Manufacturing Services Research Articles

The promotion of digital transformation for supply chain diversification in service-oriented manufacturing paradigm

ABSTRACT Service-oriented manufacturing (SOM) is a new paradigm that merges manufacturing and service, leading to supply chain diversification (SCD) with components such as supplier, customer, and product diversification. Building SCD is imperative for SOM firms as a proactive strategy. Our study investigates the role of digital transformation (DT) in building SCD for SOM firms, while also examining the moderating effects of information quality and environment uncertainty. Our methodology involves collecting data from 819 A-listed SOM firms announced by governing bodies between 2017 and 2021. We utilised ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models with fixed effects to test our hypotheses. Our findings indicate that DT enhances SCD, encompassing supplier, customer, and product diversification. The positive effects of DT on SCD are amplified in conditions of higher information quality and lower environmental uncertainty. However, in contexts characterised by low environmental uncertainty, SCD performance may suffer. These results hold practical implications for researchers and practitioners involved in SCD management.

Pricing strategies in a risk-averse dual-channel supply chain with manufacturer services

Pricing strategies in a risk-averse dual-channel supply chain with manufacturer services

Pricing strategies in a risk-averse dual-channel supply chain with manufacturer services

Pricing strategies in a risk-averse dual-channel supply chain with manufacturer services

Indirect emission accounting and effectiveness of market regulation toward sustainability

The consideration of sustainability aspects has become increasingly essential and explicitly required by regulatory bodies and financial market participants so that efforts for mitigating climate change and avoiding a global ecological collapse could be strengthened. However, the methods used to measure transition risks do not always adequately describe the relationship between financial assets and environmental pressures. The currently implemented methods are limited to assessing the risks of financial portfolios based on their industrial sector classification and consider only direct emissions. In contrast, Scope 3 effects, which account for a significant part of total emissions, are excluded from the calculations. To reveal how reliable recent knowledge on climate risks is, in this study we investigate the currently used methods of climate exposure evaluation and conduct an analysis for the EU-27 countries by extending the calculation to indirect impacts. Our calculations reveal that the most affected industries are hotels and restaurants, construction, manufacturing, and other services, in which overall emissions are seven times higher on average than direct values. These results also suggest that the aforementioned segments need different risk assessments and additional examinations as part of investment and lending processes.

Unleashing Manufacturing Potential: A Simulation-Based Journey Towards Optimal Efficiency

In the increasingly competitive landscape of manufacturing, companies are continuously striving to enhance their production processes, minimize expenses, and uphold exceptional quality standards. A valuable approach to achieving these objectives involves the utilization of plant simulation software which enables businesses to analyze, plan, and simulate their manufacturing operations, facilitating optimization and cost reduction while maintaining superior quality levels. This study aims to explore the application of plant simulation in a large company, with a focus on identifying areas for optimization and increased efficiency of the whole product lifecycle. The research will involve simulating a real-life manufacturing process, including both production and service kits, using simulation software. The performance of the simulated plant system will be analyzed to evaluate its effectiveness. By doing so, this study will contribute to the existing knowledge base of product lifecycle management and plant simulation and provide valuable insights to manufacturers seeking to enhance their production processes and achieve their business objectives. Furthermore, it will showcase the capabilities and accuracy of plant simulation technologies, equipping manufacturers with the necessary information to make informed decisions regarding future production goals and estimates.

Interactive relationship of manufacturing and producer service industries in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and mechanism

Interactive relationship of manufacturing and producer service industries in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and mechanism

Study on the impact of digital economy on industrial collaborative agglomeration: Evidence from manufacturing and productive service industries.

In the digital era, digital economy has a far-reaching impact on the collaborative agglomeration of manufacturing and service industries. This research aims to examine the economic relationship between digital economy and industrial collaborative agglomeration. Based on a panel data set of 286 Chinese cities, this research employs Tobit model, moderating effect model, and mediating effect model to conduct data analysis. It is found that digital economy has a nonlinear relationship with industrial collaborative agglomeration, and this relationship is a U-shape. Moderating effect analysis reveals that government intervention significantly regulates the role of digital economy in industrial collaborative agglomeration. Mediating effect analysis indicates that digital economy promotes industrial collaborative agglomeration through entrepreneurial activity. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the facilitating effect of digital economy on collaborative agglomeration in high-end industries comes earlier than in middle- and low-end industries. Moreover, this research finds that digital economy plays a significant role in industrial collaborative agglomeration in central and western regions of China but not in the eastern region. To enhance the impact of digital economy on industrial collaborative agglomeration, it is crucial to strengthen the engagement of the government and ensure the availability of digital technology.

The state of the additive manufacturing ontology landscape for enabling rapid response in times of crisis

This paper examines the current landscape of ontologies for describing additive manufacturing (AM) technologies and services. Through an extensive search, using both a bottom-up and top-down approach, four accessible AM ontologies were identified. These ontologies were then evaluated according to generally accepted principles and guidelines. It was found, that two of the four ontologies could deal as a starting point for a semantic core of a B2B AM services matchmaking platform. To remedy the existing problems of impracticability, underdevelopment, and lacking linkage to other ontologies, we see a gap in regathering of AM data in a FAIR and sustainable way, and deploying a re-engineered version of a candidate ontology.

How do corporate governance, artificial intelligence, and innovation interact? Findings from different industries

Research in the field of corporate governance has been exhaustive, and recently many scholars have focused on the relationship between corporate governance attributes and artificial intelligence (AI), corporate governance attributes, and corporate innovation (Asensio-López et al., 2019), however, there are few studies that combine corporate governance, AI, and corporate innovation. This article examines the relationships among corporate governance attributes, AI, and corporate innovation. Adopting a new perspective, we have tried to help resolve this issue using a content-analysis that integrates data from over 50 companies that trade on National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations (NASDAQ) to analyze the relationship between board attributes, the practice of AI and firm innovation for the time 2018–2022. The results suggest that particular aspects of boards, such as board size, board diversity, and ownership concentration show significant correlations with firm AI development and innovation for overall industries, but the levels of associations also vary depending on different innovation measurements and samples considered in specific industries. Corporate governance has more significant variables in the manufacturing and information technology service industries. Moreover, the mediating effects of AI and innovation are examined, respectively. This research offers implications to corporate decision-makers as to how to proceed if the intent is to offer commercialized AI advancements and successful breakthrough innovations.

Mega-urbanization, territorial fragmentation and social inequality in the Global South: The case of Mexico city and its city-region

City-regions have become the new dominant form of urbanization in both developed and developing countries, comprising a polycentric network of multiple cities of assorted sizes. However, urbanization does not occur uniformly within the city-region, creating several types of territorial inequalities. This study argues that there is a lack of city-region studies in Latin America for analysing these internal inequalities, expressed, among other aspects, in fragmented land occupation, highly differentiated economic decentralisation, and marked social-urban-rural and urban-urban inequalities. The city-region territory represents a fragmented, divided territory in an urban-rural, social, and economic sense.The main findings of this study of Mexico City's city-region point to the fact that globalization dynamized the economic development of metropolitan zones and second-tier cities, yet that its effect on rural areas was limited. It has created a clear territorial distinction between its main urban and rural territories, with the latter effectively becoming poor regional peripheries. Economic advantages have favoured metropolitan areas through the decentralisation of manufacturing and knowledge-intensive services, excluding small cities and rural areas from this economic model. The last two are the clearest losers in this process since they are associated with places with the most obvious disadvantages and the most marked social inequalities. Rural areas have low productivity and incipient industrialisation, and expel the migrant population, whereas metropolitan peripheries have high levels of social marginalisation.

Enabling Service-Oriented Manufacturing Through Architectures, Models, and Protocols

Enabling Service-Oriented Manufacturing Through Architectures, Models, and Protocols

Industrial Digital Transformation and A Proposal to Rebuild Digital Trade Agenda

With the Fourth Industrial Revolution, a digitally connected global era has begun. Leading global companies are harnessing innovative technologies such as internet of things, big data, artificial intelligence, robotics and digital twin to revolutionize manufacturing process. This transformation is resulting in the creation of new business models and value-added products. It is time to shift the paradigm of trade by reforming the old mindset dominated by tangible goods. While current trade agreements contain some rules on digital trade, the scope of discussions lag behind the business reality of industrial digital transformation. This article purports to rebuild the objectives and priorities of global digital trade negotiations, by reflecting recent hyper-connectivity and hyper-intelligence. It proposes eight items for digital trade negotiations: digital transformation (DX) in trade, digital manufacturing services, internet access and traffic cost sharing, data trust for interoperability, artificial intelligence (AI) governance, cybersecurity and trade, big-tech platform regulations, and digital business taxation. digital transformation, digital trade, digital service, data flow, artificial intelligence, cyber security, big-tech platform

Dynamic decision-making for knowledge-enabled distributed resource configuration in cloud manufacturing considering stochastic order arrival

The emergence of COVID-19 caused the stagnation of production activities and promoted the changing market demand. These uncertainties not only brought great challenges to the manufacturing approaches led by a single enterprise, but also threatened the stability of inherent supply chain. To maintain market competitiveness, an efficient distributed manufacturing resource allocation method is urgently needed by manufacturers. Cloud manufacturing (CMfg) is an advanced service-oriented manufacturing paradigm that breaks physical space constraints to integrate distributed resources across enterprises, and provides on-demand configuration of manufacturing services for personalized consumer needs in real-time. The focus of this paper is to achieve dynamic configuration of distributed resources in CMfg considering stochastic order arrival, while reducing overall completion time and improving resource utilization. First, a dynamic knowledge graph for distributed resources is constructed, and its definition and construction methods are introduced. Secondly, semantic matching between massive optional manufacturing resources and multiple types of subtasks is achieved through knowledge extraction, thereby obtaining a candidate set of manufacturing resources that meet basic requirements for each subtask. An artificial intelligence (AI) scheduler based on deep reinforcement learning is developed, and order urgency is incorporated into the design of state observation vectors. AI scheduler can generate optimal decision results based on environmental observations, select high-quality manufacturing service compositions over candidate sets, and ultimately achieve efficient distributed resources configuration. Finally, Dueling DQN-based training method is put forward to optimize AI scheduler, enabling adaptable decision-making performance in dynamic environment. In the experiment, a simulation environment with 18 different settings is designed that considers stochastic processing time, random order compositions and various order arrival patterns. The proposed graph-based matching method, scheduling policy learning method and dynamic decision-making method are tested in the simulation environment. The experiment results demonstrate that the cognitive and AI joint driven distributed manufacturing resource configuration method is superior to traditional methods in terms of policy learning speed and scheduling solution quality.

The Role of Job Satisfaction on the Effect of Work Environment to the Performance of Manufacturing Company Employees

The purpose of this study is to provide recommendations for companies to improve the performance of their employees by analyzing the relationship between the variables in this study, namely work environment and job satisfaction with performance. This research was conducted at PT. Faco Global Engineering is a steel fabrication company that will continue to support the needs of steel construction manufacturing and engineering services. This research is quantitative research with a survey approach. The number of samples used in the study was 81 people who were employees of PT Faco Global Engineering. The method for processing and analyzing data uses Partial Least Square (PLS) with SmartPLS software. The results of the study show that there is a positive and significant direct effect of the work environment on employee performance. There is a positive and significant direct effect of job satisfaction on employee performance. There is a positive and significant direct effect of the work environment on job satisfaction. There is a positive and significant indirect effect of the work environment on employee performance. Through job satisfaction. This study shows the effective role of the intervening variable, namely job satisfaction.

A critical evaluation of Basics of New Industrial Policy 1991 on Foreign Direct Investment

In 1991, the financial policies of the Indian economy underwent a significant shift with the introduction of LPG (Liberalisation, Privatisation and Globalisation). On July 24, 1991, the government formulated a new economic policy and unveiled it. The goal of implementing this programme was to strengthen and expand the Indian economy. The nation had a serious financial crisis in 1990, which prompted the implementation of this legislation as a precautionary measure. The government of India established the "New Industrial Policy" (NIP) in 1991 with the goal of liberalising the Indian economy. The changes had a major impact on the business, manufacturing, and financial services industries, as well as on general economic growth.

Service-oriented manufacturing supply chain: risks and their resonant effect

PurposeThis research aims to specialise in the investigation of risk management for service-oriented manufacturing supply chains via two stages, highlighting its differences from manufacturing. The research article is commenced by executing an encyclopedic review of earlier research to ascertain the distinctive traits of service-oriented manufacturing supply chains and identify prevalent risks. Secondly, an empirical study in the construction field, amongst the industry hardest struck in the mist of the COVID-19 epidemic, is conducted to thoroughly inspect the resonant effect of these risks on service-oriented manufacturing supply chain performance.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, to validate the resonant effect mechanism, a thorough assessment is undertaken by juxtaposing theoretical model to a newly constructed comparative model that encompasses the single effects of risks on supply chain performance.Findings63% variance of service-oriented manufacturing supply chain performance was showcased by the resonant effect model, compared with 46.3% in the comparative model. Moreover, each risk exerts a more glaringly significant impact on supply chain performance, asserting the mechanism of the resonant influence. Another noteworthy result involves the demand risk possessing a low effect on supply chain performance, thus emphasising the superiority of service-oriented manufacturing supply chains.Research limitations/implicationsFuture research endeavours should hinge on the optimal “resonant” model explosion, thereby foreseeing and alleviating worst-case scenarios to guarantee the robustness and resilience of supply chain networks.Practical implicationsIndubitably, reducing the intensity of the resonant effect revolves around lowering the coefficient of “a,” thereby restricting/eliminating the link among risks. Therefore, the suggested resonant impact model might thus serve as “a road map”. In light of the aforementioned considerations, it is advisable that supply chain executives employ supply chain management tactics namely avoidance, prediction, and postponement, but only after meticulous consideration the costs and benefits of adopting such strategies.Originality/valueThe service-oriented manufacturing supply chain features and advantages have been analysed and explained throughout the article. The data gathered during the COVID-19 pandemic is a captivating and topical point of this paper.

Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Provincial Industrial Convergence Networks in China

Abstract The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed accelerating the promotion of Chinese-style modernization, placing higher requirements on regional economic development. In this context, interregional industrial convergence has become a new driving force for achieving high-quality economic development and regional industrial transformation and upgrading. Using the 2017 interregional input-output table provided by Carbon Emission Accounts and Datasets (CEADs), this study constructs a directed weighted network from both the supply side and the demand side, with “province-industry” as the node and the real flow between industries as the edge weight. Network analysis is used to investigate the overall status of industrial convergence in China, as well as differences according to industry and region. Finally, an exponential random graph model (ERGM) is used to examine the influencing factors and effects of network formation. The results show the following: (1) the industrial convergence relationship between regions in China is transitive and reciprocal, and the overall tendency of the network is one in which output capacity is greater than absorption capacity. (2) The marginal flow of manufacturing and services occupies an absolute advantage in China’s industrial convergence network, in which mid-end manufacturing and producer services are the most prominent. (3) Industrial convergence between provinces has formed a hierarchical spatial layout of “output-conduction-absorption”. In the absorption layer, the breadth and depth of Beijing’s industrial integration are characterized by absorption-dominant development. In the output layer, Shanghai’s capital-intensive industries have a strong external radiation capacity and generally show open-led development. (4) Interregional industrial convergence tends to occur in areas with similar economic levels and output value levels, showing a coordinated development trend of high-level output and low-level absorption, which is also affected by location proximity relationships, regional technology gaps, and employment population gaps. This research shows that China’s inter-provincial industrial convergence network generally shows the characteristics of spatial hierarchy, significant industry differences and multi-factor drivers.

The impact of collaborative agglomeration of manufacturing and producer services on carbon emission intensity: Influence mechanism and spatial effect.

Under the goal of " carbon peaking and carbon neutrality," how to create a low-carbon and green development path for cities is an urgent problem in China. One of the effective ways to solve this problem is through industrial collaborative agglomeration. In this paper, panel data of 276 prefecture-level cities in China from 2010 to 2020 was selected to investigate the relationship between the collaborative agglomeration of manufacturing and producer service and carbon emission intensity by using a fixed-effects model, intermediary model, and SDM in multiple dimensions. The study found that the collaborative agglomeration of manufacturing and producer service industries significantly influences carbon emission intensity with an inverted U-shaped curve, and the agglomeration of manufacturing and producer service industries can influence carbon emission intensity through technological progress. In addition, the inverted U-shaped impact of collaborative agglomeration of manufacturing and producer services on carbon emission intensity has a spatial spillover effect, and the spatial spillover effect generated is stronger than the impact on the local area. Moreover, from the perspective of industry heterogeneity, compared with low-end producer services, the agglomeration of manufacturing and high-end producer services can play a better role in carbon emission reduction. Regarding regional heterogeneity, compared with the central and western regions, the impact of manufacturing and production services agglomeration on carbon intensity is far more obvious in the more economically developed eastern regions.

Enterprise and service−level scheduling of robot production services in cloud manufacturing with deep reinforcement learning

Enterprise and service−level scheduling of robot production services in cloud manufacturing with deep reinforcement learning

Pendampingan dan Evaluasi Produk Kaki Prostetik bagi Kelainan Kongenital Kaki di Atas Lutut (Above Knee Prosthesis)

A prosthetic leg is a lower extremity movement aid in assisting the mobility of persons with physical disabilities. A prosthetic leg is used to replace a missing leg, either due to a birth defect or an amputation. The use of a prosthetic leg is a different matter if the user has never experienced movement sensation. This service will evaluate the process of assisting the use of prosthetic legs for people with physical disabilities from birth. So far, prosthetic foot manufacturing services that have been carried out by the Prosthetic Orthosis Profession in Indonesia have focused on making sockets. Most users have physical abnormalities for a history of amputation or not birth defects. So that in the process of practicing the use of prosthetic legs there are no difficulties. It's different if the user of this prosthetic leg is congenital who has not felt the sensation of stepping movement at all or what is known as the gait cycle. Forms of community service activities in the process of assisting the use of prosthetic legs and evaluating any obstacles encountered in the walking process.