Service Suppliers Research Articles

Product Briefs

Items listed here are new or improved products on the market. See the AWWA Sourcebook (http://sourcebook.awwa.org) for a full list of product and service suppliers. Send press releases about new products to opflow@awwa.org.

Quality effort strategies of video service supply chain considering fans preference and data-driven marketing under derived demand

In the era of “Internet +”, video service as a new cultural industry model has attracted a multitude of attention. Especially under the influence of COVID-19, the importance of video service in people’s daily life becomes more prominent. In this paper, a video service supply chain (VSSC) composed of a video service platform and a video service supplier is researched. The video service supplier provides basic service and two-stages derived service to users through the video service platform. By analyzing the platform pricing scenario and supplier pricing scenario considering data-driven marketing (DDM), four models are established: No-DDM + platform pricing scenario, No-DDM + supplier pricing scenario, DDM + platform pricing scenario, and DDM + supplier pricing scenario. By using game theory, the optimal strategies, and optimal profits of VSSC members under four scenarios are obtained. Finally, the impact of basic market size, fans preference and data-driven marketing efficiency on the optimal strategies, optimal profits, profit growth rates, and model choiceof VSSC members are discussed, and relevant conclusions are drawn to give management enlightenment.

Strategic Deconfliction of Unmanned Aircraft Based on Hexagonal Tessellation and Integer Programming

Unmanned aircraft systems service suppliers adhere to interoperability standards that require unmanned aircraft operators to submit an operational intent, which describes the planned flight path in four-dimensional space. To ensure fairness, the central database follows a first-come, first-served approach, accepting new operational intents as long as they do not conflict with any active ones. However, creating a viable operational intent is challenging due to moving obstacles. This paper introduces an innovative optimization-based procedure to automate the intent filing process. It utilizes a stacked hexagonal tessellation to model the airspace, offering adjustable granularity. Path finding is accomplished using integer programming on the hex grid. The integer program is solved on a grid canvas that includes only necessary cells, striking a balance between computational efficiency and optimality. Simulation experiments demonstrate the procedure’s effectiveness in generating feasible trajectories, even in scenarios with dense, omnidirectional air traffic. This procedure has the potential to become the foundational software core for low-altitude air traffic management systems, providing strategic deconfliction and constraint management services.

A two-stage classification approach for AI technical service supplier selection based on multi-stakeholder concern

Artificial intelligence (AI) technology, which can help supply chains improve operational efficiency and reduce production costs, has gradually been adopted by many enterprises in recent years. In general, stakeholders in the supply chain have their own requirements for AI technical services. However, most traditional service supplier selection methods rarely explicitly consider the interest demands of multi-stakeholders and coordinate them, which may lead to unsatisfactory decision results. Therefore, to support the successful implementation of AI technology in supply chain management, this paper proposes a two-stage AI technical service supplier classification method that considers the requirements of multi-stakeholders. In the first stage, we identify the opinions of stakeholders via cluster analysis and determine group coordination needs while fully considering fairness concerns. Moreover, in the second stage, we evaluate and classify AI technical service suppliers based on the group opinions of stakeholders and decision makers' risk preferences. As AI technical service suppliers are mostly emerging internet enterprises, we construct a criteria system to help assess these suppliers in advance. To verify the practicability and effectiveness of our method, we conduct a case study on the automobile supply chain. Furthermore, this work can provide guidance for AI technical service suppliers to improve their enterprise construction.

Product Briefs

Items listed here are new or improved products on the market. See the AWWA Sourcebook (http://sourcebook.awwa.org) for a full list of product and service suppliers. Send press releases about new products to opflow@awwa.org.

Tracking the New Demand for Justice in the Big Data Ecosystem

Abstract Many studies have focused on the possibilities that organizations have to mine and analyze, through computational analytics, the huge amount of structured and unstructured data that is now available, to determine correlations and thus reveal patterns, trends, and associations to predict human behaviour; and to transform this information into knowledge for companies and governments. That is, just from the point of view of the suppliers of good and services. In this paper we contribute to the Law and Economics literature by showing that the logic of Big Data, the access to the cloud, and the use of Artificial Intelligence are drastically changing the ordinary citizen’s way of making decisions in the field of justice; and that this new paradigm in the Demand for Justice will mean improvements in terms of both equity and efficiency, and ultimately an improvement in social welfare.

Relationship marketing: development of theory and practice

The article studies theory and practice of relationship marketing development based on the study of theoretical models’ evolution that conceptualize relationship marketing to a certain extent, taking it beyond traditional marketing complex. Further development takes place considering modern approaches to building relationships between a supplier of goods and services with consumers and partners in the context of further digitalization and “internetization” of business communications, transformation of CRM into CMR strategies of companies, network forms of business organization development, and transition from a product-centric to a client-centric structure. The prospects for relationship marketing development aimed at overcoming risks of new forms of organization, collaboration of business structures and strengthening their advantages, affirmation of consumer’s role as a direct participant in the creation of consumer value in consumer markets transformation, as well as wide spread of business ecosystems integrating the advantages of virtual business and a network form of organization have been determined, opening new opportunities for expanding collaborative innovations and obtaining a synergistic effect as a result of creating additional consumer value and building long-term multilateral relations.

The least developed countries' Services Waiver, Aid for Trade for services and services exports

AbstractIn 2011, Trade Ministers of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) adopted a Decision that allows WTO Members to accord preferential treatment to services and service suppliers originating in least‐developed countries (LDCs). In 2013, another Ministerial Decision was adopted to operationalise the 2011 Waiver Decision. This paper has examined whether the Waiver Decision had been effective in promoting LDCs' commercial modern and traditional services exports and whether Aid for Trade (AfT) flows in favour of the services sectors were instrumental in achieving this objective. The analysis has used 43 LDCs over the period 2005–2018 and the difference‐in‐difference framework along with the two‐step system generalised method of moments estimator. The control group includes 20 Low‐Income Countries (designated as such by the International Monetary Fund) from which LDCs (as defined by the United Nations) are excluded. The analysis has revealed that the Waiver Decision led to higher modern commercial services exports at the expense of traditional commercial services exports. Moreover, as LDCs improved their trading capacity over time (thanks to the cumulative AfT flows for services), the Waiver Decision induced greater modern commercial services exports, but exerted a mixed effect on LDCs' traditional services exports.

Product Briefs

Items listed here are new or improved products on the market. See the AWWA Sourcebook (http://sourcebook.awwa.org) for a full list of product and service suppliers. Send press releases about new products to opflow@awwa.org.

Legal regulation for sale of goods and supply digital content in EU – analysis of novelties of new EU directives

This article is devoted to the study of new legislative instruments of the European Union in the field of unification of European contract law, namely: Directive 2019/771 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 2019 on certain aspects concerning contracts for the sale of goods and Directive 2019/770 on certain aspects concerning contracts for the supply of digital content and digital services of 20 May 2019. Considerable attention is paid to the study of the novelties of these legal acts, including: determining the compliance of goods, digital content and digital services with the terms of the contract, researching and establishing the criteria for such compliance, and identifying additional information obligations of the seller and supplier of digital content, digital services and goods with digital elements.
 Particular attention is focused on the seller’s (supplier’s) obligations to periodically update the buyer’s (recipient’s) software in order to ensure the functioning of digital content (goods with digital elements) throughout the entire term of the contract, in accordance with its terms.
 The authors analyze the presumption of non-compliance of goods with the terms of the contract and prove that the burden of proof of compliance of the transferred goods with the terms of the contract rests with the seller (supplier).
 The article pays special attention to the issues of personal data protection, monetization of personal data of the buyer (recipient) of digital content and digital services.
 The authors analyze the ways of protecting the violated rights of the buyer (recipient), and study the environmental friendliness of the legal provisions of the new directives in the field of restoration of the violated rights of the buyer in case of failure to transfer goods, goods with digital elements, digital content, or transfer of goods that do not comply with the terms of the contract.
 The authors conclude that, given the problems and prospects for the development of the circular economy, and with a view to determining the disproportionality of the remedy chosen by the buyer, it is advisable to enshrine in the legislation on sale and purchase the requirement to take into account the impact of this remedy on the environment.

Elevating 'TutorYuk' Online Peer Tutoring Services Through Information System: A Design Thinking Framework Approach

Through applications supporting informal education services, the development of information technology during the fourth industrial revolution has promoted the growth of the education industry in Indonesia. This study uses the Design Thinking framework to design and analyze information systems for the online peer tutoring services known as TutorYuk. The stages in system design are as follows: empathize stage, namely the process of identifying user needs and classifying practical problems related to requirements in the informal education sector; define the location, analyze the priority of user needs and issues that need to be solved through information systems; the idea stage, the process of networking aspirations related to solutions to problems in the education sector that shows the urgency of system design; prototype stage, design system flow and function and visualization of application interfaces; Testing stage, testing system performance. The findings of this study demonstrate that TutorYuk is built to suit student needs for learning help based on course names and instructor qualities chosen by users. The duration and experience of the instructor are considered when providing tutoring services so that they can be tailored to the client's needs. Consequently, by offering digital media to service suppliers (tutors) and service recipients, TutorYuk can become a commercially successful application (tutees).

The supplier performance evaluation of sports event service under the COVID-19 outbreak: A novel hesitant fuzzy MARCOS method

Under the COVID-19 pandemic, sports event is facing enormous challenges. Logistics and security are affected seriously. The ability of service suppliers to deal with uncertainty is critical. Considering complex uncertainty, evaluating the service suppliers of sports events is reasonable. This study proposes a new framework for selecting sports suppliers, which combines a hesitant fuzzy set (HFS) and Measurement of Alternatives and Ranking according to the Compromise Solution (MARCOS) method. MARCOS is based on determining the reference values of alternatives about the ideal and is a comprehensively rational and reasonable application methodology. HFS has the advantage of expressing fuzzy and hesitant evaluation information, which is seldom used in the MARCOS framework. A case study of a sports supplier selection for the 2022 China National Youth U Series Floorball Championship is given to demonstrate the practicability of the proposed approach. Finally, a comprehensive sensitivity analysis is performed to verify the proposed methodology’s stability and effectiveness.

EOQ with supply disruptions under different advance information regimes

In this paper, we consider the impact of advanced delivery information on the performance of supply chains facing endogenous disruptions. We study a single-echelon EOQ-based inventory model with backorders where the supplier could fail to deliver shipments on time following a Bernoulli process, a measure of the supplier service quality. Two extreme advance information regimes are analyzed: (1) full delivery information (FDI), where the timing of the next delivery is always known, and (2) partial delivery information (PDI), where the timing of the next delivery is known if it coincides with the next planned delivery. For both regimes, we use a natural adaptation of the base-stock policy, having multiple order up-to levels, each corresponding to the level of available information when ordering. We then model the long-run average cost and determine the policy variables that minimize this cost. While the analysis of the FDI model proved straightforward, the PDI model involved the solution of a mixed-integer nonlinear optimization problem. We found closed-form solutions for both models. Numerical results show that, by reducing planning uncertainty, advanced information directly reduces operating costs. They also show that the cost of the case of full information is higher than that of the EOQ model, suggesting the importance of finding reliable suppliers for disruption-free operations.

Risk-based analysis of recreational ecosystem services supply and demand in beach areas of the Adriatic Sea

Beaches are important suppliers of recreational services to human beings, through bathing water resources, marine biodiversity and scenic values of coastal seascapes. This study presents a conceptual model for risk-based analysis of multiple anthropogenic stressors (e.g. nutrient load, marine litter, pollutants or pathogens) on recreational ecosystem services supply-demand patterns in beaches for seven regions of the Italian Adriatic Sea. Results of the supply-demand analysis show that the beaches in Puglia region have highest recreational supply, while demand for coastal recreation is highest in the beaches of Emilia-Romagna region, which is a region prone to mass recreational activities. Based on the supply-demand analysis we performed a risk assessment on recreational ecosystem services provision by analysing the exposure of beaches ecosystems to multiple stressors generated by different maritime (e.g. shipping, aquaculture) and land-based activities (e.g. agriculture). Beaches of the Northern Adriatic region suffer from high exposure to pollutants due to port activities, aquaculture industry, shipping, and riverine discharge. The presented study advances knowledge on the integration of ecosystem-services-based recreational supply-demand analysis in coastal areas and discusses its application potentials for sustainable management of coastal resources and the investigation of tourism flow to coastal recreational areas for large geospatial settings.

Agreement of a bank account, as a sign for the bank to issue a bank account to a non-banking supplier of payment services, that particular legal regulation

In the article, the author has agreed to agree on a contract with a bank for non-banking services to give payment services to a “payment’s settlement”, as the author considers “an agreement on a banking settlement”. According to the norms of the Civil Code of Ukraine, the bank opens a current account to a non-bank payment provider on the basis of a bank account agreement (Article 1066 of the Civil Code of Ukraine). Since the Law of Ukraine «On Payment Services» does not provide a comprehensive legal regulation of legal relations arising between a bank and a non-bank provider of payment services when opening, operating and closing a current account, the provisions of Chapter 72 of the Civil Code of Ukraine should be applied to these legal relations, unless otherwise established by the Law of Ukraine «About payment services». Taking into account the above, such anagreement is characterized, in particular, by the following: a) we will specialize a subject warehouse – a counterparty to the bank, but only a non-banking supplier of payment services, as if having with drawn the NBU license for the provision of payment services, transferred from part 1 of Art. 5 of the Law, including the inclusion of the NBU to the Register of payment infrastructure; b) the selection of a bank account, inclusively for the purposes of securing the payment transactions of a non-banking payment institution; other specialty (except users), which can be re-ordered in the non-banking payment system; instructions of such users e) on the bones of users, who are clothed in a calculation of payment, cannot be placed underarrest and/or more severely tied up for goiter’s providers of payment services be for eany kind of creditor, for exclusion of a debt, if the creditor is a user, for the mind the naming of the delivery of payment services to the user is connected with the functions of the delivery of payment services; f) cash of users (individuals) on the deposit account of a non-banking tax payer may not be subject to the status of the deposit and may not be subject to public law guarantees established by the Law ofUkraine «On the system of guaranteeing deposits in physical assets», but may be protected by private law types of obligation - insurance or bank guarantee. Key words: agreement, pravochin, rozrahunkovy rahunok, bank rahunkaagreement, non-banking payment order, bank, money, interest, penny goiter

Implementing AHP Method for Determining Level Priority of Vendor Selection

Vendors are suppliers of goods or services that help the production process of a company. One of the companies that carry out vendor selection is CV Milyarda Cipta Karya which is engaged in fashion. Vendor selection is an activity to determine vendors who will work with the company to help the production process. Based on an assessment of the 30 most popular CV Milyarda Cipta Karya's products on Shopee, there are consumer complaints about the inconsistent quality of materials. This problem is caused by the absence of standards governing the mechanism for selecting fabric vendors. Therefore, it is necessary to know the priority level of vendor selection criteria. Vendor selection criteria are Quality of goods, response time, location, flexibility, price, vendor inventory policy, and vendor service. The data needed in the design are vendor selection criteria according to William J Stevenson, namely hierarchical data and criteria weighting questionnaires. The method used to determine the priority level of vendor selection criteria is the Analytical Hierarchy Process method. Based on the calculation of the AHP method, the results obtained are the criteria for quality of goods 0.19, location 0.12, response time 0.12, vendor inventory policy 0.09, flexibility 0.09, price 0.11, and vendor service 0.28. The largest priority value is vendor service and the smallest is flexibility.

Evaluation and the Effective Marketing Strategies of a Travel Agency During Covid-19 Pandemic

This study's main objective is to identify the most effective marketing strategy a tactics for promoting local tourism throughout the outbreak, after it ended, and currently, based on the perspectives of individuals who have been designated as respondents. In this research, the author examined the advertising strategies employed by one of the travel service suppliers in travel agencies and their use was popular in Laguna. They have found that this tour operator is still in business both during and after the epidemic. However, the Cabuyao,Laguna Travel Agency believes that the effectiveness of marketing tactics put into practice through activities, it is still up in the air what interventions and suggestions will be made. This study therefore seeks to ascertain, or at the very least utilize, the perception of the respondents from Cabuyao Laguna who are local tourists who are customers of Travel and Tours, as well as staff members and employers of Tours and Travel. Despite the widespread epidemic that is now how people view these methods affects or affects them even when they are still suffering in terms of giving tours and travel these marketing techniques' procedures and the manner in which the business uses them are crucial to accomplishing the long-term objective of being a successful business while adhering to both internal and external regulations regulatory standards. An online survey with a four-point rating was used to collect the data. system with the alternatives extremely agreed, agree, disagree, and strongly disagree or disagree. The statistical treatments used are the weighted mean and percentage. to examine the data appropriately. Furthermore, the use of analysis of variance, Pearson coefficient of correlation, as well as frequency, are used to calculate the The demographic profile of this study's respondents and also the multiple regression analysis per variables to test the relationship of different dependent variables used which is the 7P’s of marketing. According to the conclusions of the in terms of demographics, the findings of a research study show that most females make up the demography of respondents. This demonstrates how the many local tourists in Laguna, the staff members of travel and tour companies, and the chosen government employees in the Department of Tourism-AITF are the sources of the necessary data for the researcher through a questionnaire. Additionally, the research's results demonstrated how respondents felt about and concurred with the marketing efforts. a number of features of the product or service, the pricing plan, the location, the individuals, the procedure, and the tangible proof that are essential to upholding a large number of visitors from the area. This demonstrates the most successful marketing techniques that need to be improved and can be used in the improvement of travel agency businesses.

Automated Natural Language Processing-Based Supplier Discovery for Financial Services.

Public procurement is viewed as a major market force that can be used to promote innovation and drive small and medium-sized enterprises growth. In such cases, procurement system design relies on intermediates that provide vertical linkages between suppliers and providers of innovative services and products. In this work we propose an innovative methodology for decision support in the process of supplier discovery, which precedes the final supplier selection. We focus on data gathered from community-based sources such as Reddit and Wikidata and avoid any use of historical open procurement datasets to identify small and medium sized suppliers of innovative products and services that own very little market shares. We look into a real-world procurement case study from the financial sector focusing on the Financial and Market Data offering and develop an interactive web-based support tool to address certain requirements of the Italian central bank. We demonstrate how a suitable selection of natural language processing models, such as a part-of-speech tagger and a word-embedding model, in combination with a novel named-entity-disambiguation algorithm, can efficiently analyze huge quantity of textual data, increasing the probability of a full coverage of the market.

The Canadian Indirect Tax Landscape for Foreign Suppliers of Goods to Canadian Consumers (B2C)

The rise of the digital economy has forced lawmakers to adapt their indirect tax framework to ensure that foreign and local businesses would operate on an even playing field and that goods and services would be taxed within their country of consumption. With that in mind, some features of indirect tax regimes had to be reconsidered, such as import VAT/GST exemptions on low-value goods, along with VAT/GST registration requirement for non-resident suppliers of goods and services to local consumers. In this article, the authors address the 2021 Canadian GST/HST digital economy reform, analyse how it compares with the OECD recommendations and provide some key insights for foreign suppliers of goods to Canadian consumers who try to navigate the current Canadian indirect tax landscape.

Product Briefs

Items listed here are new or improved products on the market. See the AWWA Sourcebook (http://sourcebook.awwa.org) for a full list of product and service suppliers. Send press releases about new products to opflow@awwa.org.