Several Types Of Risks Research Articles

Risk management specifics in mineral water and beverage production under natural resources conservation

This paper studies two production enterprises of the same segment, which operate in different subjects of the Russian Federation. It shows how such sectoral enterprises develop, especially after the fight against the pandemic to the present day. The study of two enterprises from the Republic of Dagestan and Stavropol Krai revealed the necessity of increasing expenditure to reduce the risks associated with maintaining production positions in the sectoral market. It was found that net profit and revenue are not the most important indicators for assessing the economic security of production enterprises. The main criterion for assessing the company's ability to manage its own risks is the gross profit indicator. The research also revealed the priorities for management decisions for the industry as a whole, especially if the industry enterprise has to reduce several types of risk at the same time. The results and conclusions of the study are of great importance for industry enterprises at the present time because of the presence of some more significant risks of a different order for modern industry manufacturing organisations. Focusing on the gross profit indicator is the best way to ensure solvency and maintain economic sustainability for sectoral enterprises, including those operating in conditions of economic uncertainty.

Geopolitical risks and the banking sector

Geopolitical risks have come into the foreground recently as their effects on macroeconomy are analysed. This said, the banking sector is key due to its embeddedness in the economy and because risk management is an important part of the stability of financial systems. Banking regulations have quantified different types of risks over the past decades, but several types of risks can be considered in the model side by side with economic changes. One experiences the highest number of obstacles in preparing for risks that, one the one hand, are difficult to measure and, on the other hand, occur relatively infrequently but may exert a major impact on individual businesses or for the whole economy. Geopolitical risks belong to that group. In this paper, we survey the most significant geopolitical risks of the modern age and examine the corporate reports of banks in the US, Europe, and Asia to analyse the occurrence of terms relating to geopolitics. Then, we attempt to build an index which can help compare the regions more. Risk indexes have been on the rise recently following the conflicts of the past years. The risk index formed from corporate reports also correlates with geopolitical indexes found in other types of the literature.

The impact of innovation failure: Entrepreneurship adversity or opportunity?

Innovation is key to the economic performance of firms. However, several types of risks and uncertainties often lead to high failure rates in innovation projects, to the extent that failure is now considered a typical step in an innovation process. If innovation failure was provoking stress in the past, the current socio-economic contexts makes if it something to regularly deal with and learning from. However, there still is a dilemma on whether innovation failure should be considered as an opportunity or a trauma for the firm. Exploring the three steps of an innovation failure, that is identifying, analyzing and experimenting, the present research offers new insights on the nature of innovation failure at an individual and team levels. In particular, via an inductive approach this study provides fours key approaches to understanding innovation failure. First, we have uncovered a wide range of approaches to organizational management and ‘Spaghetti’ organizational models of innovation that perceive failure as an opportunity for the innovation process. Secondly, our study identified what seems to be a widespread perception of innovation failure as a trauma, which encourages the culture of openness to failure and to share knowledge of failing innovations. Such views apply not only at organizational but also at individual and team levels. Third, our results serve to encourage individuals, teams and organizations to find new ways to learn from failures in innovation projects, and to have a less centralized management and control over innovation. Fourth, in our perception of the domain, failure could become the ‘new normal’ and a mean to generate new knowledge. This stimulates new directions in the decision-making process, towards novel pathways to innovation.

Монетарне золото як складова міжнародних резервів центральних банків

Introduction. International reserves of central banks (CBs) are used to support the exchange rate of national currencies and have an impact on the monetary policy. In the unified standards of the IMF, international reserves include only gold, and not all precious metals. The state can call on its reserves in case of emergencies, so they are often compared with the volume of imports. It was natural to expect changes in the structure of international reserves due to the coronavirus pandemic. Problem Statement. Monetary gold does not lose its weight as a stable component of reserves, despite the volatility of world prices and the comparative profitability of other components of these reserves. Countries differ in the dynamics and share of monetary gold in reserves, as well as the possibilities of mining and physical preservation of reserves. A serious problem is the adequate revaluation of precious metals, which affects the high volatility of international reserves of many countries. The purpose of the article is to assess the role of monetary gold as a component of international reserves for the implementation of monetary policy in conditions of systemic stress, such as the coronavirus pandemic. Methods. Comparative and correlational analysis was used to characterize changes in reserves; abstract-logical analysis - to generalize the reasons for differences in the levels of the gold reserve; statistical and economic analysis - to study the influence of these variability factors on gold. Results. The analysis made it possible to distinguish monetary gold from the general circle of precious metals, to structure non-monetary gold. Several types of risks related to the ownership of gold have been singled out, which the Central Bank should take into account when managing reserves: the threat of manipulation by large players on commodity and stock exchanges; high historical and expected price volatility; the probability of loss of gold during storage and transportation due to damage, robbery, counterfeiting, etc. Conclusions. Gold remains a valuable component of the country's currency reserves. At the same time, it should not be considered as an anti-inflation product for the short term, although it retains the status of a reliable asset. There is no significant correlation between the size of the gold reserve and its share in the reserves of the Central Bank. The hypothesis that a higher level of development of the country's economy corresponds to a smaller share of gold was not confirmed. In Ukraine, the National Bank should define, as a component of monetary policy, a separate strategy for monetary gold, taking into account the state of war and the prospects of post-war economic reconstruction. In the management of monetary gold reserves, central banks should take into account the risks inherent in it. At the same time, it can be successfully used to neutralize certain risks of general reserves and liquidity risk, soften fluctuations in the national currency rate and normalize the balance of payments. It is advisable to improve the toolkit of gold price forecasting and stress testing using hypothetical and historical scenarios.

Improving the quality ofhospital sterilization process using failure modes andeffects analysis, fuzzy logic, andmachine learning: experience intertiary dental centre.

Activities practiced in the hospital generate several types of risks. Therefore, performing the risk assessment is one of the quality improvement keys in the healthcare sector. For this reason, healthcare managers need to design and perform efficient risk assessment processes. Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) is one of the most used risk assessment methods. The FMEA is a proactive technique consisting of the evaluation of failure modes associated with a studied process using three factors: occurrence, non-detection, and severity, in order to obtain the risk priority number using fuzzy logic approach and machine learning algorithms, namely the support vector machine and the k-nearest neighbours. The proposed model is applied in the case of the central sterilization unit of a tertiary national reference centre of dental treatment, where its efficiency is evaluated compared to the classical approach. These comparisons are based on expert advice and machine learning performance metrics. Our developed model proved high effectiveness throughout the results of the expert's vote (she agrees with 96% fuzzy-FMEA results against 6% with classical FMEA results). Furthermore, the machine learning metrics show a high level of accuracy in both training data (best rate is 96%) and testing data (90%). This study represents the first study that aims to perform artificial intelligence approach to risk management in the Moroccan healthcare sector. The perspective of this study is to promote the application of the artificial intelligence in Moroccan health management, especially in the field of quality and safety management.

Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among nursing studentshv in clinical internship.

During their academic activities, nursing students are required to carry out clinical internships during which they can be exposed to contamination by bloodborne pathogens. Objective. The study was carried out to determine the prevalence and associated factors of occupational exposure to biological material potentially infected by blood in a population of nursing students. A cross-sectional design was used in this study and a self-administered questionnaire was provided to students. The research work was conducted from February 20, 2022, to March 15, 2022. The questionnaire was completed by 119 students. A total of 94 (78.99%) of the participants were female with a mean age of 20.46±1.16 years. 48 (40.34%) exposures were recorded with corresponding incidence rates of 0.4 exposures/person/year. With at least one accidental exposure to blood in 21 (43.75%) students. The OR analysis made by year of study showed that the ratio between the exposure risk was lower than 1 with P>0.05. The comparison between the different nursing specialties showed a significant difference between the students of General Nurses and Family and Community Health Nurses. The variables associated with exposures to blood were: female sex and personal protective equipment. During their clinical training, nursing students face several types of risks including biological through blood. In order to prevent the occurrence of these incidents, the consequences of which can be fatal, it is necessary to invest in training sessions and our institute should set up a local management unit for following the exposed students.

Integration of risk analysis methods in aerospace research projects

Organizations are exposed to several types of risks, such as environmental, legal, operational, financial, and technological; that are subjected to epistemic uncertainty. In this context, a contemporary issue is how to deal with accidents, with greater difficulty in understanding the sociotechnical system, due to its complex and dynamic characteristics, in an attempt to prevent accidents based on components’ behavior. Although, for most complex systems and projects, a record of the exposure to hazards is incomplete or nonexistent, especially when it is highly innovative. This study developed a risk analysis framework for complex aerospace research projects by integrating different methods: problem structuring, safety control action analysis, and prioritization of results. Three methods are proposed: (1) Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) for initial review and understanding of the problem situation, and preliminary identification of hazards and losses; (2) Systems-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA), to identify Unsafe Control Actions (UCAs) and their causal scenarios; and (3), Preferences Sorting Technique by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS Fuzzy) for prioritization of the UCAs and mitigating causal scenarios. This proposal was applied to the Liquid Propulsion Injection Systems Laboratory (CEPROS), and, through the SSM, 7 hazards and 4 losses were found. On the other hand, the STPA method found 15 loops with 48 UCAs and 106 causal scenarios. In the end, it is recommended that the Decision Maker establishes a cut-off criterion, that is, a Hierarchy of Management and Control of the identified UCAs. The proposed methods follow the line of sociotechnical systems, considering the difficulty of the decision-maker for risk analysis in aerospace research projects. Thus, this work presents a structure of different methods covering the entire risk management process, increasing the difficulty in fulfilling the mission due to the level of complexity of the project, and supporting strategies for coordinated decision-making.

Integration of STPA and TOPSIS fuzzy methods for risk analysis in aerospace projects

There are several types of risks in organisations and projects, including technological, financial, environmental, legal, and operational. This article focuses on a risk analysis framework for complex aerospace research projects, some of which are innovations in the area and do not have a history of data from previous activities. The objective of this study is to analyse the feasibility of integrating the systems theoretic process analysis (STPA) method for systemic assessment of safety and fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) for prioritising unsafe control actions (UCAs). The proposed integration method was applied to the Laboratory of Injection Systems for Liquid Propellants at the Aeronautics Institute of Technology (ITA). The results obtained were the need for an emergency response plan, signalling, access control, and safety training for laboratory technicians. Therefore, risk analysis is essential to support the decision-making process, to identify and reduce hazards and losses.

Video observation of encounters between the automated shuttles and other traffic participants along an approach to right-hand priority T-intersection

IntroductionIncreasing numbers of deployment projects of automated shuttles have been taking place worldwide. Safety is one of the main concerns for their successful implementation. Therefore, it is vital to gain the knowledge about interactions between these shuttles and other traffic participants.MethodGiven the lack of behavioural observational studies under regular traffic conditions, the presented study applies external video recordings to explore encounters between the shuttles approaching a T-intersection and other traffic participants. The encounters of interest included a vulnerable road user in the bicycle lane, a pedestrian on the zebra crossing and a road user overtaking the shuttle. The shuttles were identified from the video by RUBA software. We analysed the encounters using T-Analyst software together with the manual observation of traffic participants' behaviour.ResultsFrom 220 h of video, 318 unique manoeuvres of the shuttle were observed and 83 encounters with other traffic participants were identified and explored. Several types of risks and behavioural patterns were identified, such as road users misusing the defensive style of the shuttles or cyclists in the bicycle lane not being sure about the shuttle’s intention. Frequent hard stops of the shuttles might be dangerous for the passengers inside and can increase the risk of rear end accidents.ConclusionsThe findings provide a valuable insight into the interactions between automated shuttles and other traffic participants under regular traffic conditions on one location in Oslo, Norway. The study showed that introducing automated shuttles into regular traffic can lead to the emergence of new types of interactions between the shuttles and other traffic participants.

Exploring Progress with Supply Chain Risk Management during the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Background: In response to calls for actionable research that considers ongoing pandemic risk dynamics, we explore how risks experienced and risk mitigation techniques used have changed during the first year of the pandemic. Methods: We used a survey and studied six cases; data were collected both at the start of the pandemic and one year into the pandemic. This paper offers the first empirical exploration of the first full year of the pandemic and provides data points from both early and one year into the pandemic. Results: Our findings indicate that not only are pandemic risks far from mitigated, several types of risks have also increased in severity. Multifaceted and multidirectional approaches have been adopted, going well beyond demand and supply risks (the risks most widely considered in the literature) and much more work remains for supply chain managers to mitigate risks and improve supply chain resilience. Conclusions: We find that in addition to the risk management techniques, considering behavioral aspects is key for navigating a pathway towards risk mitigation.

Policy on Implementation of Bank Indonesia Circular Letter No. 14/7/Dpbs of 2012 concerning Regulation of Qardh Backed by Gold at Bank Syariah Mandiri KFO Imam Bonjol Medan (Pre Merger of PT Bank Syariah Indonesia)

Bank Indonesia Circular Letter No.14/7/DPbS dated February 29, 2012 regarding Qardh Backed by Gold Products for Sharia Banks and Sharia Business Units explains the guidelines and operating limits for sharia gold pawn/rahn products in Indonesia. With the issuance of this circular, every Islamic bank including Bank Syariah Mandiri KFO Imam Bonjol Medan must be able to implement policies in accordance with the provisions of Bank Indonesia. This study aims to determine and explain how the implementation of gold-backed qardh products at Bank Syariah Mandiri KFO Imam Bonjol Medan after the issuance of Bank Indonesia Circular Letter No. 14/7/DPbS. This study also aims to determine the impact of potential risks that arise on gold-backed qardh products after the issuance of Bank Indonesia Circular Letter No. 14/7/DPbS. This research is a qualitative descriptive analysis research conducted at Bank Syariah Mandiri KFO Imam Bonjol Medan which is located at Jl. Imam Bonjol, No. 7. Medan City. Based on the results obtained in this study, it can be seen that in general, the implementation policies applied by Bank Syariah Mandiri KFO Imam Bonjol Medan are in accordance with the rules contained in Bank Indonesia Circular Letter No. 14/7/DPbS. Such as determining the category of use, use of contracts, delivery of information, amount and term of financing, and FTV. However, there are two aspects that are still not appropriate, including the status of gold ownership and the imposition of fees that are not in accordance with the rules set by Bank Indonesia. In addition, it is also known that in gold-backed qardh products there are several types of risks contained in them, including: market risk, credit risk, liquidity risk and operational risk.

Claim Assessment Models in Crop Insurance

Agricultural insurance is considered one of the engines of the development of the agricultural industry. Without a developed of agricultural insurance market, farmers cannot manage their risks to protect their investments, which leads us to say that, in this context, the modernization of the agricultural industry will not succeed. Investments in technology to modernize agriculture in order to increase productivity are very important, and in order to have stability, there must be tools on the insurance market to protect farmers. The larger the insurance market, the more diversified protection instruments exist as options for the farmers. In order for the insurance market to be able to develop and come to farmers with diversified products, the involvement of the state with different financing measures / schemes is needed. At the international level, depending on each country, the state is involved with different schemes. The more the state is involved, the more developed the insurance market is, which led to an increase in the well-being of the agricultural sector. The impact on the insurance market was not only in diversifying the protection instruments but also in reducing their cost. This has led to the possibility for farmers to transfer to the insurance market several types of risks at sustainable costs. Starting from the importance of the way in which a claim assessment is performed, in this paper we propose to make a comparative study between a classical method of claim assessment in the case of agricultural crops and a modern method of assessment based on satellite data/images. The comparative analysis aims to highlight the impact of different methods in establishing the final value that the farmer is going to collect from the insurer.

Философия рисков цифровизации образования: когнитивные риски и пути создания безопасной коммуникативно-образовательной среды

The instability of modern civilizational development and the growing risks of constructive socio-anthropological dynamics pose new challenges for philosophical knowledge. The article is devoted to the systemic problem of digitalization of education and the understanding of cognitive risks. The research methodology is based on philosophical, psychological, pedagogical and information technology approaches to the process of digitalization of education, determining the nature and forms of manifestations of cognitive risks. The authors rely on numerous foreign and domestic concepts of informatization (digitalization) of education and focus on several types of risks of the cognitive sphere of students: information over-saturation, devaluation of memory capabilities, reduction in the level of critical thinking. The article emphasizes the probabilistic nature of these cognitive risks, defined by a set of scientific, methodological, organizational, methodological, psychological and pedagogical factors and individual personality, psychophysiological characteristics of students who are vulnerable to these risks to different degrees. The result of the study is a proposal on ways to level the cognitive risks of digitalization of education. The authors call for a balanced strategy and the consolidated work of all subjects of the education system in order to achieve the formation of a safe communicative and educational environment.

Mining Risks at Exploitation in Roşia Poieni Open Pit Mine, Romania

Abstract The mining sector is a particularly important field that has the ability to support the economic development of a country by supplying various mineral products that are used as raw materials in other sectors of activity. When the depth at which a deposit is located and the geological conditions allow, the exploitation of useful mineral substances is realized through open-pit mine. The aim of this paper is to analyze the malfunctions that could occur and cause susceptible incidents and that could have consequences on staff safety and the environment. These malfunctions can have different causes: either an internal origin of the mining unit, or in natural phenomena. In this paper are identified and analyzed the potential mining risks that may occur in the Roşia Poieni open pit mine. The guidelines underlying the identification of these risks took into account three main principles: reducing risks for people, ensuring their security and at the same time limiting the risks on the property, respectively the financial risk for the mining unit. Acknowledge these risks, allows the delimitation of areas that are directly or indirectly exposed to potential risks and the establishment of specific measures for prevention, protection and security regarding the realized activities. Depending on the potential mining risks identified, we have made a hazard map that can be used to develop a risk prevention plan, taking into account the presence of several types of risks that may overlap in the same work area of the quarry.

Философия рисков цифровизации образования: когнитивные риски и пути создания безопасной коммуникативно-образовательной среды

The instability of modern civilizational development and the growing risks of constructive socio-anthropological dynamics pose new challenges for philosophical knowledge. The article is devoted to the systemic problem of digitalization of education and the understanding of cognitive risks. The research methodology is based on philosophical, psychological, pedagogical and information technology approaches to the process of digitalization of education, determining the nature and forms of manifestations of cognitive risks. The authors rely on numerous foreign and domestic concepts of informatization (digitalization) of education and focus on several types of risks of the cognitive sphere of students: information over-saturation, devaluation of memory capabilities, reduction in the level of critical thinking. The article emphasizes the probabilistic nature of these cognitive risks, defined by a set of scientific, methodological, organizational, methodological, psychological and pedagogical factors and individual personality, psychophysiological characteristics of students who are vulnerable to these risks to different degrees. The result of the study is a proposal on ways to level the cognitive risks of digitalization of education. The authors call for a balanced strategy and the consolidated work of all subjects of the education system in order to achieve the formation of a safe communicative and educational environment.

The Relationship Between Credit Risk Management and the Profitability of Banks in Ghana

Banks are faced with several types of risks. Prominent among these risks is credit risk. Profitability is key to the growth and survival of banks. This study therefore seeks to investigate the relationship that exists between credit risk and the profitability of banks in Ghana. To achieve this objective, eight banks were sampled out of a population of twenty nine (29) banks over a ten (10) year period from 2005 to 2014. A panel regression was run using Return on assets (dependent variable) as a proxy for profitability while non-performing loan ratio and net charge off to total loans and advances (independent variables) were used as proxies for credit risk. Other variables such as size, growth and debt ratio which influence profitability were controlled for in the model. Secondary data comprising annual reports of the selected banks was used for the study. The study established a positive and significant relationship between credit risk and the profitability of banks in Ghana. This implies that banks in Ghana enjoy profit in the midst of all the credit risk. The study also confirmed the findings of previous studies that, size and debt ratio are factors that influence profitability as there was a positive and significant relationship with profitability.

Competition and Profitability: Impacts on Stability in Chinese Banking

This study contributes to the banking literature by testing the joint impacts of profitability and industry environment on several types of risk (credit risk, liquidity risk, capital risk, and insolvency risk) in a sample of Chinese commercial banks over the period 2003–2015. The results show that a more highly developed banking sector increases the liquidity risk and credit risk of Chinese commercial banks but decreases their capital risk. It is further suggested that profitability may lead to a reduction in credit risk and insolvency risk. The findings from the current study thus have important policy implications in terms of improving stability in the Chinese banking industry.

Оценка основных компонентов кредитного риска в секторе коммерческого кредитования организаций Кемеровской области

Introduction. Market evolution requires a constant improvement of monetary relations. Commercial credit expands the ability of enterprises to maneuver their working capital. It also mobilizes and redistributes free commodity resources in the production sector. The paper presents a holistic research in the field of credit risk assessment in a particular sector of commercial lending.
 Study objects and methods. The theoretic section of this publication identifies the design features of a commercial loan and the specific credit risks. The theoretical studies were performed in the context of the classical, legislative, scientific, and synthesized copyright formats. To conduct an assessment, it is necessary to focus on a separate segment of the commercial loan market, with a given regional and industry affiliation. By sorting the market participants according to the balance of outstanding pending debts, the authors chose the metallurgical enterprises of the Kemerovo region as research object.
 Results and discussion. The applied section reflects the authentic three-stage methodological approach, which includes the following stages of experimental and analytical work. The first stage involves structuring the risk situation and the structural elements of credit risk. The macroeconomic level involves three zones of indirect impact: state, region, and industry. At the microeconomic level, the authors identified several types of risk, in the order of their manifestation. The first one is the risk of delay in repayment of debt arising from the risk of capital structure and business risk. The second type involves subsequent risk of default on the loan, associated mainly with the potential risk of bankruptcy of a potential debtor. The second stage reflects the identification of private indicators for assessing credit risk in the context of its structural elements as based on 17 popular techniques, models, and recommendations of leading foreign and domestic scientists. The targeted selection was based on a given preference criterion, i.e. frequency of applying the coefficient in analytical practice. Thus, the authors obtained the following thematically differentiated combinations: financial independence ratio (capital structure risk indicator), indicators of the quality and correlation of receivables and payables (business risk indicators), coefficient current liquidity and the ratio of own working capital (bankruptcy risk indicators). The third stage involves an analysis of private indicators of the main components of credit risk. The analysis is based on the formed valuation design and the synthesis of valuation characteristics at a given regional and industry level, as compared with all-Russian trends.
 Conclusion. The analysis of most indicators revealed an unstable situation in the credit policy of metallurgical enterprises in the region, i.e. huge arrays and a high share of overdue debts, an irrational capital structure, a low level of liquidity of the balance sheet, and a significant proportion of unprofitable enterprises. Thus, a high level of risk of delay in repayment of debt and an increasing risk of bankruptcy can increase the level of risk of loan default.

The Need for Trust and Ethics in the Digital Age – Sunshine and Shadows in the FinTech World

In the wake of the international financial crisis, digital financial and FinTech services have emerged as part of the fourth industrial revolution. These services, which are generally supported and welcomed by consumers, have now reached a stage where they are able to disrupt traditional financial structures. In the past, the role of FinTech startups was considered marginal and risk-free both by banks, which were busy restoring trust and optimising their operations, and by regulators and supervisors. However, as they have spread at a revolutionary pace, FinTech now entails several types of risk to financial stability and represents a serious threat. In order to address potential problems relating to financial stability, the need has emerged to regulate FinTech at the national and international levels, including the management of the body of data accumulated and used by FinTech companies. A situation has evolved in which three requirements should be met internationally and nationally: support for digital FinTech processes; a level playing field for incumbent banks and FinTech/BigTech companies; and the regulation of FinTechtype services at the international and national levels. Except for the first, these requirements have not been met to date, and expectations and codes of ethics and trust have gained prominence as workarounds. For that reason, the focus of our analysis is the importance of the requirements for trust and ethics in the banking sector, and the extent to which these requirements are enforced in the FinTech world. We present why it is becoming necessary to introduce codes of conduct, ethical standards and the exercise of due care in behaviour in order to build trust.

ANALYSIS AND JUSTIFICATION OF PHYSIC-MATHEMATICAL MODELS AND METHODS OF CALCULATION OF RISKS OF EMERGENCY SITUATIONS AT AUTONOUSING STATIONS (ANS)

Failure leads to accidents at industrial and other facilities – an event that impairs the operational status of equipment and facilities. Different types of failures can lead to the same emergency situation and the same failure can lead to different emergency situations. In turn, an emergency situation is a combination of conditions or circumstances, the occurrence of which can lead to the occurrence of risk factors - causes, driving forces that lead to a negative impact on different recipients. Each situation can lead to a single risk factor, and to several at once, which, in turn, can lead to the occurrence of one or several types of risk, depending on the nature of the damage.The cause of an emergency is a failure (accumulation of single failures) initiating an event – the development of an accident. Estimates of modern chemical production give an indicator of the reliability of the accident 10-3, that is, great potential technical capabilities for managing risk in the state of the actual reliability of facilities and equipping them with means of monitoring, diagnostics and emergency protection.The article examines the causes of fires and explosions that can occur at gas-filling stations at the time of receiving liquefied gas in underground tanks, storage in tanks, filling gas cylinders and fuel tanks of cars from tanks and storage of cylinders. It is established that the common causes of emergency situations are: open fire, sparks, static electricity discharges, lightning discharges, spontaneous combustion. Calculations were carried out of the affected areas by the shock wave, the fire of the strait and the fireball, the values of individual risks for various types of accidents.Identified the most significant factor in the accident. Analyzed the consequences of accidents, provides recommendations on the use of the results in practice.