Laser Treatment Sessions Research Articles

The Safe and Effective Profile of Using the 1340 nm Wavelength in Conjunction with Other Therapeutic Modalities for Skin Rejuvenation. A Case Series.

Objective: This study provided clinical findings supporting the use of combination techniques/products and Nd:YAP 1340 nm fractional laser therapy, for soft-tissue augmentation in light- and darker-skin phototypes. Background: The face's aging process is complex and involves skin alterations, connective tissues, bone, and fat layers of the face. Methods: A total of 17 female patients were treated for wrinkles and for scars with the use of Nd:YAP 1340 nm fractional laser combined with other cosmetic therapies. The mean of 4.6(±1.9) laser treatment sessions every 1 month were performed. The combined therapy was administered every 3 months during the total course of the laser treatments. Results: The total mean improvement was 3.64(±0.49). Clinical images showed a visible aesthetic improvement. No adverse events have been reported. Conclusion: The combination therapies used have shown promise in maintaining safety and tolerability while improving patient results for the management of skin aging.

Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser for Treatment of Microstomia and Rhytids in Systemic Sclerosis Patients.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disorder characterised by skin fibrosis leading to skin tightening and disfigurement. However, there is no definite treatment for SSc and its skin complications. Fractional carbon dioxide laser has been widely used for different cutaneous pathologies. This study aims to evaluate the benefits of CO2 laser resurfacing on microstomia and peri-oral rhytids in systemic sclerosis patients. 33 systemic sclerosis patients were enrolled. Four sessions of CO2 laser treatment were performed at an interval of four weeks. Patients were evaluated monthly. The interincisal distance (IID) measurement was used to evaluate maximal mouth opening capacity, and the mouth handicap in systemic sclerosis (MHISS) scale was used to assess the improvement after treatment. All of the participants were female with a mean age of 47.46 and a standard deviation of 7.11. The mean disease duration was 12.35. The mean total core of the MHISS scale was 25.24, and the mean IID was 48.11 millimetres before the treatment with CO2 laser. The MHISS score decreased, and patient satisfaction increased after treatment. However, observed differences in the results of IID were not statistically significant. In conclusion, it seems that the fractional carbon dioxide laser is effective in the improvement of perioral rhytids, patient satisfaction based on the MHISS score, and mouth disability in SSc patients.

Addressing Burn Hypertrophic Scar Symptoms Earlier: Laser Scar Revision May Begin as Early as 3-6 Months After Injury.

Fractional ablative CO2 laser (FLSR) is used to treat hypertrophic scars (HTSs) resulting from burn injuries,which are characterized by factors, such as erythema, contracture, thickness, and symptoms of pain and itch. Traditionally, waiting a year after injury for scar maturation before starting laser treatment has been recommended;however, the potential benefits of earlier intervention have gained popularity. Still, the optimal timing for beginning laser intervention in patients with HTSs remains uncertain. This study aims to evaluate the ideal timing for the initiation of FLSR for HTSs using several qualitative and quantitative assessment measures. It was hypothesized that early intervention would lead to similar improvement trends as later intervention, however, would be more ideal due to the shortened time without symptom relief for patients. Patients who received three or more laser treatment sessions and completed both pre- and posttreatment evaluations were included in this analysis (n = 69). FLSR treatment was administered at 4-8-week intervals. Patients starting treatment before 6 months after injury were classified as the early-stage intervention group and those beginning treatment at 6-12 months after injury were classified as the late-stage intervention group. Demographic data, including the age of patients at the time of first treatment, age of scars at the time of first treatment, biological sex, ethnicity, Fitzpatrick skin type, and use of laser-assisted drug delivery, were collected by retrospective chart review. Patients were evaluated on six subjective scales and objectively for scar stiffness with durometry. For all scales, higher scores indicate worse scars. A two-way ANOVA, Student's t-test, and Mann-Whitney U-test were used to compare scores from the pre- to posttreatment evaluations. There were no significant differences between the groups for any of the demographic or scar-specific variables; thus, differences in outcome can be attributed to the timing of intervention. Both groups demonstrated an improvement in scars with treatment over time (p < 0.05). Both early- and middle-stage initiation showed scar symptom improvement in five out of six scales. In the late-stage intervention, the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale-Patientaverage score did not show improvement. In the early-stage intervention, the Vancouver Scar Scaletotal did not show improvement. Quantitative evaluation of scar stiffness by durometry did not show symptom improvement in either group. The Scar Comparison Scaledemonstrated the greatest improvement across groups. Laser treatment led to scar improvement in at least one scale at each stage of initiation. Both intervention timelines resulted in equivalent outcomes, and early intervention should be considered when initiating FLSR treatment in burn scars to alleviate symptoms earlier.

Dezocine as preemptive analgesia alleviates ultrapulse CO2 fractional laser treatment induced pain in patients with acne scars.

Ultrapluse CO2 fractional laser technology has emerged as an effective treatment for scar management. However, one drawback of this modality is the pain caused during the procedure. This study aims to explore the efficacy and safety of dezocine (DZC) as preemptive analgesia for reduction of pain induced by ultrapulse CO2 fractional laser treatment for acne scars. The study cohort included 78 outpatients with acne scars between February and April 2023. Patients were randomly assigned into three groups with intravenous injection (iv) of DZC prior to laser treatment: (1) control, iv of saline; (2) DZC group 1 (DZC_1), iv of DZC at 0.15 mg/kg; and (3) DZC_2, iv of DZC at 0.20 mg/kg. After 30 min, one session of ultrapulse CO2 fractional laser treatment on acne scars was performed. Hemodynamics, visual analogue scale (VAS), and anxiety visual analog test (AVAT) were monitored prior to, during, and after the procedure. Operative success rates for patients in the control, DZC_1, and DZC_2 groups were 34.6%, 84.6%, and 100%, respectively. DZC administered with either dosage significantly reduced the VAS and AVAT scores of patients in treatment groups as compared with the subjects in the control group during the course of ultrapulse CO2 fractional laser treatment. Patients in DZC_1 and DZC_2 groups did not show any significant difference in hemodynamic parameters, VAS, and AVAT scores. Temporary adverse effects such as nausea and dizziness were observed in some subjects after treatment; the symptoms were quickly dissolved after a rest in supine position. DZC as preemptive analgesia could effectively reduce pain and anxiety induced by ultrapulse CO2 fractional laser treatment in patients. This study provided an option of preemptive anesthesia to minimize the pain and discomforts associated with laser treatments in clinical practices.

The Efficacy of CO2 Vaginal Laser in the Treatment of Recurrent, Post-Coital and Interstitial Cystitis: A Multicentric Prospective Study

Background: This multicentric prospective study was carried out at Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio Medico and Ospedale di Stato of St. Marino Republic. Between 1 January 2019, and 31 December 2022, all pre- and post-menopausal women diagnosed with recurrent, post-coital, and interstitial cystitis at both centers were included in the study. The main aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of vaginal CO2 laser treatment, alone or combined with intravesical hyaluronic acid instillations, in managing cystitis symptoms, such as dysuria, pollakiuria, and urgency, across the entire patient cohort. The secondary objective was to investigate the reduction in number of annual cystitis episodes post-treatment. Methods: Each woman underwent three to four sessions of micro-ablative CO2 vaginal laser treatment. A follow-up examination was conducted 12 months after the final laser session (up to December 2023), during which a post-treatment VAS assessment evaluated dysuria, daily pollakiuria, and urgency. The enrolled patients recorded the number of cystitis episodes experienced during the 12-month pre- and post-treatment period. Results: Results indicated the laser’s efficacy in reducing the total number of cystitis episodes per year and an improvement in symptoms up to one year post-treatment. Greater efficacy of the CO2 laser treatment, particularly when combined with intravesical hyaluronic acid instillation, was observed in both pre- and post- menopausal women. Conclusions: Fractional CO2 laser therapy represents a safe and efficacious, non-hormonal approach for pre- and post-menopausal women diagnosed with recurrent, post-coital, and interstitial cystitis.

Treatment of familial glomangiomatosis with Nd:YAG laser: a case report

ABSTRACT Familial glomangiomatosis is a rare autosomal dominant vascular malformation caused by a mutation in the glomulin GLMN gene. It is characterized by the appearance of multiple glomus tumors composed of dysmature veins surrounded by glomus cells. We present a case of an 11-year-old girl with familial glomangiomatosis successfully treated with Nd:YAG long-pulse laser. Three sessions of laser treatment were performed, resulting in more than 80% reduction of the lesion and complete disappearance of pain, with no adverse effects reported. This case report demonstrates the excellent risk-benefit ratio of Nd:YAG long-pulse laser in the treatment of familial glomangiomatosis.

Resurfacing of atrophic facial acne scars with a multimodality CO2 and 1570 nm laser system.

Scarring is one of the most prevalent long-term complications of acne vulgaris and has cosmetic, psychological, and social burdens. Contemporary management programs integrate multiple modalities to best address the multiple factors underlying their development and persistence. This work assessed the impact of sequential multimodal laser therapy on acne scar geometrics and texture. Adult patients (n = 16) with Fitzpatrick skin type II-IV and presenting with facial acne scars, underwent three combination ablative (CO2), and nonablative (1570 nm) laser treatment sessions at two-month intervals. Treatment was delivered using a ProScan Hybrid applicator, with each regimen including illumination with both ablative and a nonablative lasers applied in a grid mode sequence. Scar microtopography was assessed at baseline and 6 months after the last treatment session. At baseline, all patients had both box and rolling scars, while only three had icepick scars. Six months following treatment, mean scar volume improved from 5.7 ± 5.2 mm3 at baseline to 3.1 ± 3.0 mm3 and mean affected area improved from 165.6 ± 134.0 mm2 94.0 ± 80.1 mm2, translating to 47.0 ± 7.9% and 43.2 ± 8.6% reductions from baseline, respectively. Patients were highly satisfied with treatment outcomes, and no serious adverse reactions were documented during the course of treatment or follow-up. Multimodal CO2 and 1570-nm laser treatment improved the surface profilometry of patients with atrophic facial acne scars. Customization of both treatment intervals and laser settings to cosmetic regions, scar profiles and skin phototypes may further enhance treatment outcomes and expand its applicability to additional skin deformities.

The Use of Carbon Dioxide (Co2) Lasers in the Treatment of Vulvovaginal Atrophy Symptoms in Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Women

This study explores the efficacy of pixelated carbon dioxide (CO2) laser treatment in mitigating vulvovaginal atrophy symptoms among perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. This study examines the effectiveness of CO2 laser treatment in reducing vaginal discomfort for women experiencing menopause. With a cohort of 127 participants (mean age 47 ± 5 years), the researchers administered three sessions of vaginal CO2 laser treatment over three months. The primary evaluation metric was patient-reported satisfaction levels, aiming to assess the treatment's impact on alleviating symptoms associated with vulvovaginal atrophy, such as dryness, burning, and discomfort during intercourse. The findings revealed that 98% of the patients experienced significant symptom improvement three months post-treatment. Notably, 89% reported a resolution of sexual dysfunction due to vaginal dryness, and 96% indicated an end to discomfort and burning sensations. The satisfaction of the patients is extremely high, with 98% of the participants being satisfied with the results, and this satisfaction has persisted even after some time following the treatment. Furthermore, 95% of the women encountered no discomfort during the procedure, and any post-treatment complaints were mild and temporary, with a watery discharge being the most common. The study concludes that pixel CO2 laser treatment is a practical, painless, and efficient approach for addressing vulvovaginal atrophy symptoms, yielding high patient satisfaction rates. The study finds that using pixel CO2 laser treatment is a practical and painless way to help with symptoms of vaginal discomfort, and most patients are satisfied with the results.

Efficacy and Safety of Q-Switched 1064/532 nm Nd:YAG Lasers on Benign Hypermelanosis in Dark-Skinned Individuals-A Preliminary Study.

Background: Facial hypermelanosis is a major cosmetic issue that causes severe social embarrassment and psychological pain, particularly among Asians and dark-skinned individuals. Aim: This study assesses the safety and effectiveness of Q-switched 1064/532 nm nanosecond/picosecond lasers in removing benign hypermelanosis in dark-skinned individuals, evaluating the possible associated side effects. Material and methods: A total of 30 participants (80% females and 20% males) with Fitzpatrick skin types IV-V-VI who presented superficial benign hypermelanoses on the facial and décolleté area were enrolled. All patients underwent to one to two laser treatment sessions with a 1064/532 nm Q-switched laser system. Three months after the final laser session, results were assessed by comparing before- and after-treatment photos and using a quartile scale for lesion clearance (4-point Investigator Global Assessment scale). Results: All patients observed global improvements in their pigmented lesions: 53% of patients achieved excellent clearance, 30% of patients achieved good to moderate clearance, 10% of patients achieved slight clearance, and 7% of patients did not respond to the therapy. No serious adverse event occurred. Photos showed the clinical improvement achieved at 3 months follow-up. Conclusions: The Q-switched 1064/532 nm laser proved to be a key tool for treating benign hypermelanosis in all skin types, including dark-skinned persons.

Therapeutic effect of the combination of fractional laser and recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor in acne scar patients

Purpose: To assess the feasibility and safety of a combination therapy involving fractional laser treatment and recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor (rb-bFGF) in acne scar patients.Methods: 90 patients with acne scar admitted at Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from September 2020 to December 2022 were enrolled in retrospective study. Patients were divided into control group (n = 41), treated with rb-bFGF alone and study group (n = 49), which underwent fractional laser treatment using Lutronic fractional laser device involving 40 days per session for three sessions, with additional application of rb-bFGF in the affected area at a dose of 300 IU/cm2 , three times daily, for seven consecutive days following the completion of each laser treatment session. Treatment effect, skin physiological indices, lactic acid stinging test (LAST) scores, stratum corneum integrity, and incidence of adverse reactions were determined.Results: Study group demonstrated superior efficacy with a total effectiveness of 97.96 %, significantly outperforming control group at 85.3 % (p &lt; 0.05). Pre-treatment, both groups exhibited comparable values in trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), pH, stratum corneum hydration, and erythema (a-value) (p&gt; 0.05). Post-treatment, both groups exhibited significant improvements, with reduced TEWL, pH, and a-value, along with increased stratum corneum hydration (p &lt; 0.05). Compared to control group, study group showed significantly lower TEWL, pH, and a-value, coupled with higher stratum corneum hydration (p &lt; 0.05). Post-treatment, study group demonstrated lower total LAST scores, improved stratum corneum integrity, and a significantly lower incidence of adverse reactions.Conclusion: The combination of fractional laser and rb-bFGF in patients with acne scar improves skin barrier function, reduces lactic acid-induced stinging, and enhances stratum corneum integrity. Further research and clinical trials are needed to optimize the treatment protocols.

The efficacy and safety of low- versus high-fluence fractional picosecond Nd:YAG 1064-nm laser in the treatment of acne scars: A randomized split-face comparison study.

Differences in clinical efficacy based on the fluence of fractional picosecond laser treatment for acne scars are unknown. To compare the efficacy and safety of low-fluence versus high-fluence fractional picosecond Nd:YAG 1064-nm laser treatment in acne scar patients. In this 12-week, investigator-blinded, randomized, split-face study, 25 patients with moderate-to-severe acne scars received three sessions of high-fluence laser treatment (1.0 J/cm2 ) on one side of their face and low-fluence (0.3 J/cm2 ) on the other side every 4 weeks. Patients were assessed using acne scar counts, the scar global assessment (SGA), and the ECCA scar grading scale every 4 weeks. The histological analysis compared the acne scars obtained before and 4 weeks after treatment. At their last visit, 88.00% and 92.00% of the subjects achieved >30% reduction in scar counts on the low- and high-fluence sides, respectively, without a significant difference between the two sides. On both sides, the scar counts, SGA, and ECCA score significantly improved 4 weeks after the last treatment. Although the high-fluence side showed a greater reduction in scar counts (-66.73%) than the low-fluence side (-62.13%), the two sides had no significant difference in the grading scores. The high-fluence side showed significantly more severe pain and higher side-effect scores immediately and 4 weeks after treatment. Histological analysis revealed a significantly increased collagen, elastin, and vimentin expression after treatment on the low-fluence side. The low-fluence setting demonstrated comparable efficacy and superior safety in treating acne scars compared with the high-fluence setting.

OCT angiography in the monitoring of vaginal health.

Fractional-pixel CO2 laser therapy shows promise for treating the genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM). Nevertheless, it remains controversial in the field of female pelvic medicine. This is due to the inherent difficulties in obtaining noninvasive biopsies to evaluate the treatment's efficacy and safety objectively. To address this challenge, we developed a noninvasive intravaginal optical coherence tomography (OCT)/OCT angiography (OCTA) endoscopic system, whose probe features a shape identical to the laser treatment probe. This system can provide high-resolution OCT images to identify the microstructure of vaginal tissue and visualize the vasculature network in vivo. We conducted clinical research on 25 post-menopausal patients with GSM. OCT/OCTA scans were acquired at four different locations of the vagina (distal anterior, distal posterior, proximal anterior, and proximal posterior) during the whole laser treatment session. A U-Net deep learning model was applied to segment the vaginal epithelium for assessing vaginal epithelial thickness (VET). Blood vessel density and VET were quantified to monitor the efficacy of fractional-pixel CO2 laser therapy. Statistical correlation analyses between these metrics and other clinical scores were conducted, validating the utility of our system. This OCT/OCTA endoscopic system has great potential to serve as a noninvasive biopsy tool in gynecological studies to screen, evaluate, and guide laser treatment for GSM.

Collagen Synthesis as a Prominent Process During the Interval between Two Laser Sessions.

Introduction: Many people suffer from skin photodamage, especially photoaging. The application of a laser to repair damages is a common therapeutic method that is used widely. In the present study, the effectiveness and molecular mechanism of an Er:Glass non-ablative fractional laser on the human skin was assessed via bioinformatics and network analysis. Methods: The gene expression profiles of 17 white female forearm skins which received an Er:Glass non-ablative fractional laser before and after laser treatment in two sessions were extracted from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Data were evaluated via GEO2R and the significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were assessed via protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. The central nodes were identified and discussed for the compared set of samples. Results: Five classes of samples were clustered in two categories: first, baseline, 7 and 14 days after the first session of laser treatment, and second, one day after the first laser session, 29 days after the first laser session, and 1 day after the second laser session. The gross cell functions such as cell division and cell cycle and immune response were highlighted as the early affected targets of the laser. Collagen synthesis was resulted after the first laser session. Conclusion: In conclusion, the time interval between laser sessions plays a critical role in the effectiveness of laser therapy. Findings indicate that the gross effect of laser application appears in a short time, and important processes such as collagen synthesis happen later.

The efficacy of combining low-level laser therapy with oral motor exercises in patients with temporomandibular disorders (pilot study)

Background: The term temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) is used for clinical signs and symptoms affecting the masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joints (TMJs) and associated structures or both. TMDs may present clinically with facial pain in the region of the TMJs and/or muscles of mastication, limitation in mouth opening, and TMJ clicking during mastication. Treatment of TMDs includes occlusal splints, drug therapy, physiotherapy, auriculotherapy and low-level laser therapy (LLLT). Methods: Ten patients with TMD were recruited from the Oral Medicine clinics at Prince Sultan Military Medical City. The participants were randomly allocated into two equal groups. All participants attended a total of eight laser treatment sessions using a 940 nm diode laser. The deep-tissue laser hand-piece was applied perpendicular to the Temporalis muscle, Masseter muscle and TMJ region bilaterally. Patients in the second group attended physiotherapy sessions in addition to the laser sessions. Participants were evaluated for range of mandibular movement, pain, and tenderness to palpation before treatment, one-week post-treatment, and thirty days after treatment completion. Results: This study, being a pilot study, was conducted in a comparatively small number of patients. It allowed for the assessment of research feasibility, methodology, limitations, and preliminary outcomes. Moreover, variations in the response to treatment were observed between the two groups, with results of this study supporting previous findings that LLLT is an effective treatment for TMD symptoms, tenderness to palpation, as well as improving jaw functional behavior. Conclusions: Therefore, LLLT therapy may be a promising tool for the management of TMD, especially when combined with physiotherapy.

Laser Impacts on Skin Rejuvenation: The Use of a Synergistic Emission of CO2 and 1540 nm Wavelengths.

Background and Objectives: For nearly 15 years, carbon dioxide (CO2) laser has been the gold standard in skin rejuvenation. Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of a new laser device which combines CO2 and 1540 nm wavelengths in wrinkles reduction, using a recently developed scanning unit named the µScan DOT scanner. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 female patients underwent from two to four laser treatment sessions performed once every 45-90 days. Wrinkles reduction was evaluated using the Fitzpatrick Wrinkle Classification System (FWCS). Evaluations of five-point Global Patient's Assessment (PGA) and an Oedema and Erythema index based on a four-point scale were carried out. A careful photographic evaluation was performed to observe the patients' aesthetic improvements. All the assessments were performed before and at 3 months follow up (3 MFU) after the last treatment session. Results: The mean FWCS score significantly (p < 0.01) decreased from 5.45 ± 2.21 at baseline to 3.3 ± 1.78 at 3 MFU after the last treatment session. In total, 8/20 (40%) subjects reported excellent improvement, 7/20 (35%) subjects showed good improvement, 5/20 (25%) subjects showed slight improvement, and 0/20 (0%) subjects showed no improvement. Concerning the Oedema index, 15/20 subjects experienced a mild one, 5/20 subjects experienced a moderate one, and none of 20 experienced a severe one, while for the Erythema index, 1/20 patients experienced mild, 18/20 patients experienced moderate, and only 1/20 patient experienced severe erythema. No severe adverse events were observed. Conclusions: This dual-wavelength laser technique may become a promising new option for safe, nonsurgical improvement for skin rejuvenation with an extremely low risk of scarring or hypopigmentation and shorter healing times.

Spatially modulated erbium YAG laser as a treatment for diabetic ulcer.

Diabetic ulcers are a significant healthcare challenge, capable of diminishing quality of life, lengthening hospitalisation stay, and incurring substantial costs for patients and healthcare systems. Erbium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er-YAG) laser has been evolving as a prospective intervention for addressing wounds of various aetiologies. Despite this, the literature remains limited in appraising the effectiveness of laser therapy specifically in diabetic wounds. This study investigates the impact of employing a spatially modulated Er-YAG laser as a therapeutic approach for treating diabetic ulcers. In a single-arm study conducted from November 2017 to April 2023, patients with hard-to-heal ulcers were treated in a two-step approach of wound debridement using Er-YAG laser for ablation and biostimulation through deep tissue resonance using RecoSMA (Multiline laser system, LINLINE MS, Latvia) laser technology. Ulcers received weekly laser treatment, together with routine care until healing occurred and were then followed up to observe any recurrence. The primary outcome measure was wound closure; the secondary outcome measures were time to closure, and the number of laser treatments required. Data related to sociodemographic details, size and number of diabetic ulcers, and number of sessions related to laser treatment were collected using a predesigned, pretested questionnaire before initiating the treatment. A total of 59 patients attending the clinic during the study period with diabetic ulcers were included in the study. The mean wound surface area at baseline was 25.7cm2 (median: 12cm2). The average number of sessions of laser treatment required was 4.41, ranging from 1-11. The size of the ulcer reduced with each session of laser treatment. The diabetic ulcers healed completely at the end of the treatment, indicating the effectiveness of the Er-YAG/RecoSMA two-step approach. Spatially modulated erbium YAG laser is effective as a therapeutic approach for treating diabetic ulcers.

Персонализированная навигационная панретинальная лазеркоагуляция: миф или реальность в клинической практике?

Purpose.To present the results of personalized navigated panretinal laser coagulation in the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy based on angioimaging data. Methods. Personalized navigated panretinal laser coagulation of the retina using Navilas 577s navigated laser system (OD-OS, Germany) was performed in 15 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Angioimages obtained by optical coherence tomography or data from wide-field fluorescein angiography (off-label) were superimposed on photographs of the retina obtained on the navigated laser system. Based on the image obtained in this way, boundaries of nonperfusion, areas of neovascularization were determined, after which individual planning of navigated panretinal laser coagulation was performed. Results. The results of navigated panretinal laser coagulation were evaluated before each subsequent session of laser treatment, the final control examination was carried out 1 month after the last session. Average total duration of laser treatment was 4.25±0.93 months. According to wide-field SOCT angiography, ischemic zones were blocked and did not extend beyond the laser exposure. At the same time, perfused areas of the retina were intact. Conclusion.Angiovisualization in modern diagnostic devices makes it possible to determine the individual boundaries of nonperfusion zones, develop a personalized plan for panretinal laser coagulation and presence of navigation support for the procedure makes it possible to implement the planned treatment accurately in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Key words: proliferative diabetic retinopathy; navigated panretinal laser coagulation; angioimaging.

Cosmetic therapies for Chinese patients with acne taking concomitant or recent intake of oral isotretinoin: A retrospective study.

The current standard recommendation is to initiate the cosmetic therapies after discontinuing taking oral isotretinoin for at least 6 months. However, this recommendation has been questioned in several recent publications, and it is difficult to operate in clinical practice as early initiation of effective treatment is desirable for patients with acne sequelae. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of chemical peeling and light/laser or radiofrequency treatments combined with oral isotretinoin for patients with acne vulgaris and acne scars. A retrospective study of 511 patients on/or recently administered with isotretinoin treated with glycolic acid, intense pulsed light, nonablative fractional laser, fractional radiofrequency, and ablative carbon dioxide laser. A total of 1352 interventions were performed. The medical follow-up lasted for at least 1 year. The efficacy and safety of different procedures were evaluated. A total of 511 patients, who were treated with isotretinoin orally or stopped for <6 months, received 477 sessions of glycolic acid chemical peeling treatment, 588 sessions of intense pulsed light treatment, 61 sessions of nonablative fractional laser treatment, 101 sessions of fractional radiofrequency treatment, and 125 sessions of ablative fractional carbon dioxide laser treatment. No hypertrophic scars and keloids were found, and the incidence of serious adverse reactions such as scarring, erythema, blisters, and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation did not increase. It is safe to perform skin procedures in patients with acne and acne scars during or after discontinuation of isotretinoin for <6 months. Invasive treatments such as ablative fractional carbon dioxide laser treatment can be performed, as appropriate, by an experienced physician. The guideline of avoiding chemical and physical procedures in such patients taking oral isotretinoin should to revised.

Musculoskeletal Pain Among Eye Care Professionals.

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate musculoskeletal pain among eye care professionals. Methods Thiscross-sectional studywas conducted using an electronic detailed questionnaire through Google Forms. The structured questionnaire was distributed through various social media platforms targeting eye care professionals. The study included currently practicing ophthalmologists (Consultants, Specialists, Residents), optometrists, and orthoptists. Results A total of 514 eye care professionals participated in the study. The majority were younger than 30 years old (43.8%), with more than half being males (51.8%) and ophthalmologists (55.2%). The prevalence of eye care professionals who were suffering from musculoskeletal pain was 66.7%. The prevalence was significantly higher among females (76.2%) and those over 50 years old (71.4%). Sixty-eight point three percent (68.3%) of participants who don't do running exercises and 92.2% of those with comorbidities suffer from pain. The prevalence of pain among eye care professionals who every weekexamine more than 150 patients is 72.4%, perform more than 20 surgeries is 85.7%, and conduct more than 20 laser treatment sessions is 100%. Conclusion Musculoskeletal pain is highly prevalent among eye care professionals. This is especially true among females and older adults (>50 years). Among different exercises, running is most protective against musculoskeletal pain. Comorbidities contribute significantly to developing pain.

THE EFFICACY OF FRACTIONAL PICOSECOND 1064NM ND-YAG LASER IN THE TREATMENT OF ATROPHIC ACNE SCARS

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of fractional picosecond 1064nm Nd-YAG laser in the treatment of acne scar. Methods: This is a uncontrolled prospective study. 32 patients with atrophic acne scars were enrolled into study to receive 3 sessions of fractional picosecond 1064nm Nd-YAG laser treatment at 4-week intervals. The laser settings were 0.8J/cm2 in fluence, 8-mm spot size, 5% coverage and 5Hz in repetition rate. The primary outcome was the change in Goodman and Baron’s quantitative and qualitative grading scale between baseline and 3 months after the last treatment. Results: Goodman and Baron scale significantly decreased after the treatments with 12,1 (± 5.51) points in mean reduction (p &lt; 0.001). There was a significant improvement in scar color, in which the red scar color reduced from 24.5% to 3.8% (p &lt; 0.001). There were 73.1% of patients improved a scar degree. The number of scars (including icepick, rolling, and boxcar scars) also significantly decreased from after treatment (p &lt; 0.001). No patient developed postinflamatory hyperpigmentation. Conclusion: Fractional picosecond 1064nm Nd-YAG laser is an effective option for treatmenting atrophic acne scars.