Shortage Of Raw Materials Research Articles

Sectoral impact of COVID-19 on micro enterprises with special reference to Kerala

The aftershocks of the novel corona virus had shut down several sectors in the global economy. Due to challenges like raw material shortage, lack of demand, high turnover, delay in bill payments and orders caused by the lockdown restrictions, the micro enterprises were seriously affected the most. On the basis of the background, the present study deals with sectoral impact of Covid crisis on the micro enterprises. Challenges with respect to production, employment, finance and sales are discussed in the paper. Business like Kudumbashrees, handicraft, handloom and dairy farm, covering the whole Kerala with 14 districts, are considered to be more vulnerable to the negative shocks and are hence taken onto the study to identify the kind of factors that led to the hampering of the business. One of the major objectives of this study is to identify and analyse the challenges faced by the micro enterprises during Covid-19. The study also needs to understand the coping mechanisms adopted by these micro-enterprises during the crises. Primary data collection, via questionnaires and telephonic interview, is taken for the study where in 80 is chosen as the sample size.

Impact of COVID-19 on Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises

The COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted global business operations. Most importantly, practitioners of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have been facing devastating economic shocks emanated from the COVID-19 pandemic. The purposes of this study are to explore the business status of SMEs, business sustenance period, types of problems faced by the practitioners and impact on production volume, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. For these purposes, primary survey data from 284 SMEs in Bangladesh are collected in this study. The survey data are descriptively analyzed using appropriate graphs. This study finds that SMEs are facing several problems such as demand fall (92.96%), cancellation of orders (85.56%), liquidity crisis (74.30%), delayed transportation (72.53%), unsecured working environment (68.31%), raw material shortage (63.73%) and employees’ absenteeism (62.67%). The SMEs face beyond 40% decrease in production volume against the pre-pandemic year. Furthermore, this study formulates several strategic measures, which will certainly guide policymakers and practitioners to combat the COVID-19 economic shocks for the SMEs and also for other industries.

The modern phase of the polysilicon market

The current condition and outlooks of the world semiconductor and polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) markets have been analyzed. A long period of low PS prices which hindered the growth of investments into the industry has now changed for price recovery to an investment attractive level. Demand and offer balance for the period until 2024 and for the long term has been analyzed, and the main currently used PS processes have been reviewed. The current poly-Si market proficiency is expected to remain in the near and medium terms. However the “green turn” of the energy industry announced by all the governments, the development of local markets and the price recovery to an investment attractive level have promoted the development of new PS fab projects. Of special importance for Russia is the choice of Siemens trichlorosilane process parameters. A specific feature of the Russian market is the presence of several very important fields (solar energy, microelectronics, high-power electronics, photonics and fiber optics) which are small by international standards and equally face raw material shortage. It appears that Russia will greatly benefit from integral projects delivering solutions of multiple raw materials supply problems.

Bioleaching and Selective Precipitation for Metal Recovery from Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag

Decreasing ore grades and an increasing consumption of metals has led to a shortage of important primary raw materials. Therefore, the urban mining of different deposits and anthropogenic stocks is of increasing interest. Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag is produced in huge quantities with the so-called Linz-Donawitz process and contains up to 5.2, 0.9, 0.1, and 0.07% of Mn, Al, Cr, and V, respectively. In the present study, sulfur-oxidizing Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans and iron- and sulfur-oxidizing Acidithiobacillus ferridurans were applied in batch and stirred tank experiments to investigate the biological extraction of metals from BOF slag. In the batch experiments, up to 96.6, 52.8, 41.6, and 29.3% of Cr, Al, Mn, and V, respectively, were recovered. The stirred tank experiments, with increasing slag concentrations from 10 to 75 g/L, resulted in higher extraction efficiencies for A. ferridurans and lower acid consumption. Selective metal precipitation was performed at pH values ranging between 2.5 and 5.0 to study the recovery of Mn, Al, Cr, and V from the biolixiviant. Selective precipitation of V and Cr was achieved at pH 4.0 from A. thiooxidans biolixiviant, while Fe and V could be selectively recovered from A. ferridurans biolixiviant at pH 3.0. This work revealed the potential of BOF slag as an artificial ore for urban mining and demonstrated that combining bioleaching and selective precipitation is an effective method for sustainable metal recovery.

Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Dengan Metode Analisis SWOT Pada Home Industri Wen-Dang Jahe Di Kabupaten Kukar

The study aims as a consideration for a strategy that matches application with mingidentify internal factor and externally at Home Industrial Wen-Dang in Kukar district. Ingathering primary data is conduction through deep interviews of informants, and the informants in the study are business owners, sellers and consumers while the skunders are gathered throught library studies, journal-journal research and general images of objeck research, a vision and mission of a company acquired directly from wenker home industrie’s. The method used is a descriptive method of paster-qualitative. Results derived from this research a workable home strategy Wen-Dang ginger Industry in kukar district maintains its trademark produk flavor and improved product quality in order to increase market demand and expand consignment sales. The internal factor is strength of Wen-Dang ginger has P-IRT clearance, Wen-dang ginger has halal MUI, Have good quality (both taste and packaging), Wen-Dang ginger products in kukar county are worth up to 6 months, reasonable price. Weaknesses of Home industry marketing Wen-Dang ginger in kukar district is just offline, just having one type product, has no target of production, has no target sale, managed with only family members. The exsternal factor is Opportunity of user the internet as a promotional medium, public trust in the product, have regular customers, provide convenience for consumers, people’s lifestyles consume natural product as the main choice. Threat of unstable raw material prices, there is a shortage of raw material, many substitute products with various variants, there are other products that are cheaper, emergence of new competitors.

Analisis Pengendalian Persediaan Bahan Baku Songkok ZNR dengan Menggunakan Metode Material Requirement Planning (MRP)

Background - This research is a case study research on the supply of raw material for ZNR skullcap which has advantages and disadvantages when product demand increases. Objective - The objectives of this study were to analyze how the implementation of raw material inventory control carried out by the company to determine the number of orders and the right time to place an order for raw materials so as to minimize the total costs incurred by the company by using the Material Requirement Planning (MRP) method. Design/Methodology/Approach - This research uses descriptive quantitative approach and MRP method with Lot Sizing, namely Lot for Lot (LFL), Part Period Balancing (PPB), and Wagner Whitin Algorithm (AWW). Findings - Using Lot Sizing PPB has the smallest inventory cost of Rp 229.820.- compared to LFL and AWW calculations. Research implications - In an effort to control raw material inventories related to costs, companies need to consider in terms of planning raw material requirements. Ensure the quantity to be produced in the next period based on the master production schedule so that the amount of raw material purchases can be ascertained so as not to experience overstock and raw material shortages. Research limitations – The PPB method will be difficult to use if the cost of storage is greater than the cost of ordering so it is difficult to determine the value of the Economic Part Period (EPP).

The Impact of Materials Management on Profitability of Manufacturing Companies in Ethiopia: The Case of Walia Steel Industry PLC

Recently, in the dramatically growing digital world, the management of materials plays a critical role in the profitability of manufacturing companies. This study focuses on the impact of materials management on profitability of manufacturing companies in Ethiopia with a particular reference to Walia Steel Industry PLC. The main objective of the study is to detect the problems of materials management that can result in achieving organizational profitability if corrected properly. Relevant data was gathered through self-administered structured questionnaires and open-ended questions and analysis was made based on primary data generated via five point Likert scale using SPSS version 23. A cross-sectional data model was used in the study. The study adopted both explanatory and descriptive research designs in integration with commonly used mixed research methods. Validity and reliability of the study was also tested using SPSS V-23. The findings revealed that there was positive and significant association between effective materials management dimensions and firm’s profitability which was supported by interdepartmental collaboration among materials related departments such as inventory, procurement and storage managements. The main problems faced in materials management of the selected steel industry includes the shortage of raw materials due to foreign currency problem and COVID-19 pandemic, shortage of skilled personnel, unsteady power supply, weak materials management practices due to weak interdepartmental coordination of the firm. The role and benefits of materials management dimensions should be examined and outlined for further investigation. Recommendations were made for the focal firm to make the materials management system to be computerized, to arrange training programs, to hire skilled personnel and to arrange employee’s motivation system. Recommendations also made for the government to provide adequate infrastructures such as available domestic raw materials, steady power supply, and sufficient water supply and so on to assist manufacturing firms. Keywords: Materials Management, Procurement Management, Inventory Management, Storage Management, Interdepartmental Collaboration, Organizational Profitability

OPTIMIZATION OF PRODUCTION AND BENEFITS OF USING LINEAR PROGRAMMING IN THE LINGGARJATI FURNITURE BUSINESS

Massive exploitation of natural forests and concentration in the plywood industry until the late 1980s caused Indonesia to currently experience a shortage of raw materials for the secondary (meuble) industry. Especially for teak, currently many furniture industries depend on the supply of sawn wood from the surrounding community forests. This study intends to determine the level of furniture production from PT. Linggarjati which relies on the sawn timber industry from the surrounding community forests in order to generate optimum profits. The secondary data used in this study were obtained from the company with interviews for data clarification which include, the production process, raw materials, supporting materials and implementation time related to each type of furniture produced. The analysis method uses Linear Programming with the help of ExcelQM software for Mac version 5.3. The constraint function used is teak wood raw material, various supporting materials for making furniture and labor hours. The results showed that only some types of furniture can be produced to provide optimal profit for Linggarjati furniture, among others; 3 three-door cabinets, 4 table sets with 6 chairs and 10 beds measuring 180 x 200 cm. From the combination of these products, it can produce an optimal profit of Rp. 33,518,275,- The results of this analysis show that the three types of furniture alone can provide a greater profit of 78.5% compared to producing and selling the 11 types of furniture that currently exist, the profit is only Rp. 18,776,693,- or with a difference of Rp. 14,741,582,-

Thermodynamic Rarity Assessment of Mobile Phone PCBs: A Physical Criticality Indicator in Times of Shortage

Rising prices in energy, raw materials, and shortages of critical raw materials (CRMs) for renewable energies or electric vehicles are jeopardizing the transition to a low-carbon economy. Therefore, managing scarce resources must be a priority for governments. To that end, appropriate indicators that can identify the criticality of raw materials and products is key. Thermodynamic rarity (TR) is an exergy-based indicator that measures the scarcity of elements in the earth’s crust and the energy intensity to extract and refine them. This paper uses TR to study 70 Mobile Phone (MP) Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) samples. Results show that an average MP PCB has a TR of 88 MJ per unit, indicating their intensive use of valuable materials. Every year the embedded TR increases by 36,250 GWh worldwide -similar to the electricity consumed by Denmark in 2019- due to annual production of MP. Pd, Ta and Au embedded in MP PCBs worldwide between 2007 and 2021 contribute to 90% of the overall TR, which account for 75, 600 and 250 tones, respectively, and increasing by 11% annually. This, coupled with the short lifespan of MP, makes PCBs an important potential source of secondary resources.

Analysis Of Stock Control Of Raw Materials Of Dzohir Noodles In Bengkulu

This study aims to analyze the stock inventory control of Mie Dzohir's raw materials in Bengkulu. The analytical method used is Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), Reorder Point (ROP), Total Inventory Cost (TIC) and Safety Stock (SS). The results showed that to meet the raw material needs of 91,375 kg during the research period, from January 2020 to December 2020 (12 months), the number of economical purchases/EOQ of wheat flour raw materials that had to be made by the Mie Dzohir factory in Bengkulu was as much as 5,372 kg for each order with a purchase frequency of 17 times for a period from January 2020 to December 2020. Reorders or reorder points (ROP) can also be determined, namely reordering should be done when 345 kg of inventory is in warehouse, with a lead time of 1 days so as not to hamper the company's production process. The total inventory cost (TIC) can also be determined, namely the total cost of raw material inventory of Rp. 3.572.188, - therefore, it can save on inventory costs of Rp. 1.051.697,- .Safety stock (SS) of 95 kg which must be in the warehouse, this is intended therefore, there is no shortage of wheat flour raw materials if there is a delay in the delivery of raw materials.

«Зомби-страны» - угроза мировой финансовой системе?

The worldwide pandemic of coronavirus infection has caused a set of problems, which can be divided into two large groups. The first group is problems in world health, related to the shock of most national systems caused by the number of cases, deaths, shortages of medicines and vaccines. The second group is problems in the economy due to employment, shortages of raw materials and components. The pandemic led to a drop in people's income, as well as several problems in the activities of economic entities - businesses and households. Problems occurred in small and medium-sized enterprises as well as in large companies and multinational corporations. The biggest victims of the pandemic were the airline company Boeing, the travel company Carmival, Delta Air Lines, and the oil and gas company ExxonMobil. This caused the value of their debt financial instruments to fall, increased the cost of borrowing for these companies, and could eventually lead to their bankruptcy. The bankruptcy of several large multinational corporations could have caused irreparable damage to the world economy and so most governments provided financing to large economic entities by giving concessional loans and borrowings. Also, the U.S. Federal Reserve announced a program of buyback of financial assets in global financial markets. At the same time, the financial situation in the countries, which provide such assistance to economic entities, has also deteriorated. First, it wass expressed in growth of national debt. According to the IMF, the global public debt tripled over a 20-year period, rising from $20 trillion in the 2000s to a record $69.3 trillion by 2020. The ratio of global debt to global GDP was 82%. Consequently, to pay for this public debt, it is necessary to give more than half of global GDP for the year. And for several advanced economies, this figure already exceeds the size of annual GDP. So, the likelihood of these countries paying their debts in the future has been significantly reduced. In fact, there is the emergence of “zombie” countries, which even in the distant future will not be able to repay their obligations but will continue to exist as borrowers in the financial market. Most of these countries have the highest credit ratings. At the same time rating agencies overlook the actual inability of the governments of these countries to repay the debts incurred at some point in the future. High credit ratings and the existing investment strategy of big bond purchasers make it possible for them to continue their successful existence due to continuing borrowings in the financial market. However, over a sufficiently long period of time this situation could lead to a catastrophic financial collapse of mutual defaults, defaults, and bankruptcies especially since the assets of zombie countries are actively bought by investors and are seen as a highly reliable liquid asset. In this regard, it is relevant to assess the overall situation of the public debt of borrowing countries, classifying them into groups and describing the properties of each group.

АКТУАЛЬНІ ПИТАННЯ УПРАВЛІННЯ ДІЯЛЬНІСТЮ ВІТЧИЗНЯНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ В СУЧАСНИХ УМОВАХ ГОСПОДАРЮВАННЯ

The author updates the problems of general uncertainty and riskiness of the economic activity of enterprises with the major crises of recent years: the Covid-19 pandemic and the military invasion of Russia, which caused additional specific risks for which most enterprises were not prepared. Having shown flexibility and adaptability, studying the experience of other countries, most enterprises overcame the crisis of the Covid-19 pandemic, managed to cope with unexpected risks in their activities, and found ways to overcome and eliminate them. However, the military threat from Russia posed new challenges. Threats provoked by Russian military aggression and the introduction of martial law in Ukraine made significant adjustments to the management system of enterprises, increasing the factor of unpredictability of events and the unpredictability of the development of the situation, the appearance of additional specific risks that are not inherent in normal activities in peacetime. In such conditions, there is not enough flexibility and ability to adapt to external conditions in enterprise management, special attention is paid to the introduction of risk-oriented management and the reorientation of its mechanisms in accordance with the special conditions of the military state. The author analyzed the analytics and characterized the risks of wartime. Attention is focused on the possibility of finding enterprises in a state of immediate hostilities and in a state of remote location. The risks associated with threats to people's lives, accidents, destruction of property, as a result of military operations, which make the production process impossible, are analyzed. Risks of complicating logistic support of material and technical support, risks of shortage of certain raw materials, materials, experienced employees, spare parts, etc. For all outlined risks that threaten enterprises during military operations, ways of overcoming or minimizing them were developed. Special emphasis was placed on the reorientation of export activities of enterprises to EU markets. The war brought great threats to the country and specific risks for the economic activity of enterprises. In order to minimize problems and not turn them into global ones that lead to the shutdown of the enterprise, management needs to see these risks in advance, establish backup processes, develop a preventive action plan and train personnel to face the challenges of wartime.

МОДИФИЦИРОВАНИЕ НИЗКОКАЧЕСТВЕННОГО ГЛИНИСТОГО СЫРЬЯ ГЕЛЕМ НАНОКРЕМНЕЗЕМА И ЕГО ВЛИЯНИЕ НА СВОЙСТВА КЕРАМИЧЕСКОГО ЧЕРЕПКА

In connection with the prospects for growth in the volume of construction of individual residential buildings, the demand for facing ceramic bricks and large-format porous wall blocks is increasing. With a shortage of high-quality clay raw materials for the production of plastic molded ceramic bricks, it is recommended to switch to the production of semi-dry pressing products. An important task is to increase the strength of ceramic bricks, both carrying a load in the wall and performing a heat-insulating role. It is recommended to introduce an aqueous solution of nanosilica gel into the charge. The main raw material was non-caking dusty loam of the Verkh-Tulinskoye deposit, containing more than 70% of dusty fractions (5-50 microns). As an additive, we used Lakesil-30 nanosilica gel produced by the Compass Scientific and Technical Center (Kazan). In the article, the authors used both standard research methods and modern methods of X-ray phase analysis to establish the material composition of a ceramic shard. It has been established that, at optimal prescription and technological parameters, the introduction of Lakesil-30 gel with mixing water into the raw mixture increases the strength limit by 32.8% compared to the non-additive composition, without affecting the average density and water absorption of the ceramic shard. ... The quantitative phase composition of the shard has been studied. It has been experimentally established that the strength of a ceramic shard is increased due to the use of an additive of Lakesil-30 nanosilica gel in an optimal dosage. To ensure the maximum strength of the ceramic shard, it is necessary that the processes of interaction of the aqueous solution of the additive with the clay component are completed during firing.

Virginia tobacco sustainable production in Indonesia

In Indonesia, tobacco has a very important and strategic role. Cigarette production in Indonesia reaches 362 billion cigarettes and needs 362 thousand tons of tobacco. Meanwhile, the national tobacco production was only about 180 thousand tons of 220 thousand hectares. To cover the shortage of raw materials, imports are carried out. Types of imported tobacco are mainly Virginia tobacco which reaches 110 thousand tons, Oriental and Burley. Assuming that Virginia’s tobacco productivity reaches 2 tons per hectare, an area of approximately 55 thousand hectares is required to cover the demand for Virginia’s tobacco. Opportunities for the development of Virginia tobacco in Indonesia can be carried out in several areas. It must be covered and supported by technology and policy for tobacco development that is land suitability, varieties, cultivation technology, pest and disease control, harvesting and processing technology, and marketing. With this support, the sustainability of tobacco cultivation is expected to meet the needs of raw materials on an ongoing basis.

The Effect of Covid-19 on the Service, Manufacturing, and Construction Sectors in Ethiopia: A Case Study in the Gurage Zone

This study investigates the socioeconomic effects of COVID-19 on service, manufacturing and construction sectors and its mitigating strategies in Ethiopia using case study in Gurage zone. It comprises a total of 390 households. Both simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used to select sample households. The data analysis employed descriptive statistics and narrative methods. The results of the study exhibited that the crises brought adverse effects on the people who employed and invested in the service, manufacturing, and construction sectors. The consequences to employed labors include psychological, social and economic, which have harmfully disturbed their lives, whereas business owners have faced significant sum of reductions in revenues, orders, and workforce. In addition, the businesses faced a high shortage of raw materials, limited access to the transportation of goods, decrease in the number of customers, and expiration of goods during the crises . This suggests that the government and policymakers should lay down social protection programs, facilitate credit support and promote solidarity among people to confront the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Keywords: COVID-19 Pandemic, Business Owner, Labor, Gurage Zone DOI: 10.7176/IEL/12-1-03 Publication date: January 31 st 2022

Business Strategies Employed by Food Service Industries to Survive the Impact of COVID-19

This study explored and described the business strategies of food service industries in Cabanatuan City in the New Normal. The descriptive research design was used in the study. Researcher-made questionnaire was employed to elicit information from 15 food service industries purposively chosen. Analysis of the result indicates that most of the food service industry was a restaurant with the corporation as business owners and was operated over the years. As to the number of employees, they had small number of regular employees and a larger number of casual and contractual employees due to restructuring and transforming their workplaces brought by the COVID-19 pandemic. Most of the respondents were impacted by the pandemic in terms of the five indicators used in the study. The finance and cash flows were greatly affected due to a profit decline. The shortage of raw materials due to transportation-related problems impacted their production of products needed by the customers. Likewise, they reduced the employee size due to a loss in sales and profits. Similarly, they innovated their products based on the customers’ needs using local materials. Meanwhile, the respondent’s food service industry can utilize business strategies suited for their operations. On the marketing side, they increased their marketing efforts with social media platforms to reach out to customers and increase online sales. On the other hand, they reassure strict safety and sanitation following existing safety protocols of IATF. Likewise, they strictly observed social distancing at work and ensured reduced operating costs to regain their Business from financial loss. Finally, they responded that the strategies used were helpful in their overall business operations. And as to the outcome of actions and strategies employed, the food service industry was able to catch up with their revenues, raw materials, and total operating costs and sales by more than 10 percent. The current study is limited to the fact that it only used a systematic assessment of food service industry strategies. Future research should focus on the techniques used by food service companies to combat COVID-19 from various perspectives and utilize various methods. This research enlightens researchers on the strategies used by the food service industry and points the way for future research. The study has identified the areas where the researcher is focusing efforts and those that have received less attention. It also demonstrates the dominating approaches and gaps that future researchers must fill. This paper achieved the main purpose of studying the business strategies employed by food service industries to survive the impact of COVID-19.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ СТРАТЕГІЧНИХ АЛЬТЕРНАТИВ ДЛЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ М’ЯСОПЕРЕРОБНОЇ ГАЛУЗІ УКРАЇНИ

The article considers the peculiarities of the formation of strategic alternatives to the meat processing of industry Ukraine. Businesses operating in the market of this industry are affected by various environmental factors. The main ones for the industry are the reduction of raw materials and great competition. Therefore, in these conditions it is necessary to have alternative ways of development or strategic alternatives. They provide a choice of many development options that allow you to achieve the planned goals, taking into account the relevant resources.The meat processing industry is developing rapidly, provides the population of Ukraine with food and has a social orientation. The state is interested in its development because it produces such products that are very popular and consumed daily. Recent years have been difficult for the industry, as it has faced a shortage of raw materials. This was due to a decrease in the number of cattle and pigs. Therefore, the population reduced the consumption of products from these resources and switched to the consumption of poultry meat. In such conditions, the following alternatives were proposed for the industry: focusing on finding other sources of raw materials; creation of own fodder base; assistance to existing or creation of new farms; formation of intersectoral consolidation in Ukraine; reorientation from assortment groups made of this raw material to groups for the production of which other raw materials are used.The second important factor influencing the development of the industry is the presence of high competition. Currently, 1,340 meat processing plants are engaged in meat procurement and processing. Among them are powerful companies that have a strong position in the market. There are also medium and small ones who find it difficult to fight leaders. But it is difficult for consumers to distinguish between products from different manufacturers because they are very similar. In these conditions, the following alternative decisions can be made: to focus efforts on maintaining its target audience by saturating the range of products with original flavors and packaging; to expand the consumer audience at the expense of those of its participants who do not yet have established views and intentions to make purchases; use the opportunities of branded trade to form a high level of consumer satisfaction with products and increase their loyalty.In order to analyze and form strategic alternatives, the company can use such marketing tools as SWOT-analysis, product / market development matrix (I. Ansoff), McKinsey matrix, etc. Their application will allow you to determine the market position and choose the right solutions.

Studies on concrete made of quartz and feldspar mineral mining materials for sustainability

In recent times, global warming and Environmental degradation have become major concerns for academicians and researchers. The shortage of raw materials required for construction is increasing day by day all over the world is a white truth. The principal concern and challenge for construction engineers and researchers in the field of construction engineering is to avoid the exhaustion of natural resources like sand and crushed stones. The increasing strength of population in India enforced the civil engineering industry to use the construction materials at quick pace, thus result in reduction of sand and crushed stones, in turn this will have a severe impact on the environment triggering many threats significantly, for example., exhaustion of river due to sand excavate being done at alarming rate, on the other hand speedy growth of industries and industrialization in India gave birth to various kinds of industrial waste products. In this context, the present research has been carried out in laboratory settings to elucidate the consequence of total substitution of sand using Quartz and Feldspar mineral mining materials. The mix design considered in the present research is M25 Grade of concrete. In the present study, natural fine aggregate has been totally replaced with sand manufactured out of Quartz and Feldspar mineral mining. The experiment has been conducted in a laboratory setting and results have been interpreted..

Investigation and Analysis of the Current Situation of Olive-Stone Carving Inheritance in Guangzhou

The issue of inheriting and developing traditional handicrafts in this contemporary society is being explored by all walks of life in China. Taking the olive-stone carving in Guangzhou as a case, field investigations and analyses of its current situation of inheritance have been conducted. It has been found that although the government in Guangzhou has been paying more attention to olive-stone carving, there are still many problems, including the shortage of raw materials, no inheritors, low market recognition, and inadequate promotion. Therefore, the local government has cooperated with schools and craftsmen to search for key solutions in regard to raw material protection, training of inheritors, product development, and product promotion.

Automated Screening System for Covid Safety

COVID-19 is a life-threatening virus taking the lives of thousands of people every day throughout the world. Even though many organizations and companies worked hard and developed vaccines, production of vaccines at large scale to meet today’s demand is not an easy job as there is a shortage of raw materials and cases are rising steeply. Inoculation of every individual cannot be achieved in the foreseeable future. Even the government is vaccinating people in a phased manner prioritizing older people and people who are more vulnerable to the virus. The main objective of this work is to provide an optimum solution for COVID-19 indoor safety for industries, offices, and commercial places where footfall is high. This work focus on automation of temperature sensing and mask detection which is usually carried out by a person. Elimination of human intervention reduces the risk of contraction and spreading and avoids mistakes due to human negligence. Continuous monitoring of a person is not possible and there is no guarantee that a person who is entering a place wearing a mask puts it on until he leaves it. This research intends to implement mask detection along with surveillance which is cost effective as it does not require additional hardware setup.