Siberian Species Research Articles

Resettlement of Eurytemora velox (Crustacea: Copepoda) in Europe, the Urals and Western Siberia

The recent distribution of the Ponto-Caspian calanoid copepod, Eurytemora velox, in Western and Eastern Europe has been well-documented; however, there are no studies on the genetic diversity of the recently discovered Western Siberian species population. To contribute towards filling this gap, genetic diversity and distribution were investigated for E. velox collected in the Urals and Western Siberia of the Russian Federation to compare with the European populations. In this study, 44 specimens were dissected for the morphological studies, and 22 specimens of E. velox from different geographical points were analyzed for mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (CO1), nuclear ITS1-ITS2 (nITS) and nuclear ribosomal RNA (18SrRNA) gene fragments. Analysis of the CO1 gene region showed that the studied populations from the Urals and Western Siberia differ significantly from European ones and represent a separate genetic line. However, the nuclear nITS and 18SrRNA genes, as well as the results of morphological analysis, did not show such isolation of the Trans-Ural populations from those in Europe. As in many studies on E. velox, we found atypical structural features of the fifth prosomal leg among females in the Ob Bay. Their share was 36% of the number of studied individuals. The CO1 shows that the divergence of genetic lines occurred approximately in the Middle Pleistocene, and the species itself is Paleogene–Neogene by origin. Based on these data, a different scenario of E. velox distribution or possible refuge survival is discussed.

Fauna and biotopic distribution of Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) in the Shaitan-Tau State Nature Reserve, Russia

Research on taxonomically diverse groups of insects are an important component of studying biodiversity in Protected Areas of various ranks. Based on the results of original studies (2017–2020), this paper presents for the first time data on the Chrysomelidae family and its species composition in the Shaitan-Tau State Nature Reserve, Russia. The study area is located in the south of the forest-steppe zone of the low mountains of the Southern Urals in the Orenburg Region, Russia. Currently, this Chrysomelidae fauna is one of the most studied ones in Protected Areas of the Southern Urals. In the study area, 180 Chrysomelidae species have been registered, which is 51% of the Chrysomelidae family in the Orenburg Region. In addition, 86 recorded species were found for the first time in the Shaitan-Tau State Nature Reserve, including eight species recorded for the first time in the Orenburg Region. A new species of the genus Altica was discovered in the study area. In terms of the level of species richness, the Chrysomelidae family of the Shaitan-Tau Nature Reserve is comparable with or noticeably richer than other local faunas of the Protected Areas of the Southern Urals. At the same time, this Chrysomelidae fauna has fewer species than of other state nature reserves and national parks in the forest-steppe zone of the Volga Upland. Features of the zoogeographical structure of the Chrysomelidae family in the Shaitan-Tau State Nature Reserve include quite a high number of West-Palaearctic species (23 species; 12.8%), many of which are located there on the eastern limit of their natural ranges, and a low proportion of Central Palaearctic species (3.9%). At the same time, two Siberian species were discovered (Labidostomis sibirica and Gonioctena flavicornis), which are located on relict island sites of their ranges in the Urals. These findings noticably distinguish the studied fauna from the Chrysomelidae of the steppe Protected Areas in the south of the Orenburg Region, where a considerable proportion are representatives of the Kazakh-Turanian genesis. The studied Chrysomelidae fauna is characterised by a set of rich groups of steppe, meadow-steppe, nemoral and, to a lesser extent, boreal forms (a large part of which are located on the lomits of their ranges in the study area), as well as a pronounced spatial mosaic of biotopic complexes (e.g. forest, steppe, floodplains). In general, the data presented in this study objectively characterise the Chrysomelidae fauna of the Shaitan-Tau State Nature Reserve as a reference for the Ural oak forest-steppe ecosystem, which emphasises its important role for the conservation of natural complexes, as well as the knowledge of the current state and historical stages of the formation of biota of the western macroslope of the South Urals.

Siberian species on the steppe stations of the northwestern exclave of the meadow steppe

Climate warming has revived interest in the problem of species migration, changing vegetation boundaries. “Oka flora” in the Prioksko-Terrasny Nature Reserve is an isolated fragment of steppe communities in the zone of coniferous-deciduous forests. Its peculiarity is the significant participation of Siberian and Caucasian species. According to the results of long-term observations (25 years), the participation of Siberian species in steppe test sites was evaluated. In the steppe communities of the reserve, a relic floristic core is isolated, which includes species of glacial time (Carex obtusata, Draba sibirica, etc.) and species of warm Atlantic Time (Melica picta). The main part species in steppe test sites are typical steppe or meadow-steppe species, identical to the zonal meadow steppes. Modern research is devoted to identifying the features of biotopes of steppe communities. It has been established that steppe biotopes are the driest and warmest in the reserve. In recent years, there has been an expansion of the area of dense-grain cereals. Observations suggest that the ecosystem is capable of holding a pool of many species for a long time, although not all species manifest themselves in conditions of changing climatic trends. Herbaceous vegetation, depending on the hydrothermal conditions of the upper soil horizons, is the most mobile.

Analysis of the flora of woody plants in the Reserve Park of the Siberian Botanical Garden of TSU

The article presents the results of the analysis of the flora of woody plants in the Reserve Park of the Siberian Botanical Garden of Tomsk State University. In the course of this study, taxonomic, geographical, ecological and biomorphological analyzes of the tree assortment of the park were carried out. The list of flora of the Reserve Park includes 126 species of woody plants belonging to 27 families and 57 genera. The largest families in terms of number of species are Rosaceae (26 %) and Salicaceae (11 %). In the park, angiosperms significantly predominate over gymnosperms. The most represented are species with East Asian (33.3 %), Eurasian (26.2 %) and North American (13.5 %) ranges. There are few Central Asian species (2.4 %). Introduced tree species (68 %) prevail over local Siberian species (32 %). Mesophytes account for a significant part of the park’s woody vegetation (64 %), hydromesophytes (32 %) and xeromesophytes (4 %) are less numerous. Woody plants of the park are mainly shade-tolerant (55 %) or light-loving (44 %). The park is dominated by upstanding shrubs (60 %), forest type trees account for 20 % of the total number of species, most of them are deciduous species. Upstanding shrubs with an East Asian habitat are included in the most numerous group of woody plants (22 % of the total number of species).

A note on Scutellaria sieversii (Lamiaceae)

As a result of field research on the territory of Siberia and East Kazakhstan, viewing the collections stored in the Herbariums LE, MW, NSK, NS, TK, ALTB, MIM, as well as placed in the international JSTOR database, acquaintance with the protologue and type specimens, it was shown that the indication of the species Scutellaria sieversii from the section Lupulinaria for the flora of Siberia and Mongolia is erroneous. The species is found within the steppe zone, as well as in the northern part of the desert zone of East Kazakhstan. The discussion considers the morphological and ecological features of Siberian species from the section Lupulinaria and East Kazakhstan species S. krylovii, S. alberti, S. soongorica, closely related to S. sieversii. The most important diagnostic features in the differentiation of species are lifeform, the color of the corolla, the shape and pubescence of the leaf blade, and the pubescence of the erems. The diagnostic features of the species are given in the table and figures. The analysis of all characters showed that the accessions of Scutellaria sp. collected in Khakassia and previously referred to S. sieversii in literary sources should be attributed to S. supina s. l. For all studied species, information is provided on type specimens, ecological features, and general area.

The First Record of the Siberian Species <i>Leptodiaptomus</i> cf. <i>angustilobus</i> (Copepoda: Calanoida) in Europe

The Siberian species, identified as Leptodiaptomus cf. angustilobus (Sars G.O., 1898), was found for the first time in Europe (Russia, Nizhny Novgorod Region, mouth region of the Kerzhenets River (Middle Volga), 56°6′5″ N, 44°57′28″ E). A brief morphology description with illustrations of the species is presented. Differences between females from the Nizhny Novgorod Region and Siberia in the morphometry of abdominal somites, antennules, and the fifth legs are shown. We also obtained data on abundance of L. cf. angustilobus in the plankton community of the mouth area of the Kerzhenets River and described habitat conditions of new for this region species of Diaptomidae.

Catalogue of brown lacewings specimens (Neuroptera, Hemerobiidae, Wesmaelius) deposited in the State Museum of Natural History NASU, Lviv, Ukraine

Brown lacewings (Hemerobiidae) are a family of insects belonging to the order Neuroptera. Hemerobiidae is a family of Neuropteran insects, commonly known as brown lacewings, comprising approximately 500 species across 28 genera. While some genera, such as Hemerobius, Micromus, Sympherobius, and Wesmaelius, are widely distributed, most are confined to a specific biogeographical region. Like chrysopids, hemerobiids are predators, feeding primarily on aphids both as larvae and adults (Aspöcket al., 2016). The genus Wesmaelius is widely distributed in Asia, Africa, Europe, and North America and has a diversity of species in the temperate regions of North America and Eurasia. Presently, about sixty-five species are recorded in the world (Aspöck et al., 1980; Makarkin, 1986, 1996; Klimaszewski, Kevan, 1987), with ten specie srecorded from Ukraine (Zakharenko, 1997, Serediuk, 2016). Twenty-nine specimens of Wesmaelius, belonging to three species, are stored in the main collection of the museum. All of them were collected and identified by Józef Dziędzielewicz at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century. Wesmaelius (Wesmaelius) concinnus (Stephens, 1836) is a transpalaearctic species. It has been recorded in Ukraine in the central part of the mixed forest zone and in the Carpathians (Ivano-Frankivska and Zakarpatska oblasts). The SMNH collection contains 11 specimens of W. concinnus. Six of them were collected in Lviv in June 1903 in Briukhovychi – four specimens, and one specimen without a specified collection date. One specimen was collected on June 17th in the village of Velykyi Liubin and another on June 19th in Kryvchytsi, in Lvivska oblast. Additionally, there are three W. concinnus specimens collected on June 15th and 17th (year not specified) in Lubaczów, Poland. Wesmaelius (Kimminsia) nervosus (Fabricius, 1793) is a European-West Siberian species. In Ukraine, it is only found in the Carpathian Mountains. Six specimens of W. nervosus are stored in the collection of the SMNH. Four of them were collected in Lviv in May, the year of which is unknown. The fifth specimen was collected on August 3, 1908 near the town of Vorokhta in Ivano-Frankivska oblast. There is no information about the place and date of collection for one more specimen. Wesmaelius (Wesmaelius) quadrifasciatus (Reuter, 1894) is a transpalaearctic species. In Ukraine, it is only known from the Carpathians (Lvivska, Ivano-Frankivska, and Zakarpatska oblasts). The SMNH collection contains 13 specimens of W. quadrifasciatus. Four of them were collected in Lviv (Vulka, Zubra, Stryiskyi park) in May and June 1904-1905 and 1910. Another specimen was collected in Rava-Ruska, Lvivska oblast July 18th, and the year of discovery is unknown. Six specimens were collected in the Ivano-Frankivska oblast. In 1908, two specimens were collected on June 17th in the vicinity of Vorokhta, and another specimen was collected on June 20th of the same year on Mount Rebrovachka. In 1905, one specimen was collected on June 29th in the vicinity of the village Tatariv, and another specimen was collected on July 2nd of the same year in the vicinity of the village of Yablunytsia. Also, there is one specimen in the collection collected in the slope of Mount Khomiak near the village Tatariv on June 12th, 1909. In addition, two specimens of W. quadrifasciatus are from Poland – one collected on July 7th, 1905 in Jasień, and another collected on July 27th, 1909 in the vicinity of Zawoja (Babia Góra Mount).

The Curious Case of Fritillaria sonnikovae (Liliaceae) in South Siberia: New Insights into Its Origin and Phylogeny

Fritillaria Tourn. ex L. is a genus of Liliaceae including a little more than 150 species occurring in the temperate Holarctic. Fritillaria sonnikovae Shaulo & Erst is the most recently described Siberian species in the genus. In the affinity section of the F. sonnikovae diagnosis, only F. dagana Turcz. and F. roylei Hook. are mentioned. Our study is an original attempt to shed light on the F. sonnikovae origin and its evolutionary relationships with other Fritillaria using nuclear (ITS) and plastid (matK + rps16 + trnH-psbA) DNA markers. Our results showed that F. sonnikovae together with F. dagana and F. maximowiczii Freyn belongs to the North Asian lineage of the Liliorhiza subgenus and produced no evidence supporting relationship between F. sonnikovae and F. roylei. Monophyly of Fritillaria sonnikovae was not reliably confirmed in our study since its close affinity with F. maximowiczii was demonstrated by phylogenetic analysis and morphology. Fritillaria dagana was shown to be a sister to the F. maximowiczii + F. sonnikovae group. Most authors of the present study suggest considering F. sonnikovae as a synonym for F. maximowiczii. In this view, F. sonnikovae may be considered a narrow endemic and one of the light-perianth morphs of F. maximowiczii, which has emerged in the Western Sayan and remained there as a tertiary relict.

Фауна и сообщества донных беспозвоночных ручьёв и родников Айтуарской степи (Оренбургский государственный степной заповедник)

The benthic (invertebrate) community of streams and springs in the Aytuar steppe includes 49 taxon. Chironomids are the most diverse (11). Mayflies (10), caddisflies (7) and stoneflies (5) are rich in species. Among other invertebrates, non-chironomid dipterans (8), mollusks (3), oligochaetes (1), amphipods (1), alder flies (1), bugs (1) and beetles (1) were recorded. The specificity of the fauna is determined by the presence of the genetically Siberian species M. borealis. Its negative feature is the absence of such wide-spread European taxa as the caddisflies of the genera Beraea, Crunoecia, and Parachiona, as well as genetically Siberian elements, the mollusks Parasphaerium rectidens (Starobogatov et Streletzkaja, 1967), stoneflies Arcynopteryx compacta (McLachlan, 1872), and Nemoura arctica Esben-Petersen, 1910, may-flies Cinygma lyriformis (McDunnough, 1924) and Ephemerella aurivillii Bengtsson, 1908, caddisflies Asynarchus lapponicus Zetterstedt, 1840 and Apatania stigmatella (Zetterstedt, 1840), common in the northern regions of the Urals and Cis-Urals. Were identified groups of invertebrates that are characteristic of both spring-fed water bodies and elements of the benthic fauna of warm-water streams. Five types of zoobenthocenoses were identified in streams. The zoobenthocenosis of cobbled (boulder-pebble) substra-tum is the most typical. Its abundance is 7.19 thousand ind./m2 with a biomass of 17.75 g/m2. The second type is the sand-gravel and pebble zoobenthocenoses (20.28 thousand ind./m2 with a biomass of 27.48 g/m2). Zoobentocenoses of boulder substratum with moss fouling, sandy substratum and silts are less widespread. Two types of zoobenthocenoses are found in springs. A community with the abundance and biomass of 6.8 thousand ind./m2 and 10.88 g/m2 respectively develops on boulder-pebble substratum, and on sandy substratum with coarse CPOM a community with a moderate level of development (number 3.80 thousand ind./m2 with a biomass of 6.44 g/m2) is observed.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF MEAT OF DIFFERENT GENOTYPES OF STURGEON IN INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION

The paper presents results of studies of nutritional and biological value of sturgeon of different genotypes. Experimental studies were carried out at OOO "Mulinskiy fish farm" of Nizhny Novgorod region in 2021. The object of the study was sturgeon of various genotypes (Russian sturgeon, Siberian sturgeon, hybrids of Russian sturgeon with Siberian and hybrids of Siberian sturgeon with Russian species). Chemical composition of fish meat in industrial production (percentage of moisture, protein, fat and ash) was determined. It was established that the hybrids of Russian sturgeon with Siberian species have the highest parametres of commercial (61.1 cm) and total length (76.2 cm), according to the size and mass characteristics of sturgeon at the age of two years, and the hybrids of Siberian sturgeon with Russian exceeded all other groups in terms of total body weight (2173 g), therefore, heterotic effect appeared, i.e. the ability of hybrids of the first generation to surpass parental forms in viability, fertility and other characteristics. It was shown that under the same conditions of keeping and feeding of sturgeons of different genotypes, pure species of Russian sturgeon occupy a predominant position in terms of protein and fat content - 26.43% and 8.18%, respectively. As for moisture and ash content, hybrids of Russian with Siberian - 73.77 and 0.61% and Siberian with Russian - 72.6 and 0.66% are ahead of their peers. Conclusions are drawn about the quality of meat and its value in nutritional aspect. Statistical processing of data from scientific and economic studies was carried out according to generally accepted formulae of variation statistics using Microsoft Excel programs.

Genotyping-by-Sequencing Analysis Shows That Siberian Lindens Are Nested within Tilia cordata Mill

Tilia sibirica and T. nasczokinii are considered to be endemic Siberian linden species. They have very small distributions located hundreds to thousands of kilometers away from other lindens. It is unclear how closely these species are related to the widespread Tilia cordata: according to the current hypotheses, they could be pre-Pleistocene relicts or remnants of the recent continuous range of T. cordata that existed during the Holocene climatic optimum. Earlier studies detected significant differences between T. sibirica, T. nasczokinii, and T. cordata in microsatellite loci, but not in plastid sequences. Here we performed a phylogenetic analysis of several linden species based on GBS data. The obtained GBS sequences were assembled to create phylogenetic trees based on 16,000–294,000 variable sites. We found that T. cordata and the two putative Siberian species formed a monophyletic group. It consisted of three clades: the basal clade containing specimens from the Caucasus, and two sister clades representing populations from the East European Plains+the Urals and Siberia, respectively. Neither of the Siberian species was related to the Far Eastern T. amurensis, as was hypothesized earlier. Our study suggests that the colonization of Europe and Siberia after the Last Glacial Maximum occurred from different glacial refugia.

Polygonum subaphyllum Sumnev. – a new species in the flora of Russia

Polygonum subaphyllum is reported here as a new species for the flora of Russia based on collections from several Siberian regions (Novosibirsk Region, Altai Territory, Trans-Baikal Territory and Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)) revealed among the materials of NS and KRAS. In Siberia, Polygonum subaphyllum grows in solonetzic steppes, on sands, on agricultural fields and along the roads. It belongs to Polygonum sect. Polygonum subsect. Patula (Polygonaceae). The key for identification of Siberian species of subsection Patula (P. subaphyllum, P. novoascanicum and P. patulum) is given.

The equids from Liventsovka and other localities of the Khaprovskii Faunal Complex, Russia: A revision

The age and homogeneity of the Khaprovskii Faunal Complex have been a matter of debate for a long time. This works provides the most complete information (photographs and numerical data) ever published on the equid remains of this Complex. Evidence is given for the presence of no less than three, possibly six taxa of Equids. Most fossils are referred to Equus (Allohippus) aff. major and to Equus (Allohippus) livenzovensis, both redefined on the basis of correlations between cranial and metapodial dimensions. Comparisons with Chinese fossils bring evidence for their age approximating 2.5 Ma. A third very large species is represented by a few teeth and metapodials which may have been intrusive. It is referred to E. (Sussemionus) aff. verae because of similarities with the NE Siberian species believed to be about 1myr old. Accumulation of fossils during a long period is probably responsible for the large intraspecific variation observed in E. (A.) major and E. (A.) livenzovensis and for the occurrence of several other equid forms. Possible intrusions may also explain the abnormal number of observed taxa. Resemblances with Chinese and NE Siberian fossils indicate Asian influences on the composition of the Khaprovskii Faunal Complex.

Biodiversity of the Ingoda River ecosystem

The results of a study of the biodiversity of hydrobionts in the Ingoda River are presented. In phytoplankton sixty six taxa of algae with a rank below the genus have been identified. The zooplankton contains 21 species. The species composition of the macrophytobenthos includes 5 taxa. In the flora of hydrophytes, 15 plant species have been identified. The zoobenthos contains 40 species. Our researches have been showed that widespread species prevail in the flora and fauna of hydrobionts in the Ingoda River. Two alien species (Elodea canadensis and Gmelinoides fasciatus) have been recorded in the Kenon Lake. A very rare East Siberian species of mayfly Acanthametropus nikolskyi has been recorded in the Ingoda River zoobenthos.

The Long-Term Monitoring of Bird Populations on Kolguev Island in the Barents Sea

Kolguev Island (69˚05′ N 49˚15′ E) is located in the Pechora Sea, the southeastern part of the Barents Sea. The island’s ecosystem is unusual due to the total absence of rodents and specialized predators such as weasels, while non-specialized predators such as Arctic (Vulpes lagopus) and red (V. vulpes) foxes and Rough-legged Hawk (Buteo lagopus) are common. Currently, 111 bird species have been registered here, of which 58 are nesting. The absence of rodents and the relatively stable predation pressure have resulted in the high abundance of many bird species: Willow Ptarmigan (Lagopus lagopus), several goose species, some waders, and passerines. Over the 125-year history of ornithological studies on Kolguev, the island avifauna has changed significantly. The trend of an increase in the proportion of widespread and Siberian species together with a decrease in the proportion of Arctic species was observed. Since 2006, a thorough monitoring of Kolguev avifauna has been carried out, during which the dynamics of the bird population densities have been traced. The abundance of Black-bellied Plover (Pluvialis squatarola) and Dunlin (Calidris alpina) decreased, while the numbers of Barnacle Goose (Branta leucopsis) have increased sharply since the 1980s. The breeding density of Rough-legged Hawk has also increased in recent years. The long-term monitoring of Kolguev ecosystems has indicated the high international conservation value of the island due to the high breeding density of many bird species. Our study, covering more than a century of avifaunal studies with almost annual monitoring over the past three decades, provides an unusually long and detailed time-series for an Arctic island.

Wormwoods (Artemisia L.) of Southern Siberia

The article presents the data on the species composition and geographical distribution of the genus Artemisia L. in Southern Siberia, which were revealed in the process of studying the literature, critical revision of the P. N. Krylov Herbarium, Tomsk State University (TK), as well as field research by the authors in Gorny Altai, Khakassia, Sayan,Tuva. Several species from this territory are questionable in a taxonomic review (Artemisia viridis Willd., A. sacrorumLedeb., A. marschalliana Spreng. and species of the subgenus Seriphidium (Besser ex Less.) Fourr.). It was determined thaton the territory of Southern Siberia there are 88 species of wormwood belonging to 3 subgenera (Artemisia Less., Dracunculus Besser, Seriphidium (Besser ex Less.) Fourr.), 7 sections and 20 subsections. A chorological analysis was carried out,during which 36 endemic taxa were identified on the territory of Southern Siberia. The authors also identified a separategroup of South Siberian endemics, including narrowly endemic, subendemic taxa and South Siberian species that have anarea of distribution from Altai to Northern Mongolia.

Karyological studies of Siberian species of the genus Viola L.

The article presents an analysis of chromosome numbers in Siberian species of the genus Viola (40 speciesfrom 12 sections) based on numerous literary sources and original data. In addition, hybrid forms from the collection site“Rare and endangered Plant Species” of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden (Novosibirsk) were analyzed. Just as theroots of germinated seeds, so the roots of adult plants from an open ground area were studied. Samples of different originswere investigated: Siberia, the Far East, Mongolia, Belarus, Korea, Japan, the Caucasus, in some taxa from remote points ofthe area (for example, V. selkirkii). This allowed us to reveal the variability of the chromosome numbers for some species.Chromosomes in species of this genus are small, 0.8–1.2 mkm long. This involves difficulties to count them. The presenceof mixoploids in some sections and the polybasic state of chromosome numbers for a number of species were established.Polymorphic species in the Violidum section are characterized by polyploid races. The variability of chromosome numbersin taxa reflects their ability to hybridize, as well as the processes of speciation. However, the predominance of autogamy formost species of the genus prevents intensive hybridization. Endemic and tertiary relicts are characterized by a stable number of chromosomes and they are tetraploids.

СОСУДИСТЫЕ РАСТЕНИЯ ДОЛИН РЕК КЕМА И УНЖА (ВОЛОГОДСКАЯ ОБЛАСТЬ)

The work is devoted to the analysis of the flora of vascular plants in the valleys of the Kema and Unzha Rivers (the Volga basin), as one of the areas of the Vologda Region lacking botanical studies. In July 2005, the area from Borok of Nikolskiy District to Kunozh of Babushkinskiy District, with a total length of about 130 km, was surveyed using the route-key method. On this area, in the valley-river complexes, 454 species of higher vascular plants belonging to 255 genera and 84 families were recorded, including 371 species in the Kema River valley and 388 species in the Unzha River valley. The article contains an annotated list of flora; for rare and attention-grabbing species, complete label data are provided. The studied flora has a typical boreal character with significant participation of southern (nemoral, nemoral-boreal) and Siberian species. In the valleys of these rivers, a total of 70 species included in the second edition of the Red Data Book of Vologda Region have been identified. These species (listed according to their conservation status) were as follows: Endangered (EN): Epipogium aphyllum; Vulnerable (VU): Carex atherodes, Cinna latifolia; Near Threatened (NT): Brachypodium pinnatum, Cacalia hastata, Cenolophium denudatum, Chimaphila umbellata, Cotoneaster melanocarpus, Dactylorhiza baltica, Diplazium sibiricum, Glyceria lithuanica, Lathyrus pisiformis, Pyrola chlorantha, Stellaria hebecalyx, Viola collina, V. hirta; Least Concern (LC): Abies sibirica, Carex rhizina, Conioselinum tataricum, Dactylorhiza traunsteineri s.str., Delphinium elatum s.str., Goodyera repens, Huperzia selago, Ligularia sibirica, Malaxis monophyllos, Ophioglossum vulgatum, Trisetum sibiricum, Ulmus glabra, U. laevis; Data Deficient (DD): Campanula cervicaria, Rubus caesius, and also 39 species of “biological control” category. The paper presents data on the flora of “Gladkiy Bor” and “Unzhenskiy Les” landscape reserves. Within the boundaries of these specially protected natural areas, populations of 53 species officially recognised as rare species in the Region were identified (10 protected species and 15 species of biological control in “Gladkiy Bor” and 19 and 24, respectively, in “Unzhenskiy Les” landscape reserve).

An attack of Ips amitinus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) on arboretum in West Siberia: New host of invasive bark beetle among exotic conifers

Abstract Invasive populations of small spruce bark beetle Ips amitinus were first registered in 2019 in the southeast of Western Siberia. In natural stands of Siberian pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour), several hundred hectares of outbreak foci of the alien bark beetle were identified. In 2020, a local focus of the bark beetle was found in the conifer collection in the arboretum “Kedr” of the Institute of Monitoring Climatic and Ecological Systems SB RAS, 30 km from Tomsk. The bark beetle caused the main damage to the collection of pines. I. amitinus colonized both host plants Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and mountain pine (Pinus mugo Turra), which were previously known to it in the native range in Europe, and the local Siberian species Siberian pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour), Siberian spruce (Picea obovata Ledeb.) and introduced Far Eastern Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc.). Demographic characteristics of I. amitinus studied on damaged trees indicate its high reproduction potential in Siberia. The bark beetle outbreak focus was suppressed; however, this plantation requires further annual monitoring of pest abundance and distribution, both to preserve the scientific dendroecological field station and to study the implementation of sential plant conception in relation to the invasion of I. amitinus.

Microevolutionary relationships between biotypes of Elymus confusus, E. peschkovae, and E. sibiricus (Poaceae) according to hybridization and sequencing of the nuclear gene GBSS1 (waxy)

According to descriptions, the Siberian species E. peschkovae and E. confusus differ in the presence or absence of trichomes on lemma and rachilla surfaces only. Two methods were used for study microevolutionary relationships between these species: hybridization of biotypes from different locations and analysis of nucleotide sequences of the low-copy nuclear gene GBSS1. Created and grown hybrids in combinations AMU-8804 × BER-0807 and AMU-8804 × BUK-1109 showed complete seed sterility in two field vegetations. Taking into account wide species areas, 3 hybrids were created between Magadan biotypes from a common habitat in the combination E. confusus MOL1887 × E. peschkovae MOL-1882. The plants showed seed fertility (SF) of 0–3 %. This result does not obscure the possibility to assess SF in the F2 generation and the character of inheritance of diagnostic traits. A comparative study of the GBSS1 gene sequences in accessions was carried out in comparison with clones of reference species. Differentiation of clones by the St2 subgenome in E. confusus, E. peschkovae, E. sibiricus and E. caninus did not reveal a clear relationships between the species. Meanwhile, a certain species specificity for the H1 subgenome was noted, confirming the existence of microevolutionary isolation of these species.