Shift Of Peak Position Research Articles

Particle size inversion of flowing aerosol using Bayesian inference in dynamic light scattering

In dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements of flowing aerosols, an increase in flow velocity can exacerbate the ill-conditioned nature of the inversion equation, which makes it difficult to obtain accurate particle size by classical inversion methods. We established a probability model using Bayesian inference and derived a posterior probability density function (PDF) containing the undetermined particle size distribution (PSD) parameters. After setting the initial values of the parameters, the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm was used to sample the parameters in the posterior PDF, and the sample values of the Markov chain were averaged to obtain the needed PSD parameters. The PSD inverted by the Bayesian method shows that it avoids phenomena such as peak position shift, distribution broadening, and disappearance of one peak in bimodal distributions in regularization inversion. The peak position error and distribution error of the PSD inverted by the Bayesian method no longer increase with the increase of flow velocity. In addition, through the Bayesian method, the flow velocity information contained in the intensity autocorrelation function was accurately obtained, thus achieving online retrieval of PSD and flow velocity of flowing aerosols.

Magnetic field induced anomalous shift of plasmon resonance peak in Al-based plasmon-polariton photodetectors

The influence of magnetic field on Ψ(λ) and Δ(λ) dependences of Al-based plasmon-polariton photodetectors (PPPD) at different magnetic flux densities (100 and 300 mT) and magnetic field directions was investigated. It was obtained that the action of the magnetic field results in the shift of the surface plasmon resonance peak (SPR) position and a change in its intensity. Particularly, in the configuration ( and are collinear) the noted effects were the most pronounced. Additionally, it was found that the magnetic-induced effects are sensitive to the angle of incidence, particularly they enhance with decreasing the angle of incidence. Therefore, they were the most pronounced at the smallest angle in our experiment (20°). The possible physical mechanisms of observed phenomena are discussed. The obtained results can open up new opportunities in the design of optoelectronic sensors of the magnetic field or high-speed optical modulators.

Proposed biosensor for the detection of Bovine Serum Albumin using 7CB liquid crystals: A preliminary study.

Liquid crystal (LC) based biosensors offer a sensitive platform for detecting biomolecules due to their ability to respond to molecular interactions through changes in LC orientations. In this paper, we introduce a novel LC biosensor using 4-heptyl-4-biphenyl carbonitrile (7CB) to detect Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA). The interaction between BSA and 7CB was investigated using polarising optical microscopy (POM), molecular docking (MD), and Raman spectroscopy. Time, temperature, and concentration-dependent POM experiments revealed that 7CB-BSA interaction induced a change in the LC texture producing bipolar and radial textures, with the biosensor demonstrating high selectivity for BSA at concentrations as low as 25 μM. A strong linear response to BSA concentration was observed, with a coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.97973), indicating the biosensor's quantitative capabilities. Molecular docking analysis showed that 7CB binds to BSA with a minimal binding energy of -6.06 kcal/mol, supporting the strong interaction between the two. Raman spectroscopy revealed that specific amino acid residues, such as Phenylalanine (Phe) and Leucine (Leu) in BSA, significantly influence the symmetric and asymmetric stretching of the CH chains in 7CB leading shift in peak position (PP), line width (LW) and integrated intensity (II). The sensitivity, specificity, and label-free detection capability of this biosensor underscore its potential to enhance the performance of LC-based biosensing systems for protein detection.

Looking for the optimal harvest time of red grapes with an enzymatic electrochemical multisensory system

The timing of the grape harvest is a critical decision for winemakers, as it greatly impacts the quality and organoleptic characteristics of the resulting red wines. One key indicator for determining the optimal harvest time is the phenolic content of the grapes. As the berries ripen, phenolic compounds in the grape skin cells migrate from the seeds to the pulp and finally to the skin. However, monitoring these phenolic changes, particularly in the seeds, presents a challenge. This research addresses this problem by developing a novel technique to track the phenolic composition of seeds during ripening. The objective is to provide a reliable method for winemakers to monitor the phenolic evolution and improve harvest decision-making.In this study, a multisensory system consisting of four electrochemical enzymatic carbon paste sensors, modified with tyrosinase and electrocatalytic materials (AuNPs, lutetium phthalocyanine, and nickel oxide nanoparticles), was employed to analyze the phenolic content in grape seed extracts. The system monitored weekly changes in the phenolic composition of the seeds from three red grape varieties—Cabernet Sauvignon, Tempranillo, and Prieto Picudo—during their ripening from veraison to being overripe. Using voltammetric techniques, the electrochemical responses were characterized by shifts in peak positions and intensity changes, reflecting the oxidation/reduction of phenols. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) demonstrated the ability of the array of sensors to discriminate phenolic changes across ripening stages, while Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression provided robust correlation models between the electrochemical responses and seed phenolic content, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.93 to 0.99. The developed methodology successfully tracked phenolic changes, offering a promising tool for monitoring grape seed maturation and assisting in determining the optimal harvest time.

Structural modifications of BiOBr nanoplates by electron beam irradiation

Abstract In this study, BiOBr nanoplates are synthesized through the hydrothermal method, then samples have been irradiated by an electron beam of 10 MeV energy to deliver doses of 100 kGy and 500 kGy. XRD and Raman investigations corroborated the presence of a pure phase in all nanoplate samples. The sharp and narrow peaks in XRD indicate well crystalline in nature of the samples, which decreases with increasing the electron dose as confirmed by the decay in peak intensity. Conversely, the peak position shifts at lower angle with increasing the electron dose. Structural factors including lattice parameter, dislocation density, cell volume, microstrain, as well as stacking fault have been found to change due to electron beam irradiation. We employed the Debey-Scherrer formula (D-S), Size Strain Plot method (SSP), and Halder Wagner (H-W) methods to determine the crystal size and strain of purified and irradiated BiOBr nanoplates. It has been found that the size of the crystallites increases nonlinearly as the irradiation dose increases. All three of the aforementioned calculation methods have observed this trend. Strain and dislocation density exhibited the opposite trend of crystallite size, as they decreased as the irradiation dose increased. The dislocation density, strain, and crystallite size values are nearly identical for the SSP and H-W procedures, while the D-S method exhibits values with deviation. The tetragonal structure and the Raman active mode, which we have identified as closely resembling those in other literature of this composition, are discussed in the respective section. Because of their intriguing phase strength, the synthesized nanoplates may be suitable for the degradation of organic pollutants and the separation of water through photo-electrocatalysis.

Amorphous structure of superfine pulverized coal based on pair distribution function

The amorphous carbon structure of coal exhibits many intriguing properties during particle size reduction, which can be accurately characterized by atom pair distribution function. Here, the synchrotron radiation-induced X-ray diffraction is employed to investigate the local structure of superfine pulverized coal, while the combined illustration of long-range average structural parameters is introduced to support the findings based on local structural analysis. The influences of particle size, coal rank, and demineralization are emphasized. In addition, the evolution of amorphous carbon structure during coal superfine comminution is focused on. Results indicate that the amorphous carbon structure contains mainly 2H graphite and graphene crystal structures. During the grinding, bituminous coal exhibits numerous defects and dislocations due to mechanical forces, resulting in the leftward shifts in peak positions. In contrast, anthracite’s mixed structure transitions from 2H graphite to multilayer graphene. It is worth noting that around the particle size of 20 µm, there is a noticeable turning point in the peak parameters, causing the variations of peak positions and intensities. In addition, after the acid treatment, the removal of minerals causes the peak positions to shift leftward both coals. Simultaneously, the amorphous carbon undergoes rearrangement, leading to changes in peak values. Combined the short- and long-range structural analysis, the work reveals the molecular-level changes in amorphous carbon structure in coal, which innovatively explains the evolution in defect types under mechanochemical effects. The findings contribute to better understanding of coal macromolecular models, which provide new perspectives for inspecting inherent nature of coal amorphous carbon.

Detection of Layer Charge Density in Layered Double Hydroxides and Studies on Host‐Guest Interactions

AbstractThe layer charge density of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) significantly affects interlayer spacing, the arrangement of interlayer anions and water molecules, thermal stability, as well as adsorption performance. However, traditional methods for evaluating the layer charge density of LDHs are complex, prone to large errors, and impacted by numerous factors, rendering these methods unable to facilitate direct comparisons of layer charge density across different LDH compositions. Consequently, this study proposes a novel approach based on the host‐guest supramolecular interactions in LDHs to investigate the layer charge density by analyzing changes in the position of the infrared absorption peaks of interlayer guest species. The shifts in infrared absorption peak positions are employed to assess the layer charge density of MgAl‐LDHs with varying molar ratios (M2+/M3+=2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4). The validity of using infrared peak position shifts is corroborated through a combination of techniques, including Raman spectroscopy, TG‐DTG, XRD, Zeta potential, and adsorption analyses. Furthermore, the layer charge density of NiAl, CoAl, MgFe, and NiFe‐LDHs are evaluated, confirming the universality of the infrared method. By ranking layer charge density of LDHs with different compositions and ratios, this study resolves the challenge of comparing LDHs with diverse layer compositions.

Spectrum reconstruction of experimentally produced nano-colloids using Mie theory

Aim: Synthesis of plasmonic nanoparticles, characterization, size detection by modeling. Methods: Colloidal plasmonic gold and silver nanoparticles were prepared by laser ablation with a 1,064 nm pulsed Nd:YAG laser with equal fractional volume and then were illuminated with its 532 nm second harmonic pulse. After the illumination process, we observed 1 nm blue shift in peak position of gold colloid and 4 nm blue shift in silver colloid. We observed a variation in the dielectric function due to nanoparticle size reduction in both samples. Using micrograph, size distribution was plotted and with the help of Mie theory and size dependent dielectric function, we reconstructed absorption spectrum to best fit the experimental spectrum and we estimated 12- and 16-fold increase in the number of Au and Ag nanoparticles respectively, due to illumination. Results: We have estimated size distribution of produced nanoparticles. Conclusions: We produced silver and gold colloids with ablation of their foils in water without any surfactant, and then we fragmented the nanoparticles colloids with an intense nanosecond laser and studied the effect of illumination on peak position and size distribution of colloids.

Resonance Testing Data Evaluation Approaches for Scaling Onset Detection in Pipelines

Most industries dealing with pipelines face problems resulting from the buildup of deposits therein, such as reduced efficiency, downtime and increased maintenance costs. Although solutions to this issue have been sought for decades, no widely employed technique for monitoring growth of inorganic deposits (or ‘scaling’) in pipelines exists. In this research, a means of detecting the onset of scaling growth, by processing resonance testing data, was sought. For the resonance testing measurements the pipeline segment of interest is equipped with acceleration sensors which record signals generated by impacting the pipeline with a steel tip. The signals are Fourier transformed and analysed in the frequency domain, where a clear shift in frequency peak positions can be observed as the scaling thickness changes. How best to extract quantitative information from the generated frequency data is an open question. In this research, two data analysis approaches for scaling thickness prediction are compared: a supervised (binary classification) machine learning approach as well as a comparison-based change detection approach using cross-correlation. The supervised machine learning approach yields generalizable results for different acceleration sensors and impactor diameters whilst the change detection approach is sensitive from a scaling thickness of 0.5 mm. Whilst this research is specific to the pipe–scaling geometry—and type used in the experiments conducted, resonance testing can be applied to any pipe–scaling combination. The robustness of the data processing approaches presented in this work, when applied to other pipe–scaling materials and geometries, is the next point of research.

Elucidating the Impact of Mn-Fe Substitution on The Crystal Structure of LiMn(x)Fe(1-x)PO4 Solid Solutions: A Theoretical Study

Abstract This study generated crystallography information files (CIF) to synthesize LiMn(x)Fe(1-x)PO4 solid solutions, with the Mn to Fe substitution ratio (x) ranging from 0 to 1 in 0.1 increments, guided by Vegard’s law, utilizing crystallography software. The investigation focused on how this substitution influences key structural parameters and properties within the Mn-Fe Olivine system. Specifically, it examined variations in lattice parameters, unit cell volume, cell density, and Theoretical capacity attributable to the substitution factor. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, predicted using mathematical models through the same software, provided insights into structural changes. Notably, the XRD analysis revealed a progressive shift in peak positions and an increase in peak intensities corresponding to the substitution level. These observations were linked to the altered lattice parameters resulting from the introduction of ions with varying ionic radii, and an enhanced electron density stemming from the increased presence of Fe. This comprehensive analysis underscores the significant impact of Mn-Fe replacement on the microstructural characteristics and electron density of the olivine system, offering valuable insights into material design and optimization in the context of energy storage materials.

Gamma radiation-induced changes in the structural and optical properties of CsPbBr3 thin films for space applications

Perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) are emerging as a next generation display technology. In this regard, exploring the structural and optical stability when subjected to radiation is crucial for expanding their application in aerospace and radiation detection technologies. In this study, we investigated the effects of gamma radiation on CsPbBr3 heterojunction thin films through a comprehensive analysis of their structural and optical characteristics. The thin films of CsPbBr3 were subjected to varying doses of gamma radiation, ranging from 100 krad to 1 Mrad, followed by thorough examination using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and optical spectroscopy techniques. Our findings unveil significant changes in the crystal structure of CsPbBr3 thin films when exposed to gamma radiation, including shifts in diffraction peak positions from cubic to monoclinic phases, broadening of peaks, and variations in peak intensities due to induced surface defects. The optical properties, such electroluminescence (EL) and photoluminescence (PL) intensity slightly drops at the moderate irradiation dose of 300 krad, while at an irradiation dose of 1 Mrad deteriorated severely. Notably, 300 krad is equivalent to the radiation dose accumulated by satellites in low-Earth orbit over 10 years. The findings in this work suggest the fabricated CsPbBr3 thin film has the potential to be used in space applications.

Green synthesis of ZIF-67 nanoparticles via microfluidics: Towards sustainable nanomaterial production

This study explored the synthesis of zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67) nanoparticles using a microfluidic reactor, focusing on the effects of reactant concentration, temperature, and flow rate on the material’s properties. Design Expert software was utilized to optimize these variables to enhance the synthesis process while preventing reactor clogging due to precipitate formation. The experiments varied concentrations of cobalt (II) nitrate hexahydrate and 2-methylimidazole, along with temperature and flow rates. After synthesis, the samples underwent extensive characterization, including FTIR, NMR, TEM, SAED, and XRD analyses. FTIR results confirmed the successful formation of ZIF-67, with varying conditions leading to shifts in peak positions and intensities, indicating changes in bonding and molecular structure. NMR spectra provided insights into the hydrogen environments within the nanoparticles. TEM and SAED analyses revealed that the nanoparticles predominantly exhibited a uniform rhombic dodecahedral morphology with diameters ranging from 5 to 10 nm. XRD patterns were consistent with simulated data, showing variations in peak positions and crystallinity with changes in synthesis conditions. The study highlighted that increasing reactant concentrations, temperature, and flow rate generally enhanced the production rate and crystallinity of ZIF-67, with 2-methylimidazole concentration having the most significant impact. The findings contributed to optimizing ZIF-67 synthesis, demonstrating the feasibility of using microfluidic reactors and green solvents for producing high-quality nanoparticles with controlled properties.

Dynamics of Airyprime beams with higher-order spectral phase modulation in the fractional Schrödinger equation

In this paper, the effects of spectral phase modulation on propagation characteristics of Airyprime beams modeled by fractional Schrödinger equation are studied, and the propagation dynamics of Airyprime beams are analyzed. It is found that the second and third-order spectral phase modulation significantly affect the beams dynamics. For the second-order spectral phase modulation, an increase in the Lévy index leads to a forward shift of the peak position, and the peak intensity increases for the positive spectral modulation coefficient, while the opposite tendency of the peak intensity is found for the negative spectral modulation coefficient. In addition, the appearance of multiple peaks depends on the positive modulation coefficient. For the third-order spectral phase modulation, the peak intensity increases under the larger spectral phase modulation coefficient with the backward shift of the maximum peak position, and an increase of the Lévy index results in the forward shift of the focusing position. The results show potential applications of Airyprime beams in various fields such as optical controlling and manipulation.

Asymmetrical Promotional Effect in the Disorder‐to‐Order Transition of Au‐Pt‐Cu Ternary Alloy Electrocatalysts

AbstractBinary alloys of platinum (Pt) are well‐studied to address the poor poisoning resistance of Pt. Among them, the ordered alloys, also known as intermetallics, tend to show exceptional advantages in activity and durability. In contrast, the medium and high‐entropy Pt alloy systems, with three or more elements, have been reported with better performance but not fully understood, due to the complex relationship of elemental miscibility. Herein a unique asymmetric synergistic effect in the ordering process of a series of ternary alloy AuxPt1‐xCu3 (x = 0‐1) is reported. The volcano plot of ordering degree (OD) in AuxPt1‐xCu3 (x = 0‐1) shows its peak in the Au‐rich samples but gradually shifts to Au/Pt equal molar ratio with the increasing temperature. Based on formation energy calculation and molecular dynamics analysis, the unique ordering trend of ternary alloys and the shift of OD peak position are rationalized. Among the studied samples, Au0.4Pt0.6Cu3‐350 sample exhibits the highest mass activity in electrocatalytic ethanol oxidation (3.58 A·mgAu+Pt−1), 4.4 times higher than that of commercial Pt/C. This work not only explores the unique asymmetrical effect in the OD of ternary intermetallics, but also helps to understand the complex inter‐metallic relationship in the medium‐entropy and high‐entropy alloys.

Accuracy and limitations of the bond polarizability model in modeling of Raman scattering from molecular dynamics simulations.

Calculation of Raman scattering from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations requires accurate modeling of the evolution of the electronic polarizability of the system along its MD trajectory. For large systems, this necessitates the use of atomistic models to represent the dependence of electronic polarizability on atomic coordinates. The bond polarizability model (BPM) is the simplest such model and has been used for modeling the Raman spectra of molecular systems but has not been applied to solid-state systems. Here, we systematically investigate the accuracy and limitations of the BPM parameterized from the density functional theory results for a series of simple molecules, such as CO2, SO2, H2S, H2O, NH3, and CH4; the more complex CH2O, CH3OH, CH3CH2OH, and thiophene molecules; and the BaTiO3 and CsPbBr3 perovskite solids. We find that BPM can reliably reproduce the overall features of the Raman spectra, such as shifts of peak positions. However, with the exception of highly symmetric systems, the assumption of non-interacting bonds limits the quantitative accuracy of the BPM; this assumption also leads to qualitatively inaccurate polarizability evolution and Raman spectra for systems where large deviations from the ground state structure are present.

Improving Cs2AgBiBr6 double perovskite solar cells through graphdiyne doping: A Stride towards enhanced performance

Lead-free halide double perovskites (LFHDPs) based on Cs2AgBiBr6 provide a promising replacement for conventional lead-based LBPs, offering significant benefits in terms of non-toxicity and chemical stability. Nevertheless, the efficiency of Cs2AgBiBr6 solar cells is restricted due to their significant bandgap (Eg). The proposed solution involves optimizing the optical and photovoltaic properties of Cs2AgBiBr6 through graphdiyne (GD) doping. The synthesized Cs2Ag0.95GD0.05BiBr6 is extensively characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), solar simulator studies, and UV–vis spectroscopy. XRD analysis reveals peak position shifts, indicating changes in the crystal structure caused by GD doping. Optical examination indicates a drop in Eg, this results in enhanced light absorption in the visible region. The increased performance of the Cs2Ag0.95GD0.05BiBr6 solar cell is demonstrated by its higher fill factor (FF), open-circuit voltage (Voc), and short-circuit current (Jsc), which are measured at 0.91 V, 5.58 mA-cm−2, and 0.75, respectively. As a result, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) increases to 3.74 % from 3.37 %. Our research not only tackles film formation issues but also develops stable Cs2Ag0.95GD0.05BiBr6 as a high-performance material for solar applications. All in all, our effort promotes solar technology that is environmentally benign. This work develops stable Cs2Ag0.95GD0.05BiBr6 as a high-performance substance that aids in overcoming film forming challenges in solar applications. Overall, our work advances ecologically friendly solar technology.

Effects of hydrostatic pressure, temperature, and position-dependent mass on the nonlinear optical properties of triple delta-doped GaAs quantum well

In this study, we thoroughly investigate the impacts of hydrostatic pressure, temperature, and position-dependent mass (PDM) on the nonlinear optical properties of asymmetric triple δ-doped GaAs quantum wells. Our analysis covers total optical absorption coefficients, relative refractive index changes, nonlinear optical rectification, second harmonic generation, and third harmonic generation. Initially, we employ PDM to solve the time-independent Schrödinger equation using the diagonalization method under effective mass and parabolic band approaches, considering pressure and temperature dependencies. Utilizing the first four energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, we apply the compact density matrix method to compute the system’s nonlinear optical properties numerically. The results indicate a shift in optical property peak positions toward lower (higher) energy spectra with increasing hydrostatic pressure (temperature). Furthermore, the influence of PDM shifts the system’s optical properties toward the higher energy spectrum, resembling the effect of temperature. From an experimental and theoretical perspective, one of the topics that researchers work on most is GaAs-based δ-doped systems (δ-doped heterojunction bipolar transistors, δ-doped field effect transistors, δ-multiple independent gate field effect transistors, etc.). We believe these findings will provide valuable insights for the researchers involved in GaAs-based δ-doped optoelectronic device design.

Accurate and Robust Wide‐Range Luminescent Microthermometer Based on ALD‐Encapsulated Ga2O3:Cr DBR Microcavities

AbstractThe high spatial resolution and contactless optical readout capabilities of luminescence thermometry offer significant advantages in numerous fields, including biomedicine, space exploration and optoelectronics. In addition, robust, reproducible, and accurate temperature measurements are essential in these areas. The ultra‐wide band gap semiconductor material Ga2O3 is a suitable host for optical sensing in harsh environments due to its high stability. In this work, the thermometric operation of Ga2O3:Cr‐based microcavities are evaluated. They are designed as follows: Ga2O3:Cr microwires are encapsulated in multilayers fabricated by atomic layer deposition (ALD), which act as both Bragg reflectors and protective layers for the thermometric sensor. Prior to the ALD encapsulation step, focused ion beam carved trenches at the microwire ends are necessary to accommodate the multilayer coating. The structural and optical properties of the devices are assessed experimentally, analytically and by simulations. The developed microthermometers can be easily calibrated using a cubic polynomial for the temperature‐dependent resonant peak position shift. A better than 0.5 °C temperature resolution and accuracy for temperatures above −80 °C is demonstrated. Additionally, the devices show robustness against excitation laser densities of at least 34 W mm−2, can operate at temperatures up to 600 °C and remain functional in liquids.

Interface and Size Effects of Amorphous Si/Amorphous Silicon Oxynitride Multilayer Structures on the Photoluminescence Spectrum

A room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) study of amorphous Si/amorphous silicon oxynitride multilayer films prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition is reported. The PL peak position can be tuned from 800 nm to 660 nm by adjusting the oxygen/nitride ratio in the a-SiOxNy:H sublayer. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) absorption spectra indicate that the shift of the PL peak position is accompanied by an increase in the Si-O-Si absorption peak’s intensity, which induces the structural disorder at the interface, resulting in an increase in band gap energy. The effects of size on the photoluminescence spectrum have been studied. As a result, it has been observed that the addition of oxygen atoms introduces a large number of localized states at the interface, causing a blue shift in the emission peak position. With an increase in oxygen atoms, the localized states tend to saturate, and the quantum phenomenon caused by the a-Si sublayer becomes more pronounced. It is found that, as the thickness of the a-Si sublayer decreases, the increase in the [O/N] ratio is more likely to cause an increase in disordered states, leading to a decrease in luminescence intensity. For a-Si/a-SiOxNy:H samples with thinner a-Si sublayers, an appropriate value of [O/N] is required to achieve luminescence enhancement. When the value of [O/N] is one, the enhanced luminescence is obtained. It is also suggested that the PL originates from the radiative recombination in the localized states’ T3- level-related negatively charged silicon dangling bond in the band tail of the a-Si:H sublayer embedded in an a-Si/a-SiOxNy:H multilayer structure.

Multiple layers, porous surface, and their role in increasing the efficiency of photocatalytic coating on (DD3, DD3+ZrO2) ceramics and glass

Magnesium-doped zinc oxide thin films were dip-coated onto porous ceramic and glass substrates under identical conditions (50 layers, same doping ratio). Structural, morphological, and photocatalytic properties were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), UV–visible spectrophotometry, and confocal microscopy. XRD analysis indicated a shift in peak positions towards higher angles, increased grain size, and lattice distortion on both substrates. Unique flower-shaped crystalline granulates were observed exclusively on the ceramic substrate (DD3Z). The energy gap decreased on the ceramic and increased on the glass substrate. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated using an aqueous orange II solution, showing significantly higher decomposition (80 ± 0.53 % after 6 h) on the ceramic compared to the glass substrate (30 %). The enhanced performance on ceramic substrates, particularly with DD3+ZrO2, was attributed to increased microporosity, surface roughness, and active material incorporation, facilitating greater photocatalytic efficiency. The findings suggest promising applications of these materials for efficient and cost-effective photocatalysis, with potential for reuse after thermal treatment at 500 °C.