Service Systems Engineering Research Articles

Behavior Recognition of Squid Jigger Based on Deep Learning

In recent years, with the development of pelagic fishing, the working environment and monitoring of crew (squid jigger) members have become increasingly important. However, traditional methods of pelagic human observers suffer from high costs, low coverage, poor timeliness, and susceptibility to subjective factors. In contrast, the Electronic Monitoring System (EMS) has advantages such as continuous operation under various weather conditions; more objective, transparent, and efficient data; and less interference with fishing operations. This paper shows how the 3DCNN model, LSTM+ResNet model, and TimeSformer model are applied to video-classification tasks, and for the first time, they are applied to an EMS. In addition, this paper tests and compares the application effects of the three models on video classification, and discusses the advantages and challenges of using them for video recognition. Through experiments, we obtained the accuracy and relevant indicators of video recognition using different models. The research results show that when NUM_FRAMES is set to 8, the LSTM+ResNet-50 model has the best performance, with an accuracy of 88.47%, an F1 score of 0.8881, and an map score of 0.8133. Analyzing the EMS for pelagic fishing can improve China’s performance level and management efficiency in pelagic fishing, and promote the development of the fishery knowledge service system and smart fishery engineering.

Standardization as a Catalyst for Extending Resources and Capabilities in Service Systems Engineering: Findings from the omlox case

(Smart) service systems have inspired the emergence of a new research area that builds on smart, connected products and networked business models with smart services and brings together various social-science and technological disciplines. However, the factors that lead to successful service systems engineering initiatives have remained under-explored, despite their increasing significance in industry. In particular, the role of standardization is unclear, even though it seems to be central to making smart products interoperable and to establishing innovative (smart) service systems. In an exploratory case study of the standardization initiative omlox, we set out to identify and investigate empirically the effects that standardization can have on engineering (smart) service systems. Our focus is to determine how standardization can assist a company in accessing external resources and capabilities for recombinant service innovation. The results reveal that compliance with a standard enables companies to tap into compatible solutions, data, and knowledge from external stakeholders and that participation in standardization initiatives can be a platform for identifying potential collaboration partners. We conclude that standardization plays a major role in all phases of service systems engineering, from analysis to design and implementation.

Material and technical base of grain subcomplex of the Republic of Kazakhstan: innovative solutions

The relevance of topic is the role and place of innovation, innovative technological solutions in production of grain in Kazakhstan. The goal – is to identify problems in development of grain subcomplex in the context of economic analysis of the state of machine and tractor facilities and the country's agricultural engineering in general, based on building productivity trends dependence and manufacture of equipment used in agriculture, production costs for growing crops in order to identify the potential of the industry. Calculate annual increase in gross value added from production of agricultural machinery. Determine the share of agricultural sector in the republic's GDP as one of the priority areas of the economy of Kazakhstan. Methods – economic-statistical, abstract-logical, calculation-constructive. Results – the conducted theoretical and analytical studies confirm the presence of unused reserves in the AIC and its grain farming as main export market segment. Conclusions - processes of globalization contribute to increase in innovative activity in AIC, and especially in grain industry. The term "innovations" in modern conditions for assessing the effectiveness of functioning of agro-industrial complex has a new meaning. Innovative scientific projects in many States have acquired the character of priority progressive movement and have received comprehensive support in State program documents. The constraining factor of innovative activity is technological unpreparedness of enterprises, small-scale commodity, low level of mechanized labor. The competitiveness of grain production in the world commodity market depends on State regulation of innovation process in agricultural sector, expansion of engineering and technical service system, and adoption of preventive measures.

Iterative uncertainty reduction in multi-actor smart service innovation

Smart service innovation is the process of reconfiguring resources, structures, and value co-creation processes in service systems that result in novel data-driven service offerings. The nature of such offerings requires the involvement of multiple actors, which has been investigated by a few studies only. In particular, little is known about the multiple actors’ efforts to manage uncertainty in the process of establishing smart service systems. Empirically grounded in data from 25 interviews with industry experts, we explore how organizations act and interact in smart service innovation processes. For our data analysis, we adopt a microfoundational view to derive a theoretical model that conceptualizes actor engagement as a microfoundation for iterative uncertainty reduction in the actor-to-actor network of the smart service system. Our study contributes to information systems research on service systems engineering and digital transformation by explaining smart service innovation from both a multi-actor and a multi-level perspective, drawing on service-dominant (S-D) logic and microfoundations as well-established theoretical lenses.

Evaluating the Design of Service-Dominant Business Models: A Qualitative Method

Evaluating the Design of Service-Dominant Business Models: A Qualitative Method Rick Gilsing, Eindhoven University of TechnologyFollow Oktay Turetken, Eindhoven University of TechnologyFollow Baris Ozkan, Eindhoven University of TechnologyFollow Paul Grefen, Eindhoven University of TechnologyFollow Onat Ege Adali, Eindhoven University of TechnologyFollow Anna Wilbik, Maastricht UniversityFollow Frank Berkers, TNOFollow Abstract Background: Driven by factors such as digitization and rapid technological change, many contemporary organizations adopt a service orientation to sustain competitiveness and to improve their value propositions to customers. In doing so, organizations typically engage in collaborative service ecosystems to co-create value and exchange services, and conceptualize such collaborations using business models. The resulting models should be evaluated to support the development of service ecosystems and their long- term viability. Despite academic efforts on the evaluation of traditional, organization- centric business models, limited research is present supporting the evaluation of service- dominant business models, taking into account their key characteristics, such as service exchange and value co-creation in business networks. Method: Following a design science research methodology, we have iteratively designed a method addressing the qualitative evaluation of service-dominant business models, building on and integrating the theory on service-dominant logic, business model design and business model evaluation. To structure the steps of the design process, we leverage a situational method engineering approach, following a paradigm-based strategy. To evaluate the validity and utility our method, we have applied it to a real-life business case in the mobility domain, involving eight industry stakeholders in the process. Results: The method constitutes a set of guiding questions and a procedural description of their use, addressing the evaluation concerns of feasibility, viability, structural validity and robustness with respect to the service-dominant business model. The results of the evaluation demonstrate that the use of the method facilitates users to reflect qualitatively on design decision with respect the business model design and offers insights on its expected performance. Conclusions: This work contributes to extant research on service systems engineering and the instantiation of service-dominant logic, clarifying how service ecosystems can be evaluated through the business model concept and explicating how business models are impacted through service-dominant logic.

Leveraging Circular Economy through a Methodology for Smart Service Systems Engineering

Product Service Systems (PSS) and Smart Services are powerful means for deploying Circular Economy (CE) goals in industrial practices, through dematerialization, extension of product lifetime and efficiency increase by digitization. Within this article, approaches from PSS design, Smart Service design and Model-based Systems Engineering (MBSE) are combined to form a Methodology for Smart Service Architecture Definition (MESSIAH). First, analyses of present system modelling procedures and systems modelling notations in terms of their suitability for Smart Service development are presented. The results indicate that current notations and tools do not entirely fit the requirements of Smart Service development, but that they can be adapted in order to do so. The developed methodology includes a modelling language system, the MESSIAH Blueprinting framework, a systematic procedure and MESSIAH CE, which is specifically designed for addressing CE strategies and practices. The methodology was validated on the example of a Smart Sustainable Street Light System for Cycling Security (SHEILA). MESSIAH proved useful to help Smart Service design teams develop service-driven and robust Smart Services. By applying MESSIAH CE, a sustainable Smart Service, which addresses CE goals, has been developed.

The New Fontiers of Service Systems Engineering

Services are an abundant form of value creation in many countries. Even advanced products and technologies are increasingly made available as services, as exemplified by the dramatic expansion of cloud-based analytics and artificial intelligence. Digital transformation drives servitization. The process of digital transformation amplifies the trend to changing business models, towards offering and selling the utility of a product or a service – everything becomes a service, enabled though digital technologies. Traditional manufacturing sees advances of services through smart services and industry 4.0. Service industries themselves are also transforming into high tech ventures. Retail, finance, media, mobility, to name just a few industries, have become hotbeds of digital services that thrive on advances in information technology.

The Improvement of Information Level of Mental Health General Survey Professional Staff in Higher Vocational Colleges

The mental health survey of higher vocational students is an important part of the mental health service system engineering, and its quality influences and determines the overall quality of mental health service. Under the background of education informationization, enhancing the informationization level of mental health census staff is helpful to strengthen the practical effect of mental health census. This paper explores the path of information level improvement of mental health census personnel from the three dimensions of the study of census personnel, the innovation of census methods and the use of census results.

Recombinant Service Systems Engineering

Although many methods have been proposed for engineering service systems and customer solutions, most of these approaches give little consideration to recombinant service innovation. Recombinant innovation refers to reusing and integrating resources that were previously unconnected. In an age of networked products and data, we can expect that many service innovations will be based on adding, dissociating, and associating existing value propositions by accessing internal and external resources instead of designing them from scratch. The purpose of this paper is to identify if current service engineering approaches account for the mechanisms of recombinant innovation and to design a method for recombinant service systems engineering. In a conceptual analysis of 24 service engineering methods, the study identified that most methods (1) focus on designing value propositions instead of service systems, (2) view service independent of physical goods, (3) are either linear or iterative instead of agile, and (4) do not sufficiently address the mechanisms of recombinant innovation. The paper discusses how these deficiencies can be remedied and designs a revised service systems engineering approach that reorganizes service engineering processes according to four design principles. The method is demonstrated with the recombinant design of a service system for predictive maintenance of agricultural machines.

Future-proofing the Through-life Engineering Service Systems

Future-proofing through-life engineering service systems (TESS) is crucial for ensuring their reliable, long and economical whole lives. The TESS are typically composed of high value industrial products and engineering services organised around them. Future-proofing can broadly be achieved by enabling disruption and change management capabilities. However, understanding of TESS future-proofing is limited, which is also important due to the recent industry 4.0 advancements. This paper contributes by presenting (1) a concept of TESS future-proofing, (2) a framework of TESS future-proofing, and (3) examples of the framework application at: (i) management level via change prediction method (CPM), and (ii) operational level via industrial augmented reality (AR).

Service Computing System Engineering Life Cycle

The development of service computing technology has triggered the need for organizations to build a service computing system. This system is able to deliver IT services that can meet the challenges and needs of business services. An understanding of the service computing systems engineering life cycle is necessary to model and build the systems. This paper conducts the study of the service computing systems concepts and proposes the life cycle of service computing system engineering. First, some publications relevant to the service computing systems are reviewed systematically in order to develop fundamental concepts and elements of the systems. Second, a metamodel of service computing systems is built based on those concepts. Third, the life cycle model of service computing systems engineering is proposed based on the metamodel. Finally, the verification of the life cycle is conducted by comparing the proposed life cycle to the life cycle of software engineering, service engineering, and service system engineering. The contribution of this paper is to provide a coincise understanding of the components that are needed to build such systems and show the interaction and collaboration between the components in the service computing systems.

Understanding Services: Understanding Stakeholders

AbstractThere are many different services in general use today. New ones are being developed driven by the move from customers owning equipment to it being provided by suppliers as a service. We all know what services are, we use them every day. All the systems we develop and deliver end up providing or supporting some sort of service. The aim of the INCOSE UK Service Systems Engineering Working Group is to identify areas of the engineering lifecycle, the methods, and the techniques that need to be different for engineering services as opposed to ‘traditional systems engineering’ for the engineering of products.When INCOSE was formed there were various definitions of ‘What is a System?’ it took time to sort out but now is not normally an issue. Today established standards; SEBOK, DoDAF, MoDAF, Open Group, ITIL, CMMI; have different definitions of a Service. These differences are not just differences in wording driven by stakeholder views that can lead to significant differences of what is expected in delivering services. To understand and successfully deliver services, we need to understand and relate such definitions, and then use them within our engineering of services.In this work we have used Case Studies for Services that cover various areas of interest for businesses in INCOSE UK and used them to establish the scope of our work. The use of the term ‘Service’ has been extracted from literature together with definitions. The definitions have been grouped, related and where necessary re‐worded to provide a map of terms and the various definitions extracted from literature understood using this map.The use of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) outside the IT Sector has been considered, along with previous work in this area, as the architecture for understanding Services. We have illustrated this through simple application to one of the case studies. This is a different but complementary approach to understanding services and work with further case studies is needed to understand how it can best be applied.

An Intentional Approach to the Engineering of Knowledge-intensive Service Systems

This paper presents an Intentional Architectural Framework for developing Knowledge-Intensive Service System Architectures (IAF-KISSA). This framework enables the specification and evaluation of knowledge-intensive service systems (KISS) architectures at the levels of network, performance, engagement, and activities. A chosen architecture then allows designing, developing, and adapting a KISS throughout its lifecycle. This research is motivated by the lack of service systems engineering (SSE) methods specifically created for KISS, despite their economic importance in industrialized economies. Examples of KISS include joint innovation initiatives and IT outsourcing contracts. KISS possess a number of distinctive characteristics, including: the knowledge-intensity of their processes and outputs; the inter-organizational coproduction of outputs, and the multi-stakeholder perspective that drives the evaluation of these systems’ performance. SSE aims to define and discover dynamic relationships among entities in order to plan, design, and adapt services systems to cocreate value [1,2]. SSE calls for a change in perspective in service engineering, from services as products to services as socio-technical systems where actors and resources are configured to collaboratively create value. An important challenge for the field of SSE is the creation of advanced models, methods, and tools for developing service system architectures. However, current service system architectures typically retain a functional and provider perspective on service systems operations without accounting for KISS characteristics. Using an intentional approach leads to modeling a service system in terms of agents, goals, strategies, and dependencies, thus addressing these concerns by moving from a functional to a strategic level of analysis [4]. Using an intentional approach to architecting KISS is thus ideally suited to their social and behavioral complexity. IAF-KISSA contributes a novel approach for architecting KISS, a type of service system that has hitherto been beyond the scope of SSE. Moreover, given the importance of knowledge for all types of service systems [2], IAF-KISSA could provide an innovative manner in which to architect service systems in general.

Complex engineering service systems

Complex engineering service systems

Service Systems Engineering

Service systems engineering (SSE) focuses on the systematic design and development of service systems. Guided by a value proposition, service systems enable value co-creation through a configuration of actors and resources (often including a service architecture, technology, information, and physical artifacts), therefore constituting complex socio-technical systems. IS research can play a leading role in understanding and developing service systems. SSE calls for research leading to actionable design theories, methods and approaches for systematically designing, developing and piloting service systems, based upon understanding the underlying principles of service systems. Three major challenges have been identified: engineering service architectures, engineering service systems interactions, and engineering resource mobilization, i.e. extending the access to and use of resources by means of IT. Researching SSE is challenging. Assessing the models, methods, or artifacts of SSE often requires embedded research within existing or even novel service systems. Consequently, approaches such as piloting IT-based innovations, design research or action research are the most promising for SSE research. As an integrative discipline, IS is in a unique position to spearhead the efforts in advancing the architecture, interaction, and resource base of service systems with evidence-based design.

Service-Systems-Engineering

Service systems engineering (SSE) focuses on the systematic design and development of service systems. Guided by a value proposition, service systems enable value co-creation through a configuration of actors and resources (often including a service architecture, technology, information, and physical artifacts), therefore constituting complex socio-technical systems. IS research can play a leading role in understanding and developing service systems. SSE calls for research leading to actionable design theories, methods and approaches for systematically designing, developing and piloting service systems, based upon understanding the underlying principles of service systems. Three major challenges have been identified: engineering service architectures, engineering service systems interactions, and engineering resource mobilization, i.e. extending the access to and use of resources by means of IT. Researching SSE is challenging. Assessing the models, methods, or artifacts of SSE often requires embedded research within existing or even novel service systems. Consequently, approaches such as piloting IT-based innovations, design research or action research are the most promising for SSE research. As an integrative discipline, IS is in a unique position to spearhead the efforts in advancing the architecture, interaction, and resource base of service systems with evidence-based design.

Service Systems Engineering Applications

The rapid growth in the global service economy has greatly increased research in Service Science and Service Systems Engineering (SSE). In Service Systems practice, the service value chain in terms of links among system entities is defined to co- create value and deliver high quality of service. A Service System is thus defined by its value co-creation chain in which all relevant stakeholders collaborate dynamically in real time or near-real time to deliver high quality service according to the business, service, and customer goals. This paper illustrates how SSE can help define, and discover relationships among Service System entities and addresses the service-oriented, customer-centric, holistic systems view in order to plan, design, adapt or self- adapt to co-create value. Modern service systems, which may be classified as system of systems (SoS), mandate well-defined integration and governance to link service system entities for the real-time dynamic analysis of ever-changing requirements within a Service System. In this paper, SSE concepts and methodologies are applied across various SSE stages to describe an intelligent emergency transportation system and a near real-time dynamic Smart Grid service system. Additionally, issues which need to be addressed within SSE methodologies for global deployment of efficient world-wide service systems are discussed. Finally, future work required for improving current SSE methodologies and help steer research towards achieving global service effectiveness is discussed.

BOOK REVIEW: "Service Systems Management and Engineering" by Carl M Chang

BOOK REVIEW: "Service Systems Management and Engineering" by Carl M Chang

Product–Service Systems Engineering: State of the art and research challenges

The design and development of a Product–Service System (PSS) raises new issues since the service component introduces further requirements than traditional product engineering. Compared to physical products, services are generally under-designed and inefficiently developed. For this reason, approaches such as New Service Development, Service Design and Service Engineering have emerged during the years to support the design and development of service either as a system itself or as a constituting element of a Product–Service System. However, only Service Engineering investigates service design and development with a systematic perspective and with a seamless integration of product and service contents. The purpose of this paper is to provide a holistic conceptualisation and an up-to-date review of the literature on Service Engineering with a specific focus on its adoption in the PSS context. A critical analysis is also performed with the aim to define a research agenda and the most prominent key actions that could give directions for future research.

Special issue on The Management of Complex Engineering Service Systems

Special issue on The Management of Complex Engineering Service Systems