Sete Lagoas Research Articles

EQUAÇÃO DE HARGREAVES-SAMANI CALIBRADA EM DIFERENTES BASES TEMPORAIS PARA SETE LAGOAS, MG

Dados de evapotranspiração de referência (ETo) são requeridos em diversas análises relacionadas ao uso de recursos hídricos, como no manejo de irrigação, balanço hídrico de sequeiro, manejo de bacias hidrográficas, etc. O método FAO Penman-Monteith (FAO-PM) é considerado padrão para cálculo da ETo. Contudo, a aplicação deste método pode ser restringida pela falta de dados meteorológicos. Um dos métodos alternativos com menor requisição de dados é o Hargreaves-Samani (HS), o qual comumente necessita calibração local para obtenção de maior exatidão na aplicação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho do método Hargreaves-Samani, na sua forma original e calibrado em base anual, semestral, trimestral e mensal, frente ao método padrão FAO-PM, com base em extensa série histórica de dados meteorológicos diários (86 anos), para a localidade de Sete Lagoas, MG. Calibraram-se os coeficientes e o expoente da equação de HS pela minimização do erro absoluto médio (EAM). Para avaliar a adequabilidade de aplicação de testes comparativos e para determinar o ajuste das distribuições de probabilidade de ETo, foram aplicados os testes de Kolmogorov-Smirnov e Mann-Whitney, respectivamente. A calibração do método HS anulou a tendência de superestimativa sistemática dos valores de ETo diária, comparativamente ao FAO-PM, reduzindo-se o EAM. A calibração em diferentes bases temporais acarretou a aproximação das distribuições de probabilidade de ETo calculada por meio do método HS, que não diferiram significativamente entre si, à obtida com o método FAO-PM.

Transmissivity of Aquifer by Capture Zone Method: An Application in the Sete Lagoas Karst Aquifer, MG, Brazil.

Transmissivity is an important hydraulic parameter to determine the amount of water passed horizontally across a given saturated thickness of an aquifer. The techniques to quantify this parameter, such as grain size analyses or pumping tests, can have limitations of time/spatial scale, viability, or economically. One technique that can be used, but little adopted, is the capture zone analysis. In this paper, capture zone analytical equations were used to estimate transmissivity values in order to verify the effectiveness of this methodology as alternative in situations where other traditional methods present implementation difficulties. The results were compared with field data estimated by aquifer tests conducted in the same region. A sensitivity analysis was also performed to identify possible discrepancies between the analytical and field data results. The aquifer studied was the Sete Lagoas Karst Aquifer in the urban region of the municipality of Sete Lagoas, Brazil. The method proved to be a viable and economical tool, where the analytical values compared to the aquifer tests showed similarities, being confirmed by a sensitivity analysis. However, a reliable potentiometric surface map, which enables the identification of the parameters for analytical capture zone equations, is needed.

<b>Agronomic traits and nutritional value of forage sorghum genotypes

This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of 24 sorghum genotypes in four Brazilian regions and the chemical characteristics of genotypes grown in Sete Lagoas, state of Minas Gerais. Genotypes BRS655 and 12F37005 had higher average production of green matter (> 44 ton ha-1) and dry matter (> 17 ton ha-1), respectively. Genotypes 12F38019, 12F40019, 12F37005, 12F37043 and Volumax took more days to flower in three of the four municipalities (75-90 days). Genotypes 12F38006, 12F40006 and 12F37016 were taller (> 2 m). Values of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber ranged from 37.15 to 50.13; 5.51 to 10.28 and 43.57 to 65.69%, respectively. The genotypes were not different regarding acid detergent fiber content, with mean value of 34.83%. Genotypes 12F38019, 12F37016, 12F39005, 12F39019, 12F37007, 12F37014, 12F39014 and BRS 655 showed the best values of dry matter digestibility (64.31 to 74.20%) and crude protein content (8.33 to 10.28%). Among them, 12F139014 exhibited the lowest lignin content (3.32%), suggesting less effect of this fraction on digestibility. Genotype 12F39014 is the most suitable for cultivation, as it presented the best nutritional value and good dry matter production in the four municipalities.

Recharge sources and hydrochemical evolution of an urban karst aquifer, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil

The current water supply for the city of Sete Lagoas, Brazil, is almost entirely groundwater from the Sete Lagoas Karst Aquifer, with a small contribution from a fractured-basement rock aquifer. Characterizing the hydrogeologic processes is important for proper water resource management, avoiding contamination and other future issues. The main goal of this study is to identify active hydrogeological processes, such as possible surface–ground water interactions, sources of recharge, and the hydrochemical evolution of groundwater through the use of stable isotopes 18O and 2H and major ion data. The groundwater samples were collected from the karst aquifer (central urban area) and from the fractured aquifer (southern part of the city). Surface water samples were collected from the seven main lakes, and rainwater was sampled over a period of one year. The stable isotope results indicated the groundwater origin is directly from local precipitation, having a limited recharge period, and locally receiving surface water contributions. Groundwater quality in the central urban area may be influenced by surface water infiltration where the karst aquifer is in contact with overlying unconsolidated sediments. Some samples with nitrate concentration of 10 mg/L or higher indicates the natural composition of the groundwater has been altered by urban sewage contamination. The highest concentrations of major ions were found in the central region, where the most karstified area from the Sete Lagoas Formation is located. These data suggest a longer residence time for this water, indicating more mineralization, in accordance with the geological information.

Organomineral Phosphorus Fertilization in the Production of Corn, Soybean and Bean Cultivated in Succession

The use of organic waste in agriculture has been used aiming at greater productivity, decrease in the cost of production and sustainable use of resources. The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of phosphate fertilization with the maintenance of organomineral fertilizers, combining poultry manure and soluble or reactive phosphate, in the production of grains in corn culture and the residual effect for subsequent crops of beans and soybeans. The experiment was conducted in Sete Lagoas, MG, in 2015, using three fertilizers with sources of different phosphorus sources (triple super phosphate—STP, organomineral with STP and organomineral with Bayovar phosphate) applied at the doses of 65, 130, 195 and 260 kg·ha¯1 of P2O5 total, and compared to the control without phosphate fertilization. We evaluated the contents of foliar P, P accumulation in the grains, yields of corn grains, beans and soy, accumulated productivity and export of accumulated P of the three cultures. The three cultures assessed presented higher productivity when compared to the average of the factorial treatments that received phosphate fertilization relative to the control. Organomineral fertilizers increased grain production, obtaining average productivity equal to or greater than those obtained with the exclusive use of STP.

The box diagram (Box Plot) applied to the analysis of the temporal distribution of rainfall in Januária, Belo Horizonte and Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais, Brazil

O objetivo deste artigo e apresentar os resultados da analise das series temporais de chuva referente aos municipios de Belo Horizonte, Sete Lagoas e Januaria (Minas Gerais – Brasil), utilizando a tecnica de agrupamento e classificacao de dados Box Plot, atendendo a relativa falta de estudos de climatologia nessas localidades bem como suprir pesquisas em andamento. As fontes de informacao incluiram bibliografia especializada e dados anuais de chuva do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET-BDMET). Os resultados reforcaram o emprego da tecnica descrita a caracterizacao climatica e identificacao de padroes de anos secos e chuvosos e ocorrencia de eventos extremos. Palavras-chave: chuvas, eventos extremos, impactos ambientais. A B S T R A C T The purpose of this article is to present the results of analysis of rainfall time series related to the municipalities of Belo Horizonte, Sete Lagoas and Januaria (Minas Gerais - Brazil), using the clustering technique and Box Plot data classification, given the relative lack of climatology studies in these locations as well as meet with data research in progress. Information sources included specialized bibliography and annual rainfall data from the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET-BDMET). The results reinforced the use of the technique described the climatic characterization and identification of dry and wet years patterns and extreme events. Keywords: rainfall, extreme events, environmental impacts. Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:Tabela normal; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman;}

Occurrence of intestinal protozoa in children from elementary school in Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais: a focus on the prevention of intestinal parasites

Occurrence of intestinal protozoa in children from elementary school in Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais: a focus on the prevention of intestinal parasites

Evaluation of Soybean Cultivars of Contrasting Cycles according to the Level of Investment in Fertilization

The objective of the present study was to characterize the duration of the phenological stages, the agronomic characteristics and grain yield in soybean cultivars with contrasting cycles and indeterminate growth type, submitted to different fertilization investment environments under no-tillage system in the central region of Minas Gerais. The work was conducted under field conditions, in an experimental area of Embrapa Maize and Sorghum, in Sete Lagoas, MG, in the harvest of 2015/2016. Ten soybean cultivars with different relative maturity groups (RMG) were studied, representing almost all RMG materials currently sown in Minas Gerais, in two environments with different levels of fertilizer investment. The variables were submitted to analysis of joint variance, in order to verify the existence of interaction between cultivars and investment in fertilization environments. Fertilizer investment levels influence grain yield of soybean cultivars of contrasting cycles. The higher height of the soybean plants implies higher lodging and lower grain yield. This situation is aggravated by the greater investment in fertilization. The difference between the cycles of the cultivars is in the duration of the vegetative stages, being greater in the later cultivars.

Mentoring Program in Organic Chemistry Discipline at Agricultural Science Courses from Federal University of São João del-Rei - Campus Sete Lagoas

Mentoring Program in Organic Chemistry Discipline at Agricultural Science Courses from Federal University of São João del-Rei - Campus Sete Lagoas

Facies analysis, sequence stratigraphy and chemostratigraphy of the Sete Lagoas Formation (Bambui Group), northern Minas Gerais State, Brazil: evidence of a cap carbonate deposited on the Januária basement high

ABSTRACT: Sedimentary rocks of the Sete Lagoas Formation, exposed in the left margin of the São Francisco river (Minas Gerais State, Brazil), were deposited on the Januária-Itacarambi basement high. They show both lateral and vertical rock stacking along continuous outcrops, allowing us to carry out detailed facies analysis and sequence stratigraphy studies. Our studies also integrate data from geological mapping, macro and microscopic petrography and high-resolution C and O isotope analysis. Eight facies and four facies associations make up a sequence composed by a transgressive tract in the base, and a high stand tract in the upper portion, separated by a maximum flooding surface. The high stand tract shows a progradation stacking from the basement high apex towards progressively deeper basement areas. This stratigraphic framework, associated with others stratigraphic and isotopic features, indicates that the now exposed Januária basement high also represents a paleo-high during the sedimentation event. Aragonite pseudomorphs and dolomites coupled with δ13C values of -5‰ characterize the basal carbonate of the transgressive tract as a cap carbonate. Records of the Cloudina fossil, recognized in the high stand tract, indicate a Late Ediacaran age for the upper portion of the studied stratigraphic sequence.

Tracking connection and restriction of West Gondwana São Francisco Basin through isotope chemostratigraphy

C and Sr isotope compositions of carbonate rocks from the intracontinental São Francisco basin can track ocean connections and restriction. The lower three formations of the Bambuí Group can be grouped into three chemostratigraphic intervals (CI), recording different evolution stages of the basin. Lowermost CI-1 comprises the basal cap carbonates of the Sete Lagoas Formation displaying an initial C negative excursion, followed by a coeval C and Sr positive excursions (δ13C values from −5 to 0‰ and 87Sr/86Sr ratios from 0.7074 to 0.7082) in 10m of stratigraphic record. It marks a change from a restricted shallow basin influenced by freshwater to a basin connected to external seawaters due to marine transgression. CI-2 comprises carbonates of the middle portion of the Sete Lagoas Formation with δ13C values around 0‰ and 87Sr/86Sr ratios around 0.7082 that matches those observed worldwide for the Late Ediacaran. It records the onset of a Gondwana sea pathway connecting several epicontinental basins, allowing migration of index-fossil Cloudina sp. Uppermost CI-3 starts after a major positive excursion in the δ13C values reaching +16‰ and a steepened decrease of 87Sr/86Sr ratios to 0.7075 which are lower than those expected for the Ediacaran-Cambrian boundary. This interval comprises the upper Sete Lagoas, Serra de Santa Helena and Lagoa do Jacaré formations and records the end of the connection of the São Francisco basin to the Gondwana sea pathway setting a restricted epeiric sea. Restriction was probably caused by Late Ediacaran uplifting of orogenic belts surrounding the basin. Other West Gondwana Cloudina bearing units also display the same mismatch in the Sr isotope ratios, suggesting that the establishment of intracontinental basins inside large continental masses may challenge the use of isotope chemostratigraphy for interbasinal correlations.

<b>Chemical composition of sorghum genotypes silages

The objective was to select sorghum genotypes for silage production using its chemical characteristics. The experiment was carried out in the facilities of Embrapa Maize and Sorghum in Sete Lagoas, state of Minas Gerais, to evaluate the agronomic characteristics, and nutritional quality of silage of twelve sorghum genotypes. We used a randomized block design with three replications. In relation to the production of green matter, the genotypes SF15 Volumax and BR610 stood out (52.07; 48.00 and 41.87 ton ha-1). Regarding pH, genotypes 1015339, 1015347, 1016007, SF15, BRS655, Volumax and BR610 averaged 3.68. All genotypes were similar considering the nutritional value, ammonia nitrogen and water activity. The genotypes SF15, Volumax and BRS610 showed the highest productivity per area, representing the best options for silage production.

Analysis of project about Cerrado fruits developed with students from two public schools

The Brazilian Cerrado has enormous diversity featuring a large number of fruit native plants that have a high nutritional value and distinctive flavor. This work belongs to an extension program of Cerrado fruits, where two species stand out in this region: Cagaita tree ( Eugenia dysenterica DC) and Pequi tree ( Caryocar brasiliense ). The same was done in a neighborhood located near the Federal University of Sao Joao del Rei, Campus of Sete Lagoas - MG and developed in two municipal schools, with the participation of students of 4th and 5th years and other servers. The goal of this project was to disseminate knowledge to the participants of the reality that surrounds them, and on these two fruits of the Cerrado, providing support materials for environmental preservation awareness. The work took four steps, one of which was to answer a questionnaire by students. The main results showed that students, teachers and cooks did not know Pequi and Cagaita, native fruit species of one of the richest biomes and threatened the world. It was possible to realize the interest of those involved in the project, in order to educate about the importance of ensuring the collection and use of these fruits for the next generations.

Prediction equations for spirometry in four‐ to six‐year‐old children

ObjectiveTo generate prediction equations for spirometry in 4‐ to 6‐year‐old children. MethodsForced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 0.5s, forced expiratory volume in one second, peak expiratory flow, and forced expiratory flow at 25–75% of the forced vital capacity were assessed in 195 healthy children residing in the town of Sete Lagoas, state of Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil. The least mean squares method was used to derive the prediction equations. The level of significance was established as p<0.05. ResultsOverall, 85% of the children succeeded in performing the spirometric maneuvers. In the prediction equation, height was the single predictor of the spirometric variables as follows: forced vital capacity=exponential [(−2.255)+(0.022×height)], forced expiratory volume in 0.5s=exponential [(−2.288)+(0.019×height)], forced expiratory volume in one second=exponential [(−2.767)+(0.026×height)], peak expiratory flow=exponential [(−2.908)+(0.019×height)], and forced expiratory flow at 25–75% of the forced vital capacity=exponential [(−1.404)+(0.016×height)]. Neither age nor weight influenced the regression equations. No significant differences in the predicted values for boys and girls were observed. ConclusionThe predicted values obtained in the present study are comparable to those reported for preschoolers from both Brazil and other countries.

The Carrancas Formation, Bambuí Group: A record of pre-Marinoan sedimentation on the southern São Francisco craton, Brazil

The Carrancas Formation outcrops in east-central Brazil on the southern margin of the São Francisco craton where it comprises the base of the late Neoproterozoic Bambuí Group. It is overlain by the basal Ediacaran cap carbonate Sete Lagoas Formation and was for a long time considered to be glacially influenced and correlative with the glaciogenic Jequitaí Formation. New stratigraphic, isotopic and geochronologic data imply that the Carrancas Formation was instead formed by the shedding of debris from basement highs uplifted during an episode of minor continental rifting. Reddish dolostones in the upper Carrancas Formation have δ13C values ranging from +7.1 to +9.6‰, which is a unique C isotopic composition for the lowermost Bambuí Group but similar to values found in the Tijucuçu sequence, a pre-glacial unit in the Araçuaí fold belt on the eastern margin of the São Francisco craton. The stratigraphic position below basal Ediacaran cap carbonates and the highly positive δ13C values together indicate a Cryogenian interglacial age for the Carrancas Formation, with the high δ13C values representing the so-called Keele peak, which precedes the pre-Marinoan Trezona negative δ13C excursion in other well characterized Cryogenian sequences. Hence, The Carrancas Formation pre-dates de Marinoan Jequitaí Formation and represents an interval of Cryogenian stratigraphy not previously known to occur on the southern margin of São Francicso craton. Documentation of Cryogenian interglacial strata on the São Francisco craton reinforces recent revisions to the age of Bambuí Group strata and has implications for the development of the Bambuí basin.

PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PURPLE LETTUCE HARVESTED AT DIFFERENT AGES

ABSTRACT: Lettuce is one of the most produced and consumed leafy vegetables in Brazil. It is harvested when the plant reaches full vegetative growth and the leaves are still tender and there are no signs of bolting. The plant is unsuitable for commercialization after this period, thus, a food that is rich in vitamins, minerals and bioactive compounds such as carotenoid is lost. Therefore, the objective of this work was to assess the purple lettuce quality based on physical-chemical characteristics, in three different ages. The experiment was conducted in an urban community garden in Sete Lagoas MG, Brazil. A completely randomized experimental design was used with three replications. The treatments consisted of three development stages (20, 30 and 40 days after transplanting - DAT). The treatment with 40 DAT presented total carotenoids concentration and soluble solids content significantly higher, lower pH, and darker lettuce, with lower values of the parameter b* (increase in yellow color), and higher values of the parameter a* (increase in red color), compared to the first two treatments. The titratable acidity was statistically equal for the three evaluation periods. Considering the high concentration of carotenoids found at 40 DAT, the harvest can take place at this age.

Chemostratigraphy of the lower Bambuí Group, southwestern São Francisco Craton, Brazil: insights on Gondwana paleoenvironments

ABSTRACT: The Bambuí Group, the most extensive carbonate-siliciclastic cover on the São Francisco craton, has been a matter of debate because of its potential correlations to global glacial events. Unfortunately, most available chemostratigraphic data came from samples collected on surface rock exposures, ever susceptible to the aggressive chemical weathering that characterizes the southeastern Brazil. On the other hand, we present here high-resolution chemostratigraphic studies based on C, O and Sr isotopic data from 53 samples collected along a weathering-free, continuous, 175 m thick sedimentary succession. This succession was recovered by borehole drilling in the southwestern São Francisco craton, where occur the Carrancas and Sete Lagoas formations, the lowermost units of the Bambuí Group. The drill cores reveal extremely irregular contacts between the basal diamictite and its basement, an Archaean foliated granodiorite. Geochronological and sedimentological data strongly suggest that the diamictite represents a lodgement till. This glaciogenic deposit is covered by a limestone succession which starts with impure carbonates showing aragonite pseudomorph fans and thin bands of black shale. The limestone pile grades to a marl-mudstone interval, which turns to a carbonate with biological components, succeeded by stromatolitic dolomite at the top. C and O isotopic signatures (referred to V-PDB) allow to the subdivision of the lower carbonate-pelite section into three intervals. The first isotopic interval corresponds to a cap carbonate, and displays negative values of δ13C (c . -4‰), and a large oscillation of the δ18O (-6 to -15‰). The Interval II shows a striking homogeneity in δ13C and δ18O, around 1‰ and -7‰, respectively. At the top, Interval III shows a large positive excursion of the δ13C (up to 8‰) and δ18O (-8 to -3‰) values. Unaltered 86Sr/87Sr ratios range from 0.7075 to 0.7077, mainly at the top of the section. The geochemistry of the carbonates is controlled by their terrigenous content (mostly quartz and clay minerals) which is concentrated in the lower units. Samples free of terrigenous contamination show Y/Ho ratios ranging from 25 to 50, suggesting a freshwater input during carbonate deposition. It is concluded that the diamictite has a glaciogenic origin and is covered by a cap carbonate. This pair has been identified along the basin and is related to one of the main Neoproterozoic glaciations. Discrepancy between the 86Sr/87Sr values and the global variation curves can be related to freshwater input during the carbonate deposition. Based on the regional tectonic context, the Bambuí Basin may have been a restricted marine basin, totally or partially surrounded by mountain ranges within Gondwana, in the Neoproterozoic/Paleozoic boundary. In its early stages, the sedimentation was influenced by a global glacial event, whose melting phase was responsible by freshwater input in the basin. The gradual rise of the temperature was followed by an increase of the biological activity. Finally, a sudden increase in the biological activity could have been driven by paleogeographic changes caused by the active tectonic.

&lt;b&gt;The quality of silage of different sorghum genotypes

The objective was to select from among 24 sorghum genotypes the superior ones for silage production. The study was conducted in the experimental field of Embrapa Maize &amp; Sorghum, in the municipality of Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais State. It used 24 forage sorghum genotypes, 21 being hybrids from the crossing of grain sorghum females and forage males (12F38019, 12F38006, 12F40006, 12F40005, 12F40019, 12F37016, 12F37005, 12F37043, 12F39006, 12F39005, 12F39019, 12F38005, 12F38007, 12F37007, 12F39007, 12F40007, 12F38014, 12F37014, 12F39014, 12F40014 e 12F38009) and three witnesses: BRS 610, BRS 655 and Volumax. It estimated productivity per area, in vitro dry matter digestibility, and assessed the bromatological and fermentation characteristics of sorghum silage. In vitro dry matter digestibility, unavailable protein in neutral detergent, neutral detergent fiber corrected for ashes and protein, acid detergent fiber, hemicellulose and lignin differed as to the genotypes tested. The pH and the ammoniacal nitrogen of the silage also showed differences between genotypes. Most of the genotypes tested are favorable for silage production, except the hybrid with higher lignin content 12F370014, and the hybrids 12F37007 and 12F370014, which showed the highest NDFap values.

Prediction equations for spirometry in four- to six-year-old children

ObjectiveTo generate prediction equations for spirometry in 4- to 6-year-old children. MethodsForced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 0.5s, forced expiratory volume in one second, peak expiratory flow, and forced expiratory flow at 25–75% of the forced vital capacity were assessed in 195 healthy children residing in the town of Sete Lagoas, state of Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil. The least mean squares method was used to derive the prediction equations. The level of significance was established as p<0.05. ResultsOverall, 85% of the children succeeded in performing the spirometric maneuvers. In the prediction equation, height was the single predictor of the spirometric variables as follows: forced vital capacity=exponential [(−2.255)+(0.022×height)], forced expiratory volume in 0.5s=exponential [(−2.288)+(0.019×height)], forced expiratory volume in one second=exponential [(−2.767)+(0.026×height)], peak expiratory flow=exponential [(−2.908)+(0.019×height)], and forced expiratory flow at 25–75% of the forced vital capacity=exponential [(−1.404)+(0.016×height)]. Neither age nor weight influenced the regression equations. No significant differences in the predicted values for boys and girls were observed. ConclusionThe predicted values obtained in the present study are comparable to those reported for preschoolers from both Brazil and other countries.

Aplicação foliar de fungicidas e incidência de grãos ardidos e fumonisinas totais em milho

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência da aplicação foliar de fungicidas na redução da incidência de patógenos fúngicos, de grãos ardidos e de fumonisinas totais em grãos de milho (Zea mays). Foram conduzidos três ensaios: um no município de Luís Eduardo Magalhães, na Bahia, e dois em Sete Lagoas, em Minas Gerais, nas safras 2010/2011 e 2011/2012, com cultivo de diferentes híbridos comerciais. Os seguintes fungicidas foram aplicados zero, uma e duas vezes: picoxistrobina + ciproconazol, piraclostrobina + epoxiconazole, trifloxistrobina + tebuconazole, azoxistrobina + ciproconazol e tiofanato metílico. Em todos os ensaios, foram realizados a quantificação da incidência de grãos ardidos, o teste de patologia de sementes e a quantificação dos teores de fumonisinas totais. Não foi observada diferença significativa para os fatores fungicida e número de aplicações, exceto para rendimento de grãos, em todos os ensaios. Esses resultados são indicativos da ineficiência da aplicação de fungicidas na redução da incidência de patógenos fúngicos, de grãos ardidos e dos teores de fumonisinas totais em grãos de milho.