Services In Ukraine Research Articles

LEGAL REGULATION OF THE APPLICATION OF POLITICAL CORRECTNESS IN PUBLIC SERVICE IN UKRAINE

The article analyzes the legal regulation of the use of political correctness in public service in Ukraine under modern conditions. At the beginning of the study, the prerequisites for the emergence and conditions for the implementation of the idea of political correctness are mentioned. The meaning of the concept of «political correctness» is revealed from different angles, taking into account what exactly is included in it and in what context it is used. It is indicated that the use of political correctness in the public service contributes to the establishment of contacts between different categories of persons, the formation of friendly and neutral relations, the strengthening of humanistic attitudes in society and the strengthening of the public's trust in the government (official apparatus). The main part of the article is devoted to the analysis of the normative consolidation of the idea of political correctness in international and domestic legal acts. It is found out, that the provisions of the studied international documents contain norms that indirectly regulate the issue of ensuring political correctness in the sphere of public administration and in other social spheres. There is no clear normative definition of the concept of «political correctness» in their provisions. It is established that the national legislation also does not contain a normative definition of the concept of «political correctness», but only establishes the principles of «discrimination-free barriers». These principles are laid down in Art. 24 of the Constitution of Ukraine. On the basis of the specified constitutional norm, legal acts detailing the application of political correctness in public service in Ukraine were adopted at different time intervals. At the end of the article, it is concluded that political correctness in the modern world is an important element of everyday communication, especially in the field of public administration. Political correctness is a standard of socially permissible and acceptable behavior of public officials when communicating with different groups (age, ethnic, sexual, etc.) of the population with the aim of preventing any oppression or humiliation of human honor and dignity, by using stylistically neutral vocabulary and non-verbal communication.

Scientific concepts of development of public services in Ukraine

The scientific article is devoted to highlighting the state of scientific development of the provision of public services in Ukraine. The achievements of administrative scientists and approaches to understanding the categories of public and administrative services provided by public administration bodies are highlighted. The works of administrative scientists who paid considerable attention to the issue of providing administrative services in various spheres or to a specific subject were analyzed, namely: Bondarenko I.O. «Organizational and legal foundations of service provision in the field of customs affairs»; Bulkovskii T.O. «Quality management of the provision of administrative services by the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine; Vasylieva N.V. «Theoretical and methodological foundations of the formation and development of the system of providing administrative services at the regional level»; Voronyatnikov O.O. «Administrative and legal status of the State Migration Service of Ukraine»; Horbatyuk V.I. «Mechanisms for providing administrative services in the field of public finance management»; Dembytska S.L. «Legal principles of the provision of administrative services to the population of Ukraine by local self­government bodies»; Kostin O.Yu. «Administrative services provided by the State Border Service of Ukraine»; Mordvin I.A. «Administrative services of tax authorities of Ukraine»; V.V. Petovka «Legal regulation of the provision of administrative services in Ukraine»; Severin V.I. Administrative and legal principles of the provision of permit services by subjects of public administration; Skoromnyi Y.I. «Administrative services in agriculture of Ukraine; Sorokina I.S. «District State Administration as a Subject of Provision of Administrative Services»; Ter-Stepanyan O.V. «Administrative and legal principles of providing administrative services in the field of telecommunications and postal communication»; Khymychuk K.V. «Legal regulation of the provision of administrative services by the justice bodies of Ukraine», Pryimak L.I. «Public services in the activity of the State Tax Service of Ukraine: organizational and legal principles», etc. It was concluded that the attention of both scientists and practitioners is paid to the general principles of public service provision in Ukraine (the concept, essence of administrative services, principles of classification, quality assessment, etc.); the study of legal problems of public administration bodies has gained special development, the result of which is the introduction of a number of changes and additions to the current legislation that concerns the provision of public services; considerable attention is paid to the issue of providing public services in various areas or to a certain entity, etc. At the same time, the analysis of scientific publications, monographic studies, practical recommendations, as well as the results of the activities of public administration bodies on the provision of public services in Ukraine show that a complex scientific approach is needed to study the peculiarities of the provision of public services in Ukraine.

Some aspects of termination of civil service in Ukraine and in the countries of the European Union

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of termination of civil service in Ukraine and in some European countries. Within the framework of the article the legal grounds for termination of civil service and the procedures for the termination of administrative-service relations is analyzed. The author tries to make a partial comparative analysis of the mechanisms of termination of civil service in Ukraine and some European countries. The author put an emphasis on the need to clearly define the status of a civil servant upon termination of civil service and the expediency of implementing an effective mechanism for his legal protection upon termination of official relations on initiative of the subject of appointment, on the one hand, and of increasing the personal responsibility of civil servants for fulfilling their obligations upon termination of civil service on of their own accord, on the other hand. Understanding the concept of termination of civil service and legal grounds of such termination according to Ukrainian legislation and to legislation of foreign countries, in particular Lithuania, Czech Republic, Germany and Poland were analyzed. An intermediate conclusion that the establishing an exhaustive list of legal grounds for termination of civil service is a positive factor which is inherent in the legislation of most European countries, that prevents an abuse and arbitrary behavior by the subject of appointment and minimizes the influence of political factors on the civil service corps and guarantees its stability and perpetuity, was made. Based on the results of the analysis, the features of the realization of procedures of the termination of civil service, the notice periods for termination of civil service, both from the subject of appointment and from the civil servant, were highlighted. The author put an emphasis on the peculiarities of the termination of civil service under the martial law of Ukraine. It was concluded that the legislation of Ukraine on the termination of service relations fully complies with European standards and contributes to the effective functioning of the civil service institute in the country. That is why the opinion regarding the availability of effective and high-quality functioning of the civil service in the conditions of the European integration processes of our country, evidence of which is the existing mechanisms for protecting the rights and freedoms of civil servants before, during and after the termination of service relations and the ensuring public interests through maximum use of their potential, was expressed by the author.

Competitiveness of domestic educational services on the international market

It is indicated that Ukraine, as a country that has a large number of effective educational institutions that educate leading specialists in their field, who are currently using their knowledge in projects around the world, should be in the top list of countries for exporting educational services in the world. With the beginning of the anti-terrorist operation in 2014, as well as with the beginning of full-scale military operations in 2022, the development of the export of educational services in Ukraine decreased, and therefore the place of Ukrainian educational services in the international market of educational services decreased as well. The corresponding state of affairs implies the need to develop mechanisms and ways to increase the level of competitiveness of Ukraine in the international market of educational services, which is relevant and requires research. It was noted that on the way to European integration, Ukraine adheres to a number of international standards, actively develops its economy, in particular, in the field of education. The scientific article is devoted to the study of issues of competitiveness of domestic educational services on the international market. The place of domestic educational services in the international market and the dynamics of the development of domestic educational services in the international market are determined. The particularities of the obstacles that currently do not allow the proper development of Ukrainian educational services on the international market of educational services are given. The reasons that stimulate the development of domestic educational services and stimulate the strengthening of the position of domestic educational services on the international market are determined. Features, general characteristics and risks of competitiveness of domestic services and factors influencing the competitiveness of services are determined. The features of the competitiveness of domestic educational services are given, as well as the dynamics of the corresponding competitiveness before and during the legal regime of martial law in Ukraine. The impact of martial law on the development of the competitiveness of domestic educational services is determined; the negative impact of martial law on the competitiveness of domestic educational services and ways to improve the situation are highlighted.

EVOLUTIONARY TRANSFORMATION OF THE QUALITY ASSURANCE SYSTEM OF DEFENSE GOODS, SERVICES AND WORKS IN UKRAINE

It is inadvisable to limit the quality assurance system for defense-related goods/services/works solely to a set of mechanisms; it must necessarily encompass vertical and horizontal connections both among the relevant functional blocks (subsystems) and between the entities involved in their operation. In the context of not only geopolitical challenges but also the ongoing daily struggle against an aggressor state, it is critically important to establish an effective and efficient system for controlling the quality of defense-related goods/services/works. This article is dedicated to the systematization of the characteristics of transformational changes and the outlining of methodological foundations for the effective functioning of the quality assurance system for defense- related goods, works, and services in Ukraine. A conceptual three-level model of the quality assurance system for defense-related goods, services, and works has been formulated by distinguishing the essential parameters of their operation at the global, national, and micro levels. The peculiarities of forming a quality assurance system for defense-related products at both the micro and macro levels have been justified. It has been emphasized that the effectiveness of the evolutionary transformation of the quality assurance system for defense-related products at all levels of its representation should be characterized by the penetration of market forces into the mechanism of its operation. Attention has been drawn to the substantive directions for implementing the requirements of NATO standards in the AQAP series (AQAP 2110) within the framework of a corporate quality management system in accordance with ISO 9001. Since there are no legal or legislative requirements mandating the implementation of quality management systems, the enhancement and improvement of the efficiency of internal business and production processes should be a direct concern of the enterprise itself, driven by market forces. At the same time, the state should create stimulating mechanisms, for instance, by employing soft regulation; in military procurement specifications, it should mandate the presence of a certificate of compliance with AQAP requirements for the enterprises involved. The expected effects of the transformation of the studied system include economic, organizational, and worldview effects. A comparative analysis of the evolutionary transformation of the quality assurance system for defense-related goods, services, and works has been conducted based on the following criteria: the object and subject of control; the function performed by the control subject; the breadth of the controlling institution’s functionality; the perimeter of the controlling institution’s authority; the level of depth of control; and the level of subordination of the controlling institution to the Ministry of Defense. Despite the complexity of the task declared at the state level regarding the functioning of the state guarantee system for the quality of defense-related products, which is influenced not only by objective factors but also by worldview factors, its implementation has the potential to significantly enhance the quality of Ukraine’s defense products and substantially improve Ukraine’s rankings in terms of transparency, institutional maturity, and the ecological soundness of economic relations in the defense sector.

ANALYSIS OF STAFFING OF THE MEDICAL AND GENETIC SERVICE IN UKRAINE

Aim. To study the staffing conditions of the medical-genetic service in Ukraine during the period from 2008 to 2022 and to forecast the staffing dynamics until 2026. Materials and Methods: Statistical data from healthcare institutions in Ukraine that provided medical-genetic services during the period from 2008 to 2022 were analyzed, based on reporting forms 21, 17, 49 from the City Health Center website http://medstat.gov.ua/ukr/statdan.html and http://medstat.gov.ua/ukr/statdanMMXIX.html. Single-factor linear regression models were applied for mathematical modeling, with quality assessment conducted using the coefficient of determination R². Calculations were performed using MedCalc® Statistical Software (v.22.009). Results: Compared to 2008, there was a significant reduction in the number of full-time positions of heads of offices (genetic doctors), genetic doctors, and genetic laboratory doctors in Ukraine in 2022 by -45.24%, -24.83%, and -23.39%, respectively. A significant decrease in the number of these positions was determined (p<0.05). In 2022, compared to 2008, there was also a decrease in the staffing rate of all full-time positions with occupied positions of the personnel of centers/offices. Specifically, for genetic doctors, the staffing rate in 2022 was 69.62% compared to 85.37% in 2008, and for genetic laboratory doctors, it was 57.54% compared to 94.62% in 2022 and 2008, respectively. The level of provision of geneticists (individuals) in Ukraine in 2022 was 1.99 per 1 million population, which is -16.03% less than in 2008. Furthermore, compared to 2008, the share of vacant positions for genetic doctors in 2022 increased 2-fold, and for genetic laboratory doctors almost 8-fold. According to the results of mathematical forecasting, in 2026, a further decrease in the availability of genetic doctors to the level of 1.77 per 1 million population is predicted (R²=0.88, p<0.001). Results. Compared to 2008, there was a significant reduction in the number of full-time positions of heads of offices (genetic doctors), genetic doctors, and genetic laboratory doctors in Ukraine in 2022 by -45.24%, -24.83%, and -23.39%, respectively. A significant decrease in the number of these positions was determined (p<0.05). In 2022, compared to 2008, there was also a decrease in the staffing rate of all full-time positions with occupied positions of the personnel of centers/offices. Specifically, for genetic doctors, the staffing rate in 2022 was 69.62% compared to 85.37% in 2008, and for genetic laboratory doctors, it was 57.54% compared to 94.62% in 2022 and 2008, respectively. Furthermore, in comparison with 2008, the share of vacant positions for genetic doctors in 2022 increased in 2-fold, and for genetic laboratory doctors almost in 8-fold. According to the results of mathematical forecasting, in 2026, a further decrease in the availability of genetic doctors to the level of 1.77 per 1 million population is predicted (R²=0.88, p<0.001). Conclusions. Based on the analysis of staffing of the medical-genetic service in Ukraine during the period 2008-2022, conclusions can be drawn about the reduction in the number of full-time positions and the availability of genetic doctors in the medical-genetic service in Ukraine. To ensure proper medical-genetic counseling for the population, it is necessary to develop an effective strategy for improving the organization of the medical-genetic service, capable of providing comprehensive support for patients with genetic pathologies.

Risk management in the construction industry in Ukraine

The effective functioning and recovery of the construction industry in the face of economic instability and war is an essential task for Ukraine. The destruction of infrastructure, reduced demand for construction projects, and logistical difficulties pose complex challenges that require a comprehensive approach. The recovery of the construction industry contributes to the physical restoration of infrastructure and stimulates the countryʼs economic and social development. Attracting financial support from international partners is a crucial element of successful recovery. This article analyzes in detail the role and structure of the construction industry in Ukraine. After the destruction of infrastructure due to the war, the construction industry has become an essential catalyst for physical recovery and economic growth. To provide financial support for recovery efforts, the government has created several specialized funds to help rebuild the countryʼs economy and infrastructure. These investments are expected to contribute to job creation, increased production activity, and economic development. War damage assessments and recovery plans confirm the importance and potential of the construction industry for Ukraineʼs economic recovery. In particular, the plan of the national recovery program for construction and related services in Ukraine includes the modernization of logistics, housing, and infrastructure directing significant financial resources. This is expected to stimulate growth in the construction industry, providing new business opportunities and creating new jobs. However, there are also risks associated with political and physical insecurity, currency depreciation, supply chain disruptions, and labor shortages. To overcome these challenges, a comprehensive approach is needed, including risk management, stabilization of economic conditions, and support for infrastructure projects. In addition, close cooperation between various institutions is needed to effectively address these challenges and ensure the sustainable development of the construction industry in Ukraine.

Significance of the insurance market for the financial system of Ukraine

In conditions of developed market relations and strengthening of globalization processes, the development of the insurance market is determined by the socio-economic needs of the society’s development. The paper examines the definition of “insurance market” and shows the place of insurance companies among other key players in the financial system of Ukraine. The results of the study showed that the insurance market should be considered as a special sphere of monetary relations, where the subject of purchase and sale is a specific service—insurance protection—and where supply and demand for this service are formed. The development of the insurance market is determined by two main aspects. Firstly, this is due to the need of the population and business entities for insurance protection due to many risks. Secondly, the insurance fund as a whole has a monetary form, which makes it a full participant in the country’s monetary system and a method of interaction with other participants in the money market. Insurance companies are providers of financial services in Ukraine along with banks, investment, leasing, brokerage companies, credit unions, payment institutions and other participants in the financial system. The essence of insurance companies is revealed due to their functions. Among the functions of the insurance market, risk, financial, incentive, control, social, redistribution, investment and accumulation functions are identified. The main aspects characterizing the positive impact of the insurance market on the development of Ukraine are also noted and disclosed. Among the components through which insurance companies have a positive impact on the development of Ukraine are financial protection and stability, attracting investment, supporting entrepreneurship, social security, increasing financial literacy of the population, and promoting the development of international relations. The conducted research allows us to assert that the level of development of the insurance market reflects the possibilities of economic growth of Ukraine and is one of the main indicators of the developed financial system of the state.

Modernization of administrative services in Ukraine based on the approval of new principles of their provision

The article is devoted to the topic of introducing new approaches to the provision of administrative services in Ukraine based on the approval of new principles of their provision. It is noted that administrative services are the leading means of realizing the rights of citizens in the field of public administration, because the absolute majority of cases decided by public administration bodies are initiated by citizens themselves and concern their subjective rights. The Ukrainian state quite successfully coped with the challenges in the field of administrative services after the beginning of the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on February 24, 2022. At the current stage, the format of “state-citizen” and “state-business” relations must be modernized taking into account modern technologies, optimization of procedures and improvement of service quality . Of great importance in the process of providing administrative services is the focus on modern, objective principles of their provision determined by socio-economic and technological development. After all, today a widespread phenomenon is the “digitalization” of the process of providing administrative services, which involves the introduction of electronic document management, the creation of online platforms for receiving services, and the automation of administrative procedures. The Center for Political and Legal Reforms developed the “Strategy for the reform of administrative services and their digitalization”. From the analysis of the document, it follows that the principles of providing administrative services today need a doctrinal update in their interpretation. In particular, the system of principles of administrative services should be supplemented with such things as decentralization of powers, simplification of procedures for the provision of administrative services, formality, integration of basic services in the Central Administrative Service, compensability for the provision of administrative services, unification of the procedure for resolving administrative cases, development of electronic public services, proactivity of public administration in in the field of provision of administrative services, protection of personal data.

Application of the principle of individualization and personalization in the activity of the state employment service: administrative and legal aspect

The article examines and argues for the use of the principle of individualization and personalization in the work of the State Employment Service, which functions as an executive body. The author considers approaches to individualization and personalization as key elements of state policy regarding employment provision and labor market regulation. The author emphasizes that the analysis of the principles governing the activities of the State Employment Service is a fundamental and critically important aspect for the organization and effective functioning of this institution. The article analyzes the meaning and application of the principle of individualization and personalization in the activity of the State Employment Service in Ukraine from an administrative and legal perspective. The importance of establishing clear normative definitions of these principles is emphasized, as they determine the basic standards and norms for the functioning of state bodies. In particular, insufficient regulation can lead to differences in their understanding and application, complicating the planning and organization of activities. The author analyzes the international experience of applying the principle of “case management” and points out the need to introduce individually oriented support methods for each unemployed person in Ukraine. Particular emphasis is placed on innovations, including the reform of the organizational structure of the State Employment Service, which is aimed at increasing efficiency and customer focus. In particular, the introduction of a career counselor as an institution demonstrates the authority’s desire to provide an individual approach and personalized support to each client. An analysis of the career counselor’s functions confirms its focus on developing individual career plans for clients, taking into account their personal needs and capabilities. Manifestations of the application of the principle of individualization in the activities of the State Employment Service are considered, in particular, through drawing up an individual employment plan with a job seeker. The author emphasizes that this plan is a program of cooperation between the unemployed and a career counselor, aimed at organizing and ensuring the provision of social services in the field of employment. Special attention is paid to the expected positive impact of such an individual approach on the effectiveness of the job search and compliance with the needs of employers . It was concluded that in the context of the activity of the State Employment Service, the principle of individual approach and personalization is manifested in the expansion of the range of services for clients, taking into account their unique needs, level of professional training, motivation and readiness for mobility. This approach becomes an important component of the development strategy of the state employment service and contributes to increasing its effectiveness in achieving the goal of creating conditions for active employment of the population.

Characteristics and social significance of the civil service

The article is devoted to the problems of the categorical apparatus of the civil service in Ukraine. The civil service in our country is recognized as one of the most important institutions in the formation and development of Ukrainian statehood. It is from this institute that the quality of functioning of the social and political system as a whole and the solution of multifaceted tasks and functions of the modern state depend. Civil service has the greatest influence on the development of constitutional and legal formations and is the basis of state construction. It is argued that the civil service is a complex and multifunctional, legal and political institution, the essence of which is the performance by officials who are endowed with high professionalism, act in a complex relationship and in close interaction both among themselves and with other systemic entities, political forces, by public organizations and citizens, tasks and functions of the state within the legal field and in accordance with the authority granted to them to create social benefits, further development of social well-being and stability in the state. The most important features of the civil service are highlighted: the content of the civil service is an activity aimed at the practical implementation of tasks and functions of the state (analysis, development and implementation of state policy, ensuring the provision of affordable and high-quality administrative services, etc.); the public nature of this activity; professionalism; politically impartial character. It has been established that the priority of human rights and interests over the interests of the state should be the main feature of modern civil service. The goal of the civil service is disclosed, which consists in streamlining and increasing the efficiency of the processes of formation and implementation of state power and state administration, provided that responsibility for the performance of the powers of the position and social and economic guarantees of the civil service are combined. The main goals and tasks of the civil service have been defined in terms of ensuring the fair, effective and stable activity of state authorities in accordance with their powers and competence, aimed at protecting the rights and freedoms of people and citizens, as well as creating conditions for the development of civil society.

Methodological approaches to the optimization of administrative services in Ukraine

Methodological approaches to the optimization of administrative services in Ukraine

METHODOLOGY OF USING VIRTUAL ASSETS AS MEANS OF PAYMENT AT THE FIAT LEVEL: PROBLEMATIC ISSUES IN UKRAINE

The FinTech sector, as one of the dynamic parts of Ukraine's economic frontier, has not only withstood the challenges of one of the most difficult times of independence, but has also continued to develop despite all the difficulties of the difficult time, and often despite it. The purpose of the article is to study the legal framework and methodology for the use of virtual assets as a means of payment in Ukraine before and after the entry into force of the cryptocurrency- specific Law No. 2074. Methodology. Both general scientific and special legal research methods were used to achieve the purpose of the study. The scientific novelty is an attempt to provide a legal assessment of the existing methodology for conducting increasingly popular transactions with virtual assets through the acquiring mechanism, against the background of an almost non-existent legal framework for their regulation. Conclusions. In fact, there is a paradigm in Ukraine regarding the recognition of virtual assets as means of payment. On the one hand, formally, at the legislative level, there are no plans to recognize virtual assets as a means of payment after the entry into force of Law 2074. On the other hand, from a practical point of view, before the entry into force of Law 2074, virtual assets are increasingly accepted as a means of payment in Ukraine. Prior to the entry into force of Law 2074, banks and cryptocurrency exchanges must act as tax agents in acquiring transactions for the purpose of payment for services and goods. Amendments to the Tax Code of Ukraine for the entry into force of Law 2074 do not provide for withholding tax when paying income to an individual from transactions with virtual assets. This will not contribute to the timely and full payment of taxes to the budget. The widespread use of cryptocurrencies directly in payments for goods and services in Ukraine, without official acquiring operations, before the entry into force of Law 2074 may have certain negative tax consequences for business entities.

EFFICIENCY OF ACCOUNTING CONSULTING IN IT COMPANIES AND THE CURRENT DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

The primary focus of this scientific article is to comprehensively examine the nature and potential growth of accounting consulting within the realm of IT enterprise management. Specifically, the research aims to uncover the theoretical principles and real-world implications of accounting consulting and to evaluate its influence on the financial stability and efficacy of an enterprise. The current trends, advantages and disadvantages of using information technologies in the modern world, their development and application in agriculture are substantiated. Having analyzed the data on the structure of the consulting market in Ukraine by segments, it is found that accounting consulting occupies a prominent place in the market of consulting services in Ukraine and is one of the important elements of doing business in the modern world. The article examines how actively companies use IT technologies and innovative solutions, as well as the provision of accounting advice by various consulting companies, both foreign and domestic. It is noted that the activities of IT companies are considered to be very specific compared to other types of services. This fact is confirmed by legislative acts not only in Ukraine but also in other countries of the world and Europe. The article considers the peculiarities of the taxation system, rules of profit taxation and certain types of benefits for IT companies, problems of licensing of accounting consulting companies, as well as services provided by consulting firms. The authors suggest ways of developing consulting companies in Ukraine. It is predicted that in the future, accounting consulting in the IT sector will continue to integrate modern technologies and will focus on analytics and strategic management.

Ecosystem services of "Zagrebell" regional landscape park in the urbanized environment of Ternopol: conceptual frameworks, approaches to assessment

Purpose. To consider the problem of the lack of a regulated regulatory and legal environment, complex methods and systematic practices of ecosystem services assessment in Ukraine. Results. The problem of the lack of a regulated regulatory and legal environment, complex methods and systematic practices of evaluating ecosystem services in Ukraine is considered. An assessment of the value of these services for the urban ecosystem of Ternopil was carried out using the materials of the regional landscape park "Zagrebellya". It was noted that the annual cost of ecosystem services is 16 billion 586 million 627 thousand 610 UAH. For comparison, the annual budget of Ternopil is UAH 3.3967 billion. (2024). Such a comparison is evidence that the cost of ecosystem services of natural landscapes of the RLP is not only 4.9 times higher than the annual budget of the city. These services are directly consumed by people and are primarily beneficial to local residents, because they are the ones who receive them, and if they sell them on, they become an intermediary between ecosystems and the end users of their services. Competent use of this group of services is an important window of opportunity for each of the territorial communities. In the future, it is important to implement the category "ecosystem service" in the legislative and other normative legal acts of Ukraine and to develop and implement payments for ecosystem services in the practice of budget planning. Conclusion. Ukraine faces the needs of modern modernization of the principles of sustainable development and inclusion in the development processes of ecosystem management. It can take place only on the basis of Ukraine's involvement in international trends of inclusion of natural ecosystem services in the mechanisms of sustainable development, which requires an appropriate economic assessment of these services. In the future, it is important to implement the category "ecosystem service" in the legislative and other normative legal acts of Ukraine and to develop and implement payments for ecosystem services in the practice of budget planning

Концепція крюінгу кадрового резерву судноплавної компанії як бізнес процесу

The article describes the concept of crewing and the crewing department of a shipping company from the point of view of a business process. The main features of running a crewing business by a separate company and the peculiarities of establishing a crewing department within a shipping company were considered. The conditions and factors influencing the establishment of crewing were revealed. The scheme of interaction between the business interests of crewing and related organizations was identified. The features and main factors that should be taken into account when providing crewing services as a type of recruiting business activity are determined. The current situation in the market of crewing services in Ukraine is analyzed, the prospects for the development of this type of business are forecasted, and ways to improve the provision of crewing services are proposed.

Effect of war on radiotherapy in Ukraine and how to help.

1513 Background: The full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine on February 24th, 2022 brought the largest humanitarian disaster to the heart of Europe since the World War II. In this work, we describe the impact of the full-scale Russian invasion on the radiation therapy (RT) services in Ukraine and suggest how to help. Methods: We collected the information on operation of RT centers in Ukraine during the war. In addition, in 2023 an annual survey was conducted by Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology in Kharkiv for the IAEA DIRAC database. The survey was sent to 41 RT centers in Ukraine requesting information on equipment, staffing, and patient volume. Due to the war conditions the data provided in the survey is limited to the un-occupied territories. Results: After the initial Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2014 and occupation of Crimea and parts of Donbas, Ukraine lost access to 7 RT centers with 18 external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) machines (17% of total). Just before the full-scale invasion in 2022, there were a total of 44 Co-60 machines (57%) and 33 linear accelerators (43%) in the unoccupied territories. As a result of the full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, almost all RT centers suspended operation in the first weeks of war. The most challenging period for RT in Ukraine was in March when Kyiv (where 20 EBRT machines are located) was partially surrounded by the occupiers. Based on the DIRAC survey, compared to 2021 data, in 2022 the number of radiation oncologists decreased on average by 2.9%, medical physicists by 6.7%, and therapists by 6.5% but there was a large variation in staffing levels depending on the region and its proximity to war. The workload in the RT centers close to the combat zone almost halved, while increasing by 10 - 60% in the western and central Ukraine. The total number of patients treated with EBRT decreased by 11% and brachytherapy by 21%. Brachytherapy services sustained the most interruption (47% decrease in LDR and 18% decrease in HDR patient volume) due to inability to perform source exchanges. Overall, approximately 5,500 less patients were treated in 2022 compared to 2021. Despite the ongoing war, Ukrainian cancer centers installed 8 new linear accelerators, with 5 linear accelerators pending installation. In addition, the Ministry of Heath of Ukraine has recently purchased 15 linear accelerators to replace the aging Co-60 machine fleet as the future source exchanges might not be possible. There is an acute need in helping Ukraine transition from Co-60 to modern IMRT/VMAT linear accelerators. Conclusions: Radiotherapy in Ukraine sustained significant damages since the 2014 Russian invasion, which was exacerbated further by the full-scale invasion in 2022. To support the vitality and absorptive capacity of RT services in Ukraine, the democratic world can help by donating equipment, hardware, software, and participating in training of Ukrainian RT professionals as they transition to modern and high-quality RT care for Ukrainian cancer patients.

Consulting on the financial market in the system of improving the financial results of the enterprise’s activity

The relevance of the paper is determined by the fact that the socio-economic crisis in Ukraine is caused by the external aggression of the Russian Federation and is combined with global factors that reinforce negative trends. For Ukraine, as well as for rich other countries, it is important to take effective approaches to deal with crisis situations and ensure sustainable economic growth, including for implementing a wide range of approaches, such as financial stimulation, reforms in Galusia, regulatory policies, support for small and medium-sized enterprises. It is also important to consider the global context and work with international partners to ensure stability and growth. Implementation of effective strategies and measures can help Ukraine overcome the crisis, win the undeclared war and strengthen its economy in the future. The paper shows that financial consulting is an integrated approach to optimizing the financial activities of a business, which includes a variety of information and resources to achieve maximum efficiency. It plays an important role in ensuring the success of government entities both in domestic and foreign markets. Financial consulting plays an important role in the current development of businesses and emerging financial problems. Financial consulting contributes to increasing the efficiency of the company's internal activities, helps business entities to improve their interaction and financial relations with counterparties on the foreign market through the study and analysis of financial aspects of partnerships, the conclusion of agreements and contracts, as well as planning financial strategies in order to ensure stability and success in business. Activation of the use of financial consulting services in Ukraine is a key factor for the progressive development of business entities and the strengthening of the country's market economy. Using the advantages of financial consulting will help enterprises to optimize their financial activities, improve strategic planning and decision-making, increase management efficiency, as well as increase competitiveness on the international market.

A Comparison of Ukrainian Hospital Services and Functions Before and During the Russia-Ukraine War

Since the full-scale Russian invasion, hospitals in Ukraine have been compelled to close or operate at reduced capacity due to inadequate supplies, damage, or destruction caused by war. To analyze hospital services in Ukraine during the period before and after the Russian invasion. Of the 450 hospitals currently functioning in Ukraine, a cross-sectional survey was carried out with the participation of 74 hospitals from 12 oblasts. Hospital administrators responded to an online survey with questions on the use of hospital services. Data were abstracted from hospital databases for the prewar period (before February 23, 2022) and during the war (February 23, 2022, to May 30, 2023). Hospital services (including emergency services, preventive services, screenings, laboratory tests, obstetrics, telehealth, pharmacy, and rehabilitation services) were compared during the prewar and war periods. Of 450 Ukrainian hospitals in operation, 74 hospitals (16.0%) across 12 oblasts provided data for the current analyses. During the war, daily emergency admissions increased to 2830, compared with 2773 before the war. At the same time, hospitals reported reduced laboratory testing (72 [97%] vs 63 [85%]), tobacco education (52 [70%] vs 36 [49%]), cancer screening (49 [66%] vs 37 [50%]), gynecological services (43 [58%] vs 32 [43%]), rehabilitation services (37 [50%] vs 27 [36%]), pharmacy services (36 [49%] vs 27 [36%]), and telehealth programs (33 [45%] vs 21 [28%]). Hospitals reported additional difficulties during the war, including disruptions in the supply chain for essential equipment and pharmaceuticals, shortages of laboratory test kits, delays in the delivery of crucial medications, and problems around appropriate medication storage due to power outages. The ongoing war has inflicted profound devastation on Ukraine's hospitals. The findings of this cross-sectional survey offer valuable insights into the formidable challenges that hospitals confront in war-affected regions and underscore the pressing necessity for bolstering support to sustain and enhance hospital services during wartime.

Administrative and legal mechanism of public service provision in Ukraine

Administrative and legal mechanism of public service provision in Ukraine