Shatsk National Research Articles

ON THE POSSIBILITY OF IDENTIFYING PEATLAND FEATURES USING REMOTE SENSING DATA

Considering the useful properties of peat as an alternative fuel source, a study of the properties of the vegetation and water indices of the red edge, as well as water indices calculated on the basis of spectrometry of ground vegetation cover over peatlands, was conducted. The study was carried out in the Shatsk National Natural Park and at the Bortnychi Aeration Station near the Dnieper River. Experiments in Shatsk National Park were conducted in 2010 using the ASD Field Spec 3FR spectroradiometer with the application of Sentinel-2 satellite images acquired in 2019 and 2021. The vegetation consisted mainly of sedge (Cares riparia), with confirmation of the presence of peat in this area. The experiments were also conducted at the Bortnychi Aeration Station on the left bank of the Dnieper. The vegetation indices such as REP, TCI, and NDVI705 were studied to classify the land cover using the satellite images data. In addition, other vegetation indices were used, such as NDVI, EVI, SIPI, as well as indices indicating moisture and plant photosynthesis. The NDVI and EVI indices provided valuable results for the identification of peatlands. Modified chlorophyll index CLm is calculated for the red edge of the spectrum, similarly to NDVI and EVI. The average value of the REP for the test points in both areas was similar and indicates the possible presence of peatland. The data analysis also confirmed the identity of peatland features in both areas. The high correlation of indices between these territories confirms this identity. Thus, vegetation indices can be used to determine the boundaries of peatlands and identify Carex riparia, which is one of the indicators of peatlands.

Diversity of mollusc communities in some aquatic habitats of Shatsk Lake Area

Background. The paper presents the results of an original research on groups of freshwater molluscs in some water habitats of Shatsk Lake Area. The Shatsk National Nature Park belongs to the Volynian Polissia according to physical and geographical zoning. Aesthetic appeal, clear water, clean sandy lake bottoms, pine forests, etc., are attracting more visitors to the park every year. The recreational value of the Shatsk National Nature Park in the summer season is significant. The high anthropogenic load accelerates the intensity of eutrophication of lakes and promotes the overgrowth of the shores with macrophytes, which eventually leads to an increase in the density of the macrobenthos, in particular the malacofauna of the lakes. Material and Methods. Research was conducted in the summer period of 2013–2014 and 2018–2020 on some water bodies of the Shatsk National Nature Park with different trophic state including Lakes Svityaz, Pisochne, Lyutsymer, Krymne, Ostrivyanske and Somynets. Results. Freshwater molluscs are convenient subjects for water pollution stu­dies because they are good indicators of habitat quality. Svityaz and Pisochne Lakes belong to slightly mesotrophic water bodies, which are actively used for recreational purposes. Among water bodies under study, Lake Svityaz is characterized by the most significant species diversity of molluscs (23 species). Lakes Lyutsymer and Krymne are mesotrophic water bodies exposed to a high anthropogenic load. The largest number of bivalve molluscs of the genera Unio and Anodonta is characteristic of Lake Lyutsymer, while in Lake Krymne, the lowest species diversity of malacofauna (13 species) was observed. Lakes Ostrivyanske and Somynets are mesotrophic shallow water bodies. We detected a significant increase in the species composition of molluscs in these lakes during the research period. Conclusions. The research of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the malacofauna revealed an increase in the number and species diversity of molluscs. In addition, the spread of an invasive New Zealand snail Potamopyrgus antipodarum to new water bodies on the territory of Shatsk Lake Area has been recorded.

Rare and poorly known spider species of the Volhynian Polissia (Ukraine)

State of knowledge about spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from the Volhynian Polissia, which is located within the Volyn and Rivne oblasts of Ukraine, were analyzed. According to the literature-derived data, araneofauna of this region consists of 285 species. More than 250 of them were listed from the Shatsk National Nature Park of the Volyn oblast and 75 from Lva-Stvyga inter-river area of the Rivne oblast. These studies cover the extreme western and eastern points of the region, while the main part of the territory remains unexplored. Based on the analysis of published data and in accordance with unpublished material of my own collection, six rare and poorly-known species of spiders of the Volhynian Polissia were singled out, namely Argyroneta aquatica (Clerck, 1757), Lathys heterophthalma Kulczyński, 1891, Gnaphosa nigerrima L. Koch, 1877, Micaria micans (Blackwall, 1858), Zelotes exiguus (Müller & Schenkel, 1895) та Erigonoplus foveatus (Dahl, 1912). Among them, Lathys heterophthalma is first mentioned from Ukrainian Polissia, Micaria micans – from Ukraine. For each of species, a brief description of the distribution in the world and in Ukraine, as well as environmental preferences are given, localities within the Volhynian Polissia are described and highlighted on the map. Analysing these data, we can assume that the number of records of species such as Argyroneta aquatica, Erigonoplus foveatus and Zelotes exiguus will certainly increase when the territory of Polissia is more fully covered by research. Two species, Lathys heterophthalma and Micaria micans, are known from single localities. However, Micaria micans as a separate species is considered only from 2020. Therefore, it is necessary to revise the available material of Micaria pulicaria, which was previously considered a senior synonym to Micaria micans, and to accumulate new data on the distribution of those two species not only in Ukraine but also in Europa. Gnaphosa nigerrima, requires monitoring of populations because it occurs in oligotrophic sphagnum bogs, the area of which has been steadily declining in recent decades. From this point of view, it should be included in the list of rare species of animals in the region.

CLASSIFICATION OF WATER-BOGGY AREAS OF ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE OF SHATSK NATIONAL NATURAL PARK

The article is devoted to substantiation of approaches and development of classification of wetlands on the example of the territory of Shatsk National Nature Park. Wetlands perform functions related to the hydrological, biochemical processes that take place in them, and provide habitats for fauna and flora, as well as produce agricultural products and provide biocorridors between isolated objects of nature reserves, separate ecosystems that support biodiversity are used as objects for training and recreation. The highest hierarchical level has the function of maintaining the ecological stability of wetlands, which includes all processes, including the contradictory ones that take place in them. at the internal, local, regional, global levels. To maintain the ecological stability of wetlands at all levels, it is necessary to conduct an inventory of them, the purpose of which is to collect information about their location, area, types, subtypes, conditions, condition, use and values. The obtained information serves as a basis for substantiation and development of the methodology of classification of wetlands of Ukraine. Classification of water-boggy areas of economic significance has to become the base for building up enlarged impartial informational basis of data for the state of surroundings and its use with the aim to preserve biological and genetic variety, nature protection, scientific investigation and studies. Considering the requirements of Ramsar convention there new methodological approaches were suggested in the classification of water-boggy areas of economic significance which provides with the formation of their multilevel classification distinguishing them according to: the types – by their origin, subtypes – by the functions they fulfill, classes – by their mission, subclasses – by their functioning. Suggested classification of water-boggy areas of economic significance envisages the division into two types: natural that includes three subtypes and seven classes, artificial which includes two types and seven classes.

Preliminary list of some Aculeata (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea, Pompiloidea, Vespoidea, Apoidea) of the Shatsk National Natural Park (Volyn Region, Ukraine)

A preliminary checklist of Chrysididae, Mutillidae, Pompilidae, Vespidae, Sphecidae, Crabronidae, and Apoidea of the Shatsk National Natural Park are provided. Among 139 currently registered species, 56 species are recorded for the park territory for the first time, 5 species are listed in the Red Data Books of Ukraine, Belarus, and Poland, and 83 species belong to IUCN categories. One invasive species (Isodontia mexicana) was found in Volyn Region for the first time.

137 Cs contaminations in wild-growing medicinal plants of Zhytomyr polissya forests: A 34 years after Chernobyl accident

The contamination of 137Cs in wild-growing medicinal plants was studied with regards to the species, type of forest vegetation conditions and soil specific activity of 137Cs in Zhytomyr polissya forest phytocenoses (Ukraine). The research was carried out in two plots planted in the most region typical edatopes - fresh and wet subor (Querceto-Pinetum). Species composition of phytocenoses was analyzed and the plants that can be harvested for pharmaceutical industry were identified on these test plots,. The herbal substance samples were tested to determine the specific activity of 137Cs. The studies have shown significant variability in the content of radionuclides due to differences in the level of radioactive contamination in the soil and accumulative capacity of plant species. For European blueberry, the peculiarities of 137Cs accumulation in vegetative and generative organs were studied. Comparison of the content of 137Cs in pants of different edatopes showed more higher intensity of radionuclide accumulation in wet suborbs compared to fresh suborbs. The average values of concentration factors were calculated and their rankings were built according to the intensity of 137Cs accumulation for the plants in each edatope. All studied medicinal plants were divided into four groups according to the contration factor: with weak accumulation, moderate accumulation, strong accumulation, and very strong accumulation. Based on the permissible content of 137Cs in wild-growing medicinal plants (600 Bq/kg), the maximum permissible level of soil contamination with radionuclides was determined for each medicinal plant species.

Shallowing of the Svityaz Lake in the context of regional climate change

The paper analyzes the dynamics of the main climatic indicators in order to reveal the role of regional and local factors in the current changes in the water content of the Svitiaz Lake (NW Ukraine). The current state of study of the water balance of the lake and the factors that form it are estimated. The main trends for changes in the levels and regime of surface water, groundwater and artesian water in the territory of the Shatsk National Nature Park are identified. Quantitative data characterizing long-term and modern changes in water levels in the lake are presented. Shallowing of 2019 is characterized (the lowest water level over the last 50 years, reduction of the water mirror area by 8%). Based on statistical mathematical and cartographic analysis of climatic data provided by 17 meteorological stations in the region the dynamics of average annual, monthly and seasonal precipitation, evaporation and their spatial distribution were estimated. A significant increase in evaporation during the warm period of the year over the last decades (2000-2018) has been revealed. Changes in the amount and mode of precipitation over 2 long-term periods are estimated. The peculiarities of the dynamics of the main meteorological indicators in 2019 (average monthly and average annual air temperatures, relative humidity, precipitation amounts) were separately analyzed. Values of humidity coefficients and hydrothermal coefficients were calculated. The parts of the region with the lowest values of these indicators, including the catchment area of Lake Svityaz, are outlined and visualized on the map. The significant role of evaporation growth was confirmed given the consistent increase in air temperatures over the last 20 years. Given the Svityaz station data it is also calculated the correlation coefficients of water levels in the lake with the same indicators for the period since 1970. During the period of 2000-2018, a significant increase in the dependence of water levels on the hydrothermal coefficient of Selyaninov was established, which may indicate a decrease in the ecological stability of the lake and its increasing vulnerability to climate change.

Щільність популяцій деяких базидіальних грибів за умов радіоактивного забруднення та ураження патогенами в лісових екосистемах

The radiologically, ecologically and biologically safe mushroom raw materials are necessary to create some environmentally friendly bioorganic stimulators of plant growth and development and many other products. Therefore, we researched the population density of Ganoderma lucidum (Curt.: Fr.) P. Karst., Agaricus bisporus (J.E.Lange) Imbach, Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. ex Fr.) P.Kumm, Armillariella mellea (Vah1. ex Fr.) Karst., whitch are often used to create plant growth stimulants, in their natural habitat under conditions of radioactive contamination and pathogen damage. The study was conducted in six biogeocenoses: Shatsk National Natural Park (Volyn Oblast, Ukraine), Regional Landscape Park «Islands of Izmail» (Odessa Oblast, Ukraine), around the urban-type settlement of Kornyn (Zhytomyr Oblast, Ukraine), around the village of Korolivka (Zhytomyr Oblast, Ukraine), around the village of Lysivka (Zhytomyr Oblast, Ukraine), around the city of Vyshhorod (Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine). Pathogens were identified by standard mycological, bacteriological and virological methods. Radiocesium contamination density of soil, as a parameter of radioactive contamination, was determined by spectrophotometric method. The highest population density of Ganoderma lucidum was in Regional Landscape Park «Islands of Izmail». In this biogeocenosis, G. lucidum was almost not affected by pathogens, and radiocesium contamination density of soil was 18.5 kBq/m2. Agaricus bisporus and Armillariella mellea grew in biotopes with high radiocesium contamination density of soil. For example, in forest ecosystems around the city of Vyshhorod, where the average radiocesium contamination density of soil was 111.0 kBq/m2, population density of A. mellea was 0,39 fruit bodies per m2. At the same time, 15% of A. mellea in this biogeocenosis were affected by various pathogens. Thus, the use of wild mushrooms as raw materials should be preceded by testing for biological and radiological contamination.

Ступінь вивченості й сучасний стан гніздових поселень баранця великого Gallinago media на заході України

In the paper, we describe the state of knowledge of the Great Snipe population in Western Ukraine since 19 century. Almost to the middle of the XX century, the state of knowledge about this species and the size of the surveyed territory, especially within the borders of Western Polissia, were considered as insufficient. This was caused by the cryptic behavior of the species, its nocturnal activity, and generally by low population size and ra­rity. We analyzed a significant amount of ornithological resources devoted to observations of Great Snipe in Western Ukraine, which indicate historically low population size and scarcity of distribution of the species in the study area. According to the literature sources, studies of Great snipe were somewhat intensified in the XX century. At the same time, different authors pointed out drainage works in the Polissia area, as a negative factor that drives the decrease in Great Snipe numbers in the area. or even caused complete extinction in some regions. The main range of the species in the area was still localized in the Polissian part of Volyn and Rivne regions, especially in valleys of Prypiat, Turia, Tsyr and Lva rivers. At the end of XX and the beginning of XXI intensive studies of Great Snipe were conducted on the territory of Shatsk National Nature Park, where during 10 years of studies, seasons with an increase of local population were reported, but in general negative tendency was detected and the proposal to include the species into the national red list was published. Our recent studies focused on the species, allowed us to discover new lekking places of Great Snipe. Therefore, the actual information on current numbers and distribution of the species in the region of Western Ukraine is presented. Besides leks, places of occasional observations are also mentioned, which increases the information load of the paper regar­ding the current distribution of the species in the western part of the country. The current population size is estimated as 100 lekking males, based on the total sum from all known leks. We suppose, that the real population size in the region of Western Ukraine can reach 150–200 lekking males.

Influence of Triaenophorus nodulosus invasion on morphobiological parameters of European perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) in Shatsk National Nature Park reservoirs

It was conducted comprehensive ichthyological and ichthyopatological research of European perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) populations in lakes of Shatsk National Nature Park and the impact of Triaenophorus nodulosus invasion on its size, weight and reproductive ability. Morphometric analysis, absolute and relative fecundity of fish were determined by the methods generally accepted in ichthyology. Clinical examination of fish (2,225 specimens, including European perch -1650 specimens) was performed during control catches. Simultaneously, the weight, size, and age of the fish were determined. Morphometric analysis was performed on 120 specimens of perch with the length of 104.4-194.8 mm and the weight of 16.4-177.6 g. Pathoanatomic autopsy of the fish was performed in the field and laboratory conditions. Parasitological studies were performed by the method of incomplete parasitological analysis. The extent and intensity of the invasion were determined. When conducting research on the parasitofauna of native fish species in the lakes of the Shatsk National Nature Park, it was found their infestation with helminths of various systematic positions (Triaenophorus nodulosus, Khawia sinensis, Raphidascaris. acus, and Philometroides lusiana). Perch was the most infected with the helminths. The invasion caused by the plerocercoid of Cestoda T. Nodulosus was the most intensive (18.2-56.3%, depending on the reservoir). There was a significant difference in the measurements of non-infested and infested with T. nodulosus fish individuals of the same age, we also registered significant lag in growth and a decrease in body weight among the infested specimens. A steady trend towards a decrease in fecundity parameters was also observed in infested fish. Thus, in non-infested individuals of 4-year perch, the highest individual absolute fecundity (IAF) was 6.7 thousand eggs against 3.1 thousand eggs in the infested perch (Lucimer lake). The lowest IAF – 3.9 thousand eggs against 2.0 thousand eggs in the infested perch specimesn was found in Chorne Velyke lake. In non-infested individuals of 5-year perch, the highest IAF index was 9.4 thousand eggs when compared to 6.8 thousand in the infested perch (Pulemetske lake). The lowest IAF was 6.3 thousand eggs (Chorne Velyke lake). The highest IAF was recorded in perch from Pulemetske lake (34.6 thousand eggs in non-infested versus 10.3 thousand eggs in infested specimens). The lowest IAF was observed in perch from Chorne Velyke lake (9.1 and 6.6 thousand eggs, respectively). There was decrease in fish size, weight and fecundity in perch infested with Tr. nodulosus, but it did not affect the reproductive fish ability.

The phenomenon of the 100-year Professor Stepan Stoyko – a famous Ukrainian environmental preservationist

An article describes the multifaceted practice of the professor, doctor of biological sciences Stepan Stoyko who celebrated 100 years on the 14th of March 2020. Professor continues his work on Ukrainian environmental, ethnographic, cultural and historical heritage preservation. The scientific work of Professor Stepan Stoyko covers many areas: the preservation of biodiversity, ecosystems, culture, and historical heritage, forest ecology, floristics, the biology of wood species, forest terminology, conservation of virgin forests, the history of science, geosozology, harmonisation of the relationship between society and nature, rationalisation of the nature management. This research became the basement for a list of active measures in the field of rationalisation of the renovation and conservation of the natural resources in the Carpathian Mountains. Professor Stoyko became a famous pedagogue in Ukraine and beyond borders. Stepan Mykhailovych is fluent in seven foreign languages. Under the professor's supervision, 13 postgraduates prepared and defended their dissertations in biology, geography, forest crops. Three of them became doctors of science. In 70-s years of the XX century professor Stoyko, for the first time, among universities in the Western region of Ukraine, began to teach an academic course “Nature preservation” for students of geography faculty at Ivan Franko Lviv National University. Stepan Stoyko has played an important role in the preservation of the unique ecosystems of the Western region of Ukraine. Professor Stoyko personally was engaged in the justification of the Carpathian Biosphere Reserve, Nature Reserve of “Roztochchia”, Carpathians National Park, Shatsk National Park, Uzhanskyi National Park, Synevyr National Park, Yavorivskyi National Park, National Park of “Skolivski Beskydy”, regional landscape parks of “Nadsianskyi” and “Ravske Roztochchia” and many smaller natural reserves. Thanks to the efforts of the Professor the transborder biosphere reserves of “Eastern Carpathians”, “Roztochchia”, “Western Polissia” were created. Professor Stoyko justified the need for preserving nature and developing the historical landscape reserves within the areas where, important for Ukraine, historical events happened. Including the ethnographical reserves in Hutsul region, Boyko region and Lemko region. Professor Stoyko believes that the philosophy of each intelligent person is to create kindness for your nation. He considers that the intelligent person has to raise the Ukrainian national consciousness. And he posits the day of the proclamation of Ukrainian independence as the brightest in his life. Until now, professor Stoyko is actively publishing his scientific works in different publications, writes monographs, consults the young scientists and lectors, participates in scientific conferences and writes articles in the media. Key words: nature protection, ethnocultural heritage preservation, geosozology, nature conservation.

ОСНОВНІ АСПЕКТИ МОРФОМЕТРІЇ ТА ГІДРОХІМІЇ ШАЦЬКИХ ОЗЕР

The purpose of the study was to identify the modern morphometric characteristics of Shatsk Lakes (Volyn Polissya, Ukraine), to implement their typology according to the area of the water mirror and average depths, to establish the type of water by salinity. For research, materials from the Shatsk National Nature Park, literary and archival sources, and the results of our own research were used. The typification of Shatsky Lakes was carried out in accordance with the requirements of the Water Framework Directive of the European Union (EU WFD) according to the methodology adopted in Ukraine for the determination of surface and groundwater masses. The following parameters of the lakes were studied: the area of the water mirror; average depth; height location; type of geological formations occurring in a given area. There are 28 lakes on the territory of Shatsk Lakes District (the list is given in the article) with a total area of about 61.31 km2 and a water mass of 312.8 million m3. The area of the lakes ranges from 0.01 km2 to 26.21 km2. There are 23 lakes within the territory of the Shatsk National Natural Park. In addition to the well-known large and medium-sized lakes, which attract recreants most of all, very small dystrophic water bodies with an area of 0.01-0.18 km2 (15 lakes) stand out. Over the past 80 years, their parameters have decreased by 2 times (shallowing, overgrowing). Such lakes are at the extinction stage, which requires the use of technical means to restore and maintain their stability. The share of such lakes is 50% (for example, Piyavochne, Ozertse, Navrattya, Krugle, Dovge, Gerasymove, Klymivske, Male Pischanske, etc.). They have already lost their natural state. Such lakes are at the extinction stage, which requires the use of technical means to restore and maintain their stability. They have already lost their natural state.The Shatsk lakes were typified by the water mirror area in accordance with the requirements of the EU Water Framework Directive and showed that there are 2 large lakes (Svityaz and Pulemetskoye). The share of lake types is as follows: large – 7%; medium – 22%; small – 18%; very small – 53%. According to the typology of the EU WFD, according to the average depth, only two types of lakes are distinguished in the Shatsky group: medium depth – 14%; small – 86% of the lakes. There are no deep lakes. According to the main ions, the water of the lakes is bicarbonate-calcium with mineralization in the range from 116 mg/dm3 (Pisochne) to 305 mg/dm3 (Velyke Chorne). In the water of Lake Svityaz mineralization takes an intermediate position – 198.8 mg/dm3.

ГОЛОВНИЙ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКИЙ ВОДОДІЛ В УКРАЇНІ ТА ЙОГО ТУРИСТИЧНЕ ЗНАЧЕННЯ

Objective: On the basis of general geographical analysis to reveal the tourist potential of the Main European watershed on the territory of Ukraine. Method. General scientific methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization as well as cartographic methods by the means of GIS have been used. Results:The peculiarities of the geographical location of the Main European Watershed on a European scale have been analyzed. New facts from the history of its research have been presented. A hypsometric profile along the watershed line has been constructed, its morphometric parameters have been determined. With the help of detailed cartographic analysis, the Ukrainian section of the Main European Watershed line has been identified. Its location in relation to the physical and geographical zoning has been determined. A regional analysis of tourist facilities attractiveness on the watershed line has been conducted. Cross-border and domestic transport opportunities for access to the watershed line have been assessed. The coordinate reference of the most important orohydrographic elements - the points of watersheds intersection of large transboundary rivers basins: Danube, Vistula, Dniester, Dnieper, as well as their tourist significance have been specified. Possibilities of tourist use of nature reserve fund objects which are located on the watershed line have been revealed, in particular of such national natural parks, as Uzhanian National Nature Park, Boikivschyna National Nature Park, Yavorivskyi National Park, Northern Podillia, Shatsk National Natural Park. The importance of the watershed for sustainable (ecologically oriented) tourism development in international biosphere reserves: "The Eastern Carpathians" (Slovak-Ukrainian-Polish), "Roztochia" (Ukrainian-Polish), "Western Polissya" (Polish-Ukrainian-Belarusian) has been demonstrated. Touristic assessment of historical and cultural sites located on the watershed line has been conducted. The importance of the city of Lviv as a separate tourist destination has been emphasized. Environmental problems related to the development of tourist resources have been outlined. Selected tourist clusters of the destination have been identified, the possibilities of their use have been revealed. The Main European Watershed specifics in general tourist resources classification have been emphasized. Scientific novelty: For the first time, the Main European Watershed has been considered as a separate integrated tourist destination, its detailed geographical analysis has been performed, and a cluster approach has been used to assess the tourist resources located on the watershed line. Practical significance. The results of the study will contribute to the integration process of Ukraine into the European tourist area, give impetus to new tourist routes planning, promote the development of tourist resources of national natural and regional landscape parks, support tourist clusters planning and developing.

Malacofauna of Svityaz and Pisochne Lakes in Shatsk National Nature Park and the role of molluscs in formation of cercarial dermatitis nidi

Malacofauna of Svityaz and Pisochne Lakes in Shatsk National Nature Park and the role of molluscs in formation of cercarial dermatitis nidi

Genetic diversity in population systems of green frogs (Pelophylax esculentus complex) in waterbodies of Western Ukraine

The results of the analysis of the genetic structure in population systems of green frogs on the territory of Lviv and Volyn regions are presented. The material was collected in 2011–2012 in water bodies representing three nature regions of Ukraine – Forecarpathians, Roztochia, and Western Polissia. Three taxonomic groups of green frogs were in a focus of the study: Marsh frog – Pelophylax ridibundus (Pallas, 1771), Pool frog – Pelophylax lessonae (Camerano, 1882) and their hybrid – Edible frog – Pelophylax esculentus (Linnaeus, 1758). DNA was extracted from 91 individuals and analyzed using of 10 pairs of primers: Rrid059, Rrid082, Rrid171, Res5, Res14, Res16, Res22, RlCA1b5, RlCA18, RlCA19. A majority of those are highly polymorphic and diagnostic for species identification. During the analysis, we used programs based on principles of Bayesian statistics and Monte-Carlo Markov Chain algorithms: Structure, BAPS, and NewHybrids. Linkage groups were searched using the GenePop software, and hidden null-alleles were detected using Micro-Checker program. For the first time, in the studied area the genetic structure of populations and population systems were described. After the analysis of genetic diversity of frogs sampled from the Pelophylax ridibundus population and from hemiclonal population systems of mixed R-E-L type, we found that the smallest genetic diversity is observed in the population of Marsh frog from the Nyzhankovychi area (Forecarpathians). More diverse are hemiclonal population systems of green frogs sampled in water bodies of “Cholgynskyi” ornithological reserve (Ukrainian Roztochia) and Shatsk National Nature Park (Western Polissia). Also, for the first time, the hybrid composition of studied localities is described. Hybrids of the first generation (F1) and backcrosses were detected in water bodies of Shatsk National Nature Park and ornithological reserve “Cholgynskyi”.

Ecological description of rare species of plants of Cheremskyi nature reserve included in international Red Lists

Purpose. Ecological description of rare species of plants of Cheremskyi nature reserve included in international Red lists and their distribution on territory of the Volyn area as of 2016. Methods. Comparatively-geographical, analytical, generalization, ystematizations, and also cartographic with the use of the computer programs of MapInfo Professional 8,0. Results. On the basis of analysis of the natural preservation network of the Volyn area certainly, that 3 objects of natural reserve fund have a most area on Volyn: Shatsk National Nature Park, National Nature Park “Prypiat – Stokhid” and Kivertsi Nаtional Nature Reserve «Tsuman Virgin Forest» in addition after an area Cheremskyi nature reserve is distinguished natural reserve thati s only on Volyn. It is in these objects of nature reserve fund is most of the species included in International Red Lists. It grows 6 species listed in Annex 1 of the Berne Convention (Aldrovanda vesiculosa L.), (Cypripedium calceolus L.), (Liparis loeselii (L.) Rich.), (Pulsatilla Latifolia Rupr. Pulsatilla), (Thesium ebracteatum Hayne), (Dicranum viride (Sull., Lesq.) Linbd.). Also grows 4 species listed in the IUCN Red List, European Red List: Crataegus ucrainica Pojark), (Cypripedium calceolus L.), (Silene lithuanica Zapal), (Tragopogon ucrainicus Artemcz). Species of plants included in to Annex 1 of the Berne Convention and Red list of the International union of conservancy, widespread as early as 4 landscape wildlife preserves, 1 to the forest wildlife preserve, 3 botanical wildlife preserves, 1 zoological wildlife reserve, and 3 botanical monument of nature, a total in 15 objects of nature reserve fund located throughout the region. Conclusions. Thus, analyzing the state of distribution in the Volyn region of the flora Cheremskyi nature reserve listed in the International Red Lists found that species growing within 15 separate nature protection objects that are not part of other objects of nature reserve fund, but the status and protection of rare form not always corresponds main goal, as the vast majority of them located within the forests where the active economic activity, therefore proposed a number of optimization measures.

Dynamics of <sup>137</sup>Cs contamination in some components of ecosystems of Shatsk national nature park

The results of the research of changes radioactive caesium contamination for soils and some types of berries and mushrooms from the territory of Shatsk National Natural Park (Volyn region, Ukraine) in 1994-2012 are presented. A small effect of migration processes on the reducing of radionuclides content in the top 20-sm layer of the soil of the park was noted. The main role its natural decay is played here. 137Cs contamination of plants was decreased faster than the soil in which they grow. This fact was associated with a decrease of availability of the present in the top soil layer radionuclide to absorption by plant roots through its fixation on the soil complexes. The rate of reduction over time of radioactive caesium content in the leaves of blueberry is more than two times higher than for the soil on which plants grow. A similar trend for radionuclide contamination of mushrooms is not observed.

Топічні зв'язки канюка звичайного Buteo buteo L. (Aves: Falconiformes) у Рівненському природному заповіднику, Шацькому національному природному парку та на суміжних територіях

Топічні зв'язки канюка звичайного Buteo buteo L. (Aves: Falconiformes) у Рівненському природному заповіднику, Шацькому національному природному парку та на суміжних територіях

Синантропізація флори та біотопів Шацького національного природного парку

Синантропізація флори та біотопів Шацького національного природного парку

Some Hazards to Biodiversity and Ecological State of the Hydroecosystems of the Shatsk National Natural Park

The ecological state of the lakes of the Shatsk National Natural Park and the main components of their biodiversity were studied during the period of investigations. The main existing and potential, inner and transboundary hazards to the ecosystems of the Shatsk lakes were assessed.