Sexual Perpetration Research Articles

A Systematic Review of the Relationship Between Neurodiversity and Psychosexual Functioning in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

The scientific literature on psychosexual functioning shows a range of outcomes for individuals with neurodiversity. The aim of this article was to synthesize and critically evaluate evidence regarding psychosexual selfhood (orientation), behaviors and experiences in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to prioritize further research and identify interventions to reduce risk. A systematic review of the literature that compared sexual orientation, behavior and experiences of individuals with ASD or ADHD with those of neurotypical peers was performed in AMED, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycARTICLES and PsycINFO, Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection, Child Development and Adolescent Studies databases (supplemented by hand-searching of reference lists). Seventeen ASD and nineteen ADHD studies met inclusion criteria. Overall, the studies reviewed suggest poorer psychosexual functioning for individuals with ASD or ADHD compared to neurotypical peers, including a lack of satisfaction in their sexual relationships, sexual dysfunction, risky sexual behaviors, and victimization. This appears to be more marked for females. Individuals with ASD were more likely to identify with a non-heterosexual orientation compared with neurotypical peers. The study identifies gaps in our knowledge relating to risky sexual behaviors (in particular, those relating to sexual health and vulnerability to sexual victimization and perpetration). The public health implications of the findings are discussed. Future research is needed to clarify the mechanisms by which individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders may be at increased risk of adverse psychosexual outcomes and identify interventions that may mediate outcomes.

Alcohol, drug use and experiences of sexual violence victimisation among first-year college students in Ireland

ABSTRACT Sexual violence victimisation is common in college and first year presents a significant period of risk due to the navigation of alcohol, drugs and engaging in sexual intimacy. Cross-sectional data were analysed from 1,778 first-year college students, aged between 18 and 25 years. Experience of different forms of sexual violence victimisation and perpetrator tactics used were explored, along with the reported alcohol and drug use habits of victims. Results found that sexual violence through incapacitation was the most frequently reported tactic among all students. Hazardous alcohol consumption was significantly associated with higher rates of experience of all forms of sexual violence since beginning college among female students, and significantly associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing unwanted sexual touching for male students. There were gender differences in the associations between drug types and forms of sexual violence experienced. All drugs assessed predicted an increased risk of experiencing rape among female students, while cocaine, ecstasy and ketamine were associated with an increased risk of rape among male students. Further investigation is required into the context and environments in which different drug types are taken. The findings provide a strong rationale for including alcohol and drug use education as part of future sexual health and consent education programmes for college students. PRACTICE IMPACT STATEMENT This study has implications for the promotion of positive sexual health and the reduction of sexual violence victimisation among college students. In order to understand the forces at play regarding sexual consent practices among students it is necessary to recognise the contexts in which these incidents occur. This research informs third-level institutions (i.e. universities, third-level colleges) on the importance of including alcohol and drug use as part of effective sexual consent education programming due to the frequent overlap of substance use and sexual experiences among this particular cohort.

Minority Stress and Intimate Partner Violence among Sexual and Gender Minorities assigned Female at Birth.

Sexual and gender minorities assigned female at birth (SGM-AFAB) experience high rates of intimate partner violence (IPV). Using multiwave longitudinal data, the present study tested the following associations of minority stress and IPV among SGM-AFAB: concurrent within-person (i.e., whether changes in minority stress co-occur with changes in IPV), prospective within-person (i.e., whether changes in minority stressors precede changes in IPV), and between-persons (i.e., whether individuals who experience more minority stress, on average, experience more IPV). Data were from Waves 1-7 (spanning 3.5 years) of a longitudinal cohort study of 488 young SGM-AFAB. At each wave, participants reported on SGM victimization, sexual orientation microaggressions, internalized heterosexism, and five types of IPV for up to three partners in the past six months. Controlling for other minority stress experiences, microaggressions showed concurrent within-person associations with two types of IPV victimization (psychological and coercive control) and three types of IPV perpetration (psychological, physical, and sexual), and between-persons associations with psychological IPV victimization and coercive control victimization and perpetration. Microaggressions also had a significant prospective within-persons association with SGM-specific IPV perpetration. SGM victimization showed no unique within-person associations with IPV but, between-persons, was associated with all types of IPV victimization (except coercive control), and psychological and sexual IPV perpetration. Internalized heterosexism was not associated with any IPV outcome. Minority stress, particularly distal stressors, appear to contribute to risk for IPV among SGM-AFAB. Clinicians working with SGM-AFAB individuals in relationships may benefit from screening for experiences of minority stress.

Edukasi Pencegahan Kekerasan Seksual di SMAN 1 Mulak Ulu Kabupaten Lahat Sumatera Selatan

The rise of cases of sexual violence that occur in educational settings makes it important to do education to increase students' knowledge about forms of sexual violence and prevention efforts based on Law No. 12 of 2022 concerning Crimes of Sexual Violence. This activity was carried out using the approach of providing information and understanding to students and the school through the zoom platform, with the hope that students who are familiar with forms of sexual violence and laws regarding criminal acts of sexual violence can avoid sexual violence, both as victims and perpetrators. The achievement of this socialization goal can be seen from the students who can explain and classify forms of sexual violence according to Law No. 12 of 2022 and the school's commitment to creating a safe educational environment.

Perceived Dangerousness Mediates Punitive Attitudes Toward Sex Offenders: Results From a Vignette Experiment

The current study used an experimental vignette ( n = 1,093) to examine the effects of perpetrator sex and age, and victim sex and age, on simulated juror sentencing recommendations for individuals convicted of sexual offenses (ICSO). Path analyses were used to see if differences in punitive attitudes could be explained by perceptions of dangerousness participants attached to experimentally manipulated variables, as hypothesized by attribution theorists. Results show that participants consistently recommended longer sentences, higher fines, and indicated greater support for post-release sanctions for male offenders, older perpetrators, and for offenders who victimized younger adolescents. Path analysis demonstrated that perceptions of dangerousness partially mediated the relationship between experimentally manipulated predictor variables and recommended sentence length, providing partial support for attribution theory.

Measuring sexual violence perpetration acknowledgment: Testing the effects of label and response format.

Individual acknowledgment of sexual assault and rape perpetration is extraordinarily low in prior research. Only about 1% of individuals report perpetrating rape, in contrast to the 6% perpetrating rape as estimated by using behaviorally specific items that exclude stigmatized words such as rape. The goal of this study was to examine two possible measurement mechanisms for increasing perpetration acknowledgment: label choice and response format. In Sample 1 (N = 291), participants completed two acknowledgment items which varied in label choice. One item used the term rape; one used the term sexual assault. Acknowledgment of perpetration using the label sexual assault was significantly higher than when using the term rape (6.38%-1.71%, p = .01, Cohen's d = 0.44). In Sample 2 (N = 438), participants were presented with a scaled and a dichotomous sexual assault item at different parts of the overall survey. Sexual assault acknowledgment was higher on the scaled item compared to the dichotomous item (15.75% vs. 3.2%, p < .0001, Cohen's d = 0.64). Rates of sexual perpetration as measured behaviorally were higher for ambiguous acknowledgment types ("might or might not," "probably not") than for those reporting "definitely not," (76.81% vs. 29.0%, p < .0001, Cohen's d = 0.59). The two different measurement strategies tested here, using a less stigmatized label such as sexual assault and using a scaled response format, both increased rates of perpetration acknowledgment 3-15x greater than rates documented in prior research.

The Art of Seduction: Male Endorsement of Coercive and Willful Sex Tactics.

The body of sexual assault research historically focuses on survivors, specifically female survivors. Examining the beliefs of men who endorse sexually violent or coercive behavior fills an important gap in the literature. The current study surveyed 420 male participants on their endorsement of coercive dating tactics as provided in a best-selling men's dating book, as well as endorsement of dating tactics generated from a sexual willingness framework. Overall, approximately 25% of male participants reported using or endorsing coercive sexual tactics. Several demographic factors and experiences related to higher endorsement of the coercive tactics, including past or present involvement in a fraternity, knowing a sexual assault perpetrator, affiliating with a religion, and frequent pornography viewing. The same individual factors related to endorsing the coercive tactics were associated with endorsing the willful tactics as well. Implications for greater representation in research for sexual minorities are discussed, as well as future direction for effective consent education.

Historicising the perpetrators of sexual violence: global perspectives from the modern world

ABSTRACT This special issue seeks to re-situate perpetrators at the heart of discussions of sexually coercive behaviour. Acts of sexual aggression are intrinsically connected to historically contingent gender dynamics, as well as by social structures which foster the circumstances for sexual assault. In a wide range of geopolitical contexts, the perpetrators of sexual violence have been protected by ineffective and intrusive police, prosecution and court systems which ultimately place the burden of proof on victims, and by patriarchal social structures in which aggressors are more likely to occupy positions of power which can be exploited with impunity. Our contributors come from varied disciplinary backgrounds, including anthropology, sociology, media studies and history to explore perceptions and characteristics of sexual perpetrators in a range of geographical and cultural contexts. Throughout their work, the term ‘perpetrator’ emerges as both the individual agent of crime as well as the institutions, social structures, and discourses which facilitate and accommodate sexual violence. By recognising the historical contingency of sexual perpetrators, we eschew essentialising worldviews which present sexual harm as natural and immutable.

Moral foundations and perceptions of rape in Colombia (Fundamentos morales y percepciones del abuso sexual en Colombia)

ABSTRACT Two studies addressed links between moral foundations, political attitudes, religiosity and perceptions of rape in Colombian respondents. In Study 1, the authors developed a Colombian version of the Moral Foundations Questionnaire (MFQ). In Study 2, the MFQ was further validated in relation to the acceptance of modern myths about sexual aggression (AMMSA), victim vs. perpetrator blaming regarding a rape vignette, political orientation and attitudes towards religion. Results showed that the Colombian MFQ was more reliable than an existing Spanish version. Endorsement of conservative foundations (ingroup loyalty, obedience to authority and purity) predicted right-wing political attitudes, higher religiosity, higher AMMSA and more rape victim blaming. Conversely, endorsement of liberal foundations (care and justice) predicted lower SDO and less rape victim blaming. These results replicate and extend previous work, including the critique that conservative foundations may reflect amoral attitudes rather than universal moral intuitions. Implications and requirements for further research are discussed.

Savile’s shadow: exceptionalism and shifting historical perpetration narratives, 1964–2012

ABSTRACT Jimmy Savile’s death in 2011, and subsequent unmasking as a sexually violent perpetrator, led to collective trauma and much social reflection in the UK. This article, drawing on public archival sources such as press reportage, broadcast media, cultural pieces, and political debate, overlays the Savile case onto a historically contiguous period of shifting child sexual abuse perpetration narratives. This runs broadly from 1964, when Savile first appeared on the BBC show Top of the Pops, until 2012. It argues that contrary to many 2010s public appraisals which suggested lacunas in the historical record, sexual violence was represented heavily, often via allusion and euphemism. This historical framework also reveals an ‘exceptionalist’ representational metanarrative, disproportionately foregrounding sensational, stranger-led, dehumanised depictions of perpetrators at the expense – albeit not total – of more common paradigms in familial and domestic spheres. Over time, this created inexact understandings of perpetrators which worsened the experiences of survivors. The Savile case represents a window into these features, given thematic and temporal overlaps, and urges us to deconstruct this metanarrative. Methodologically, academic and public discourses might also draw on the episode in order to think more usefully about perpetration through the lenses of historical method, proportionality and reflexivity.

Coping Strategies of Inmates in Dealing with Stigma as Sexual Harassment Perpetrators: A Case Study

WBP pelaku pelecehan seksual umumnya mendapatkan stigma dan diskriminasi, yaitu diperlakukan semena-mena, dikucilkan, dipukuli serta diberi label “monster”. Stigma dan diskriminasi yang diberikan berdampak pada psikologis dan sosial WBP. Untuk mengatasi masalah akibat perilaku stigma tersebut, WBP perlu strategi yang efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan strategi koping WBP laki-laki dalam menghadapi stigma sebagai pelaku pelecehan seksual di dalam Lapas Penelitian ini dilakukan di sebuah Lembaga Pemasyarakatan di Jawa Tengah dengan metode studi kasus. Sampel berjumlah lima WBP yang diambil secara purposive dengan kriteria yaitu WBP pelaku pelecehan seksual yang mengalami stigma berdasarkan kuesioner Perceived and Public Stigma, berusia minimal 18 tahun, tidak buta huruf, komunikatif, mampu menyampaikan pendapat dan bersedia menjadi partisipan. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah panduan wawancara terstruktur. Proses wawancara direkam menggunakan Digital Voice Recorder, kemudian dibuat transkrip dan dianalisis menggunakan metode Colaizi. Dari hasil analisis data disimpulkan adanya dua tema strategi koping WBP menghadap stigmatisasi yaitu mendiamkan orang yang mengejek untuk menghindari keributan dan melawan orang yang mengejek. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan dari penelitian ini bahwa strategi koping yang digunakan oleh WBP pelaku pelecehan seksual ketika mengalami stigmatisasi yaitu diam atau melawan. Diam merupakan koping yang maladaptif, namun menjadi koping yang paling aman selama WBP di LAPAS untuk menghindari pertengkaran antar WBP.

Sexual Narcissism and Hypersexuality Relate to Sexual Coercion in Hookups among U.S. University Students.

Sexual violence remains a prevalent issue on college campuses. Sexual coercion, a form of sexual violence, is frequently employed within casual sexual encounters (i.e., hookups). The present study investigated hypersexuality and sexual narcissism as unique predictors of sexual coercion and examined whether there were gender differences in these associations. Participants (N = 793, ages 18-25) were undergraduate students at a large southeastern university who have: (1) engaged in sexual activity within the past six months and (2) had at least one prior hookup experience. Respondents completed surveys online assessing levels of sexual narcissism, hypersexuality, and sexual coercion perpetration in hookups. Participants primarily identified as female (71.7%), White (84.2%), and heterosexual (86.6%), with an average of 9.77 sexual engagements per month. Bivariate correlations and independent samples t-tests were conducted to examine associations between and gender differences across study variables, respectively. We assessed the factor structure of study variables using confirmatory factor analysis and tested hypotheses using structural equation modeling. Compared to women, men scored higher on sexual exploitation and all hypersexuality subscales. After establishing good-fitting measurement models, we found that both sexual narcissism and hypersexuality predicted increased sexual coercion perpetration and that gender did not moderate these associations. Study findings demonstrated that sexual narcissism and hypersexuality are risk factors for sexual coercion perpetration in hookups across gender. Although associations were consistent across gender, men may report higher levels of sexual coercion perpetration risk factors. Future researchers could focus on gender differences in the etiology of sexual coercion risk factors.

Factors Associated With Contact Sexual Offending Among a Non-Forensic Sample of Women With Sexual Interest in Children - Results From an Anonymous Online Survey.

This study aimed at assessing the extent to which factors associated with male child sexual offending may also be applicable to women with a self-identified sexual interest in children. Participants (n = 42) took part in an anonymous online survey covering questions about general characteristics, general sexuality, sexual interest in children, and previously-perpetrated contact child sexual abuse. Group comparisons between women who reported committing contact child sexual abuse compared to those who had not were conducted in terms of sample characteristics. Furthermore, the two groups were compared regarding the factors of high sexual activity, use of child abuse material, indication of ICD-11 pedophilic disorder diagnosis, exclusivity of sexual interest in children, emotional congruence with children, and childhood maltreatment. Our results revealed that high sexual activity, indication of ICD-11 pedophilic disorder diagnosis, exclusivity of sexual interest in children, and emotional congruence with children were associated with previous contact child sexual abuse perpetration. We recommend further research on potential risk factors relating to child sexual abuse on the part of women.

Examining Longitudinal Associations Between Future Orientation and Multiple Forms of Youth Violence Perpetration

PurposeFuture orientation, defined as hopes and aspirations for the future, is gaining promise as a cross-cutting protective factor against youth violence. This study assessed how future orientation longitudinally predicted multiple forms of violence perpetration among minoritized male youth in neighborhoods made vulnerable by concentrated disadvantage. MethodsData were drawn from a sexual violence (SV) prevention trial among 817 predominately African American male youth, ages 13 to 19, residing in neighborhoods disproportionately impacted by community violence. We used latent class analysis to create baseline future orientation profiles of participants. Mixed effects models examined how future orientation classes predicted multiple forms of violence perpetration (i.e., weapon violence, bullying, sexual harassment, non-partner SV, and intimate partner SV) at 9-month follow-up. ResultsLatent class analysis yielded four classes, with nearly 80% of youth belonging to moderately high and high future orientation classes. We found significant overall associations between latent class and weapon violence, bullying, sexual harassment, non-partner SV, and SV (all p < .01). While patterns of association differed across each type of violence, violence perpetration was consistently highest among youth in the low-moderate future orientation class. Compared to youth in the low future orientation class, youth in the low-moderate class had higher odds of bullying (odds ratio 3.51, 95% confidence interval: 1.56–7.91) and sexual harassment perpetration (odds ratio 3.44, 95% confidence interval: 1.49–7.94). DiscussionThe longitudinal relationship between future orientation and youth violence may not be linear. Greater attention to nuanced patterns of future orientation may better inform interventions seeking to harness this protective factor to reduce youth violence.

Criminological characteristics of sexual assault perpetrators: a Tunisian study

IntroductionIn Tunisia, Sexual assaults constitute a pervasive problem that concerns the health care system and the country’s judicial authorities alike.ObjectivesThe aims of our study were to estimate the incidence of sexual assault encountered in the context of forensic psychiatric assessment and to assess the criminological profile of sexual assault perpetrators.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of a series of sexual assault perpetrators examined in a forensic psychiatric assessment in the psychiatry C department at Hedi Chaker university Hospital in Sfax, from January 2010 to December 2021.ResultsOver the period of 11 years (2010 to 2021), we collected 374 forensic psychiatric assessment files. Among them, 49 were those of sexual assaults (13.10%). It was a rape assault in 54.4% of cases. Aggravating circumstances have been noted in 87% of cases. These were mainly assaults on minors (54.3%) and assaults associated with physical violence (38.4%).The victim gender was female in 63% of cases, with an average age of 21 years 9 months. and was among the relatives of the sexual assault perpetrator in 28.3% of cases.ConclusionsRape seems to represent a non-negligible proportion of the offenses motivating a forensic psychiatric assessment in Tunisia. Sexual assaults against minors are frequent, despite undeniable under-reporting.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Analisis Hukum terhadap Hukuman Kebiri Bagi pelaku Kekerasan Seksual Terhadap Anak Berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah No. 70 tahun 2020

Chemical castraction is done by injecting a person’s body containing chemical compuds in the form of anti-androgens so that production of the hormone testosterone decreases, so that sexual desire decreases. In the medical world, the hormone testosterone is a hormone that is very functional for male sexuality, if these chemical compounds enter the male vital organs, the compunds block the braind grlands so that no longer produce testosterone, and can reduce libido. The perpetrator of the first castraction sentence in Indonesia is Muhammad Aris he is 20 years old and has raped nine minors. Aris was sentenced to imprisonment for 12 years on May 2, 2019. With this incident, researchers are interested in citing the Legal Analysis of Sentce of Castraction for Perpetrators of Violence Againts Children Based on Government Regulation No. 70 of 2020. Formulation of the problem How to apply caism or castraction punishment in Indonesia in acts of violence Criminal acts of Violence Againts Children based on PP/70/2020 related to Chemical Castraction Methods, Placement of Electronic Detection Devices, Healing and Identity Development of Sexual Perpetrators against children? The Perspective of Human Rights (HAM) in the law of castraction against predators of child sexual violence based on PP/70/2020 regarding Methods of Implementing Chemical Castraction, Placement of Electronic Detection Devices, Healing, and Announcement of the Identity of Perpessstrators of Violence against children. The theory used in this paper is the theory of legal protection of legal legal protection. Research conducted by Library Research, using the inductive deductive method, the concludions drawn are correct. Based on the research conducted, it is known that chemical castration is by injecting it into the human body to reduce or even lose lust. These actions certainly violate human nature and make the perpetrators actually become termonted. The validity of the sentence is considered to have no humanity because it has violated the perpetrator. Legal expert, helath expert, and human rights activist support the law because sexual.

An Application of the Confluence Model of Sexual Aggression Among Young Adult Male Soldiers.

Sexual violence in the U.S. military is a serious concern. Whereas numerous studies document the prevalence of sexual violence among service members, far less research has examined etiological risk factors for sexual aggression perpetration among service members. The present study sought to evaluate the applicability of the Confluence Model of Sexual Aggression among a sample of young adult men engaged in active-duty military service within the U.S. Army. Anonymous surveys were completed by 326 male soldiers between the ages of 18 and 24 at a large military installation in the Southeastern region of the United tStates. Men's likelihood to engage in sexual aggression was operationalized as men's perceived likelihood to persist with sexual activity despite a partner's resistance. Aligning with the Confluence Model of Sexual Aggression, two composite variables reflecting hostile masculinity and tendency toward impersonal sex were created. A linear regression indicated that the main effects of hostile masculinity and impersonal sex were significantly associated with greater perceived likelihood of sexual aggression perpetration. Results also revealed that while the interaction term between hostile masculinity and impersonal sex was significant, the direction of the relationship suggests that the effect of impersonal sex is weaker at higher levels of hostile masculinity. These findings lend evidence to help identify those at elevated risk for perpetrating sexual aggression, as well as informing programmatic efforts to prevent sexual assault within the military.

Rape Myth Acceptance and Sexual Aggression Among College Men: Examining Perceived Peer Approval as a Moderating Risk Factor

ABSTRACT The current study examines the independent and interactive effects of rape-myth acceptance and perceived peer approval for sexual violence on men’s ability to recognize sexual assault within a written vignette, and on men’s prior sexual assault perpetration history. Participants included a sample of 610 first-year college men from a large Midwestern University in the United States. Men completed survey assessments of rape myth acceptance, perceived peer approval for sexual violence, and history sexual assault perpetration since the age of 14. Participants also rated the extent to which hypothetical vignettes portraying coercive sexual activity were considered to be sexual assault. Data indicated significant main effects of both rape myth acceptance and perceived peer approval on recognizing sexual assault and for prior perpetration of sexual assault. A significant interaction between rape myth acceptance and perceived peer approval for sexual violence was detected for prior perpetration of sexual assault, indicating that expression of rape myths may be inhibited when peers are seen as unsupportive. Interactive effects between rape myth acceptance and perceived peer approval for sexual violence were not detected for recognizing sexual assault. Implications for sexual assault prevention are discussed, including the possibility that combining rape myth education correction of peer norms may inhibit individuals from acting on rape myths.

Cyber Child Grooming on Social Media: Understanding the Factors and Finding the Modus Operandi

As technology advances, it gives rise to various modes of child sexual abuse. Forms of sexual abuse of children through technology can be categorized into several categories, including obscenity, approaching for sexual purposes, sexual chat, sexual extortion, and online sexual harassment. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors causing the occurrence of cyber child grooming crimes against children as well as the modus operandi of perpetrators in cyber child grooming crimes against children. The empirical normative technique is a type of research used by the author. The primary data source in this study is interview data obtained directly at the Bantul Class IIB Detention Centre. This study employs sociological and legal approach methods such as conceptual approaches, statutory approaches, and case-based approaches. Interviews with cyber child grooming offenders and data analysis using qualitative data analysis are among the methods used to collect data. Factors causing criminals to commit cyber child grooming crimes are obtaining sexual perpetrator satisfaction, environmental influences and the perpetrator's mindset, a low level of knowledge and understanding of social media use, opportunity, and the economy. The modus operandi of cyber child grooming includes ease of accessibility, relationship building, manipulation, sexual content, and risk management. Prisoner institutions, such as detention centres or prisons, are expected to always provide personality coaching (such as daily recitations, Qur'an reading, ablution procedures, and proper prayers) and independence coaching (such as skills education programs and job guidance) to cyber child grooming offenders so that the perpetrators do not commit their crimes again in the future.

Initial Test of a Model of Men’s Sexual Harassment Perpetration: Examining Indirect Effects of Social Dominance Orientation through Social Norms and Gender Role Discrepancy Stress

ABSTRACT Prior research is limited in the study of correspondence between online and in-person forms of sexual harassment (SH) among adult men as well as correlates of these behaviors. The present study assesses whether social dominance orientation (SDO; i.e., the tendency to reject equality and support hierarchy-legitimizing myths and behaviors) might be associated with increases in SH perpetration both online and in-person, perhaps through increases in perceived social support for SH and masculine gender role discrepancy stress. Among a sample of U.S. adult men (N = 167), results indicated that there were indirect effects of SDO on both in-person and online SH through increases in perceived social norms but not through masculine gender role discrepancy stress. A competing model, in which SDO mediates these associations, was not supported. Results support the use of social norms approaches to target perceived social norms, if these results are replicated within temporal designs.