Body Shape Research Articles

Advanced resistance exercise combined with aerobic rehabilitation training on cardiopulmonary function

Chronic diseases are the number one killer in the world today, and the most common cause of chronic diseases is lack of exercise. Research on the application of artificial intelligence technology in the medical field can shorten the distance between clinical best practice and practical application, and promote the standardized management of clinicians according to specifications. In this paper, three different exercise methods, continuous aerobic, anaerobic, and control, were used to conduct a 12-week study. This paper discussed the effects of three different forms of exercise on the body shape, body composition, and metabolism of patients with chronic diseases, and discussed the intervention effects of the same exercise mode in different periods (0–6 weeks, 6–12 weeks), to provide a theoretical basis for more effective and targeted choice of exercise intervention programs. Through training load, training frequency, training sequence, training interval, and other factors, a training plan can be designed. To avoid mistakes, experts often try to do some items that are prone to mistakes, especially lung function measurement. The scores of self-care, extraction, standing, occupation/housework, social activities, and total scores were significantly lower than those before intervention (P < 0.01). Advanced resistance kinetic energy can significantly improve the exercise and cardiopulmonary function of patients with various types of chronic diseases. Advanced resistance kinetic energy can significantly promote the strength and explosive force of the shoulder, waist, and back muscles in chronic patients, and can significantly promote the muscle adaptability of the shoulder, waist, and back muscles in chronic patients.

The Abdominal Adiposity Index (A Body Shape Index) Predicts 10-Year All-Cause Mortality in Elderly Active Non-Obese Subjects

Background/Objectives: A Body Shape Index (ABSI), which accounts for waist circumference relative to mass and height, shows a robust association with mortality risk. The present study evaluates the effectiveness of ABSI as a predictor of 10-year all-cause mortality in physically active, non-obese elderly individuals. Methods: This prospective cohort study included 159 volunteers (94 women, aged 60–80 years), recruited in the frame of the “Physical Activity and Nutrition for Great Ageing” (PANGeA) Cross-border Cooperation Program Slovenia–Italy 2007–2013, and followed for 10 years. Baseline characteristics included anthropometric measurements, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and cardiovascular fitness tests (VO2max). Statistical analyses (Cox regression, Kaplan–Meier survival) were conducted to examine the relationship between ABSI and mortality. Results: During the 10-year follow-up, 10 deaths (6.7%) were recorded. ABSI (adjusted for age, smoking, comorbidities, and therapy) was an independent predictor of mortality (hazard ratio = 4.65, p < 0.001). Higher ABSI scores were linked to reduced VO2max (r = −0.190, p = 0.017) and increased systolic blood pressure (r = 0.262, p = 0.001). An ABSI-based predictive model showed strong discriminatory power (AUROC = 0.91). Conclusions: ABSI is a reliable predictor of 10-year mortality in active, non-obese elderly individuals and may improve risk stratification in clinical practice.

Do Swedish rock-climbers exhibit more eating disorder and body dissatisfaction symptoms than non-climbers? A cross-sectional study

ObjectivesThe inclusion of rock-climbing in the Olympic Games has increased participation in the sport and attention to athletes' health. In sports where the importance of low body weight is considerate,...

Detection of body shape changes in obesity monitoring using image processing techniques

Body measurements are primarily made with a tape measure. In measurements taken with a tape measure, the inability to take measurements from the same part of the body each time, incorrect positioning of the tape measure, the occurrence of incorrect measurements, and the need for a person to take the measurements are significant problems in the traditional measurement method. Due to the social distancing rule that must be followed during the Covid-19 pandemic, the close contact between the person to be measured and the person taking the measurement became the starting point of this study. This study focuses on the detecting body shape changes using image processing techniques with 2D imaging. The novelty of the work is that non-contact body measurements are taken more accurately and reliably using the cosine theorem. Regular monitoring of obese patients is important in combating obesity, which is also the source of many health problems. In the monitoring of obese patients, it is necessary to determine the rate of slimming in areas where fat accumulation is intense. The error margin between the real measurements of human models and the calculated measurements was calculated as an average of ± 5.16% for waistline and an average of ± 4.58% for hip size. The cosine theorem was used instead of the ellipse formula used in the literature, and it was observed that the cosine theorem obtained results closer to reality. It is also thought that the developed system will be beneficial not only for extracting body measurements but also for extracting body measurements contactless in the textile sector. The study demonstrates the feasibility of image processing for non-contact body anthropometry and shape tracking.

Influence of physical activity on the epigenetic clock: evidence from a Japanese cross-sectional study

BackgroundBiological age, especially epigenetic age derived from the epigenetic clock, is a significant measure of aging, considering the differences in aging rates among individuals. The epigenetic clock, a machine learning-based algorithm, uses DNA methylation states to estimate biological age. Previous studies have reported inconsistent associations between physical activity (PA) and the epigenetic clock, especially second-generation clocks such as PhenoAge and GrimAge. This study aimed to clarify this relationship using cross-sectional data from Japanese participants aged 40–69.MethodsWe used two datasets from the Saga J-MICC study, of which 867 samples were available for analysis. DNA methylation data from peripheral blood samples were used to calculate the epigenetic age using the epigenetic clocks PhenoAge and GrimAge. PA and sedentary time were measured using a single-axis accelerometer, while self-reported PA, sedentary time, and covariates were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. The association between PA or sedentary time and epigenetic age acceleration was assessed using multiple linear regression.ResultsPearson's correlation coefficients between accelerometer-based and self-reported PA variables ranged from 0.09 to 0.20. Multivariable regression analysis showed that accelerometer-based PA and sedentary time were associated with epigenetic age decelerations and accelerations, respectively. However, self-reported PA was not associated with the epigenetic age accelerations.ConclusionsThese results indicate that reducing sedentary time and increasing PA were associated with slowing both PhenoAge and GrimAge, even in East Asian populations with different exercise habits, body shapes, and lifestyles. This study highlights the potential of objective second-generation epigenetic age acceleration as an outcome index for healthcare interventions and clinical applications.

TSAE-UNet: A Novel Network for Multi-Scene and Multi-Temporal Water Body Detection Based on Spatiotemporal Feature Extraction

The application of remote sensing technology in water body detection has become increasingly widespread, offering significant value for environmental monitoring, hydrological research, and disaster early warning. However, the existing methods face challenges in multi-scene and multi-temporal water body detection, including the diverse variations in water body shapes and sizes that complicate detection; the complexity of land cover types, which easily leads to false positives and missed detections; the high cost of acquiring high-resolution images, limiting long-term applications; and the lack of effective handling of multi-temporal data, making it difficult to capture the dynamic changes in water bodies. To address these challenges, this study proposes a novel network for multi-scene and multi-temporal water body detection based on spatiotemporal feature extraction, named TSAE-UNet. TSAE-UNet integrates convolutional neural networks (CNN), depthwise separable convolutions, ConvLSTM, and attention mechanisms, significantly improving the accuracy and robustness of water body detection by capturing multi-scale features and establishing long-term dependencies. The Otsu method was employed to quickly process Sentinel-1A and Sentinel-2 images, generating a high-quality training dataset. In the first experiment, five rectangular areas of approximately 37.5 km2 each were selected to validate the water body detection performance of the TSAE-UNet model across different scenes. The second experiment focused on Jining City, Shandong Province, China, analyzing the monthly water body changes from 2020 to 2022 and the quarterly changes in 2022. The experimental results demonstrate that TSAE-UNet excels in multi-scene and long-term water body detection, achieving a precision of 0.989, a recall of 0.983, an F1 score of 0.986, and an IoU of 0.974, significantly outperforming FCN, PSPNet, DeepLabV3+, ADCNN, and MECNet.

Black shale high geological background potential toxic elements(PTEs) in middle reaches of the Yangtze River tributary basin water environment, China: Distribution, pollution sources, and risk assessment

As a typical high geological background area in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River tributary basin in China, the Loushao Basin in Hunan is covered with high mineral black shale, with an average element value 4.76–8.97 times higher than the world average rock level. The aim of this study is to analyze the water environment pollution in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River tributary basin under high geological background based on the spatial distribution differences of black shale concentration. PCA source analysis is used to track the source of pollution and highlight the differences in body shape to assess regional health risks. The research results show that Cd in water quality exceeds the background value by 7.5 times. There is a strong homology among Pb, Cd, Cr, As, and Hg elements in water bodies, mainly derived from the natural weathering, migration, and enrichment of rocks. Hg element is a pollution caused by human factors, and water pollution is more severe in areas close to high concentrations, with severe exceedance of Cr element in water quality. The main controlling factor for individual health risk differences is body shape, and men's health is more susceptible to threats.

A Multi-View Real-Time Approach for Rapid Point Cloud Acquisition and Reconstruction in Goats

The body size, shape, weight, and scoring of goats are crucial indicators for assessing their growth, health, and meat production. The application of computer vision technology to measure these parameters is becoming increasingly prevalent. However, in real farm environments, obstacles, such as fences, ground conditions, and dust, pose significant challenges for obtaining accurate goat point cloud data. These obstacles lead to difficulties in rapid data extraction and result in incomplete reconstructions, causing substantial measurement errors. To address these challenges, we developed a system for real-time, non-contact acquisition, extraction, and reconstruction of goat point clouds using three depth cameras. The system operates in a scenario where goats walk naturally through a designated channel, and bidirectional distributed triggering logic is employed to ensure real-time acquisition of the point cloud. We also designed a noise recognition and filtering method tailored to handle complex environmental interferences found on farms, enabling automatic extraction of the goat point cloud. Furthermore, a distributed point cloud completion algorithm was developed to reconstruct missing sections of the goat point cloud caused by unavoidable factors such as railings and dust. Measurements of body height, body slant length, and chest circumference were calculated separately with deviation of no more than 25 mm and an average error of 3.1%. The system processes each goat in an average time of 3–5 s. This method provides rapid and accurate extraction and complementary reconstruction of 3D point clouds of goats in motion on real farms, without human intervention. It offers a valuable technological solution for non-contact monitoring and evaluation of goat body size, weight, shape, and appearance.

Features are more than just filling in the blanks on body size scales

ABSTRACT Despite widespread misperceptions of body size and shape, the specific visual features influencing such judgments remain unclear. This study assessed the contribution of internal body features (e.g., colour, shading) to the accuracy of female body size judgements and whether that contribution varies with body size. Using a bodyline task, 100 female participants evaluated images of female bodies, either depicted as real bodies including internal features (feature stimuli) or images of bodies as silhouettes only (silhouette stimuli). The results showed greater overall errors in body size estimation for silhouettes compared to full feature images. However, the direction of error differed for large and small bodies: small silhouettes were judged larger than their full-feature counterparts, while large silhouettes were judged smaller. These findings emphasize the importance of internal body features in shaping perceptions of female body size and highlight the complexity of judgement accuracy across different body sizes.

Understanding Fitness Trends in the Virtual Age: A Content Analysis of TikTok Workout Videos

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine the content of workout videos on TikTok. A sample of 297 TikTok workout videos was coded for demographic factors and body shape of content creators, as well as the presence of body positivity messaging, appearance-related messaging, and other relevant themes. The results suggest that TikTok workout content is often presented in a time-lapse format with little verbal instruction, which may make it difficult for viewers to perform the exercises. The majority of the videos depicted young women with athletic bodies and other characteristics associated with culturally based beauty ideals, and approximately half of the videos included non-White content creators. Approximately a quarter of the videos in the sample included objectification and a smaller proportion of the sample included messages about inner positivity. Overall, the TikTok platform may provide underrepresented individuals opportunities to seek out workout content from a more diverse group of instructors; however, the fact that many of these videos including objectifying depictions of the content creators is concerning. Further experimental work is needed in order to more fully elucidate the effects of TikTok workout videos on viewers.

National Trends in the Prevalence of Self-Perceived Overweight Among Adolescents Between 2005 and 2022: Nationwide Representative Study.

Despite several studies on self-evaluation of health and body shape, existing research on the risk factors of self-perceived overweight is insufficient, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to identify the risk factors affecting self-perceived overweight and examine how the prevalence of self-perceived overweight has changed before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, we analyzed the impact of altered lifestyles due to COVID-19 on this phenomenon. The data used in the study were obtained from middle and high school students who participated in the Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (N=1,189,586). This survey was a 2-stage stratified cluster sampling survey representative of South Korean adolescents. We grouped the survey results by year and estimated the slope in the prevalence of self-perceived overweight before and during the pandemic using weighted linear regression, as well as the prevalence tendencies of self-perceived overweight according to various risk factors. We used prevalence ratios to identify the risk factors for self-perceived overweight. In addition, we conducted comparisons of risk factors in different periods to identify their associations with the COVID-19 pandemic. The prevalence of self-perceived overweight was much higher than BMI-based overweight among 1,189,586 middle and high school participants (grade 7-12) from 2005 to 2022 (female participants: n=577,102, 48.51%). From 2005 to 2019 (prepandemic), the prevalence of self-perceived overweight increased (β=2.80, 95% CI 2.70-2.90), but from 2020 to 2022 (pandemic) it decreased (β=-0.53, 95% CI -0.74 to -0.33). During the pandemic, individuals with higher levels of stress or lower household economic status exhibited a more substantial decrease in the rate of self-perceived overweight. The prevalence of self-perceived overweight tended to be higher among individuals with poor academic performance, lower economic status, poorer subjective health, and a higher stress level. Our nationwide study, conducted over 18 years, indicated that self-perceived overweight decreased during the COVID-19 period while identifying low academic performance and economic status as risk factors. These findings suggest the need for policies and facilities to address serious dieting and body dissatisfaction resulting from self-perceived overweight by developing counseling programs for adolescents with risk factors such as lower school performance and economic status.

The evolutionary and ecological convergence of the raccoon and raccoon dog: A perfect storm of invasive species in Europe

AbstractThis paper initially describes the evolution of body shape in the raccoon (Procyon lotor) and the raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides). I explain how their similarities are the result of convergent evolution, the process by which unrelated organisms come to resemble one another in form, function, or both. This is the first examination of this phenomenon in these two species. In addition, I consider how their convergent traits and habits as omnivores have contributed to their astounding success as invasive species in Europe. Problems have arisen from these introductions, including impacts on prey species. Considering their broad adaptability as “stout” shaped mesocarnivores should aid in understanding their behavior and ecology, and could assist in addressing their management in Europe. Last, I offer suggestions for the control of raccoons given their compensatory versus additive mortality patterns, a practice that may also have implications for the regulation of raccoon dog populations.

The association between food insecurity and obesity, a body shape index and body roundness index among US adults

Research has established a positive association between food insecurity and obesity, typically assessed by body mass index (BMI); However, studies examining the relationship between food insecurity and measures of body fat content and distribution are lacking. The aim of this study was to examine the association between food insecurity and obesity ([BMI] ≥ 30 kg/m2) and body fat indicators assessed by body roundness index ([BRI] > 6.72) and a body shape index ([ABSI] > 0.08). This is a cross-sectional study using NHANES data 2007–2020. Household food security was assessed by U.S. Food Security Survey Module questionnaire. Multivariable-adjusted binary logistic regression analyses were used to calculate odds ratios and 95% CIs. Compared to those with full food security, the adjusted ORs for obesity were 1.28 (95% CI:1.18, 1.39), 1.40 (95% CI:1.28, 1.53), and 1.43 (95% CI:1.30, 1.57) for those with marginal, low and very low food security, respectively. The corresponding ORs for high BRI were, respectively, 1.39 (95% CI:1.26, 1.52), 1.50 (95% CI:1.36, 1.66), and 1.60 (95% CI:1.43, 1.78). Similar results were observed for ABSI. The analyses of BMI suggested a potential sex difference, as significant associations were found in women, but not in men. This study confirms previous evidence of the positive association between food insecurity and obesity among US adults.

Research on design thinking of pleated clothing inspired by fractal geometry

PurposeThis paper summarizes the design thinking of pleated clothing, uses virtual software to simulate the pleated clothing process and clothing effect and applies the fractal geometry principle to conduct relevant experiments, which verifies the possibility of simulation software assisting pleated clothing design, improves research and development efficiency, lays a foundation for future process parameter collection to upgrade the pleated clothing database and realizes the diversity of digital innovative design of pleated clothing.Design/methodology/approachAccording to the principle of self-similarity and fractal dimension in fractal geometry, the design thinking of pleated clothing is put forward and the simulation folding of 3D digital technology is expanded. The design method takes traditional craft and digital technology as an example. The two-dimensional design thinking of pleated clothing is geometric crease thinking of fabric swatch and geometric expansion of basic clothing pattern. Three-dimensional modeling design thinking, such as based on the human body shape, geometric shape and folding mode. As well as digital design thinking, such as the angle of the fabric element and the perspective of garment pattern change.FindingsThis paper analyzes the Y structure of the similar shape “binary tree” in origami art, the principle of infinite folding with 45? As the unit and the point set capacity theory of Cantor concentric circles in the fractal dimension principle expands the design thinking of pleated clothing, applies a large number of experimental cases of design thinking inspired by the fractal geometry of pleated clothing and validates the possibility of simulation software assisting pleated clothing design.Research limitations/implicationsWe argue here that digital technology should continue to be used in a similar way for research and development in other clothing design-related processes in the future. When it comes to the possibilities for digital innovation in relation to pleated clothing, there is a lack of data for modeling the characteristics of such clothing and establishing the processing requirements. Thus, there is scope here for innovation breakthroughs in terms of both the art and the technology associated with clothing design, not to mention how the two are integrated. This paper has laid some potential foundations for this through its elaboration of fractal-inspired design in the context of pleated garments.Practical implicationsNumerous experiments were undertaken and digital simulation software was used to explore various potential designs in the paper. This confirmed the possibility of using simulation software to assist in the design of pleated clothing, which offers the scope for improved research and more efficient development. However, if the processing parameters for changes in the pleated fabric are not set in the software, it is impossible to automatically generate auxiliary clothes. The collection of processing parameters and the creation of a more comprehensive pleated clothing database should therefore be the focus of future research.Social implicationsThe paper is oriented toward future clothing design. There is some impact on research, practice and/or society. This opens up the possibility of using fractal geometry in the design of the folds and dimensional energy in pleated clothing. On the whole, the innovation point is clear and the idea is novel. By seeking the principles of science and technology, sensing the infinite possibilities, improving the design efficiency and inspiring innovative design thinking methods, in order to meet the diversity and personality needs of the external shape of the human body.Originality/valueThe concave and convex texture of pleated fabric is geometric and decorative. It has a direct reference value for pleated clothing design by using the concepts of partial and whole in fractal geometry and the quantity and energy conversion in fractal dimension space. Due to the influence of clothing intelligent manufacturing policy, there is a lack of data sorting for the modeling characteristics and process requirements of pleated clothing, and there is innovative design thinking that needs to be integrated with technology and art, which lays a foundation for the future collection of process parameters to upgrade the pleated clothing database.

Accelerated Data Engine: A faster dataset construction workflow for computer vision applications in commercial livestock farms

Large-scale, high-quality dataset was the foundation of developing advanced artificial intelligence applications. However, creating such a benchmark dataset in a professional field, such as precision management of animals, was always a challenge because of the costly and labor-intensive process of annotation and review. This study introduced a novel workflow named Accelerated Data Engine (ADE), designed to efficiently produce representative and high-quality computer vision datasets from raw animal surveillance footage. By incorporating referring and grounding models (R&G models) as auto-annotators, along with a distillation mechanism for dataset-auditors, ADE significantly speeded up the dataset construction process. The new workflow received natural language inputs as referrals to identify animal instances, delineated their body shapes, and then refined the auto-annotated data through a selection process. To demonstrate the efficacy of ADE, three 30-minute surveillance video samples featuring pigs, sheep, and cattle were discussed in this study. The results indicated the R&G models effectively annotated animals across various farms, while distillation mechanisms could identify various detection errors, balance the data representations, refine annotations, and verify the data quality. Two high-quality cattle datasets (6.5 k and 486 frames), including 26 k and 2.5 k cattle instances, were generated through the ADE workflow from 24-hour surveillance videos on a commercial cattle farm and made publicly available. The proposed dataset has achievable performance between 74.6 %∼84.1 %. The ADE workflow saved 78.4 % of manual work compared to the traditional dataset construction workflow (approximately 141 h). This pioneering approach empowered the fast creation of benchmark animal datasets and would enhance computer vision applications in the livestock production industry in the future.

Can Consumers Judge the Freshness of Fish from Visual Cues? A Case Study of Japanese Consumers

In contemporary markets, fish are frequently wrapped in cling film, necessitating consumers’ reliance on visual cues to assess freshness. This study explores whether common Japanese consumers can accurately discern fish freshness based solely on visual information. We conducted an online experiment with 529 randomly selected participants in Japan by asking them to select the freshest fish from photographs of horse mackerel with varying freshness levels. In order to elucidate the mechanism of freshness detection, we conducted principal component analysis on the quantified body color and shape data. Additionally, we measured physical characteristics such as lipid contents, gloss, length, and weight of the fish. This study examines the correlation between these visual cues and consumers’ judgments, revealing the accuracy of visual indicators used by consumers in daily assessments of fish freshness. These findings suggest that a portion of Japanese consumers can correctly identify the freshness of fish based on appearance. They primarily rely on the brightness of the fish’s eyes and specific color combinations of the body to judge freshness, with the shape of the fish having less impact. Comparing the selection frequency between high- and low-accuracy participants, we observed that a low accuracy in freshness detection was not solely due to a lack of sensitivity to signals from photographs, but may also result from a misinterpretation of these signals by consumers.

Effects of health at every size based interventions on health-related outcomes and body mass, in a short and a long term.

This study aims to provide rapid and up-to-date evidence on the effectiveness of Health at Every Size (HAES) interventions compared to controls or other conventional approaches in individuals with overweight or obesity, with the goal of developing more effective and body-diverse respectful strategies. A review of literature was carried out using the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and SciELO. Research articles were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Extracted data included study characteristics (design, setting, population demographics, sample size, intervention characteristics, study duration, and follow-up period) and health-related outcomes. The search yielded 324 articles, of which 20 articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The majority of studies focused on lifestyle improvement, particularly in nutrition, body image, and relationships with food, utilizing a HAES approach. Additionally, other studies examined outcomes such as general well-being, body weight, body composition, cardiovascular risk, and changes in physical activity. Long-term results were particularly noted in studies incorporating physical activity interventions. HAES interventions appear to be a feasible strategy for promoting overall health and wellness, regardless of body size or shape. However, further evaluation is needed to assess the sustainability of these changes and their long-term impact, as current evidence suggest a they may not be maintained over time.

Health-Related Quality of Life in Rugby Athletes: The Role of Dietary Supplements and Their Consumption.

This study investigates dietary supplement use among rugby players and their general health, focusing on prevalence and underlying motivations. Involving 92 athletes, it examines the relationship between supplement usage, motivations, and health outcomes using the 36-item Short Form Health Survey and a 24-item ad hoc questionnaire. Findings reveal a high frequency of supplement usage, motivated by desires to enhance performance, appearance, and mood. Significant differences in health-related quality of life are found between users and non-users, particularly in mental health, social functioning, and emotional stability. Motivations like performance enhancement and body shape manipulation were linked to altered health perceptions, indicating the psychosocial impacts of supplementation. This study emphasizes the need to consider the holistic effects of supplements on athlete well-being, advocating for a balanced approach prioritizing both physical and mental health. It calls for increased awareness among athletes, coaches, and sports professionals about the potential risks and benefits of supplement use and the importance of informed decision-making. Additionally, it highlights the need for further research to understand the mechanisms of supplement use and its impact on athlete health, aiming to enhance sports science and promote overall athlete well-being in competitive environments.

Association between "a body shape index" (ABSI) with periodontitis in a hypertension population from the NHANES 2009-2014.

A body Shape index (ABSI), defined as waist circumference (WC)/(body mass index (BMI)2/3 × height1/2), is unique in that the ABSI is positively associated with visceral obesity and is independent of BMI. The ABSI has also been shown to be positively and linearly correlated with the amount of visceral adiposity in the general population and with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, it is uncertain whether ABSI is associated with periodontitis in hypertensive patients. A cross-sectional study of 2,482 hypertensive patients (mean age 65.2 ± 9.1 years) was conducted using the ABSI Z score, periodontitis as a dichotomous variable, the ABSI Z score as a continuous variable, and multiple covariates such as age, gender, and race. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, multiple regression model, subgroup analysis with EmpowerStats (version 4.2), and curve transformation plots were generated. In multiple regression model analysis, ABSI Z score showed a significant positive association with periodontitis in the hypertensive population in all three models. When ABSI Z score was divided into low, moderate, and high three groups, we observed that those with the highest ABSI Z score had a 20% increased risk of periodontitis among people with hypertension (OR 1.2; 95% CI 1.0, 1.5; p = 0.046). We used smooth curve fitting to confirm the results and found that these results were still supported, and additional subgroup analyses showed that the positive association between ABSI Z score and periodontitis in hypertensive population was stable and consistent in the general population. The present cross-sectional investigation showed a positive association between ABSI Z score and periodontitis in a hypertensive population.

Hubungan Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) dan A Body Shape Index (ABSI) dengan Tekanan Darah pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran

Prehypertension is a condition that can increase the risk of developing hypertension and lead to various diseases such as cerebrovascular disease, coronary artery disease, and chronic kidney disease. Lifestyle factors significantly influence blood pressure, with obesity being one of the key risk factors for prehypertension. Obesity can be assessed using anthropometric measurements such as Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR) and A Body Shape Index (ABSI). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between WHR and ABSI with prehypertension among male students at the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia. The study employed an analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The respondents consisted of active male medical students from the class of 2019–2021, with data collected using random proportional-to-size sampling. Among the 74 respondents, 28.4% had normotensive blood pressure, while 71.6% exhibited elevated blood pressure. Regarding WHR, 28.4% of respondents had values indicating a risk of hypertension, and for ABSI, 25.7% of respondents had values indicating similar risks. Bivariate analysis revealed a significant relationship between WHR and ABSI with prehypertension (p = 0.024, p = 0.045). In conclusion, this study found a significant association between WHR and ABSI with prehypertension among male medical students at the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia.