Set Of Information Technologies Research Articles

Main directions of innovative transformations in higher education

The article highlights the main directions of innovative transformations in pedagogy. The methodological concept of research based on the following provisions is highlighted: implementation of a complex of approaches of a scientific and methodological direction in the professional training of future specialists; organization of the main directions of innovative transformations in higher education; determination of the principles of functioning of the educational process; determination of essential properties and features of the studied object of innovative transformations in higher education; determination of prospects for the development of the main directions of innovative transformations in higher education. The main directions of innovative transformations in higher education have been clarified. The essence of the content of innovative pedagogical technologies was considered, and the essential features and ways of development of pedagogical innovations were listed, divided into intensive and extensive. For the purpose of effective training of education seekers, the conditions for their innovative activities have been formulated. Distance learning is presented in the article as a set of information technologies that students need to: ensure the volume of material for their competitiveness in the labor market; for use in the learning process of interactive interaction of students and teachers; to enable students to work independently in order to master the material; for assessment during training and monitoring of their knowledge and skills.

АКТУАЛЬНІ ПИТАННЯ АВТОМАТИЗАЦІЇ ТОРГОВЕЛЬНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ

Problem statement. The automation of trade processes is included in external factors that determine a high level of quality of trade service, which leads to the satisfaction of consumers with the services received and ensures the formation of loyalty on their part. Automation not only simplifies the performance of certain trade and technological operations, but also allows you to accumulate data on purchasing behavior, facilitating contact with the consumer at all stages of interaction. Research results. Quite often, the automation of trade processes is associated only with the simplification of individual operations using barcode marking, however, the functionality of the software solutions that is offered on the market is much broader, what allows you to link equipment and services into a single system through appropriate integration protocols. Trade software is usually divided into two groups of solutions - front- and back - office , which is determined by the functions performed and the place in the interaction between the trade enterprise and the consumer. Based on a critical analysis, key factors that affect the feasibility of automation of trade enterprises and the choice of appropriate software are identified, which include: financial resources; the type of market in which the enterprise operates; form of sale; types of products in the assortment; the structure of the retail trade network; legislation; infrastructure. The advantages of automation are obvious for all participants of the trading process, which is determined by the offered set of software functions and the availability of additional modules. In addition, the automation of trade processes implies the presence or possibility of CRM integration, which should be understood as a certain set of information technologies that make it possible to accumulate and use information during the entire period of interaction with consumers to ensure effective relationship management. Conclusions. The process of automating trade processes is important from the point of view of ensuring the competitive advantages of trade enterprises. Prospects of automation and approaches to the implementation of complex projects, improvement and modification of existing software solutions require clarification and are of scientific interest from the point of view of further research.

THE CONCEPT OF "ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE" IN LAW

The article discusses the problems of developing a legal definition of the concept of "Artificial Intelligence", which would meet the requirements of modern technological development and could be effectively used in the process of legal regulation of relations in the field of creation and use of artificial intelligence. It is established that the construction of a legal definition of the concept of "artificial intelligence" should be based on general logical methods, as well as dialectical development. The analysis of a number of definitions proposed by researchers and in the legislation of foreign countries is given. It is proved that artificial intelligence is a complex information object that includes a set of technologies that are implemented in a particular system - an intelligent information system or an artificial intelligence system. Criticism is carried out and recommendations are given for the further development of the legal definition of an artificial intelligence system. It is proposed at the level of federal law to consolidate the general definition of artificial intelligence as a set of information technologies that allow on the basis of certain systems to perform tasks comparable to those solved at the level of human intelligence. At the level of federal law, it is also extremely important to define the principles and requirements for the use of these technologies. The characteristics of a particular system, as well as the specific technologies used, must be established at the level of regulatory and technical acts and subordinate regulatory legal acts addressing the specific relations associated with the use of artificial intelligence.

Проблемы и перспективы развития НИО.2 в рамках шестого технологического уклада

The paper analyzes the process of the natural transition of the world economy from the fifth technological paradigm to the sixth one in the 2020s. It is shown that, by analogy with the periods of transition from the fourth technological paradigm to the fifth one in the 1970s, and from the third technological paradigm to the fourth one in the 1920s, the expected decline in economic activity, which has already manifested itself in the global economic crisis of the 2020s-2021s, is observed in the 2020s. It is noted that the traditional decline in economic activity in the extractive and processing industries, which takes place in the transition phase, is currently aggravated by the imminent global financial crisis, which is a consequence of a large-scale separation of the global money supply from the global commodity supply. And the resolution of this crisis is a matter of the near future (the next few years). It has been found that it is a huge surplus of unsecured financial resources (a global financial “bubble”) that makes a significant contribution to the slowdown of the processes of accelerating industrial technological development in the sixth technological paradigm by refocusing investors’ attention on speculative operations with cryptocurrencies and intangible assets, where the baton of the dot-com bubble has now been picked up by the set of information technologies under the banner of Industry 4.0, which was widely publicized, but never demonstrated its revolutionary economic efficiency. It has been shown that despite the fact that advanced global industrial technologies are a priority target for Western sanctions, the Russian economy continues to focus on the extractive industries developed in the framework of previous technological paradigms, the dominance of which in the national economy actually guarantees the technological backwardness of the country. Conditions have been formulated under which the prospects for the development of NIS.2 within the framework of the sixth technological paradigm in the Russian economy will be high.

Проблемы и перспективы развития НИО.2 в рамках шестого технологического уклада

The paper analyzes the process of the natural transition of the world economy from the fifth technological paradigm to the sixth one in the 2020s. It is shown that, by analogy with the periods of transition from the fourth technological paradigm to the fifth one in the 1970s, and from the third technological paradigm to the fourth one in the 1920s, the expected decline in economic activity, which has already manifested itself in the global economic crisis of the 2020s-2021s, is observed in the 2020s. It is noted that the traditional decline in economic activity in the extractive and processing industries, which takes place in the transition phase, is currently aggravated by the imminent global financial crisis, which is a consequence of a large-scale separation of the global money supply from the global commodity supply. And the resolution of this crisis is a matter of the near future (the next few years). It has been found that it is a huge surplus of unsecured financial resources (a global financial “bubble”) that makes a significant contribution to the slowdown of the processes of accelerating industrial technological development in the sixth technological paradigm by refocusing investors’ attention on speculative operations with cryptocurrencies and intangible assets, where the baton of the dot-com bubble has now been picked up by the set of information technologies under the banner of Industry 4.0, which was widely publicized, but never demonstrated its revolutionary economic efficiency. It has been shown that despite the fact that advanced global industrial technologies are a priority target for Western sanctions, the Russian economy continues to focus on the extractive industries developed in the framework of previous technological paradigms, the dominance of which in the national economy actually guarantees the technological backwardness of the country. Conditions have been formulated under which the prospects for the development of NIS.2 within the framework of the sixth technological paradigm in the Russian economy will be high

İNFORMASİYA, İNFORMASİYA SİSTEMLƏRİ VƏ İNFORMASİYA TƏHLÜKƏSİZLİYİNİN HÜQUQİ PROBLEMLƏRİ

According to the legal literature, information and information systems are objects of information-legal relations. Information is facts, opinions, information, news or other information created or obtained as a result of any activity, regardless of the date of its creation, form of presentation and classification. An information system is a regulated set of information technologies and documents. Information security means the protection of information and the infrastructure that serves it from unacceptable, harmful or accidental or intentional threats to the participants of the information relationship. In short, the protection and defense of the interests of the subjects of information relations is understood. This article examines information, information systems, current legal issues of information security. Key words: information law, information legislation, information, information systems, information security

İNFORMASİYA SİSTEMLƏRİNİN TƏNZİMLƏNMƏSİ ÜZRƏ TƏCRÜBƏ VƏ HÜQUQİ BAZANIN MÜQAYİSƏLİ TƏHLİLİ: MÖVCUD PROBLEMLƏR

Information systems are one of the objects of public relations regulated by information-legal norms. An information system is a regulated set of information technologies and documents. The existence of an appropriate legal framework for the regulation of information systems is important. After gaining independence, one of the main goals and objectives of the state was to form an appropriate legislative framework in this area. The formation and development of information systems is one of the important components of national information policy. This article examines information systems, national legal practice in regulating information systems, comparative analysis of the legal framework as part of national information policy and current issues. Key words: information systems, regulation of information systems, information legislation, national information policy, national legal practice

Формализованная риск-ориентированная модель системы информационных технологий

Abstract. The aim of the study is to systematize the principles of building information technologies that are essential from the point of view of information risk assessment, and to form, on this basis, a model that provides the ability to analyze risk factors when building secure information systems. Methods: when developing the model, the methods of game theory and set theory were used. The result: the model is focused on taking into account the conflicting nature of interaction between information technologies and sources of threats to information security The information technology system is considered as an interconnected set of technologies of the warring parties, providing the processes of practical activity of one of them, which allows, on a unified methodological basis, to analyze the vulnerabilities of information technologies, scenarios for the implementation of threats, as well as to optimize technological solutions for information protection. The model is characterized by a high degree of generalization, since its main elements are abstract entities: a set of information technologies used by the parties; sets of information operations, implemented by technologies; information and control relationships on sets of technologies and operations. To use the model requires a preliminary development of the list and characteristics of these sets and relations in relation to specific information technologies

Set of information technologies and their role in automation of agricultural production

The modern enterprises of agrarian and industrial complex are characterized by the high level of automation of technological processes. The technological development level conformto 5th and 6th technology revolutions. The automatic and automated technologies in crop production and livestock production use data of internet technologies, Global Positioning Satellite survey and observations, mashine and tractor aggregates automated operating. The models nucleus and row of information models of agricultural objects were designed on the basis of information streams systematization. The analysis of results of simulation of biological objects, cenosises, ecosystems, agro cenosises and agroecosystems showed that the most acceptable type of model is the systemically determined dynamic model of potentially effective type. The Internet-oriented database of innovative development of institutes of an agrarian profile is designed. It contains the information about sorts, machines, mechanization means, electrification and technologies in crop production, livestock production, forage production, feed processing, crop protection, biotechnologies, mechanization, veterinary science and agricultural production processing. The database is positioned as the subject-oriented, retrieval database in web space. The list of indices to which the created architecture of the database corresponds is defined. More than 20 various databases of agricultural purpose which are used in educational process and production are created. These databases are useful to agricultural producers and also organizers of agricultural production, scientists, teachers and students. Information on key indicators of innovative products and institutes – developers of innovative solutions is provided in a basis.

Электронное администрирование как инструмент решения проблем хозяйственной деятельности организаций

The article deals with the electronic administration as a tool to improve the efficiency of the organization. On the basis of secondary analysis of data, the barriers of using information technology to the marketing activities of organizations are highlighted. The author distinguishes Russian features of adaptation of electronic administration system in comparison with foreign practices. In particular, Russian marketers pay much more time to issues of pricing and distribution channels. The author proposes to use the marketing information system as an electronic management subsystem, as a single integrated set of information technologies that could address the full range of economic problems.

ФОРМАЛІЗАЦІЯ ПОТОКІВ ПОВІДОМЛЕНЬ ПРИ КОНВЕРГЕНЦІЇ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ В ТЕЛЕКОМУНІКАЦІЙНІЙ МЕРЕЖІ

Some results of messages streams’ research at the convergence of technologies in the telecommunication network are given in the paper. Object of study is the convergent telecommunication network in the process of interaction with external information metastructure. Network-forming process of convergent telecommunication network is the process of information transforming, implemented by a set of information technologies, including: computational process of information transforming in the space (input, output, storage, data processing) and information process of information transforming in time (collection, distribution, transmission, switching of the streams). Herewith streams, incoming and circulating in the convergent telecommunication network, are complex in nature and structure. In order to research quantitative aspects of information transformation’s network processes it seems appropriate to study a conception of the messages streams – the aggregate of any information, transformed into electromagnetic signals, which is have to be transported within the convergent telecommunication network. At the study of the network during its functioning, it is assumed that it already existed for quite a long time before the study in order to reach the stationary functioning mode and it would function so after the finish of the study. A hypothesis about the stochastic nature of the messages streams in the convergent telecommunication network is formulated. Distribution function of the messages number (or the sequence of messages’ arrival times, or the sequence of intervals between these times, or the sequence of messages number, received during time intervals), the distribution function of the information content in the messages stream, the distribution function of the delivery time of the entire sequence of messages, forming the flow under the study, the function of the information value are researched at the formalization of messages streams.

Cultural Differences in Information Technology Settings: Impacts on Creativity and Knowledge-sharing

Cultural Differences in Information Technology Settings: Impacts on Creativity and Knowledge-sharing

A PROCESS ANALYSIS OF GLOBAL TRADE MANAGEMENT: AN INDUCTIVE APPROACH

This paper describes a new, detailed process model for Global Trade Management (GTM) that contains sufficient detail on cross-border trade processes to estimate the benefits of Information Technology-Enabled Global Trade Management (IT-GTM). Our methodology combines a grounded theory approach with data analysis and analytical modeling. GTM describes the processes required to support cross-border transactions between importers, exporters, their trading partners and governments. IT-GTM is the set of information technologies and software solutions that can be used by companies to carry out their global trading processes in a streamlined manner. We collect data on time reductions for individual trade process steps using IT-GTM and use Critical Path Analysis to calculate the resulting improvements in key metrics such as the Manufacture to Invoice Cycle and Days Sales Outstanding for exporters, and the Order to Receipt Cycle for importers. Under reasonably conservative scenarios the gross savings from IT-GTM amount to 1.7 percent and 0.6 percent of annual sales for exporters and importers, respectively.

Using a meta-modelling knowledge management layer – a new approach to designing the enterprise information architecture

As managers continue to use varied set of information technologies in this fast moving era of globalisation, electronic commerce, and mobile commerce, organisations should adopt an information technology architecture that manages knowledge and meta-knowledge, and enables decision-makers to use information systems on a business intelligence platform. Thus, there is a need for an integrated, adaptive, flexible enterprise information architecture that enforces knowledge sharing and meta-knowledge management in an organisation. This study proposes an enterprise information architecture model for business and technology framework that includes a meta-knowledge-modelling level to enable knowledge sharing besides data and information sharing through organisational information systems. Further, the model is illustrated through two applications of meta-knowledge management systems through the use of object-oriented paradigm.

A Hundred Nodes in the Stockholm Region: A Simple Calculation of the Effects on Commuting

The aim of this paper is to provide input to a discussion on the potential for reduced commuting with retained accessibility to work, when the development of information technology sets new conditions, and provides new opportunities, for the location of workplaces. The potential impacts on commuting of a node-structured Stockholm region is calculated. The result of the calculation is presented as a comparison between the node-structured city and a reference scenario for the year 2010. The reference scenario has been designed by the planning authorities in the region. The calculation started with the selection of a number of nodes. The exact number of nodes was not defined in advance. Rather it was a result of requirements for reasonable public transport and on reasonable population densities. This resulted in approximately 100 nodes. These were then treated as attractors of workplaces in the calculation. Some of the commuting trips in the reference scenario were rerouted according to specified assumptions. One assumption was that the desire to cut a trip would increase with distance. Another was that the desire to start working in a node would increase with decreasing distance to the node. A third assumption was that the propensity to work from home would increase with the distance to the workplace in the reference scenario. The calculation resulted in a scenario with considerably shorter commuting trips, with a consequent reduction in commuting volumes, and a subsequent increase in walking and cycling, compared with the reference scenario.

Cataloging Heresy: Challenging the Standard Bibliographic Product, Proceedings of the Congress for Librarians, 1991, with additional contributed papers. Edited by Bella Hass Weinberg. Medford, NJ: Learned Information, 1992. xii, 217 p., $35.

Can a single set of centrally supplied descriptive access points, subject headings, and classification numbers meet the needs of all types of library users? Cataloging Heresy, the expanded proceedings of the 1991 Congress for Librarians held at St. John's University, addresses the issue of shared, homogeneous cataloging from the viewpoints of professionals in various library and information technology settings. This review discusses the papers presented from the perspective of their implications for access to and description of Judaica materials.