Shelf Life Of Chicken Meat Research Articles

뽕잎과 민들레 추출물을 급여한 계육의 저장성에 미치는 영향

본 시험은 육계에 뽕잎과 민들레 추출물을 각각 1%와 2%를 급여하여 5주간 사육한 계육의 pH, 육색, TBARS 및 VBN을 조사하였다. 실험구는 뽕잎과 민들레 추출물을 급여하지 않은 대조구, 뽕잎 추출물 1% 급여구는 T1, 뽕잎 추출물 2% 급여구는 T2, 민들레 추출물 1% 급여구는 T3 그리고 민들레 추출물 2% 급여구를 T4 등 5개 처리구로 나누어 사육한 후 도계하여 4주간 냉장 온도(<TEX>$4{\pm}1^{\circ}C$</TEX>)에서 저장하면서 실험하였다. 계육의 pH는 저장 기간이 경과하면서 감소하였고(P<0.05), 대조구에 비해 뽕잎과 민들레 추출물 급여구에서 낮았으며, 특히 민들레 2% 급여구인 T4에서 가장 낮았다(P<0.05). 가슴살의 육색 중 <TEX>$L^*$</TEX>값과 <TEX>$a^*$</TEX>값은 저장 기간이 지남에 따라 일정한 변화가 없었고 <TEX>$b^*$</TEX>값은 증가하였으며, 다리살의 <TEX>$L^*$</TEX>값은 감소하였고, <TEX>$a^*$</TEX>값은 증가하였다. TBARS는 저장 기간이 지나면서 모든 처리구에서 증가하였고(P<0.05), 가슴살과 다리살에서 대조구보다 뽕잎과 민들레 추출물 급여구에서 낮았으며, 뽕잎과 민들레 추출물 급여에 의한 차이는 없었다. VBN 함량은 계육을 저장하는 동안 증가하였고, 대조구에 비해 뽕잎과 민들레 추출물 급여구에서 낮았으며(P<0.05), 뽕잎과 민들레 추출물 급여에 의한 차이는 없었다. 이상의 결과를 종합적으로 고찰해 보면 뽕잎과 민들레 추출물을 계육에 급여하면 pH, TBARS 및 VBN 함량이 낮아져 계육의 저장성 개선에 도움이 되리라 사료된다. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of mulberry leaves and dandelion extracts on pH, meat color, TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance), and VBN (volatile basic nitrogen). Two hundred broiler chickens were fed diets for five weeks containing 1% mulberry leaves extracts (T1), 2% mulberry leaves extracts (T2), 1% dandelion extracts (T3), and 2% dandelion extracts (T4). At the end of five weeks feeding experiment, broilers were slaughtered, and stored at <TEX>$4^{\circ}C$</TEX> for five weeks. As storage time increased, the presence of mulberry leaves and dandelion extracts resulted in decreased pH, and <TEX>$L^*$</TEX> and increased TBARS, VBN, and <TEX>$a^*$</TEX> value in all treatment groups (P<0.05). The pH value, TBARS, and VBN were significantly decreased by the supplementation of mulberry leaves and dandelion extracts relative to the control (P<0.05). Therefore, mulberry leaves and dandelion extracts had the possibility to improve shelf life of chicken meat. Especially, T4 was significantly more effective in delay lipid oxidation compared to the control group. However, no significantly difference was found in pH, TBARS, and VBN among mulberry leaves and dandelion extracts treatment groups. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that compared to control group, supplementation of mulberry leaves and dandelion extracts were effective in decreasing pH, TBARS, and VBN and increasing <TEX>$a^*$</TEX> value.

키토산의 급여량과 급여 방법에 따른 육계의 성장 및 닭 다리육의 품질에 미치는 영향

This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with chitosan feeding levels and feeding forms on the performance, proximate composition, pH, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), water holding capacity (WHC), shear force, meat color, and fatty acid of chicken thigh meat. Two hundred broilers (Arbor Acre Broiler, male) were randomly assigned to five groups and were fed for five weeks and slaughtered. Thigh muscle was evaluated in this experiment. The amounts of proximate composition, crude fat of control and T3 for the chitosan-treated groups were significantly higher as compared with T2 (P<0.05), but no significant effects were detected on moisture, crude protein, and crude ash. By comparison, pH was significantly increased when chitosan was included at 2% into diet or more than 1% into drinking water. TBARS was significantly lower at chitosan treated groups it was decreased with increasing chitosan level in the diets (P<0.05). Therefore, chitosan had the possibility to improve shelf life of chicken meat. Higher chitosan levels and feeding additive increased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and reduced total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (P<0.05). L * and a * of chitosan treated group was higher than the control. As the dietary chitosan levels increase, the composition of palmitic acid and oleic acid levels was increased, however, those but the rates of linoleic acid and arachidonic acid were decreased. It is concluded that dietary chitosan has a positive effect on increasing HDL-C and oleic acid and decreasing total-C, LDL-C and TBARS values. Therefore, the treatment with the most significant effects in the current study was the high level of chitosan.

The Effect of the Submersion Length`s in Virgin Coconut Oil on the Shelf Life of Chicken Meat under Room Temperature Storage

The Effect of the Submersion Length`s in Virgin Coconut Oil on the Shelf Life of Chicken Meat under Room Temperature Storage

닭고기 함수율이 저장기간 동안 지방산패도, 육색, 미생물 변화에 미치는 영향

본 연구는 함수율을 달리하여 폴리에틸렌(PE)으로 포장된 닭고기를 냉장 저장하면서 닭고기의 신선도, 미생물 및 육색의 변화를 구명하고자 수행하였다. 함수율에 따른 닭고기 가슴부위의 pH는 저장 3일에는 함수율 6% 처리구에서 6.00을 나타내었으나, 함수율이 8, 10%에서는 6.04, 6.05%를 나타내어 함수율이 증가함에 따라 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 이러한 경향은 저장 5일에도 비슷한 경향을 나타내었다. 육색 변화에서 명도(<TEX>$L^*$</TEX>)는 저장 3일에 가슴육의 함수율 6% 처리구에서 73.40을 나타내었으나, 8, 10% 처리구에서는 75.27, 75.31로 닭고기의 함수율이 증가할수록 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 적색도(<TEX>$a^*$</TEX>)는 저장 3일에 10% 처리구에서 2.52로 가장 높은 값을 나타내었으나, <TEX>$6{\sim}8%$</TEX> 처리구에서는 서로 비슷한 경향을 나타내었다. 저장 5일에서도 비슷한 경향을 나타내었다. 황색도(<TEX>$b^*$</TEX>)는 저장 3일에 가슴육의 함수율 6% 처리구는 4.31, 8% 처리구 4.33, 10% 처리구는 4.34로 10% 처리구에서 가장 높은 값을 보여 저장 1일과 비슷한 경향을 나타내었다. 지방산패도(TBARS)의 변화는 저장 3일에 함수율 6% 처리구에서 0.107, 8% 처리구 0.104, 10% 처리구 0.113 mgMA/kg으로 함수율이 가장 높은 10% 처리구에서 가장 높은 TBARS 가를 나타내었다. 미생물 변화에서 총 균수는 저장 3일에 함수율 6% 처리구에서 4.04, 8% 처리구 4.12, 10% 처리구 4.56 <TEX>$logCFU/cm^2$</TEX>로 함수율이 증가할수록 약간씩 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. E. coli 수는 저장 3일에 함수율 6% 처리구에서 0.93, 8% 처리구 1.40, 10% 처리구 1.28 <TEX>$logCFU/cm^2$</TEX>로 함수율이 낮을수록 감소하였다. 이러한 경향은 coliform 수에서도 비슷한 경향을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 포장 닭고기에서 함수율이 증가함에 따라 육색이 달라지고, 지방산패도가 증가할 뿐 아니라 미생물 증식이 활성화 되는 것으로 나타나 포장 닭고기에 대한 함수율은 낮을수록 유통 중에 저장성이 향상될 것으로 사료된다. This study was performed to evaluate change of lipid oxidation, microbes, and color of chicken meat containing 6, 8, and 10% of water uptake rate(WUR) during cold storage. pH of chicken containing 6, 8, and 10% of WUR showed 6.00, 6.04, and 6.05%, at day 3, respectively. Lightness(<TEX>$L^*$</TEX>) of chicken containing 6, 8, and 10% of WUR was 73.40, 75.27, and 75.31, at day 3, respectively. Redness(<TEX>$a^*$</TEX>) of chicken with 10% of WUR was 2.52, which was the highest value, while no difference was found between chicken with 6 and 8% of WUR. Yellowness(<TEX>$b^*$</TEX>) of chicken containing 6, 8, and 10% of WUR was 4.31, 4.33, and 4.36. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) value of chicken containing 6, 8, and 10% of WUR was 0.107, 0.104, and 0.113 mg malondialdehyde/kg meat. The higher WUR, the higher TBARS value was shown. Total microbial number of chicken with 6, 8, and 10% of WUR was 4.04, 4.12, and 4.56 <TEX>$log\;CFU/cm^2$</TEX> at day 3. E. coli of chicken with 6, 8, and 10% of WUR was 0.93, 1.40, and 1.28 <TEX>$log\;CFU/cm^2$</TEX>. From this result high WUR increases <TEX>$L^*$</TEX> value, TBARS, and microbes of chicken meat during storage. Therefore, lower WUR would be beneficial to extend shelf life of chicken meat during storage.

Effects of Fucoxanthin Addition to Ground Chicken Breast Meat on Lipid and Colour Stability during Chilled Storage, before and after Cooking

Effects of fucoxanthin (FX), a major carotenoid in algae, on lipid peroxidation and meat colour in ground chicken breast meat were investigated. FX and/or α-tocopherol (Toc) were added to ground samples at a content level of 200 mg/kg. The samples were subjected to a chilling storage test before and after cooking. In the storage test before cooking, neither FX nor Toc affected the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) on days 1 and 6, and FX decreased the L* value and increased the a* and b* values. In the storage test after cooking, both FX and Toc decreased TBARS values on days 1 and 6. FX decreased the L* value and increased the a* and b* values, similar to what occurred in the storage test before cooking. Based on these results, we concluded that FX is a potent ingredient for improvement of the appearance and shelf life of chicken meat and its products. (Key Words : Fucoxanthin, Chicken Breast Meat, Lipid Peroxidation, Meat Colour, α-Tocopherol)

Irradiation dose control of chicken meat processing with alanine/ESR dosimetric system

Irradiation of foodstuff is a well-known food preservation technique. In Brazil spices are already irradiated for sanitary and preservation reasons. Chicken meat is an important commodity; Brazil is the second largest world producer and the largest world exporter. The shelf-life of chicken meat is limited by the presence of micro-organisms and enzyme activity and together with other preservation techniques irradiation seems to be an attractive option. In this study the dose delivered to frozen chicken cuts was measured and compared with the prescribed value. Chicken breast cuts were analyzed for 39 days for their microbiological activity, chemical and organoleptic properties. Cylindrical dosimeters were prepared using the weight composition of 80% of DL-alanine (Sigma Co), used without any further treatment except drying, and 20% of paraffin. The dosimeters having 4.7 mm diameter and 12 mm length were inserted in a build-up cap. Dosimeters were placed inside cardboard boxes containing frozen chicken breast cuts, packed in styrofoam trays wrapped with plastic film. The boxes were irradiated in an industrial 60Co irradiator (Nordion JS 7500) with a dose rate of 4 kGy/h. First derivative ESR signals were obtained in a VARIAN E-4 spectrometer operating at X-band ( ν ≈ 9 GHz ) and equipped with a rectangular cavity (TE-102, model E-231). The cavity was constantly purged with dry nitrogen and modulated at 100 KHz with 0.5 mT peak to peak. A calibration curve was made for a few dosimeters from the same batch and used to obtain the dose from the ESR signal intensity. A batch of six boxes was irradiated at each experiment with prescribed doses of 1.5, 3.0 and 7.0 kGy. Considering that the larger the radiation dose the greater is the probability of finding a product with its sensorial characteristics altered (odor of burned meat), we conclude that a dose of 3 kGy would be more adequate, taking into account the microbiological and sensorial aspects.