Shahid Beheshti University Of Medical Sciences Research Articles

Evaluation of Perinatal and Developmental Outcomes in Neonates with Abstinence Syndrome Admitted to NICU

Drug abuse by pregnant women is one of the significant problems for mothers and their neonates. This study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal substance use disorder during pregnancy on neonatal developmental criteria. In a case-control study, clinical records of 90 neonates diagnosed with neonatal abstinence syndrome who were admitted to NICU in one of four hospitals affiliated with Shahid-Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran between 2017 and 2020 were compared to 90 neonates without neonatal abstinence syndrome (control group). Demographic information and data for neonatal developmental characteristics and complications were extracted from the clinical records of this convenience sample. Data for the type and method of maternal substance use during pregnancy were collected through a telephone call with mothers. Our data showed that the prevalence of drug addiction was 1.8% among pregnant women, and the most common drugs used by mothers were opium (n = 45%, 50%), amphetamine (n = 30%, 33%), and methadone (n = 14%, 16%). Neonates with abstinence syndrome had a higher prevalence of transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) (<i>P</i> = 0.004), and a prevalence of being admitted to NICU (<i>P</i> = 0.05) and for a longer duration (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Their mothers had a higher prevalence of having pre-eclampsia (<i>P</i> = 0.010). Using morphine vs. amphetamine showed no difference based on their effects on mothers and neonates. Substance use during pregnancy increased the prevalence of pregnancy complications (pre-eclampsia) and neonatal complications (TTN and prevalence and duration of hospitalization). Therefore, planning for the development of health policies to raise awareness among women and more broadly, all members of the community, is important to prevent the tendency to engage in this potentially high-risk behavior.

Usability Evaluation of the Information System Used in Neuroscience Research Centres

Introduction: Information systems are tools for facilitating information management in research centres that improve quality by reducing errors and increasing speed and precision. Accordingly, their usability is of utmost importance. Usability problems can lead to user errors, may threaten patient safety, and negatively impact the quality of care. Aim: To evaluate the usability of the information system used in Neuroscience Research centres of hospitals affiliated with Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBUMS), Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive study conducted in July 2020 at SBUMS. Before starting the study, ethical considerations such as obtaining informed consent, anonymity, confidentiality, and the participants’ freedom to withdraw from the study were taken into account. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire adapted from the Usefulness, Satisfaction, and Ease of Use (USE) and ISO Metrics questionnaires. Samples were information system used in Neuroscience Research Centres of hospitals affiliated with SBUMS. Therefore, from the centres affiliated with SBUMS, only two hospitals met this requirement, which were Educational hospitals affiliated with SBMUS. The content validity of the questionnaire was examined, and its reliability was checked by Cronbach’s alpha. Results: The information systems of the mentioned centres had a usefulness of 5.93, learnability of 5.79, memorability of 5.22, user satisfaction of 4.89, and ease of use of 4.76, based on a 7-point Likert scale. Overall, the usability of the designed systems had an acceptable and favourable state based on all the criteria. Conclusion: Of the examined criteria, usefulness and learnability achieved a higher score, indicating the good design of the system in terms of these dimensions. However, the ease of use had the lowest score, showing the poor user design of the information system in this dimension. To achieve an excellent level of information system usability in these centres, attention should be paid to all the dimensions of information system usability.

Investigating the Use of Personal in Formation Management Strategies by Faculty Members of three Medical Sciences Universities in Iran

In this study, the purpose was to investigate Personal Information Management (PIM) activity rate regardingfourPIM aspects o f acquisition, maintenance, organization, and retrieval o f faculty members in three universities, i.e., Tehran University o f Medical Science (TUMS), Iran University o f Medical Sciences (lUMS), and Shahid Beheshti University o f Medical Sciences (SBUMS). The relationship between PIM use and workplace, academic rank, and gender factors were also studied. A Persian-language questionnaire was used to measure PIM performance of participants. Data were analysed using statistical tests. Findings showed that most o f the participants preferred desktop computers for saving theirpersonal digital information. Also, the percentage of PIM use by the faculty members was reported as 50-75%. However, no significant associations between PIM use by the faculty members and their workplace, academic rank, andgenderwerefound.

Smoking and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke among health occupations students in Iran

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the smoking behaviour and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) among the students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBUMS).&#x0D; Methods: This survey was conducted using a self-administered anonymous questionnaire mainly based on the Persian version of the Global Health Professions Student Survey (GHPSS) questionnaire. The students of eight disciplines (Dentistry, Environmental health engineering, Medicine, Nursing, Nutrition, Pharmacy, Physiotherapy, and Public health) of SBUMS were invited to participate in this study. Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, and logistic regression served for statistical analyses. The P-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.&#x0D; Results: A total of 290 students (151 male) participated in the study. About 1.4% of the participants were 15-18 years old, 85.5% were 19-24, 8.6% were 25-29, 3.4% were 30 or older, and 1.0% of them did not report their age. Among all the disciplines, dental students reported the highest prevalence (52.0%) for current cigarette smoking while public health students reported the lowest (0.0%). Regarding the prevalence of exposure to ETS, nutrition students reported the highest (96.4%), and nursing students reported the lowest (57.1%). Current cigarette smoking was reported by 34.4% of the participants. This rate was significantly higher in men when compared to women (P˂0.001). Among participants, 78.6% had been exposed to ETS. The frequency distribution of exposure to ETS was statistically significantly different between males and females (P ˂ 0.001).&#x0D; Conclusion: This study showed that the prevalence of current cigarette smoking and/or the prevalence of exposure to ETS among the students of SBUMS were alarming. These results have further highlighted the importance and necessity of planning to reduce tobacco use and increase awareness of the harmful effects of tobacco products on overall health among the students of SBUMS.

Measuring knowledge and experience sharing status of faculty members while designing and validating tools

Background: The knowledge and experience sharing of faculty and staff at universities and research institutes with their communities is a key element of success in achieving the organizational goals. Faculty members play a key role in universities. Accordingly, recognizing the importance of this capability in faculty members, this study aimed to investigate the status of knowledge and experience sharing based on the Ajzen model in faculty members at the ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences in 2018. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted with 300 faculty members at the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences using stratified random sampling and simple random sampling. Data was gathered using a researcher created questionnaire and the analysis was conducted using SPSS 25 and LISREL 8.8. Results: The results showed that the significance level of a test for the relationship between knowledge and experience sharing components was less than α = 0.05, and there was a positive and significant correlation between knowledge and experience sharing components in faculty members at the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Most of the respondents’agreement regarding "knowledge and experience sharing" were related to behavioral control(mean=3.87; SD=0.353), behavior (mean=3.56; SD=0.328), attitude (mean=3.30; SD=0.344)subjective norm (mean=3.16; SD=0.435) and intention (mean=2.76; SD=0.284). Conclusion: This tool can be used by managers and university presidents to manage and translate knowledge in medical sciences universities.

Identification of the Factors Predicting the Stretching Exercise Behavior Among Office Employees with Reinforcing and Developing the Performance of the Health Promotion Model

Musculoskeletal Diseases (MSDs) is the most common occupational health problem affecting work and each day in workplace employees which are growing in Iran. This study aimed to Identification of the factors predicting the Stretching Exercise (SE) Behavior among Office employees with reinforcing and developing the performance of the Health Promotion Model (DHPM) in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBUMS) of Iran. This cross-sectional study, data were collected a questionnaire-based on HPM for SE behaviors and Self Regulation, Counter-conditioning, and Stimulus control questionnaire (DHPM) From eligible 430 office employees working in comprehensive service centers for urban-rural health affiliated to SBUMS, selected by Multistage cluster sampling from May to Sep 2017. All structures were examined as predicting factors to decide whether or not they affect the likelihood of the prevalence of SE behavior. The data were analyzed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis the method by Amos software 22 and regression analysis with SPSS 19 software. Totally 420 office employees with mean age of 37.1±8.03 years old took part in the study. The effects of the validity of two versions of HPM (RMSEA= 0.067, x2/df=2.98, GFI&CFI=0.90) and DHPM in confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that i¬tness Indexes of the DHPM (RMSEA= 0.059, x2/df=2.38, GFI&CFI=0.98) were better. Regression analysis reflected that the coverage ratio of SE behavior variance of the DHPM is more than the HPM. This study showed that perceived barriers to action could prevent the studied participants from engaging in stretching exercise. Perceived self-efficacy, Commitment to a plan of action, interpersonal influences, and Stimulus control were significant predictors for SE behavior.

Determinants of Stretching Exercise Behavior among Office Employees using Health Promotion Model with Added Constructs

OBJECTIVE: To determinant the influencing factors on Stretching Exercise (SE) among officeemployees working in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBUMS) in Iran through HealthPromotion Model (HPM) with added constructs.METHODOLOGY: Data were collected by a researcher-made and standard questionnaires based on HPMand added constructs of self-regulation, counter-conditioning, and stimulus control questionnaireregarding stretching exercise behavior among office employees working in comprehensive servicecenters affiliated to SBUMS. A multistage cluster sampling from May to Sep 2017 was done. Todeterminants the factors which effect on doing stretching exercise behavior; regression analysis wasdone through using SPSS 19 software.RESULTS: Totally 420 office employees with mean age of 37.1±8.03 years participated in this study.Perceived barriers to action (B =-0.106, P<0.001), could prevent the studied participants from engagingin SE. However, perceived self efficacy (B = 0.172, P < 0.001), commitment to a plan of action (B = 0.173,P=0.016), interpersonal influences (B = 0.099, P=0.003), and stimulus control (B = 0.193, P=0.007) weresignificant determinants for SE behavior.CONCLUSION: This study showed that the office employees who were more perceived self efficacy,commitment to a plan of action, interpersonal influences, stimulus control and less perceived barrierswere more likely to perform stretching exercise.

FACTORS PREDICTING THE STRETCHING EXERCISE BEHAVIORS OF OFFICE EMPLOYEES WORKING IN THE SHAHID BEHESHTI UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES IN TEHRAN, IRAN.

Office employees of all ages are at risk for non-communicable diseases such as musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) due to physical inactivity. Stretching exercise (SE) behavior could help office employees prevent MSDs. This research aimed to study the predictors of SE among office employees working in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBUMS) of Iran through a health promotion model (HPM). In the present study, 430 eligible office employees were randomly selected. To assess the predictors of SE, all the HPM constructs were examined as risk factors to determine whether they influence the probability of SE behavior occurrence and were interpreted through odds ratio (OR). SPSS version 19 was used to analyze the data. A total of 420 office employees with mean age of 37.1±8.03 years took part in the study. This study showed that perceived barriers to action could prevent participants from engaging in SE (OR [95%CI]: 0.875 [0.815-0.939], p < 0.001). However, perceived self-efficacy (OR [95%CI]: 1.248 [1.137-1.370], p < 0.001), commitment to a plan of action (OR [95%CI]: 1.189 [1.033-1.367], p = 0.016), and interpersonal influences (OR [95%CI]: 1.104 [1.041-1.217], p = 0.003) were significant predictors for SE behavior. This study showed that the office employees who were more confident and committed to a plan of action, and perceived fewer barriers, were more likely to engage in SE behavior.

The Effect of Employment of Nursing Students on their Academic Achievement in the School of Nursing and Midwifery of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences

Introduction: The present study was conducted to assess the effect of nursing students' employment on their academic success in the School of Nursing and Midwifery of Medical Sciences University. Methods: In the present descriptive correlational study, the statistical population comprised all 1521 students of School of Nursing and Midwifery of ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences in the academic year 2016-17. Sampling was performed by proportional stratified random method. Using Cochran equation, sample size was determined 309 students. Data were collected using demographic and academic success questionnaire and analyzed in SPSS-18. Results: The results showed that academic achievement has relationships with gender, marital status, and employment status of student, their spouse’semployment status and education, marital life, family housing, appropriate studying setting, and job relevance with academic discipline. According to logistic regression test, variables such as gender, marital status, spouse's education and marital life were able to predict academic achievement. Conclusions: Personal and family status are highly effective on students' academic achievement.

Predictors of Health Literacy Based on the Constructs of Health Belief Model for Smoking Prevention Among University Students in 2016

Background: The rate of cigarette smoking has increased among students. Smoking prevention behavior has significant relationship with health literacy. Moreover, health literacy has potential effects on the constructs of the Health Belief Model (HBM). Objectives: This study aimed to determine the predictors of health literacy based on HBM constructs for smoking prevention among university students. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2016 on 337 dormitory students recruited through one-stage cluster sampling from ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Data were collected using the Health Literacy for Iranian Adults scale as well as a researcher-made questionnaire on students’ perceptions about smoking prevention developed based on HBM constructs. Chi-square test, Pearson correlation test, and multiple linear regression analysiswere used. SPSS software (v. 16.0) was used to analyze the data. Results: Health literacy had significant relationships with cigarette smoking and all HBM constructs (P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy constructs of HBM significantly predicted 32.9% of the total variance of health literacy(P < 0.05). Conclusions: Health literacy is significantly related with cigarette smoking. Moreover, the significant predictors of health literacy based on HBM constructs for smoking prevention are perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy. Therefore, educational programs based on these HBM constructs can be used as an appropriate framework for developing strategies to promote health literacy and prevent cigarette smoking.

Acceptance of evidence based medicine (EBM) databases by Iranian medical residents using unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT)

ObjectivePhysicians often need uptodate, reliable and with easy access information for clinical decisions evidence based medicine (EBM) databases can be a suitable approach to meet this need. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, use and factors affecting the acceptance of EBM and its databases by Iranian medical residents using UTAUT model. MethodThe present research is an applied survey, the population of which consisted of 192 medical residents of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBUMS) in Iran. A questionnaire was used for collecting data and SPSS software was used for data analysis. ResultsThe results show that the total average score of assistants (range = 1–5), 2.99 and 2.73 scores were respectively obtained for the awareness and use of EBM databases. The study of factors affecting the acceptance using UTAUT showed that item "performance expectancy" with an average of 3.02 is the most important factor in the acceptance of EBM databases by medical residents and items "effort expectancy", "facilitating conditions" and "social influence" are in their next ranks with an average score of 2.54, 2.45 and 2.14, respectively. ConclusionThe findings of this study showed that the majority of medical residents do not have sufficient awareness and knowledge about concepts of EBM and still not comprehend the necessity of using EBM databases. Therefore, planning for accepting and teaching Evidence based medicine and databases is essential.

Status of accessible quality indices in the hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences according to accreditation in 2015

Introduction: The accreditation process is conducted to enhance the organizational quality and outcomes based on the localized standards. The objective of the study was to compare quality indices in hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBUMS) in Tehran with different accreditation degrees. Materials and Methods: Ten indices, representing the quality measures of inpatient cares, were selected among accredited hospitals based on importance and patient influences. In this applied descriptive study, data of 11 teaching hospitals of SBUMS were studied and analyzed by SPSS 21 using descriptive statistics and ANOVA in 2015. Data were collected from hospital records. Results: The most favorable indices - patients' satisfaction with emergency and hospitalization services, mean duration of triage (levels 2, 3, 4, and 5), and unsuccessful cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) - were in the lowest ranking hospitals. Six of 10 indices, including cesarean, the death level, the discharge rate of admitted patients in the emergency department and hospital wards by personal consent, the patients' satisfaction with the hospitalization and emergency services, mean duration of triage (levels 2, 3, 4, and 5), and unsuccessful CPR were the most unfavorable in hospitals with the highest ranking, i.e., the first excellent degree. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the indices of hospital care processes with different accreditation degrees. There were also reverse correlations between the direction of outcome changes and the accreditation level in some domains, which might require reassessment of the conduction of the program.

The factors associated with childbearing intentions in Iranian female University students

Background: Population and its dimensions are considered the focal point of any social system and the present study seeks to determine the factors associated with childbearing intentions in female students. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study randomly examined 294 female students of Shahid Beheshti University (SBU) and Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBUMS) in Tehran. Data were collected using a Demographic Questionnaire, the Factors Associated with Childbearing Intentions Questionnaire, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support Questionnaire. The relationship of childbearing intentions was assessed with marital age, duration of marriage, ideal number of children, and ideal birth spacing. Results: Of the factors examined, marriage age had the highest correlation with childbearing intentions (P

Correlation between the Family Function Based on Circumplex Model and Students’ Internet Addiction in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 2015

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BACKGROUND &amp;amp; PURPOSE:&lt;/strong&gt; University students deal with Internet with a variety of reasons. Internet great applications and attractions may cause increasing addiction to it; on the other hand the family function may affect the tendency to addiction. So, this study was conducted aimed to investigate the correlation between the family function based on Circumplex Model and students' Internet addiction in ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences in 2015.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;METHODS: &lt;/strong&gt;In this correlational study, 664 students were selected by stratified random sampling method. The study tools included: Demographic Information Questionnaire, Young Internet Addiction Test (α=0.90) and Olson Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale(FACE III) (α=0.91). Data were analyzed by SPSS software Version 22.The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, percentage and frequency) and analytical statistics (t-test, Mann-Whitney U, Spearman correlation coefficient) methods.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;FINDINGS: &lt;/strong&gt;Findings showed, 79.2 percent of students did not have Internet addiction, 20.2 percent were at risk of addiction and 0.6 percent was addicted to the Internet. Female students were the most frequent users of the Internet among students (41.47% and p &amp;lt; 0.01) with the purpose of recreation and entertainment (79.5 percent). A significant negative correlation was seen between Internet addiction and cohesion (a family function aspect) (p&amp;lt;0.01), also a positive and significant relationship was seen between average time of using Internet every time, average weekly hours of Internet use and Internet addiction (p&amp;gt;0.01).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;CONCLUSION:&lt;/strong&gt; With regard to the degree of students' dependence to internet and the correlation between the family cohesion and Internet addiction, there is a need to make policy in the field of cohesion balance in the family and preventive and educational measures.&lt;/p&gt;

Sexual function in women using Depo- medroxy Progesterone Acetate (DMPA)

Background and aim: Sexuality is an important aspect of quality of life that affects both physical andpsychological aspects. Sexual relationship is central to quality of women’s life, and reflects her psychosocialand life aspects. Different factors such as health, emotional problems, stress, and hormones affect sexualfunction. Some reports reveal the effect of hormones, and conversely, some report lack of effect. This studyaimed to asses sexual function of women using DMPA presenting to health centers affiliated to ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran , Iran in 2013Methods and material : This descriptive study was conducted on 120 women in health centers in Tehran,Iran. They were selected by multistage sampling. A questionnaire completed by interviewing was used fordata collecting. 3 parts were included in the questionnaire: demographic characteristic, and Female SexualFunction Index (FSFI). Data was analyzed by SPSS 16 and Different statistical tests were used. (P<0. 05)Result: Mean age of women was 28. 63±7. 16 years. Women use DMPA had favorite sexual function (60.8%). Logistic regression showed women with regular menstruation had favorite sexual function than others(P<0. 05) .Conclusion: Menstrual patterns was significantly associated with sexual function.While introducinghormonal contraceptive methods, health workers should emphasize their adverse effects such as menstrualpatterns on sexual function.Key word: Sexual function, Depo-medroxy Progesterone Acetate, Prevalence, Iran.

Factors affecting job motivation among health workers: a study from Iran.

Objective:Human resources are the most vital resource of any organizations which determine how other resources are used to accomplish organizational goals. This research aimed to identity factors affecting health workers’ motivation in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBUMS).Method:This is a cross-sectional survey conducted with participation of 212 health workers of Tehran health centers in November and December 2011. The data collection tool was a researcher-developed questionnaire that included 17 motivating factors and 6 demotivating factors and 8 questions to assess the current status of some factors. Validity and reliability of the tool were confirmed. Data were analyzed with descriptive and analytical statistical tests.Results:The main motivating factors for health workers were good management, supervisors and managers’ support and good working relationship with colleagues. On the other hand, unfair treatment, poor management and lack of appreciation were the main demotivating factors. Furthermore, 47.2% of health workers believed that existing schemes for supervision were unhelpful in improving their performance.Conclusion:Strengthening management capacities in health services can increase job motivation and improve health workers’ performance. The findings suggests that special attention should be paid to some aspects such as management competencies, social support in the workplace, treating employees fairly and performance management practices, especially supervision and performance appraisal.

Prerequisites of preparedness against earthquake in hospital system: a survey from Iran.

Background and Objective:Considering the history of frequent, and severe, earthquakes in Iran and the importance of health care service delivery by hospitals in these cases, having a plan to deal with disasters should be considered a priority. The aim of this study was the observance of preparedness prerequisites against earthquake in hospitals affiliated with Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBUMS) and its relationship with demographic and organizational characteristics.Methods:This was a cross- sectional study that was conducted in 15 hospitals affiliated with SBUMS, Iran in 2012. Data were collected using observation of documents and questionnaire consists of 138 questions in 8 dimensions. The content validity and reliability were confirmed. Data analysis was performed with descriptive statistic, t-test and ANOVA.Results:Results showed that 86.7% of hospitals were in good preparedness level, with the average 85.9 ± 15.5. The maximum and minimum level of preparedness was related to mitigation of construction hazards (56.6 ± 35.6) and support of vital services (97.2 ± 6.0) dimensions, respectively. According to the results, there was a significant statistical difference between mean preparedness and safety of equipment and hazardous materials, hospital evacuation and field treatment, hospital environmental health proceedings, hospital curriculum programs and support of services dimensions with management experience (P<0.05).Conclusion:Although results corroborate that preparedness prerequisites against earthquake are in good level but attention to the weaknesses mitigation of construction hazards dimension and strengthening these prerequisites, which have obvious impacts on the structural vulnerability of hospitals and adjacent buildings in earthquakes, have been proposed.

Serum Angiotensin converting enzyme in pemphigus vulgaris.

Background:Pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune blistering skin disease with unknown etiology. Drugs such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors may contribute in the pathogenesis of pemphigus.Objective:We plan this essay to evaluate the serum ACE level in pemphigus vulgaris patients in comparison with healthy controls to recognize its possible role in disease pathogenesis or activity.Methods:This study was planned and performed in the dermatology clinics of Shahid Beheshti University of MedicalSciences’ Hospitals between July 2010 and June 2011. Patients with new onset of pemphigus vulgaris were enrolled in our study. Control subjects were frequency-matched to cases by sex and age. Serum ACE was determined by the spectrophotometric method.Results:Thirty-four patients with pemphigus vulgaris and 35 healthy individuals were recruited in the study. No statistical significant difference was detected in the mean level of serum ACE of the two groups (t-test, P = 0.11). The mean ACE level was significantly lower in male patients compared with male controls (P = 0.04). Moreover, a significant higher serum ACE level of patients with cutaneous involvement was observed compared to patients with mucosal involvement (P = 0.02).Conclusions:Despite lack of any significant difference of serum ACE level between pemphigus and control group, the serum ACE level was considerably lower in male pemphigus vulgaris patients compared with male controls. Therefore, ACE might have some association with pemphigus vulgaris especially in male patients; however, further studies are required to confirm this association.

COMPARISON OF DICHOTIC CONSONANT- VOWEL TEST RESULTS BETWEEN RIGHT HANDED AND LEFT HANDED ADULTS WITH NORMAL HEARING

Introduction: According to the previous studies, left hemisphere of the brain has specialized for language processing. The relation between handedness and the brain hemispheres is very obvious. In more than 95% of right- handed people and 70% of left- handed people the left hemisphere is responsible for language processing generally. A few studies have investigated the relationship between handedness and the brain hemispheres by means of Dichotic Consonant- Vowel ( DCV ) test. The aim of the present study is to investigate the results of DCV test in right- handed and left- handed adults with normal hearing. Methods: 40 right- handed and 40 left- handed adults aged between 18- 40 years whose handedness was verified by Edinburgh scale participated in this study. This research was performed at rehabilitation faculty, ShahidBeheshti University of medical sciences. DCV test results were analyzed t- test parametric and Mann- Whitney non- parametric statistical tests. Results: Right- handed group scores were more than left- handed group scores which was meaningful statistically ( p≤ 0.01 ). The percentage of double corrected consonant- vowels in right- handed group was more than this in left- handed group. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that right- handed group function is better than left- handed group function in the DCV test. Right ear advantage is obvious not only in right- handed group but also in left- handed one which shows left hemisphere advantage in processing the linguistic information. Keywords: Right- handedness, left- handedness, dichotic consonant- vowel test

THE STUDY OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF WORKPLACE ERGONOMIC FACTORS AND THE EQUIPMENT AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF LIBRARIAN WOMEN AT SHAHID BEHESHTI UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES DURING THE YEAR 2013

Background and Aim: This study examined the characteristics of workplace ergonomics factors and equipment and its relationship with musculoskeletal disorders from the viewpoint of librarians women of ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences in 1392. Material & Methods : Descriptive survey research is a correlation and study population included 78 librarian women who work in Library hospital, medical Faculties and research centers ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences. Data from the questionnaires was collected in three parts: demographic, Nordic, equipment and workplace and they were analyzed by SPSS software, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation and the validity and reliability were also confirmed. Findings : The findings indicate that most of the physical damage caused by the working in age group of 31-40 (mean 11 and standard deviation 32/5). Minimal physical damage based on relevant work experience that is related to those with 11-15 years of experience is %7/7. Most of the damages that are related to those with 16-20 years of work experience and have higher work pressure are %12/5. The findings also showed that during different times (last 7 days 95/3%, now %, last 12 months 97/7%) is in the neck. The respondents 46.5% doesn’t have any sports and physical activity. They use book carrier for replacing books 23.3% and 25.6% of low and very low. Results : The most common complaint is pain in the neck and knees. Based on the results of the research there is no significant relationship between work-related musculoskeletal disorder, age, work experience, hours worked and library equipment and environmental conditions and there is significant relationship between the second job and work-related musculoskeletal disorder. Keywords : Ergonomy, musculoskeletal disorders, Medical University, librarian women, medical library, Workplace