Efficacy and Safety of Q-Switched 1064/532 nm Nd:YAG Lasers on Benign Hypermelanosis in Dark-Skinned Individuals-A Preliminary Study.

Abstract

Background: Facial hypermelanosis is a major cosmetic issue that causes severe social embarrassment and psychological pain, particularly among Asians and dark-skinned individuals. Aim: This study assesses the safety and effectiveness of Q-switched 1064/532 nm nanosecond/picosecond lasers in removing benign hypermelanosis in dark-skinned individuals, evaluating the possible associated side effects. Material and methods: A total of 30 participants (80% females and 20% males) with Fitzpatrick skin types IV-V-VI who presented superficial benign hypermelanoses on the facial and décolleté area were enrolled. All patients underwent to one to two laser treatment sessions with a 1064/532 nm Q-switched laser system. Three months after the final laser session, results were assessed by comparing before- and after-treatment photos and using a quartile scale for lesion clearance (4-point Investigator Global Assessment scale). Results: All patients observed global improvements in their pigmented lesions: 53% of patients achieved excellent clearance, 30% of patients achieved good to moderate clearance, 10% of patients achieved slight clearance, and 7% of patients did not respond to the therapy. No serious adverse event occurred. Photos showed the clinical improvement achieved at 3 months follow-up. Conclusions: The Q-switched 1064/532 nm laser proved to be a key tool for treating benign hypermelanosis in all skin types, including dark-skinned persons.