Shape Files Research Articles

Land use change detection and prediction using Markov-CA and publishing on the web with platform map server, Case Study: Qom Metropolis, Iran

To achieve sustainable development, detailed planning, control and management of land cover changes that occur naturally or by human caused artificial factors, are essential. Urban managers and planners need a tool that represents them the information accurate, fast and in exact time. In this study, land use changes of 3 periods, 1994-2002, 2002-2009, 2009-2015 and predictions of 2009, 2015 and 2023 were assessed. In this paper, Maximum Likelihood method was used to classify the images, so that after evaluation of accuracy, amount of overall accuracy for images of 2013 was 85.55% and its Kappa coefficient was 80.03%. To predict land use changes, Markov-CA model was used after assessing the accuracy, and the amount of overall accuracy for 2009 was 82.57% and for 2015 was 93.865%. Then web GIS application was designed via map server application and evoked shape files through map file and open layers to browser environment and for design of appearance of website CSS, HTML and JavaScript languages were used. HTML is responsible for creating the foundation and overall structure of webpage but beautifying and layout design on CSS.

Effect of XP-endo Shaper versus conventional rotary files on postoperative pain and bacterial reduction in oval canals with necrotic pulps: a randomized clinical study.

To assess postoperative pain and bacterial reduction following the use of XP-endo Shaper versus conventional rotary files in preparation of oval canals with necrotic pulps. This superiority, parallel, randomized, double blinded clinical trial was conducted in the clinic of the Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt. Sixty single-canalled mandibular premolars with necrotic pulps were randomly assigned into two equal groups. Canals were instrumented using XP-endo Shaper files in the intervention group and iRaCe rotary files in the control group. Bacterial samples were taken before and after canal instrumentation. Incidence and severity of postoperative pain was assessed using a modified VAS after 6, 12, 24h and daily for 5days. A culture method was used to assess the number of bacterial colony forming units. Incidence of analgesic intake as well as flare-ups was recorded. Data were analysed using chi-square, Fisher Exact, Mann-Whitney, Independent t-test, and Spearman's correlation for pain and bacterial counts. The XP-endo Shaper compared with the iRaCe group was associated with a significantly lower incidence of postoperative pain at 6, 12, and 24h (P=0.039, 0.047, and 0.026, respectively), and severity of postoperative pain at 6h (mean difference: 1.33, 95% CI: 0.307-2.352, P=0.02), 12h (mean difference: 1.1, 95% CI: 0.26-1.936, P=0.007), 24h (mean difference: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.178-1.701, P=0.008) and 48h (mean difference: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.192-1.747, P=0.038). There was a significant decrease in bacterial count following canal instrumentation in both groups (P<0.001) with no significant difference between them (mean difference: 0.83×105 , 95% CI: 0.336×105 -1.996×105 , P=0.56). A weak correlation existed between postoperative pain severity and bacterial counts (P=0.54). There was no significant difference in analgesic intake between the two groups (P=0.085). Flare-ups occurred in 3.3% of teeth in the iRaCe group, while no flare-ups occurred in the XP-endo Shaper group. XP-endo Shaper was associated with a significantly lower frequency of postoperative pain for up to 24h, and lower severity of postoperative pain for up to 48h compared with iRaCe files. Both systems were equally effective in bacterial reduction from oval root canals with necrotic pulps.

Preparation Ability of ProTaper Next and XP-endo Shaper Instruments in Isthmus-containing Root Canal System

ABSTRACT Aim and objective This research compares the abilities of the preparation of ProTaper Next (PTN; Dentsply-Maillefer) and XP-endo Shaper (XPS; FKG, Switzerland) files in mesial canals of lower molars with separate binary canals and one foramen with isthmus connection using μCT imaging. Materials and methods The comparison showed 20 roots matched according to the similarities in preoperative canal volume, specimen length, and root curvature using preoperative scans, and then they were indiscriminately separated into two groups and prepared either with PTN or XPS instruments. After chemomechanical preparation, the roots were resubmitted to postoperative scans. Results There was no variance in instrument systems for the volume of removed dentine, surface area as well as the amount of accumulated debris in the isthmus region (p &gt;0.05). Change in canal surface area and amount of accumulated hard tissue debris (AHTD) was more in the PTN group for total root canal space (p &lt;0.05). PTN instruments increased surface area in a shorter period. Conclusion: Both instrument systems with different design and metallurgic properties had reached the desired volume in different periods; however, neither technique was able to fully prepare the isthmus-containing mesial roots of lower molars. How to cite this article Sarıkahya M, Alaçam T. Preparation Ability of ProTaper Next and XP-endo Shaper Instruments in Isthmus-containing Root Canal System. Cons Dent Endod J 2020;5(2):28–35.

Apical debris extrusion during instrumentation of oval root canals in primary teeth using manual versus motorized files: an ex vivo study

This study aimed to assess the apical extrusion of debris during instrumentation of primary canines using three endodontic file types. Forty-five extracted primary canines were randomly assigned to three instrumentation groups (n = 15): Hand K-files; and the motorized Kedo-S files and XP-endo Shaper files. The apically extruded debris produced during the procedure was collected and dried in pre-weighed Eppendorf tubes, and the mass of debris was calculated. The time required for the endodontic procedure was also recorded. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s post hoc test were used with a significance level set at 5%. XP-endo Shaper and Kedo-S files extruded significantly less debris compared with hand K-files with means of 0.84 ± 0.31 and 1.20 ± 0.67 mg respectively, compared to 2.13 ± 0.31 mg (p < 0.0001). No significant difference was found between the two motorized files. Less time was required to complete the procedure with the XP-endo Shaper compared to the hand K-files (p < 0.0001) and Kedo-S files (p < 0.0001). Within the limitations of the present study, it may be concluded that motorized files extruded less debris and required less instrumentation time compared to traditional K-files, which could benefit paediatric patients with root canal treatment needs.

Geological information database integration into a geographic information modeling system

The article is devoted to the geological information database integration in the Vladikavkaz city into a specially developed system of geoinformation modeling. With the high technologies’ development, various geographic information systems designed for collecting, storing, analyzing, and graphically visualizing spatial data and the related information about the objects represented in GIS have become widespread. A map of the engineering-geological zoning of the Vladikavkaz city territory has been created at the Geophysical Institute, covering the issues of the geological structure, hydrogeological conditions, lithology, morphology, tectonics and the distribution of various types of soils in the territory under consideration. There are areas on the territory characterized by different depths of pebbles or thicknesses of clay and loam on pebbles, which is the main parameter that determines the seismicity category according to Building Codes and Regulations-II-7-81*. Based on the physical and mechanical properties‘ analysis, the reliable differentiation of soil groups with various determining indicators characterizing the soils‘ category by their seismic properties has been carried out. This information is collected in a database of geological information generated in the form of a shape file with spatial reference of each well. The developed database is used as a basis in the geographic information modeling task. Based on epyopen source software, the integration of the geological information database in the Vladikavkaz city into the geographic information modeling system has been performed.

Google Earth Engine Based Approach for Finding Fire Locations and Burned Areas in Muğla, Turkey

Forests are considered as one of the main sources of biodiversity. Forest fires caused by various reasons pose a high risk in terms of biodiversity. Therefore, mapping of fire zones is of great importance in determining the damage caused by the fire, managing the fire process, and planning the interventions in the fire zone. Although remote sensing is a fast and cost-effective methodology for mapping fire zones, the implementation of the remote sensing methodologies is problematic in some respects. The web-based Google Earth Engine makes possible to access the satellite imagery and process the imagery easily. The research area of this study is Muğla, Turkey in where many forest fires broke out in 2021 summer. This study provides an implementation of normalized burn ratio which is widely used to highlight burned areas on Google Earth Engine platform. Both vector data and satellite images were used in the study. The vector data is in the shape file format and was uploaded to the Google Earth Engine platform as a table. The Sentinel-2 imagery was used to calculate normalized burn ratio. The satellite imagery was clipped using the table data. The difference pre-fire and post-fire images was calculated, and the classes were assigned to the pixels according to the normalized burn ratio ranges. The study indicates that finding the burned areas and constructing the burn severity levels can be realized in 1.32 minutes on Google Earth Engine platform.

Comparative Evaluation of the Canal Shaping Ability of F6 SkyTaper, Navigator EVO and One Shape File Systems in Preparation of Curved Root Canals using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Introduction: Knowledge on shaping ability of advanced Nickel Titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments holds a great significance in the field of endodontics. Root canal shaping systems should maintain the original canal anatomy and thereby, reduce the risk of iatrogenic errors. Aim: To compare and evaluate the canal transportation, centering ability and time taken for preparation of curved root canals after instrumentation with F6 SkyTaper, Navigator EVO and One Shape file systems using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) imaging. Materials and Methods: This was an in vitro study conducted in the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, I.T.S Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India in July 2020. Thirty mesiobuccal canals of extracted mandibular molars with an angle of curvature between 20 to 40 degrees were selected and divided into three groups (n=10 into each group): F6 SkyTaper (group I), Navigator Evo (group II) and One Shape (group III). Canals were biomechanically prepared till size 30/6%; scanned using CBCT, before and after instrumentation to evaluate shaping ability at 3 mm, 5 mm, 7 mm and 9 mm from the apex. The results were subjected to statistical analysis using Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni post-hoc test with level of significance set at p-value &lt;0.05. Results: Out of three file systems selected, Navigator EVO showed significantly least canal transportation (0.222) (p-value &lt;0.05) and highest centering ability (0.535) as compared to F6 SkyTaper and One Shape. Overall, F6 SkyTaper and One Shape showed comparable results with respect to canal transportation and centering ability. The F6 Skytaper showed the fastest preparation (75.72 sec) of canals while Navigator EVO took the maximum time (307.046 sec). Conclusion: Navigator EVO showed superior shaping ability in curved canals than single file systems, although the time taken was the least with F6 SkyTaper.

Effect of various single file systems on microcrack formation in root canals

The aim of this study was to compare dentinal crack formation in root canal walls following 3 single file systems with continuous rotation under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). In this SEM study, seventy mandibular premolars were randomly divided into 5 groups. 3 experimental groups (n = 20) and 2 control groups (n = 5) as follows: Group I: Neolix NiTi file system, Group II: OneShape systems, Group III: OneCurve file system, positive control: conventional Hand File system, negative control: unprepared. After root canal preparations, the roots were sectioned at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex with water irrigation. The sections were inspected in all directions under SEM at × 100 magnification to determine the presence of cracks. The Chi-square test was used to analyze the data. There is a statistically significant difference in the crack formation between the apical third (P = 0.012) and coronal third (P = 0.002) when comparing all the 5 groups. No significant difference is found in the middle third (P = 0.46). P < 0.05 is considered statistically significant. Maximum cracks in the apical third were seen with One Shape file 11 (55%) and in the coronal third with Neolix NiTi 14 (70%). There is a statistically significant difference in the crack formation only in OneCurve when comparing the apical, middle, and coronal third for the individual group (P = 0.042). There was a significant difference in crack formation in apical and coronal third. OneCurve caused the least incidence of cracks when compared to other file systems. OneCurve file system can be a choice for canal preparation over Neolix Niti and OneShape.

Water Feature Extraction, Enhancement and Change Detection of Multi-Temporal Satellite Images using MNDWI2-PCA

Water feature extraction is a challenging task in remote sensing. In this research work, a new water index is implemented for easy identification of water pixels. The Area of interest is extracted with desired shape file. Here water bodies from kalahasti region are extracted, which is in Chittoor district. The Water indices are used to identify water pixels from Landsat-8 image, which has high spectral resolution. This image is multi-spectral image comprising of eleven bands. Interactive supervised classification is implemented for segmenting the satellite image. The image is classified into two categories i.e. water bodies and non-water bodies. Then MNDWI2-PC (Normalized Difference Water Index2-Principal Component) is applied to LANDSAT-8 image. Then this image is segmented into water bodies and non-water bodies. Finally accuracy assessment is carried out by confusion or error matrix. Quantitative parameters such as Overall Accuracy (OA), Kappa Coefficient (KC), Overall Kappa Coefficient (OKC) User’s accuracy (UA), Producer’s Accuracy (PA), and F1 score (F-Measure) are calculated for this multi-spectral satellite imagery. The algorithm reduced misclassification of water pixels with urban pixels, vegetation and other land covers. The algorithm outperforms in terms of quantitative performance metrics.

Cyclic flexural resistance of newly introduced NiTi rotary file system: An in-vitro study

This study aimed to compare the cyclic fatigue fracture resistance of different rotary NiTi file systems. Hero shaper rotary file, one shape rotary file and a new rotary file system profile vortex were tested. The cyclic fatigue testing was conducted using a simulated root canal apparatus with an angle of curvature 60⁰and radius of curvature of 5mm.Total sample size of 30 rotary files (10 files in each experimental group) were selected for the study. The files were rotated at 400 rpm using the triauto mini endomotor set at 2.5N/cm torque, until fracture occurred. The time until fracture was recorded in seconds by using a digital stopwatch, and the number of rotations till fracture was then calculated using a mathematical formula. The results were then statistically analysed. Profile vortex (Group 3) was found superior as compared to one shape (Group 2) and hero shaper (Group 1) endodontic rotary NiTi file system in cyclic fatigue testing. Keywords: Cyclic fatigue, Flexural fatigue resistance, Static flexural fracture resistance.

Land Use Change Detection and Prediction Using Markov-CA and Publishing on the Web with Platform Map Server, Case Study: Qom Metropolis, Iran

To achieve sustainable development, detailed planning, control and management of land cover changes that occurs naturally or by human caused artificial factors, is essential. Urban managers and planners need a tool that represents them the information accurate, fast and in exact time. In this study, land use changes of 3 periods 1994-2002, 2002-2009, 2009-2015 and predictions of 2009, 2015 and 2023 were assessed. In this paper, Maximum Likelihood method was used to classify the images, so that after evaluation of accuracy, amount of overall accuracy for images of 2013 was 85.55 % and its Kappa coefficient was 80.03%. To predict land use changes, Markov-CA model was used that after assessing the accuracy, the amount of overall accuracy for 2009 was 82.57% and for 2015 was 93.865%. ThenWebGis application was designed via map server application and evoked shape files through map file and open layers to browser environment and for design of appearance of website Css, HTML and JavaScript languages were used. HTML is responsible for creating the foundation and overall structure of webpage but beautify and layout design is on Css.

In-Vitro Comparison of the Effect of XP-Endo Shaper and One-Shape Rotary Files on the Incidence of Root Dentin Cracks

In-Vitro Comparison of the Effect of XP-Endo Shaper and One-Shape Rotary Files on the Incidence of Root Dentin Cracks

A Novel Approach for Generation and Visualization of Virtual 3D City Model Using Open Source Libraries

Virtual 3D city models are digital representation of terrain surfaces, sites, buildings, roads, waterways, etc. In general, these models are used for presenting, exploring and analyzing the urban areas. These models are also used in domains of smart city, virtual reality, infrastructure planning, telecommunication, disaster management, real estate services, education, tourism and change detection. There are various approaches and commercial packages to generate virtual 3D city models. In this novel approach, we have not used any commercial package or tool toward generation and visualization of city model but instead developed in-house routines and used libraries from open source domain to generate and visualize real-time virtual 3D city models. Generation of 3D city models involves the imagery from high-resolution satellite, high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) and vector shape files from open street maps (OSM) ( https://www.geofabrik.de/geofabrik/openstreetmap.html ) as inputs. Over and above virtual 3D city models, OSM vector layers of road network, river network and important places have been overlaid for making the virtual city model more informative. Toward realism, virtual trees are placed in the open spaces (as per shape file markings), Sun position and day/night effects, ambient condition effects and building texture, has been incorporated. To achieve generation of city model, we mosaicked preprocessed DEM scenes and images, resampled given datasets using cubic-resampling algorithm, registered the image, DEM and vector layers using phase correlation algorithm, and extracted the height information by processing of DEM and shape files. Vector layers are registered using latitude and longitude and overlaid over the 3D city model for information about the places, roads and water bodies. For efficient visualization and rendering of the model, open scene graph library and tiling-based approach are used in which tiles are replaced in the main memory by its sub-tiles based on viewer’s position. Mentioned approach is applicable to generate and visualize city model of any given area provided the DEM, imagery and OSM data. This paper mainly discusses the approach and advantages of this new cost-effective approach to develop virtual 3D city models using Indian Remote Sensing datasets.

Landfill Site Selection Using Geographic Information System and Fuzzy-AHP Model: A Case Study of Ilam Township, Iran

Introduction: Landfill siting is a difficult, complex, and protracted process, which requires evaluating different criteria. A suitable site should be located to dispose the municipal solid wastes hygienically (sanitary landfill), which is one of the fundamental subjects related to the environmental stability of the human settlements. The aim was to select a suitable waste disposal area using fuzzy-Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) models. Materials and Methods: To conduct this study, the information about elevation, slope, soil, drainage, vegetation, land use, population, and roads were produced and corrected in layers called shape files using the Geographic Information System (GIS) software. Finally, weights were applied in expert choice software by combining and overlapping information layers in GIS. Results: Based on the fuzzy-AHP model, 6 sites were identified as suitable areas for municipal waste disposal. Among the selected sites, one site was highly suitable, two were suitable, and three sites were moderately suitable. These areas with an area of 83.8 km2 are located along the west part of the city adjacent to the Iraqi border. The unsuitable sites for municipal waste disposal were located in the eastern and northeastern areas. Conclusion: However, applying fuzzy-AHP model provides the necessary conditions for assessing effective relationships among discrete criteria. In the end, combining these models and their findings represented advantages of this kind of modeling and improved scoring in all of these pixels.

Comparison of the resistance to cyclic fatigue of One Curve, One Shape, 2Shape and EdgeFile X3 files in simulated single and S-shaped (double) curvatures

Aim: To evaluate the fracture resistance to cyclic fatigue of One Curve (Micro-Mega, Besancon, Cedex, France), One Shape (Micro-Mega), 2Shape (Micro-Mega) and EdgeFile X3 (EdgeEndo, Albuquerque, NM) files in simulated root canals.&#x0D; Methodology: One hundred and sixty nickel-titanium endodontic files were tested in simulated canals with single and s-shaped (double) curvatures. The One Curve (25/.06), One Shape (25/.06), 2Shape (25/.06) and EdgeFile X3 (25/.06) files were assessed (n=20 for each test). All the files were rotated up to fracture occurred. The number of cycles to fracture (NCF) was determined and also, the length of the fractured file part was measured. For statistical analysis, one-way analysis of variance and Tukey HSD tests were used (p &lt; 0.05). &#x0D; Results: NCF for all instrument groups were significantly higher in the single curvature canal compared to the s-shaped curvature canal (p &lt; 0.05). The EdgeFile X3 had the highest fatigue resistance in both curvature groups. The NCF of the One Curve were higher than that of the One Shape and 2Shape files (p &lt; 0.05). In the s-shaped curvature canal, the files inclined to fracture more often in the apical curvature compared to the coronal curvature. There was no statistically considerable difference in the length of the fractured parts among the four experiment groups in either the single or s-shaped canal curvatures (p &gt; 0.05).&#x0D; Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, fracture resistance to cyclic fatigue was the highest for the EdgeFile X3 group followed by the One Curve group and lowest for the 2Shape and One Shape group.&#x0D; &#x0D; How to cite this article:&#x0D; Adıgüzel M, Öztekin F. Comparison of the resistance to cyclic fatigue of One Curve, One Shape, 2Shape and EdgeFile X3 Files in simulated single and S-shaped (double) curvatures. Int Dent Res 2020;10(2):55-59.&#x0D; https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2020.vol10.no2.5&#x0D; &#x0D; Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

C-Shaped canal system - A Case report

ABSTRACT&#x0D; C-shaped canals are anatomic variants in root canal morphology. This c-shaped configuration should be diagnosed earliest as it influences the management of such cases more efficiently. They pose challenges in shaping, cleaning and obturating protocols. We require a file system which can contact and shape all possible surfaces of the c-shaped canal. Some of these file systems are XP-endo shaper files (FKG), SAF (ReDent NOVA). For cleaning, advocated systems are XP- endo finisher files (FKG), SAF, ultrasonic files like irrisafe, sonic files (endo-activator), endo-vac system. 3-D obturation should be done wih downpack and backfill technique (warm vertical or continuous wave of compaction)

Relation between laboratory cantilever bending test and finite element analysis of five different nickel-titanium rotary instruments

BackgroundFlexibility during bending is a critical feature that influences the performance and safety of endodontic nickel-titanium rotary instruments. Flexibility of the endodontic files could be assessed via laboratory test or indicated theoretically by finite element analysis (FEA). The aim of the study is to determine the cantilever load required for bending five different nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments (laboratory test) and to calculate maximum von Mises stresses due to bending moment and vertical displacement (deflection) (theoretically by FEA) and compare both results.ResultsTF Adaptive file demonstrates the least cantilever load required for bending, the least von Mises stresses generated and the highest deflection of the endodontic files. Contrary, One Shape file reported the highest cantilever load required for bending, the highest von Mises stresses generated and the least deflection among all the tested endodontic files.ConclusionThe finite element analysis validated the results of the laboratory cantilever bending test for the examined nickel-titanium rotary instruments.

Working Length Transfer in the Endodontic Clinical Practice: A Comparative Study

The present paper evaluated the accuracy of two different methods for transferring working length (WL) between manual endodontic instruments and nickel–titanium (NiTi) shaping files. Thirty root canals of extracted permanent teeth were used. Root canals were divided according to canal length (CL) and canal curvature (CC). The reference cusp and the root end were flattened to provide reproducible and accurate measurements. During shaping, the WL measurements were obtained with manual k-files (KF) and transferred to WaveOne (W1) NiTi reciprocating files using the traditional method with the endodontic ruler (method I) and an alternative clinical procedure based on the comparison of the instruments side by side from tip to shank (method II). For each file and each tested method, two measures were taken by two examiners using Rhino (ver. 4.0, McNeel, Seattle, WA, USA) software for a total of 360 (30 × 3 × 2 × 2) measures. Analysis of variance was performed by taking the difference in length (Delta WL, DWL) between files used for the same canal. The difference between methods I and II for WL transfer was found to be statistically significant (df = 1; F = 71.52; p &lt; 0.001). The DWL absolute values obtained with method II were found to be closer to 0 mm (i.e., same length as corresponding KF) than those obtained with method I. Both CL (df = 2; F = 1.27; p = 0.300) and CC (df = 1; F = 2.22; p = 0.149) did not significantly influence WL measurements. With respect to WL transfer, method II seemed to better preserve the correct WL transfer between instruments during the clinical endodontic procedures.

Evaluation of the Cleaning Efficiency of 2 Shape, Hyflex EDM and Pro Taper GOLD Systems Using Digital Image Morphometric Analysis (An in Vitro Study)

Aim of the Study: To measure and compare the cleaning efficiency of 2 Shape, Hyflex EDM and Protaper GOLD rotary systems in removing debris and compare the percentage of remaining debris at three different levels of root canal by using digital image morphometric analysis. Material and Method: Total 60 freshly extracted human maxillary first molar with single straight palatal roots were selected were disinfected in a solution of 1% Thymol for 1 day then the palatal roots were sectioned at a length of 12 mm from the apex and randomly divided into three groups of twenty teeth : Group A: Was prepared by 2 Shape file system (Full rotary technique). Group B: Was prepared by Hyflex EDM file system (Full rotary technique). Group C: Was prepared by Protaper GOLD system (Full rotary technique) . All systems were used according to the manufacture instructions and roots prepared to an apical preparation corresponding to size 40 K-file. Sodium hypochlorite (3%) was used as an irrigant for all groups. Conclusions: 2 Shape system was significantly less effective than Hyflex EDM and Protaper GOLD systems in eliminating debris from root canals at all levels. There were no differences in the cleaning efficiency between Hyflex EDM and Protaper GOLD systems at all levels of root canals.

Effect of different instrument systems on the quality of bio-ceramic obturation material (An in vitro leakage and SEM Study)

Background and Objectives: Bioceramic-based root canal sealers need more evidence for proving its sealing ability. The objective of this in vitro study is to measure the leakage of extracted root canals and analyze the interfacial adaptation of the bioceramic material to canal walls. Methods: 60 extracted human lower mandibular teeth were divided randomly into 6 groups (each group 10 teeth). Group 1 and 4 were instrumented by protaper next rotary files, group 2 and 5 by wave one reciprocating files and group 3 and 6 by Two shape rotary files. All of the specimens were obturated with thermal (warm vertical compaction) technique using bioceramic as sealer. The leakage of specimens of group 1, 2 and 3 was evaluated by dye penetration method. The interfacial adaptation of specimens of group 3, 4 and 5 were analyzed using scaning electron microscopy. Results: statistics for groups 1, 2 and 3 revealed that Wave one group showed the best leakage (mean of 0.7 mm) with significant difference. By using ANOVA; Post hoc LSD test revealed that difference between groups 1 and 3 was significant, while differences between groups 2 and 1 and between groups 2 and 3 were non-significant (p<0.05). The descriptive statistics for groups 4, 5 and 6 revealed that Two shape file group showed the least interfacial gap width (mean­=31.2 µm). By using ANOVA; Post hoc LSD test revealed that difference between groups 4 and 5 was non-significant, while difference between groups 4 and 6 plus 5 and 6 were significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: Different instrumentation systems had effect on the obturation quality of bioceramic material.