Short Pedicels Research Articles

A new species of the genus Portulaca L. (Portulacaceae) from the Eastern Ghats, India

Portulaca laljii (Portulacaceae), a new species from the Eastern Ghats (Prakasam District, Andhra Pradesh), India, is described and illustrated along with conservation status. Perennial prostrate-decumbent much branched herb with tuberous fleshy roots, glabrous, stem without scaly bark, nodal axils without hairs, lanate nature of narrowly lanceolate, flat leaves, glabrous, leaf axis without hairs, solitary, bracteate flowers with very short pedicel and 2–3 bracteoles, petals with emarginate, sometimes mucronate apex, pistil with trifid style, prolate-shaped capsule, bilobular to subglobular, conspicuously beaked seeds without golden luster and with slightly elongated seed testa distinguishes it from all previously known species. A key to the species of Portulaca from India is also provided.

<p><strong>Taxonomy and phylogeny of <em>Muyocopron thailandica</em> sp. nov.</strong></p>

A new fungus, Muyocopron thailandica, collected from a dead plant sample in northern Thailand, is described and compared with other described species of Muyocopron. Multi-gene phylogenetic analyses based on LSU and ITS sequence data indicated that M. thailandica forms a distinct lineage within the genus Muyocopron, and is closely related to M. castanopsis and M. lithocarpi. Muyocopron thailandica differs from these two species in having ellipsoid to subcylindrical asci, with a very short and thin pedicel and oval to obovoid ascospores. Asci and ascospores of M. thailandica are larger than those of M. castanopsis and M. lithocarpi. Morphological description and a detailed illustration of the new species are provided.

A new genus of Bambusicolaceae (Pleosporales) on Corylus avellana (Fagales) from Italy.

BackgroundIn this study, we introduce Corylicola gen. nov. in the family of Bambusicolaceae (Pleosporales), to accommodate Corylicola italica sp. nov. The new species was isolated from dead branches of Corylus avellana (common hazel) in Italy. The discovery of this new genus with both sexual and asexual characters will contribute to expand the knowledge and taxonomic framework of Bambusicolaceae.New informationCorylicola gen. nov. has similar morphological characters compared to other genera of Bambusicolaceae. These are solitary, scattered, globose to subglobose and ostiolate ascomata; anastomosing and branching pseudoparaphyses; cylindrical asci with a well-developed ocular chamber and short furcate pedicel; and single-septate ascospores. The coelomycetous asexual morph of Corylicola has holoblastic, phialidic conidiogenous cells and light brown conidia analogous to other members in the family. Corylicola differs from the other genera of Bambusicolaceae in having yellowish-brown ascospore masses at the top of the ascomatal neck. Detailed morphological illustrations with comprehensive descriptions for the new taxa are provided, as well as a key to the genera of Bambusicolaceae. Maximum Likelihood analysis and Bayesian Inference of a combined SSU, LSU, ITS, RPB2 and TEF1 sequence dataset confirms the placement of this genus as a distinct lineage in Bambusicolaceae.

Maesa brevipedicellata (Primulaceae), a new species from Papua New Guinea

Maesa brevipedicellata, a new species of Maesa ( Primulaceae-Maesoideae) from Papua New Guinea, is described and illustrated based on herbarium specimen observations. The collections of this species resemble M. rufovillosa and were previously determined as that species. Maesa brevipedicellata is unique with its self- supporting habit, hispid hairs throughout and paniculate inflorescences with very short pedicels. This new species mainly differs from M. rufovillosa by the habit (tree/shrub in M. brevipedicellata vs climber in M. rufovillosa) and the inflorescence structure (panicles in M. brevipedicellata vs simple racemes in M. rufovillosa).

Нова знахідка Vaucheria aversa Hass. (Ochrophyta, Xanthophyceae) в Україні

Vaucheria aversa (Xanthophyta) was recorded for the first time in Ukraine in Sula River, Hydrological Reserve «Artopolot», Poltava Region. It was found in benthos in spring (May 2020) in silty-sandy soil in shallow water. The material was collected and processed according to a common methodology. Sterile samples before the appearance of the gametengians were kept in natural water in petri dishes in well-lit places. This method of «coarse culture», in most cases, allowed to get gametangia within two weeks. The species identification was done with fertile filaments only. 4% formaldehyde solution was used for material fixation. Taxonomic identification of samples was done using a comparative and morphological methods, which includes analysis of morphological variability and verification of the consistency of the studied material with the diagnosis. Thalli of V. aversa are direct, branched, bisexual, 80–90 μm wide. Antheridia are cylindrical, tubular shape, pressed to the filament or slightly raised above it, 119–130 × 41–43 μm. Oogonia erect, sessile, ovoid to subspherical, sometimes placed in pairs, with a curved beak at the front, 190–230 × 140–163 μm. According to morphological characteristics this species is similar to another one from section Tubligerae Walz – V. fontinalis (Linnaeus) T.A. Christensen. Their distinctive and common features are as follows. Filaments of V. fontinalis are narrower (up to 75 μm) than V. aversa (up to 131 μm). Both species are characterized by oogonia grouped together in a row. Antheridia present in quantity 1 or 2 on both sides of oogonia. But the species are very different in size and shape of oogonia: in V. aversa they are sessile, located one at a time or less often two, extended near the base, sharply narrowed at the apex. The beak is directed straight or obliquely up, bent to the side of the oogonia body. In V. fontinalis oogonia are placed in one row, most often in the amount of 1-6, the beak tapers gradually. Anteridia are cylindrical, on short pedicel. V. aversa grew as a part of polyspecies complex of green algae together with representatives of such genera as Cladophora Kützing, Spirogyra Link and Mougeotia C. Agardh. V. aversa is widely distributed in continental water bodies of Europe, Asia and North America, Australia and New Zealand, but is firstly recorded in Ukraine.

Pachyphytum huastecanum (Crassulaceae), a New Species from the Huasteca Canyon, Nuevo León, Mexico

Pachyphytum huastecanum is described as a new species discovered in the Cañón de la Huasteca in the Sierra Madre Oriental in the Mexican state of Nuevo León. This species is placed in section Diotostemon, where it is morphologically related to Pachyphytum hookeri, from which it differs by its shorter stems, compact rosettes, flat, olive-green colored leaves, shorter pedicels, its campanulate flowers and obovate petals. Additionally, two DNA diagnostic nucleotides were found at the ITS2 nuclear genome region which differentiate the new species from other 19 Pachyphytum species.

Discovery of Aconitum haridasanii (Ranunculaceae), a new species from Arunachal Pradesh, India

Aconitum haridasanii, a new species from Tawang, India, is described and illustrated. This new species differs from its allied species Aconitum spicatum in having a taller and flexuous stem, pale yellow to whitish flowers in a shorter few-flowered inflorescence, densely pubescent shorter pedicels, bract shorter than pedicel, shorter sepals, longer petals, and only 3 carpels. Threat assessment was undertaken for the species following IUCN criteria (IUCN 2017 version 13) and the species was classified as Critically Endangered.

Increasing the known floristic diversity of Brazilian inselbergs: two new species of Mandevilla (Apocynaceae) from Espírito Santo

ABSTRACT Two new species of Mandevilla endemic to inselbergs of the state of Espirito Santo, Brazil, are described. Mandevilla alata resembles M. callista but differs by having winged stems, shorter petioles, shorter pedicels, and a white corolla with a red throat. Mandevilla ibitubana resembles M. grazielae but differs by having short-petiolate leaves, a white corolla, and shorter anthers. Illustrations, a distribution map, conservation assessments and a key to species of Mandevilla growing on inselbergs in Espirito Santo are included.

Drymaria veliziae (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from the Andes of Cajamarca (North Peru).

A new species from the Northern Peruvian Andes (Cajamarca department), Drymaria veliziaesp. nov., is proposed in the present paper. It grows in the high-elevation montane grasslands and it is morphologically similar to D. auriculipetala from which it differs in having elliptic-ovate leaves, blade margin bases glandular, large number of stipules arranged in a pedicel form at the leaf axis and by the short and glandular pedicels. A detailed description, original photographs and a location map are provided, as well as an updated diagnostic key of Drymaria Ser. Frutescens. The IUCN status of the new species is assessed as Endangered (EN).

The fungus Pestalotiopsis sp., isolated from Perna perna (Bivalvia:Mytilidae) cultured on marine farms in Southeastern Brazil and destined for human consumption

The Pestalotiopsis sp. genus comprises filamentous fungi whose species present both pathogenic and clinical-industrial importance. The cultivation and production of bivalve molluscs in regions of Rio de Janeiro is lucrative both artisanally and industrially, as the climate, geography and water quality favor the practice of this activity throughout the year at reduced costs, making the region competitive in the national market. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify filamentous fungi associated with the internal tissue anatomy of bivalve molluscs (Perna perna) from mariculture farms. Samples collected from BEMAR marine farms were dissected and transferred to 1% hypochlorite, washed in sterile distilled water and sown on Petri dishes containing potato dextrose agar (BDA). After four days, a white colony, displaying vigorous mycelium, cotton-like with abundant sporulation and black conidia masses was isolated. Observations concerning vegetative and reproductive structures were performed by microcultures stained with Amann's Lactophenol andCotton Blue. Micromorphology analyses indicated spindle and septated conidia, with two to three apical filiform appendages and a short basal pedicel. The result indicates that bivalve mollusks may be bioindicators for the presence of Pestalotiopsis sp; associated with water transport, possibly due to diluted sediments in the medium. No infectious processes or lesions in the processed material were observed. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first report of Pestalotiopsis sp; in Perna perna mytilids.

<p><strong><em>Pedicularis khoiyangii</em></strong><strong> (Orobanchaceae), a new species from the Eastern Himalaya, India</strong></p>

Pedicularis khoiyangii D.Borah & R.Kr.Singh, is described as a new species from the Eastern Himalaya, India. The new species belongs to Pedicularis series Rudes Prain and is closely related to P. prainiana Maximowicz, but differs by its larger size, longer inflorescence, distal bracts ovate, shorter pedicels, smaller calyx, densely silky villous nature, calyx teeth shorter with entire margins, equal, smaller corolla tube, shortly beaked galea, tip slightly emarginate, labium as long as galea, lobes unequal, stamens inserted at the base of corolla tube, style projecting out of the galea. This is the tallest species of Pedicularis recorded so far from India.

Morphological and molecular intervention in identifying Phytophthora spp. causing leaf and nut fall in nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.)

Nutmeg, a major crop of India provides two important spices. During the monsoon season of 2011, a serious leaf and nut fall occurred in nutmeg plantations and Phytophthora ramorum was reported as the causal organism. P. ramorum being an alien species, the aetiology warranted a detailed investigation. Phytophthora isolated from different endemic locations were studied for morphological and molecular characterization using ITS, ITS-RFLP, MLST, SSCP and hybrid analysis. The isolates showed papillate, ovoid-obovoid sporangia with pedicel length > 20 μm which is distinct from the semi-papillate, caducous sporangia with short pedicel of <5 μm characteristic of P ramorum. The isolates failed to grow at 10 °C or at 37 °C and chlamydopsores were not produced in culture, a characteristic distinct to P. ramorun. MLST analysis placed the isolates in Clade 2 while P. ramorum belongs to Clade 8. P. ramorum has a unique set of morphological characteristics and a unique molecular sequence at the ITS region which delineate it from other Phytopthora species. Among the eight isolates studied, ITS region of six isolates (13–01–13-06) showed similarity to P. meadii and two isolates (13–55 and 98–68) to P. tropicalis. In SSCP, the isolates formed a separate group distinct from P.meadii of cocoa and cardamom. The double peaks in the ITS chromatograms indicated hybridity and further hybrid analysis placed them under P. citrophthora and P. meadii (Cit-Med) lineage. Thus due to the distinct differences from P. ramorum and evidences of shared lineage with P. citrophthora and P. meadii, we propose to call these isolates as P. citromeadii (13–01- 13-06) and P. citrocaptalis (13–55 and 98–68).

Additions to Chaetothyriaceae (Chaetothyriales): Longihyalospora gen. nov. and Ceramothyrium longivolcaniforme, a new host record from decaying leaves of Ficus ampelas.

A novel ascomycete genus, Longihyalospora, occurring on leaf litter of Ficus ampelas in Dahu Forest Area in Chiayi, Taiwan is described and illustrated. Longihyalospora is characterized by dark mycelium covering the upper leaf surface, elongate mycelial pellicle with ring of setae, pale brown to brown peridium, broadly obovoid, short pedicellate asci and hyaline, fusiform, elongated (tapering ends) and multi-septate ascospores with a thin mucilaginous sheath. Phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, LSU and SSU sequence data revealed Longihyalospora as a distinct genus within the Chaetothyriaceae with high bootstrap support. Moreover, based on morphological similarities, Chaetothyrium vermisporum transferred to the new genus. In addition, Ceramothyrium longivolcaniforme is reported for the first time on Ficus ampelas. Newly added species are compared with other similar species and comprehensive descriptions and micrographs are provided.

Molecular data reveals a new holomorphic marine fungus, Halobyssothecium estuariae, and the asexual morph of Keissleriella phragmiticola

ABSTRACT This study introduces a novel holomorphic marine fungal species, Halobyssothecium estuariae (Lentitheciaceae, Pleosporales), from dead Phragmites communis. The new species has semi-immersed, subglobose or ellipsoidal, papillate, conical ascomata, clavate to subcylindrical, short pedicellate asci and 3-septate, fusoid to ellipsoidal ascospores with rounded ends, pale brown to dark brown central cells and hyaline end cells. The asexual morph has multiseptate, filiform, intercalary, catenate, branched chlamydospores that resemble Xylomyces. The asexual morph of Keissleriella phragmiticola based on combined LSU, SSU, ITS and TEF1 sequence analyses is reported. The role of molecular identification in delineating cryptic species are also discussed.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Derbesia maxima sp. nov. (Bryopsidales, Chlorophyta) from Korea based on morphological and molecular data

A green alga was collected from Daejin, located on the eastern coast of Korea. It shows a typical siphonous thallus structure composed of erect and prostrate filaments like other Derbesia sporophytes and is characterized by a relatively large sporophytic thallus (6–8 cm) without calcified attachment disk, irregularly or subdichotomously branched filaments with a basal septum and 1(2) pyrenoid per ovoid to lenticular, occasionally irregular chloroplast. Sporangia have an obovoid or pyriform shape with a short pedicel and septum at the base. Vesicular gametophytes are spherical or ovoid, with short anchoring stalk and rhizoids. A heteromorphic life history alternating between sporophytic filaments and gametophytic Halicystis stage was observed. In a phylogenetic tree based on rbcL sequence, the Korean entity nests in a sister clade to several species groups including the type Derbesia marina, and of these species, D. fastigiata is closest to the Korean alga with a genetic divergence of 3.1%. However, it is distinguished from the Korean species by the size of sporophytic thalli, branching pattern, basal constriction of laterals, and shape of sporangia. The other species forming the sister clade are also distinguished from the Korean entity by general morphological features of sporophytes and gametophytes. The specific distinction of the Korean alga from those species is supported by its genetic divergence, which is considered to be involved in the inter-specific range for the genus based on the previous data. Accordingly, Derbesia maxima sp. nov. is proposed for this siphonous green alga from Korea.

Биологические особенности некоторых сортов рода &lt;i&gt;Atragene&lt;/i&gt; L. в Южно-Уральском ботаническом саду

Представлены результаты многолетнего интродукционного изучения 3 сортов рода Atragene L. (Lagoon, Pruinina, Rosy O’Grandy), перспективных для вертикального озеленения. Они отличаются высокой декоративностью благодаря разнообразной гамме окраски цветков, раннему, обильному и продолжительному цветению. Исследованы сезонный ритм роста и развития, морфометрические параметры. Дана оценка перспективности интродукции. Исследование проведено на коллекционном участке древовидных лиан в условиях Башкирского Предуралья (северная лесостепь). Изученные сорта княжика в условиях культуры полностью проходят все стадии жизненного цикла. Это длительно вегетирующие весенне-летне-осенне-зеленые растения с периодом зимнего покоя и весенним сроком пробуждения. По срокам цветения относятся к группе поздне-весенне-ранне-летнецветущих растений, по продолжительности цветения — к группе долгоцветущих (около месяца). Самым высокорослым растением является княжик сорта Rosy O’Grandy. Самые крупные цветки на короткой цветоножке — у Pruinina, но у него отсутствуют внутренние чашелистики, в отличие от 2 других сортов. Также этот сорт княжика отличается самыми крупными листьями. Наибольшим числом цветков на растении отличается сорт Lagoon. Культура этого рода является очень перспективной для вертикального озеленения садов и парков Уфы, других населенных пунктов Южного Урала и средней полосы России.

Two new species of Microlicia D.Don (Melastomataceae) from campos rupestres in eastern Brazil

Two new species of Microlicia (Melastomataceae) endemic to campos rupestres in Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais, Brazil, are described, illustrated and compared with their putative relatives. Microlicia rugosa sp. nov. is similar to M. minutiflora and M. martiana by having fastigiate branches, ascending, lanceolate or oblanceolate leaves with obtuse apex, attenuate base and entire margin, flower with short pedicels (1−2 mm long), magenta petals, and dimorphic stamens. Microlicia rugosa is further characterized by wrinkled surface of hypanthium and sepals, and both leaf surfaces with distinct depressions, which sometimes contain short‐stalked glandular trichomes. Microlicia viscida sp. nov. is similar to M. martiana, M. furnensis and M. rugosa mainly by having fastigiate branches, terete stems without leaves at the base and the bark gradually peeling to reveal the underlying brownish wood and leaves with similar size and shape. Microlicia viscida is characterized by a conspicuous secretion covering branches, leaves, hypanthium and sepals, giving a smooth and bright appearance. The leaf anatomy of both new species is briefly described. Microlicia rugosa and M. viscida are assessed as ‘Endangered’ and ‘Critically Endangered’ respectively, due to its limited extent of occurrence and area of occupancy, according to the IUCN categories and criteria.

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Two new species of Peruvian Amaryllidaceae, an expanded concept of the genus &lt;em&gt;Paramongaia&lt;/em&gt;, and taxonomic notes in &lt;em&gt;Stenomesson&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

A new species of Paramongaia, P. multiflora, and of Rauhia, R. albescens, are described from Peru. We also present an updated parsimony analysis of aligned ITS sequences across the tetraploid Andean clade of Amaryllidaceae subfam. Amaryllidoideae that places both the new species and the only other species known of Paramongaia into a clade within the tribe Clinantheae with three erstwhile species of Clinanthus. We propose an expanded concept of the genus Paramongaia, conserved over Callithauma, for all five species, provide a neotype for Paramongaia viridiflora, and make the necessary combinations in the genus. Paramongaia is morphologically delimited from Clinanthus by the erect, uniformly glaucous leaves, the fusion of the spathe bracts on one side or proximally, the short pedicels, and the insertion of the free filaments below the rim of the staminal corona. A key to the species of Paramongaia is provided. We additionally present some taxonomic notes for the genus Stenomesson.

First report of Brachysporium britannicum (Trichosphaeriaceae) from India

Brachysporium britannicum (Trichosphaeriales) was discovered on leaf litter from the Ramgarh forest, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India. B. britannicum was found on decaying leaf litter of Quercus floribunda. Morphologically, it lines well with Brachysporium. The conidia are produced singly or in groups at the apex of the conidiophore, typically pendulous, ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid, predominantly two-septate (transverse), broadly rounded at ends; basal cell small, crucible-shaped, hyaline with short or small pedicel; gently expanded conspicuous central cell, disc-shaped, brown to very dark brown, occasionally subhyaline, and hyaline terminal cell are the hallmark feature of the fungus. This rare species is recorded for the first time from India. Detailed taxonomic information on this Brachysporium species includes descriptions, geographical distribution, comments and illustrations, and a comparison with closely allied taxa.

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Five new species of &lt;em&gt;Rhodocodon &lt;/em&gt;(Asparagaceae, Scilloideae) from Madagascar&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

As part of a taxonomic revision of Rhodocodon, five new species are here described based on distinct syndromes of morphological characters and biogeographical patterns. Rhodocodon petrae resembles R. calcicola but differs in flower morphology and leaf size. Rhodocodon viridans is related to R. intermedius but differs in its proliferous bulb, synanthous leaves, green flowers and long style. Rhodocodon rubescens shows affinities to R. rotundus and R. campanulatus in general appearance but the former shows a different vegetative habit, thicker peduncle, shorter pedicels and larger flowers. Rhodocodon perrieri and R. siederi are related to R. mascarenensis but the two new species differ by the number and morphology of leaves, and flower morphology. A complete morphological description for all new species is provided, including data on biology, ecology and distribution. Furthermore, an identification key for all currently known Rhodocodon species is presented to facilitate future taxonomic work in this genus.