Sex Status Research Articles

Abdominal fat content assessment by computed tomography in toy breed dogs

The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the abdominal fat distribution in toy breed dogs using computed tomography (CT) in relation to the breed, age, and sexual status. In 140 dogs (52 Maltese, 33 Poodles, 32 Shih-Tzus, and 23 Yorkshire Terriers), the total fat area (TA), visceral fat area (VA), subcutaneous fat area (SA) and body area (BA) were measured at the third and sixth lumbar vertebral level on non-contrast transverse CT images. The differences in the TA/BA and VA/SA according to the breed, age, and sexual status, and correlations with the age were analysed. The differences in the TA/BA and VA/SA among the breeds were revealed (P < 0.05). There was no difference for the TA/BA among the sexual statuses, but the VA/SA was higher in spayed females than in intact females (P = 0.001). Positive correlation of the age with the TA/BA in the Maltese, Poodles, and intact females, and the age with the VA/SA in the Maltese, Shih-Tzus, Yorkshire Terriers, neutered males, and spayed females were found. The results showed that the abdominal fat composition varied according to the breed, age, and sex, which may have implications on defining obesity-related disease risks in different populations. Careful monitoring of the VA/SA in the breed (Maltese, Shih-Tzu, and Yorkshire Terrier), age (senior dogs), and sexual status (neutered dogs) may be required.

Sexual citizenship and Asian immigrants in post-marriage equality Australia

ABSTRACT To date, few studies on sexual citizenship have explored how gender, sexuality, and ethnicity intersect to influence individuals’ migration and post-migration experiences in post-marriage equality Australia. This article argues that a more expansive concept of sexual citizenship is required when exploring the lived experiences of Asian immigrants in contemporary Australia because racialised contexts present various barriers to social inclusion. We posit sexual citizenship as an intersectional, multi-dimensional, and multi-scalar notion that encompasses transgender citizenship. We explore sociocultural stereotypes and sexual racism to highlight the intersectionality between SOGIESC and ethnicity in cross-cultural international migration. We further argue that, as SOGIESC is an integral dimension of immigrants’ lives and cannot be analytically separated from migratory processes and experiences, the concept of sexual citizenship remains central to migration studies. Furthermore, that sexual citizenship research would benefit from further critical engagement with issues of race, gender, sexuality, and immigration status of Asian Australians.

LGBTQ&A: Development of a needs assessment to define access, needs, and barriers to health care services among LGBTQ older adults

While health-related research on lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) older adults has grown, more research is necessary to understand this population. Howard Brown Health (HBH) conducted a mixed-method needs assessment in Cook County, IL. The purpose of this article is to describe the development of the community survey, focus group guidebook, and study protocol. HBH created the needs assessment to increase knowledge about access to and need for services and barriers to care among LGBTQ aging patients. Furthermore, the study explored how subgroups based on sexual orientation, gender identity, race, ethnicity, and veteran status differed in access, need, and barriers to care. Study participants were 50 years and older, self-identified as LGBTQ, and resided in Cook County. With this knowledge, HBH plans to launch culturally competent wellness programs to improve the quality of life of its LGBTQ older adult patients.

Prevalence and Correlates of HIV Testing among Sexual Minorities.

Objectives: We established baseline prevalence rates of HIV testing among adult, sexual minorities and identified the correlates of never being HIV tested. Methods: We used a 20-state sample of the 2017-2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to identify sexual minorities who responded to the HIV testing question (N=433,042). Using weighted multivariate logistic regression analysis, we identified the characteristics associated with never being HIV tested and the impact of state health departments' HIV testing messages on testing status. Results: Overall, 41.6% of sexual minorities reported never being HIV tested with statistically significant state-level variation. Being younger (18-24 years) or older (65+ years), not black, married, and in good health significantly increased the odds of never being HIV tested as did lacking regular healthcare access and reporting no high-risk HIV behaviors. States' HIV testing messages had no statistically significant effect on HIV testing status. Conclusions: Although sexual minorities were less likely than straight respondents to report never being HIV tested, a sizable population remained untested. Specific characteristics associated with sexual minorities' HIV testing status can be used to tailor public health messages and optimize testing rates.

The Female Burden Visualized: Cinematic Representation of Women during Epidemics

The Female Burden Visualized: Cinematic Representation of Women during Epidemics

The Role of Interpersonal Relationships and Household Socioeconomic Status in the Association Between Sexual Orientation and Health: A Moderated Mediation Analysis.

Purpose: Emerging studies indicate that sexual minority youths experience worse health than their heterosexual peers, but few studies have examined the intervening mechanisms linking sexual orientation and health status. This study hypothesizes that interpersonal relationships, moderated by household socioeconomic status (HSES), are important mediators in the association between sexual orientation and health status. Methods: A total of 49,084 youths, consisting of 9499 youths who identified as sexual minority individuals and 39,585 youths who identified as heterosexual, were sampled from a national study on sexual and reproductive health conducted in China. Logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the association between sexual orientation and self-rated health. Causal mediation and moderated mediation analyses were performed to analyze the mediating and moderating effects of interpersonal relationships and HSES, respectively. Results: Self-rated health was significantly poorer for sexual minority youths compared with heterosexual youths (p < 0.01). From 7.90% to 25.74% of the association between sexual orientation and self-rated health was mediated through poor interpersonal relationships with both parents and peers. A poor relationship with the father accounted for the highest percentage. HSES was found to moderate the mediation effect of interpersonal relationships, with the greatest effect found for sexual minority youths with lower HSES. Conclusion: HSES moderated the indirect effects of interpersonal relationships on the association between sexual orientation and self-rated health. Interventions focused on improving interpersonal relationships for sexual minority youths, especially those with low HSES, merit attention.

Therapists and #MeToo: A Qualitative Survey of Personal Reactions and Professional Experiences

The purpose of the present study was to understand how therapists were experiencing the #MeToo movement, both personally and professionally. In an anonymous online survey (via Qualtrics) sent to multiple therapist listservs and Facebook pages, training programs, and personal contacts, we asked therapists to respond to four open-ended questions about (a) their personal reactions to the #MeToo movement, (b) their clients’ reactions, (c) their subsequent interactions with clients, and (d) their ideas for change going forward. The convenience sample of 59 consisted of mostly liberal and feminist psychologists and counselors. They identified with diverse gender, racial/ethnic, and sexual orientation statuses, but most (78%) identified as women and over half (59%) as European American/White. We analyzed written narratives using grounded theory and consensual qualitative research methods. Six higher-order themes emerged: personal histories and reactions to the movement, complexities of response (optimism and concern), societal context shared by therapists and clients, clinical realities impacted by #MeToo, using standard and context-specific therapeutic strategies, and future directions (what therapists can do). We discuss findings in light of shared trauma (or shared reality), in which participants navigated their histories of sexual violence and media exposure while responding to clients, friends, family, and colleagues with similar experiences. Participants noted the need for increased self-care, as well as growth areas for the field, including the need for therapists to have increased awareness of issues of gender and power, intersectionality, and sexual violence treatment. Implications for the field and future research are discussed.

Function of Trunk-Mediated "Greeting" Behaviours between Male African Elephants: Insights from Choice of Partners.

Simple SummaryDespite our common connotations with the term “greeting”, such behaviours in non-human societies are not exclusively employed in the context of reunion. For example, these multimodal signals can function to test bonds, promote cooperation, or facilitate further positive interactions between individuals, as well as to ease tension and update uncertain relationships at reunion events. A common behaviour in male elephants is for a male to direct his trunk to a same-sex conspecific’s mouth, temporal gland, or genitals. Such behaviours are often labelled as greetings, and in addition to being gestural and tactile signals, may simultaneously enable olfactory assessment of aspects of the target male’s phenotype. We analysed trunk-mediated greetings performed by different aged male elephants at aggregations in an all-male area. Despite considerable mixing of new potential interactors, in a system with high fission-fusion dynamics, we found no evidence that males preferentially targeted elephants met new at aggregations with greetings. Adolescents greeted at higher rates than adults. All males, apart from older adolescents preferably greeted age-matched males. In male-male elephant communication, these behaviours likely function to facilitate further positive interaction, or assess aspects of phenotype between similar aged males occupying the same ecological space, rather than as a reunion display.A common behavioural interaction between male African elephants is for an actor to direct his trunk to contact a same sex conspecific’s mouth, temporal gland, or genital region. Such behaviours are often referred to as “greetings”. Along with its inherent tactile element, these behaviours also likely provide olfactory information to actors concerning aspects of the target’s phenotype, including sexual status, feeding history, individual identity, and emotional state. Here, we explore whether the age and novelty of potential interactors affect the choice of individuals targeted by male African elephants for these trunks to scent emitting organ (SEO) behaviours at social hotspots in a male-dominated area. Male elephants of all ages, except older adolescents aged 16–20 years, preferentially targeted elephants of the same age class for trunk-to-SEO behaviours. Elephants younger than 26 years did not direct trunk-to-SEO behaviours to mature bulls (26+ years) more than expected by chance, suggesting these behaviours are not primarily used for younger males to establish contact with, or obtain information from or about older, more experienced individuals. We also found no evidence that males directed these behaviours preferentially to new individuals they encountered at male aggregations (compared to those they arrived in groups with), suggesting these behaviours are not primarily employed by males as a reunion display to establish relationships between new individuals or update relationships between familiar individuals separated over time. Age-mates may be preferentially targeted with these behaviours as a means to facilitate further interaction with partners (e.g., for sparring activity), or as a safe way to assess relative dominance rank in similarly aged and hence, size and strength, matched dyads. Our results suggest male African elephants use close contact trunk-to-SEO behaviours continuously over time, to facilitate positive relationships, test willingness to interact, and assess aspects of phenotype, between males occupying the same ecological space.

Sexual Behaviors and HIV Status: A Population-Based Study among Youths and Adults in Tanzania

HIV remains a global epidemic in the world, especially in African countries, despite various efforts to reduce the spread of this disease. Eastern Africa nations, specifically Tanzania, are one of the top ten HIV infected countries with approximately 80% of its population living with HIV. Heterosexual intercourse remains the most common method of HIV transmission in these countries, and efforts that improve responsible sexual intercourse would help limit the spread of the virus.

Improved body image after uterovaginal prolapse surgery with or without hysterectomy.

The objective was to compare body image and sexual activity and function changes up to 3years after sacrospinous ligament fixation with graft hysteropexy or vaginal hysterectomy with uterosacral ligament suspension (hysterectomy). This was a planned secondary analysis of a multi-center randomized trial of women undergoing prolapse repair with mesh hysteropexy versus hysterectomy. Women were masked to intervention. The modified Body Image Scale (BIS), sexual activity status, and Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire, IUGA-Revised (PISQ-IR) scores were reported at baseline and 1.5, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 36months after surgery. We compared mean BIS and PISQ-IR scores, the proportion of women whose BIS scores met a distribution-based estimate of the minimally important difference (MID), and sexual activity status. Comparisons were analyzed with linear and logistic repeated measures models adjusted for site, intervention, visit, and intervention by visit interaction. Eighty-eight women underwent mesh hysteropexy; 87 underwent hysterectomy. Women were similar with regard to baseline characteristics, mean age 65.9 ± 7.3years, and most had stage III or IV prolapse (81%). Baseline mean BIS scores were not significantly different, improved in both groups by 1.5months, and were sustained through 36months with no differences between groups (all p > 0.05). The estimated BIS MID was 3; and by 36months, more women in the mesh hysteropexy group achieved the MID than in the hysterectomy group (62% vs 44%, p = 0.04). The makeup of the sexually active cohort changed throughout the study, making function comparisons difficult. Body image improves following prolapse surgery whether or not hysterectomy is performed or transvaginal mesh is used at the time of repair; sexual activity status changes over time following prolapse surgery.

Sexual Behavior and Substance Use in Adolescence and Young Adulthood: Non-specific Associations Between a Range of Sexual Behaviors and Alcohol, Nicotine, and Marijuana Use

Sexual behaviors and substance use exhibit high rates of co-occurrence and similar patterns of age-related change, with typical initiation in middle adolescence followed by large increases in late adolescence and emerging adulthood. Because adolescent sexual behaviors are associated with negative health consequences including sexually-transmitted infections and substance use, adolescent sexual behaviors are often conceptualized within a health-risk framework. Sexual development, however, is a normative process important for healthy psychosocial adjustment, with the timing (early vs later initiation) and context (casual vs romantic partner) of sexual behaviors influencing their association with health risks. We tested whether seven common sexual behaviors could be conceptualized as markers along a continuum of sexual development (e.g., from kissing and making out to oral, vaginal, and anal sex) and then examined their associations with various measures of substance use in a sample of adolescents and young adults (N = 626; ages 13-22 years old). We found a 2-parameter logistic item response theory model provided a good fit to the prevalence and covariance among the sexual behaviors, with each behavior holding a different location on a trait representing the progression of sexual development. Each sexual behavior was associated with greater substance use even after adjusting for an early initiation of sexual behavior, current age, biological sex, and socioeconomic status. The results indicate that even normative sexual behaviors have strong and non-specific associations with substance use in adolescence and emerging adulthood.

Words matter: Labelling, bias and stigma in nursing

Words matter: Labelling, bias and stigma in nursing

Prevalence of human papillomavirus (Papillomaviridae; Human papillomavirus) of high carcinogenic risk based on the results of screening of three anatomical loci in men stratified by sexual behavior and HIV status

Human papillomavirus (HPV) of high carcinogenic risk (HCR), in addition to being the etiological agent of cervical cancer, also contribute to development of cancer of the anus, vagina, penis, vulva and oropharyngeal cancer. In this connection, further study of the biological properties of this agent and its prevalence in different populations is an urgent task.The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence of HCR HPV in three anatomical loci in men stratified by HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection status (negative, HIV+/positive/HIV-) as well as by sexual behavior: men who have sex with men (MSM), heterosexual men (HM). The study included 256 men from Moscow and Moscow region: 73 МSМ/HIV+, 66 МSМ/ HIV-, 58 HM/HIV+, and 59 HM/HIV-. All men were tested for 14 HCR genotypes of HPV (16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, and 68). Smears were taken from three anatomical loci: urethra, anus, oropharynx. Testing was preformed using real-time polymerase chain reaction assay (PCR-RT). The highest prevalence of HCR HPV detection, regardless of the locus, was recorded for МSМ/HIV+ (82.2%), and the lowest for HM/HIV (20.3%). The highest detection of HCR HPV in scrapings of epithelial cells from anus was recorded for МSМ/HIV+ (79.5%). The highest incidence of this pathogen in oropharynx also was registered for МSМ/HIV+ (13.7%). The highest incidence of HCR HPV in scrapings of epithelial cells from urethra was recorded for HM/HIV+ (24%). The prevalence of HCR HPV among men was found to differ markedly depending on the anatomical locus, HIV status and sexual behavior. For the first time, there were obtained data on the prevalence of HCR HPV in men with different patterns of sexual behavior and HIV status in the Moscow region. Screening for HCR HPV in male population based on the identification of 14 genotypes of the virus in three anatomical loci (urethra, oropharynx, anus) by PCR-RT will provide the information necessary to improve the system of epidemiological monitoring and proper planning of preventive measures among men with any risk factors for HPV persistence (presence of HIV infection and/or belonging to the MSM group). HPV screening algorithm development is required for men considering their HIV status and sexual behavior. We recommend testing for 14 HCR HPV genotypes in three loci (urethra, anus, oropharynx).

Disparities in the frequency of tobacco products use by sexual identity status

BackgroundLargely absent from the literature are studies examining differences in tobacco use frequency among sexual minority populations versus heterosexuals. The current study examined the frequency of tobacco product use (i.e., cigarette, e-cigarettes and cigars, smokeless tobacco, hookah, and heated tobacco products) among sexual minority students versus heterosexuals (straight). MethodsData from the 2020 National Youth Tobacco Survey (n = 14,531) were analyzed to examine the association between sexual identity (lesbian or gay, bisexual, not sure, and heterosexual or straight) and tobacco use frequency. Negative binomial regression and zero-inflated negative binomial models were used to assess the association between sexual identity and each tobacco use frequency among current and ever users. ResultsCurrent e-cigarettes users who identified as gay or lesbian used e-cigarette more frequently than heterosexual students. Multivariable count regression analysis showed that the e-cigarette use frequency in the past 30 days was significantly higher for gays or lesbians (IRR 1.45, 95% CI, 1.19–1.76) compared to heterosexuals. Similarly, gay or lesbian students who were current hookah users on average reported 81% more days of hookah use (IRR, 1.81, 95% CI, 1.08–3.03). The frequency of cigarette smoking was also significantly higher among bisexual cigarette smokers. No significant differences were found in other tobacco product use frequencies between sexual minority and heterosexual youths. ConclusionSexual identity was associated with tobacco use frequency, especially for e-cigarettes and hookah. Elevated tobacco use among sexual minority groups deserves special consideration among a population group that is highly vulnerable to marketing and advertisement targeting.

Willingness of post-exposure prophylaxis and possible related factors in men who have sex with men

Objective: To analyze the willingness of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) to prevent HIV transmission and related factors in men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods: Cross sectional survey design was used in this study. After informed consent, MSM aged 18 years or above and having had homosexual anal or oral sex in the past 6 months were recruited through "i WeChat" official account between September and November, 2019. Results: Of 1 517 MSM were surveyed, the proportion of MSM who had ever heard of PEP were 72.5% (1 100/1 517) and 87.9%(1 333/1 517) of the MSM said they would like to use PEP if it is needed.Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that aged above 25 year (OR=1.807, 95%CI: 1.090-2.995), HIV test history (OR=1.953, 95%CI: 1.171-3.256) and being aware of PEP (OR=2.163, 95%CI: 1.468-3.186) were the positive factors for PEP use, but an aware of the HIV status of sexual partner was the negative factor for PEP (OR=0.602, 95%CI: 0.407-0.890). Among MSM who had ever heard of PEP, the positive factors for PEP use included living in Zhejiang (OR=1.942, 95%CI: 1.097-3.438), aged above 25 years (OR=2.431, 95%CI: 1.331-4.439), being aware of PEP (OR=3.714, 95%CI: 1.532-9.007) obtaining information about PEP service from MSM organization/volunteer/health organization. Conclusions: MSM's willingness to use PEP services was relatively high. Age, awareness of PEP related knowledge, and awareness of sexual partner's HIV infection status were the related factors. MSM organization/volunteer/health organization were the main forces for PEP promotion in MSM.

Sexual Violence at University: Are Indigenous Students More at Risk?

University-based sexual violence prevalence is worryingly high and leads to many serious consequences for health and academic achievement. Although previous work has documented greater risk for sexual violence among Indigenous Peoples, little is known about university-based sexual violence experienced by Indigenous students. Using a large-scale study of university-based sexual violence in Canada, the current study aims to (1) examine the risk of sexual violence against Indigenous students compared to non-Indigenous students, and (2) to document sexual violence experiences of Indigenous students. Undergraduate students from six universities (N = 5,627) completed online questionnaires regarding their experience and consequences of university-based sexual violence (e.g., forms of sexual violence experiences, gender, and status of the perpetrator, context of the violence, PTSD, disclosure). Findings indicated that compared with their non-Indigenous peers, Indigenous students experienced significantly higher levels of sexual harassment. However, no difference was found for unwanted sexual behaviors, nor for sexual violence contexts. Among Indigenous students, those having experienced sexual violence after age 18 (outside university) were more likely to report university-based sexual violence. Overall, findings highlight that Indigenous students, as well as non-Indigenous students, experience university-based sexual violence. Given their history, Indigenous students may have different needs, so sustainable policies that foster cultural safety on all campuses are clearly needed.

Sexual consent cues among sexual minority men in the United States

ABSTRACT Sexual consent research often focuses on how those who identify as heterosexual communicate consent, with limited research examining how sexual minority (SM) men communicate consent. Factors that influence how people communicate consent – such as the type of sexual behaviour being consented to and the relationship status of those engaged in sexual behaviour – is understudied among SM men. The purpose of this exploratory study was to assess how SM men communicate sexual consent and examine if these factors influence how men consent to sex. SM men (N = 234) were recruited from social media and Qualtrics’ panel. Participants completed an open-ended survey assessing how consent was communicated during oral and anal sex and who their partner was during this encounter. Responses were analysed using an inductive coding approach. Six overarching consent cues emerged: Explicit Verbal, Explicit Nonverbal, No-Response, Implicit Nonverbal, Virtual Consent and Implicit Verbal. Sexual consent communication appeared to vary by sexual behaviour and relationship status. Overall, SM men and people who identify as heterosexual appear to communicate sexual consent similarly; however, some new cues emerged for SM men. Consent education initiatives should consider findings from more diverse populations when discussing sexual consent to take a more inclusive approach to sexual health education.

Effect of Nursing Counseling Guided by BETTER Model on Sexuality, Marital Satisfaction and Psychological Status among Breast Cancer Women

Background: Breast cancer is one of the main problems related to women's health, and the various forms of treatment can lead to bodily changes and significantly alter women's sexuality and psychological status. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nursing counseling guided by BETTER model on sexuality, marital Satisfaction and psychological status among breast cancer women. Design: A quasi-experimental research design. Setting: The study was conducted at an Outpatient clinic, Oncology Institute, Menoufia University - Egypt. Sampling: A purposive sample, composed of 87 women was recruited in the study. Tools: Six tools were used for data collection a) A Structured interviewing questionnaire b) Female sexual function index (FSFI) c) Body image scale d) ENRICH marital satisfaction scale E) Tylor anxiety scale (Arabic version) f) Perceived stress scale (PSS). The results: This study showed that there was a highly significant difference at study participants sexuality, marital satisfaction and psychological status pre and post application of nursing counseling guided by BETTER model. Conclusion: Application of nursing counseling guided by BETTER model had high significant impact on improving sexuality, marital satisfaction and psychological status of breast cancer women undergoing treatment. Recommendation: Adopt a BETTER sexual model of counseling for management of sexual dysfunction and psychological problems in breast cancer institutions. Ongoing education for maternity nurses on the impact of breast cancer treatment on women's sexuality and psychological status, as well as strategies to address women's sexual and psychological problems.

Low Dose, High Frequency Movement Based Dilator Therapy for Dyspareunia: Retrospective Analysis of 26 Cases.

IntroductionWhile two-thirds of women will experience dyspareunia and vaginal dilators are often used to treat dyspareunia, outside of a single case report, no study has investigated the potential of low-dose, high frequency movement-based dilator therapy for dyspareunia in premenopausal female patients.AimTo determine the utility of low-dose, high frequency movement-based dilator use for dyspareunia in premenopausal female patients.MethodsRetrospective study of women presenting to outpatient hospital-based pelvic floor physical therapy office in a tertiary care center. All adult premenopausal female patients who were referred to pelvic floor physical therapy for dyspareunia and completed movement-based dilator therapy (MBDT) and met study criteria (n = 26) were included for analysis.Main Outcome MeasurePatient change in pain level status using Numeric Pain Rating Scale with intercourse was compared between initial evaluation and time of discharge from pelvic floor physical therapy.ResultsAmong the 26 women who met criteria for this study, the average pain score decreased from 8.3 (SD 2.2) before treatment to 1.3 (SD 2.0) after treatment and was statistically significant (P< .001). Complete resolution of dyspareunia was reported in 58% of patients. Patients completed between 2 and 6 total pelvic floor physical therapy visits (average 3.7, SD1.5), over 0–44 weeks (mean 9.6 weeks, SD 8.3).ConclusionLow-dose, high frequency, movement-based dilator therapy significantly reduced or resolved the experience of pain with penetrative vaginal intercourse with dyspareunia. Future prospective studies with larger samples and the inclusion of sexual functional status should be considered to explore the full potential of this modality in treatment of premenopausal patients with dyspareunia. Miles K, Miles S. Low Dose, High Frequency Movement Based Dilator Treatment for Dyspareunia: Retrospective Analysis of 26 Cases. Sex Med 2021;9:100344.

Social and Behavioral Correlates of Sexually Transmitted Infections among Men who Have Sex with Men who Use Alcohol in the San Francisco Bay Area.

The risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among men who have sex with men (MSM) is driven by various socio-behavioral factors. From 2015-2017, 247 MSM ≥ 18 years-old who reported alcohol use in the past year, were recruited into a cross-sectional study in San Francisco. Participants completed a survey assessing socio-demographics, substance use and treatment, sexual behaviors, HIV status and self-reported STI diagnosis in the past 6 months. Multivariable logistic regression models stratified by HIV status were used to identify the correlates of STIs. Of 247 MSM, the prevalence of bacterial STIs were: gonorrhea (12.9%), chlamydia (9.3%) and syphilis (6.0%). Among 177 MSM living without HIV, factors significantly associated with recent STI diagnosis were: current pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use (aOR = 3.53, 95% CI: 1.42–8.75, p ≤ .01), popper use during sex in the past 6 months (aOR = 3.16, 95% CI = 1.34–7.47, p ≤ .01) and a history of alcohol treatment (aOR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.04–0.68, p = .01). Also, in a sensitivity analysis (removing PrEP), any receptive condomless anal sex was independently associated with recent STI diagnosis (aOR = 2.86, 95% CI = 1.15–7.08, p = .02). Among 70 MSM living with HIV, factors significantly associated with recent STI diagnosis were: White race/ethnicity (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 7.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.48–36.62, p = .01), younger age (aOR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.84–0.97, p < .01) and a higher number of male sexual partners in the past 6 months (aOR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.00–1.06, p = .02). Sexual health interventions that address the unique needs of MSM living with and without HIV who use alcohol in San Francisco are needed to reduce STI acquisition and transmission.