Shared World Research Articles

Review of Axel Seemann, the shared world: Perceptual common knowledge, demonstrative communication, and social space, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2019

Review of Axel Seemann, the shared world: Perceptual common knowledge, demonstrative communication, and social space, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2019

A Look at Intercultural Communication as the Interaction of Lifeworlds and Overcoming the Crisis of Trust

The article is devoted to the scientific heritage of Andrei Yakovlevich Bolshunov, a thinker, scientist, and mentor who made an outstanding contribution to science and didactics. The article examines the role of intercultural communication in the sociocultural sphere as a basic one for other spheres of society’s life, including politics, education, science, and economics. In this paper, we presented the authors’ model of intercultural communication in the sociocultural sphere in the form of a map of the lifeworlds. Under the term ‘lifeworld’, we understood by the authors as an intersubjective shared everyday world of the individual. Analysis of the relationship between sociocultural lifeworlds in dynamics makes it possible to ascertain the presence of transformations, decentrations, reassembly of social, global tensions. Overcoming the crisis of confidence, reducing international tension, according to the authors, is possible through the creation of a common global lifeworld. Finally, we propose a specific practices that contribute to creating a space of intersubjectively shared meanings, deliberative activities based on the model of absolute hospitality and the circulation of gifts.

Poétique et enjeux d’un cosmopolitisme transmigratoire

«How do new arrivals and their hosts [...] build a shared world? What vision of contemporary cosmopolitanism can literature offer us?» This article explores these key questionsby examining the notions of «ordinary cosmopolitanism» (Agier, 2019) and « shared world» (Tassin, 2003) in order to define the concept of «transmigratory cosmopolitanism». Moreover, through studying two works, Mur Méditerranée by Louis-Philippe Dalembert (2019) and Les Lumières d'Oujda by Marc Alexandre Oho Bambe (2020), we aim to show that a pragmatic approach to poetry is used in order to engage the reader and present an image of cosmopolitanism: a resolutely transversal, action based concept; a far cry from the usual identity politics and inequal power dynamics, condescending attitudes and national obsessions which strives to construct the world both collectively and politically.

DASEIN AND ἦΘΟΣ: DO VALUES EXIST?

The article considers M. Heidegger’s deconstruction of the metaphysical foundations for the moral philosophy of modern times. Heidegger’s interpretation of Aristotle (together with an analysis of early Christianity) offers an original version of ontology combined with ethics. In such optics, Being and Time, like Nicomachean Ethics, is an ethical treatise: it is also based on an understanding of human ethos (from the Greek ἦθος, “temper, character, nest”) and reveals the characteristics of life structured by “proper”. During the Age of Enlightenment (17th–19th centuries), a paradigm shift occurred in the field of practical philosophy, associated with the transition from ethics (that is, ethos as a form of life with its practical and normative dimensions) to moral concepts based on individualism and the distinction between facts and values. The split between ontology and the teachings of morality made impossible any rational substantiation or justification of ethics. Unlike modernist theories of morality, which attempt to express impartial and value-free principles of individual behavior, Heidegger explores the conditions for the possibility of changing lifestyles. His understanding of ethics can be interpreted in an Aristotelian context, in which life in society (that is, being in a “shared world”) determines the ontological conditions that make ethical action possible. The philosopher reveals the existence of Dasein in the context of a certain perfectionist understanding: two modes are found in it, one of which is obviously more valuable (or perfect) than the other – at least due to a wider perspective and deep self-understanding. The fulfillment of “ethics” means revealing an individualizing (“owned”) way of disclosing the world, what implies sensitivity to the call of Being and a readiness in the midst of the world to transform one’s finiteness in order to become a “genuine” member of the historical community. In the ontological structure of Dasein, such way of being is fulfilled in special revealing “moods” (πάθη), which are not reducible either to empirical sensibility or to cognitive functions. The factual enactment of ethical values is expressed in resoluteness, steadfast adherence to the chosen historical heritage, sensitivity to all aspects of the existential situation. These characteristics of revealing “moods” form a list of metacultural virtues that are the basis for mutual understanding and dialogue between representatives of various “ethoses” of a fragmented society.

Dynamic Sensor Matching based on Geomagnetic Inertial Navigation

Optical sensors can capture dynamic environments and derive depth information in near real-time. The quality of these digital reconstructions is determined by factors like illumination, surface and texture conditions, sensing speed and other sensor characteristics as well as the sensor-object relations. Improvements can be obtained by us- ing dynamically collected data from multiple sensors. However, matching the data from multiple sensors requires a shared world coordinate system. We present a concept for transferring multi-sensor data into a commonly ref- erenced world coordinate system: the earth’s magnetic field. The steady presence of our planetary magnetic field provides a reliable world coordinate system, which can serve as a reference for a position-defined reconstruction of dynamic environments. Our approach is evaluated using magnetic field sensors of the ZED 2 stereo camera from Stereolabs, which provides orientation relative to the North Pole similar to a compass. With the help of inertial measurement unit informations, each camera’s position data can be transferred into the unified world coordinate system. Our evaluation reveals the level of quality possible using the earth magnetic field and allows a basis for dynamic and real-time-based applications of optical multi-sensors for environment detection.

Creative collaboration within heterogeneous human/intelligent agent teams

As we move towards a world that is using machine learning and nascent artificial intelligence to analyse and, in many ways, guide most aspects of our lives, new forms of heterogeneous collaborative teams that include human/intelligent machine agents will become not just possible, but an inevitable part of our shared world. The conscious participation of the arts in the conversation about, and development and implementation of, these new collaborative possibilities is crucial, as the arts serve as our best lens through which we can explore the full spectrum of potential possibilities and futures. Through the complex relationships formed through heterogeneous human/intelligent agent collaboration, we are given the opportunity to re-examine some of our assumptions and suppositions of teamwork and forms of relating and thinking within a group environment.

A Posthumanist Reading of Geological Agency in “The Domain of Arnheim”

ABSTRACT This article proposes a posthumanist reading of Edgar Allan Poe’s story of “The Domain of Arnheim” and argues that posthumanism redefines the narrator’s sense of attachment to the shared world. The first part of the article compares two styles of landscape-gardening and the preference of the posthumanist model over the anthropocentric model implies the narrator’s endeavor to build a new relationship with the environment in which multiple species form a respectful and harmonious symbiosis. To reach this posthumanist world, the narrator proposes the descent of anthropocentrism and ascent of non-human agency. The insertion of human history into the evolutionary time of the Earth repositions men in the world and amplifies human awareness of geological forces of nature. Together the cooperation of human beings and geological agents have created an idealized landscape-garden.

A Shared World

A Shared World

Modernidad y anarquía: sobre lo colectivo en las crónicas de Rafael Barrett

Along with its notion of ​​progress, the project of modernity is regularly criticized by environmental thinkers. However, at different times in the 20th century, some conceptions emerged that see in this project the possibility, ultimately, of achieving full integration between nature and humanity. This article presents the reflections of the Spanish-Paraguayan anarchist and modernist chronicler Rafael Barrett (1876-1910) with the aim of presenting the elements of an environmental thought as part of the modern project. The article begins with key concepts of modernity present in Barrett's chronicles. From then on, I propose a dialogue with Bruno Latour's notion of "the collective" and two possible readings of Barrett's work that turn out to be contradictory: while he considers a common and shared world between human and non-human beings, he locates human being in a hierarchical position that enables them to make decisions about other living beings. Finally, he proposes the anarchist notion of individuation as one that transcends the contradiction and that allows to affirm this hierarchical place to achieve integration with nature.

Disoriented and Alone in the “Experience Machine” – On Netflix, Shared World Deceptions and the Consequences of Deepening Algorithmic Personalization

Abstract Most online platforms are becoming increasingly algorithmically personalized. The question is if these practices are simply satisfying users preferences or if something is lost in this process. This article focuses on how to reconcile the personalization with the importance of being able to share cultural objects – including fiction – with others. In analyzing two concrete personalization examples from the streaming giant Netflix, several tendencies are observed. One is to isolate users and sometimes entirely eliminate shared world aspects. Another tendency is to blur the boundary between shared cultural objects and personalized content, which can be misleading and disorienting. A further tendency is for personalization algorithms to be optimized to deceptively prey on desires for content that mirrors one’s own lived experience. Some specific – often minority targeting – “clickbait” practices received public blowback. These practices show disregard both for honest labeling and for our desires to have access and representation in a shared world. The article concludes that personalization tendencies are moving towards increasingly isolating and disorienting interfaces, but that platforms could be redesigned to support better social world orientation.

The rhetoric of ecology in the post-apocalyptic cinematic landscape

Contemporary post-apocalyptic films portray a world ravaged by ecological catastrophes, and humanity on the brink of extinction. Such films echo the urgent environmental discourses of the Anthropocene, while offering instances of a post-anthropocentric perspective and the new subject-formations it engenders. The article argues that the central rhetorical device that generates an ecocritical perspective in such films is the post-apocalyptic landscape. Cinematic space shapes the meaning of all films, and this is even more emphatic when setting is transformed into landscape (Lefebvre 2006). What is more, in the post-apocalyptic films, the landscape becomes the main site of the films’ “rhetorical enviromentality” (McMurry 2017). The article examines the post-apocalyptic landscape in I Am Legend (2007) and Mad Max: Fury Road (2015) and how it articulates the entangled relation between humans and the collapsing world that surrounds them. Using Rosi Braidotti’s (2013) post-human theory, I contend that these cinematic landscapes hint at an “eco-philosophy of multiple belongings” (Braidotti 2013, 49) and enact “a process of redefining one’s sense of attachment and connection to a shared world” (Braidotti 2013, 2019). Ultimately, I conclude that the affective appeal of these landscapes implicates the viewer in post-anthropocentric perspectives, thus prompting new modes of environmental consciousness.

What Is That To You?

What Is That To You?

MicrothingsChain: Blockchain-based Controlled Data Sharing Platform in Multi-domain IoT

The vision of the Internet of Things (IoT) is creating an open and shared world connected to everything, making people’s lives more smart, convenient, and efficient. Currently, there are various isolated IoT applications developed by different IoT manufacturers for a single specific function. The IoT nodes are classified into different administrative domains according to their affiliation, resulting in a multi-domain IoT environment. In order to realize the true IoT vision with multi-domain data sharing, this paper introduces a multi-domain IoT data sharing architecture based on blockchain to address the current phenomenon of information isolation. A control approach including capability-based cross-domain access control and risk-based access control in a domain is proposed to ensure the security of full data sharing processes. With these properties, diverse isolated applications can constitute a whole system for secure data exchange.

Dialogical Breakdown and Covid-19: Solidarity and Disagreement in a Shared World

This article considers the limitations, but also the insights, of Gadamerian hermeneutics for understanding and responding to the crisis precipitated by the Covid-19 pandemic. Our point of departure is the experience of deep disagreements amid the pandemic, and our primary example is ongoing debates in the United States about wearing masks. We argue that, during this dire situation, interpersonal mutual understanding is insufficient for resolving such bitter disputes. Rather, following Gadamer’s account of our dialogical experience with an artwork, we suggest that our encounter with the virus gives rise to new ways of seeing and experiencing ourselves and the world. Further, we draw on Gadamer’s account of the fusion of horizons to show how even competing perspectives on wearing masks arise within a shared space of meaning created by the virus. These insights provide hope for an improved model of political dialogue in the world of Covid-19.

Educação superior em tempo de precarização

Este trabalho apresenta como os docentes percebem as mudanças das condições de trabalho, assumindo a precarização e considerando o cenário a partir dos anos 1990, observando as especificidades das IES públicas e privadas de Salvador/BA e analisando os dados primários coletados através do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Percebeu-se que após a reforma gerencialista, onde a Universidade assumiu a lógica hegemônica, o discurso se torna único. Assim, verificou-se o desengajamento em relação a um mundo compartilhado que impede a criação de laços duradouros, favorecendo a obsolescência de valores como responsabilidade, respeito e solidariedade por parte dos professores analisados.

AI Tools Boost Simple Technologies in a Shared World

AI Tools Boost Simple Technologies in a Shared World

Extinction, education and the curious practice of visiting thrombolites

The Earth is in the midst of a recent acceleration in the rate of species extinction and the unravelling of ecological communities. The authors think with the emerging field of Extinction Studies to explore educational approaches to ecological endangerment and extinction. Using a notion of visiting as ‘curious practice’, we story encounters between the authors, young children and the endangered Noorook Yalgorup-Lake Clifton thrombolites and their ecological community in south-western Australia. These visits were not intended to teach about extinction or the thrombolites. Rather, our aim was to generate pedagogical insights through approaching the threatened thrombolites and their environment with curiosity, openness and attentiveness, and framed by perspectives that trouble human exceptionalism and Western dualisms. Guided by Haraway’s notion of ‘staying with the trouble’, we argue this approach to encountering extinction generates insights into learning and living with ecological crisis in our shared world. Specifically, that for educators and children to relearn the world and their place in it, educators must enable new senses, meanings, perspectives and stories to populate the Earth and for this to occur they should listen with openness to, and think with, children.

Schizophrénie et rétablissement : analyse phénoménologique d’un cas de retrait positif

ObjectivesThe recovery paradigm has emerged in mental health over the last thirty years, referring to the subjective and dynamic process by which a person achieves a satisfying life, relying on his/her strengths, his/her values, and the very experience of his/her psychiatric illness. The understanding of the experience of people living with schizophrenia and engaged in a path of recovery is undermined by an objective and categorical psychiatric approach, targeting symptoms and deficits to be compensated. We propose a phenomenological approach to a clinical situation of positive withdrawal, as developed by Corin and Lauzon, as a form of recovery for the schizophrenic subject, in order to shed light on the first-person experience of what psychiatric semiology refers to as negative symptoms, apragmatism and social withdrawal. MethodWe develop the single case of Sam, 39 years old man who has been treated for schizophrenia for about 10 years. He talks about his “spiritual schizophrenia”, which has in the past generated a demon above his head guiding his aggressive behaviors. Since he was discharged from hospital three years ago, Sam has become an “ordinary person” again, according to him. His daily routine is ritualized by a weekly activity at the day hospital, daily nursing visits at home, television, and visits from two friends on weekends. He explains that he needs peace and quiet around him and like to be aware of his neighbourhood and village lives and events. He listens to his spiritual guides and his gift of clairvoyance, which predicted him, more happiness from his forties onwards by getting a job and by a love encounter. We propose a phenomenological analysis of his experience of recovery and positive withdrawal. ResultsSam's embodied experience was previously characterized by a confusion between the intentional and sensitive flesh (Leib) and the objectified body (Körper), disembodied and materialized as if on the outside by a demon on top of his head. Today, it seems to be re-articulated in a dialectic harmony between Leib and Körper. Sam inhabits his body in an embodied life, as an interface between himself, his history and the world. His relationship to space is characterized by the paradox of an opening to the shared world by keeping a distance from others. Sam gets punctually and cyclically involved in selected spaces that do not require any intimate social commitment, and stays on the lookout, from his home, for events in his neighborhood, his village, and world news. The Others participate in his distant integration into the community: his link with the mayor of the village validates his identity as a fully-fledged citizen, his family regularly invoked in his self-narrative is kept at a distance by monthly digital contacts, the neighbor's daily life must not be disturbed under penalty of divine punishment, etc. Sam claims a necessity of calm both inside and outside, as a support for a controlled intersubjectivity allowing the reconstruction of the self. Finally, the patient's temporality is structured by patience. À slow-now allows him to synchronize private and public paces. His esoteric beliefs give meaning to the cyclical repetition of events; his spiritual guides direct his life trajectory, promising him professional and relational dynamism from the age of forty. ConclusionÀ phenomenological approach as close as possible to the subjective experience of the person living with schizophrenia has made it possible to break loose from the social withdrawal symptom pointed out by psychiatric semiology. Positive withdrawal, as an active positioning of the subject both inside and outside the society, illustrates a process of recovery from the illness. By supporting an identity reconstruction through a dialectical tension between proximity and distance with the Other and the world, positive withdrawal reveals the importance of considering the paradoxical shape of recovery processes. It invites clinicians to free oneself from normative interventions motivated by a restrictive psychiatric empiricism.

COVID-19, comics, and the visual culture of contagion

The COVID-19 pandemic is inescapable. From curtailing our daily social and professional interactions, locking down or physically distancing our communities, and drawing our anxious attention to daily updates of international case and death statistics, the lived experience of the pandemic is at once personal, local, and global. It is also a shared experience that emphasises, through the pandemic's pervasive disruption, the social interactions and behaviours that define our shared world. One cultural response to the disruption and uncertainty during an infectious disease outbreak is the construction of what Priscilla Wald terms the “outbreak narrative”, a formulaic plot that serves to shape our collective understanding of a pandemic.

Christoph Durt, Thomas Fuchs, and Christian Tewes (eds): Embodiment, enaction and culture: investigating the constitution of the shared world

The following is a review of Embodiment, Enaction and Culture. Investigating the Constitution of the Shared World. Edited by Christoph Durt, Thomas Fuchs, and Christian Tewes. MIT Press, 2017.