operators and motorcycle taxis as well as farmer satisfaction. The survey research uses primary data based on interview surveys in May – June 2021. The analysis was a simple regression using the SPSS application. The results showed farmers: 93% male, main occupation 87% farmer, ownership of land area 63% one to above 5 Ha, education level 31% was the diploma, 63% completed junior high school and school upper middle. Operator: 100% male, 99% side job, 100% own vehicle. Income during harvest season, 77% IDR 200,000 – IDR 300,000/day. The results of the analysis of the service quality variable for motorcycle taxis provide a significant level of satisfaction for farmers.

Moonlighting by employees-Is it an organizational problem or is it economic slowdown?

Every organization provides wages to their employees. Besides dearness allowances and housing allowance keeps getting enhanced periodically to help them beat high prices of essential commodities and manage the cost of living. Many organizations also give bonus and many other fringe benefits (transportation housing water and electricity at subsidized rates and also bonus in order to keep their employees happy to let them maintain a decent standard of living. But some of the employees feel that additional expenses such as higher education for their children marriage, and other family expenses mount up unexpectedly and so hence they had to earn extra income to make both ends meet. Thus they engage in side jobs, part time jobs other small businesses or start any small shops etc: simultaneously besides their original jobs which is known as “moonlighting or double jobbing”. In view of the current problem of moonlighting by company employees which has posed a big problem in their productivity in the organization. This issue has been taken seriously by all managements. The place of study is Bangalore urban and rural areas in its surroundings. The research problem has shown that post pandemic in the later part of 2021 rising prices of common goods has irked many people no end. This has made many employees take up side jobs to supplement their income. Mainly this pinch was felt by lower income groups who struggled to make both ends meet and educate their children. But the point is was this risk worth taking? With much management trying to lay off employees on some pretext or the other this part time jobbing was totally under a cloud as there was a shortage of employees to work overtime thereby lynching the main goals of the organization. Moonlighting thus resulted in not making the employees be available for extra work or too tired to work for the parent company. Sample size was 200 and taken from group D employees. Research methodology followed was to use both primary as well as secondary data working in government offices who did part time jobs working as domestic maids job typing in the evenings selling stamp papers outside municipal offices, and running small eatries selling snacks etc. Primary data was collected by mean of questionnaire and interview method. Sampling design was simple random and descriptive analysis was followed. Data was analyzed using simple percentage method. The findings showed that moonlighting was a common phenomena and all managements never tolerated it. Employees found moonlighting were either fired or suspended. Due to high inflation and rising prices taking up part time jobs became almost a necessity today though moonlighting technically was not right.

Nilai Tukar Petani sebagai Indikator Kesejahteraan Petani Kedelai di Kecamatan Pulokulon Kabupaten Grobogan

This study aims to determine the average exchange rate of soybean farmers and determine the factors that affect the exchange rate of soybean farmers in Grobogan Regency. The basic method used in this research is analytical descriptive. The research location was chosen purposively, namely in Pulokulon District, Grobogan Regency. The type of data used in this study is primary data from 50 respondent farmers. Analysis of the data used is multiple linear regression. The results showed that the Farmer's Exchange Rate (NTP) was 115% which indicated that the farmers were in a prosperous condition. All variables studied together have a significant effect on the exchange rate of soybean farmers in Grobogan Regency. The results of the t-test analysis showed that other farm income variables, farmer household food expenditures, non-farm income and non-food expenditures of farmers' households had a significant effect on the soybean farmer's exchange rate, while the variables of farmer age, education, number of farmer family members, and farm income individually does not significantly affect the exchange rate of farmers in Grobogan Regency. From the results of the t-test analysis, the function model of the exchange rate of soybean farmers in Grobogan Regency is Y = 59.418 + 0.381X1 – 2.319X2 + 7.276X3 + 1.077x10-5X4 + 4.498x10-6X5 –3.681 x10-6X6 - 3.656 x10-6X7 - 3,859x10-6X8. Based on the results of the study, suggestions that can be given are that it is necessary to provide counseling regarding increasing the productivity of other farming commodities and being able to maximize the use of the yard to plant vegetables and fruits for household consumption and to use fuel efficiently. Farmers can have a side job outside the agricultural sector such as being a laborer, trader, or other work so as to increase the household income of farmers. The government can provide assistance in the form of capital for farmers both to develop farming and other businesses with the hope that the income obtained by the community will increase so that the welfare of farmers will also increase. In relation to soybean farming, farmers should form partnerships with women farmer groups in selling soybeans.

IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PERSEROAN TERBATAS PERTAMINA HULU ENERGI NSB & NSO DI DESA RAYEUK MEUNYE, KECAMATAN TANAH LUAS, KABUPATEN ACEH UTARA

long-term economic development in order to improve the quantity and quality of life in the society surrounding it. The goal of this research is to describe the execution of PT. Pertamina Hulu Energi NSB & NSO's CSR program in Rayeuk Meunye Village, Tanah Luas District, North Aceh Regency, with the program's target community being the Rayeuk Meunye Village Community. In this study, a descriptive method with a qualitative approach was used, and data was collected through observation, interviews, and recording. The general head of PT. Pertamina, the Head of Public Relations of PT. Pertamina, public relations staff/employees, and the Rayeuk Meunye village community were the ten informants involved for this study. Data analysis technique consisting of three stages: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drafting. The findings of this study reveal that PT. Pertamina Hulu Energi NSB & NSO's CSR initiative in the form of cocoa planting is ineffective since not all community members are targeted. Furthermore, the benefits perceived by the community have not been dispersed equitably because some people do not focus on operating the program. As such, the desired change is discovered, not everyone feels the change with the program since there are still people who do not collaborate in running the program, they set it aside and consider this cocoa cultivation program is a side job.

Predictors of Satisfaction With Work Environment in the Context of a Mismatch in Working Hours: A Nationwide, Large-Scale, Cross-Sectional Study.

This nationwide, large-scale, cross-sectional study has hypothesized that there might be differences in workers’ satisfaction with work environment depending on demographic, socio-economic, and work characteristics in the context of a mismatch between actual and preferred working hours. The current study is a secondary data analysis of the Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey. A total of 29 694 subjects (n = 29 694) were finally included in the current study. Female gender (β = −.372, OR 0.689 [95% CI 0.646-0.736]), age of ≥60 years old (β = .226, OR 1.253 [95% CI 1.089-1.441]), graduation from middle school (β = −.320, OR 0.726 [95% CI 0.616-0.856]), college (β = .492, OR 1.636 [95% CI 1.371-1.952]), or university (β = .826, OR 2.283 [95% CI 1.918-2.718]), fixed period of work (β = −.105, OR 0.901 [95% CI 0.823-0.986]), full-time employment (β = −.105, OR 0.900 [95% CI 0.813-0.996]), the engagement in public sector (β = .544, OR 1.722 [95% CI 1.532-1.935]), private-public partnership organization (β = .605, OR 1.832 [95% CI 1.342-2.500]) or NPO or NGO (β = .780, OR 2.182 [95% CI 1.522-3.127]), regular side job (β = −.929, OR 0.395 [95% CI 0.289-0.539]), or temporary side job (β = −.330, OR 0.719 [95% CI 0.533-0.970]), membership of multiple teams (β = −.501, OR 0.606 [95% CI 0.552-0.666]), labor union (β = .143, OR 1.154 [95% CI 1.047-1.273]), and better health status (β = .977, OR 2.657 [95% CI 1.175-6.007]) were predictors of satisfaction with work environment in the context of a mismatch between actual and desired working hours. Based on the current results, it can be concluded that female gender, age of ≥60 years old, graduation from middle school, college, or university, fixed period of work, full-time employment, the engagement in public sector, private-public partnership organization or NPO or NGO, regular side job or temporary side job, membership of multiple teams, labor union, and better health status were predictors of satisfaction with work environment.

Inovasi Mikrostruktur Produksi Diecast Costum SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Kabupaten Magelang sebagai Penguatan Sumber Daya Manusia

To achieve this, SMKs need to make efforts so that their graduates are able to compete in getting jobs or creating jobs, and are able to compete in employment. With the ability of SMK graduates to create jobs and the ability to compete for jobs, it is expected to reduce the unemployment rate in Indonesia which is still high. This research is a qualitative research where a good research always pays attention to the suitability between the techniques used with the general flow of thought and theoretical ideas. And strengthening human resources by empowering the diecast custom community invites the surrounding community to embrace them by developing their talents and interests and getting side jobs from the daily profession of the community itself. The annual nominal value can be 12,000,000 because of the pre-order (PO) marketing system. And the marketing of die-cast production can be seen from the data that in the MINI SMK Custom Diecast Plan, revenue is taken from the MINI SMK program with a total fixed and variable financing of up to Rp. 30,000,000.00 - while the income earned from the Custom Diecast business is greater than the risks faced by the Production Unit (UP) because the sales system uses a Pre Order (PO) system.

UPAYA PEREMPUAN SINGLE PARENT PADA SEKTOR INFORMAL DALAM PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN KELUARGA

This research is motivated by the high number of single-parent women, 40% of whom work in the informal sector, and the income and expenses of single-parent women are not balanced, thus making women constrained in meeting family needs. This study aims to describe and analyze the efforts of single-parent women in the informal sector in meeting family needs in Nagari Tanjung Beringin, Lubuk Attitude District, and Pasaman Regency. The approach used in this study is a descriptive qualitative approach. Observation, interviews, and documentation studies carried out data collection techniques. The unit of analysis in this study is the individual. The Miles and Huberman model uses the data analysis technique, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. The conclusion from the results of this study is that single-parent women who work in the informal sector to meet the needs of their families make efforts to meet the requirements; namely, single-parent women have side jobs. In contrast, they use family relationships, collect agricultural products such as vegetables, chocolate, corn, and areca nut, borrow funds from formal and non-formal financial institutions, and other single-parent women make savings to meet their needs families.

STRATEGI BERTAHAN HIDUP BURUH NELAYAN TRADISIONAL PADA MUSIM PACEKLIK

This research is motivated by fishing workers whose lives depend directly on marine products. Being a fisherman is very dependent on seasonal natural conditions caused by erratic weather. This famine occurs for six months of the year, from October to March, which makes fishermen unable to carry out normal fishing activities. This condition makes it difficult for fishermen to meet their daily needs. Departing from the research objective, namely the survival strategy of traditional fishing workers in the famine season. The approach used in this research is qualitative with descriptive research type, with 12 informants taken by purposive sampling. Data collection techniques used include observation, interviews, and document studies. The data analysis technique used is the Miles and Huberman model, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Based on the results of the study, there are several survival strategies for fishermen workers in the famine season, namely: 1). take advantage of assistance from the government, 2) involve family members where fishermen are assisted by their wives, children and wife's sisters, 3) borrow and use savings, 4) look for side jobs, namely being housemaids, odd jobs, bringing gambir sap to the people's rice fields and become farm laborers.

ANCAMAN KEPUNAHAN DAN STRATEGI PEMERTAHANAN TRADISI SINRILI DI MASYARAKAT MAKASSAR

<p>This study aims to determine the factors causing the threat of extinction and the strategy of maintaining the sinrili tradition in the Makassar community. This study is based on library research with a descriptive approach. The results of this research reveal that the factors that cause the threat of extinction of the sinrili tradition in the Makassar community are:(1) Work as a singer is not considered as a main profession in Makassar, and is only seen as a side job. (2) The development of modern music which is more attractive to the younger generation poses a challenge to this tradition. (3) The quantity of sinrili in Makassar has deteriorated because the three sinrili maestros have died. There are five strategies for maintaining the sinrili tradition in the Makassar community, namely (1) the provision of a forum by the Government, in this case, the Office of Culture to form a sinrili community (2) developing the interest of the younger generations by holding cultural festivals and having sinrili competitions (3) teaching the sinrili tradition through art circles or clubs (4) documenting the sinrili oral literature, and (5) including the sinrili tradition in the teaching materials of local content subjects of Makassar regional culture. From the results of this research, it can be concluded that currently the process of regenerating singers is still going on through the process of legacy and learning, but at present, there is only one person who is good at singing and performing sinrili, namely Arif Rahman Daeng Rate. Thus, the condition of the sinrili tradition requires serious attention from all parties so that this tradition will remain sustainable and not go into extinction.</p>