Service Entry Research Articles

The Discursive Configuration of the Therapeutic Community for Substance Users: Positioning and Ethnopsychological Processes Concerning Entry.

Therapeutic communities face high drop-out rates and general distrust of their effectiveness among substance users. Actively involving users early in treatment promotes greater compliance with the treatment and is predictive of better outcomes. However, users often occupy a passive and subordinate role, exacerbated by the lack of research that explores their perspectives, beliefs, and experiences. This study examined the discourses of 57 consumers who were part of a community for less than 15 days, investigating the meanings attributed to service entry and treatment. A protocol of four written open-ended questions was employed and analysed through discourse analysis and positioning theory. The results indicate that participants configure the community as a place symbolically and spatially distinct from the rest of the world, where they isolate themselves to seek support during times of extreme difficulty. However, what they are seeking is a solution to acute distress caused by substance use, intertwined with social, economic, and relational issues. The concept of treatment is built on the image of the substance user as an individual making a weak request for help, attributing the problem solely to drugs and exhibiting reduced agency in addressing their issues. The collected texts provide a better understanding of the experiences of new users, highlighting the importance of co-constructing personalised projects that empower consumers to feel actively involved in their own change, exploring their theories and definitions of self to structure pathways based strictly on their needs.

Patient and carer transition outcomes and experiences at the Westmead Centre for Adolescent and Young Adult Health, Westmead, Australia: protocol for a longitudinal cohort study

IntroductionThe Westmead Centre for Adolescent and Young Adult Health is a purpose-built facility supporting integrated care for young patients with a variety of long-term health conditions transitioning from paediatric services...

Identifying a Level of Neutralizing Antibody That Correlates With Protection From Clinical Mumps Disease During a 2017 Mumps Outbreak Among Military Service Members.

In 2017, a mumps outbreak occurred in a US military barracks. Serum collected at service entry was used to compare pre-exposure with presumptive vaccine-induced antibody levels from persons who developed mumps (cases) and potentially exposed persons who did not develop mumps (non-cases). Sufficient information to determine levels of exposure during the outbreak was not available. Pre-outbreak serum samples from the Department of Defense Serum Repository were available from 254 potentially exposed service members. Twelve developed clinical symptoms and had post-outbreak serum collected. All sera were tested with a mumps-specific enzyme immunoassay for immunoglobulin M, immunoglobulin G (IgG), and IgG avidity. The neutralizing antibodies to vaccine strain (Jeryl Lynn [JL], genotype A) and wildtype virus (genotype G) was assessed by a plaque reduction neutralization test. A Fisher exact test and receiver operator characteristic curve were used to analyze the antibody response for non-cases and mumps cases. Eight mumps cases were laboratory confirmed. Pre-outbreak neutralizing antibody titers to JL and genotype G mumps virus and pre-outbreak IgG index values were proportionately lower for most cases as compared with exposed non-cases. When compared with potentially exposed non-cases, cases with clinical symptoms had greater odds of having a pre-outbreak JL titer <41 and a genotype G titer <16. We identified potential correlates of protection for mumps neutralizing antibody titers against JL and genotype G mumps viruses.

Symptom domains and psychosocial functioning in borderline personality disorder

BackgroundBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is often characterized by severe functional impairment, even after a decrease in symptoms. A comprehensive understanding of psychosocial functioning in BPD is necessary to tailor treatment offer, which should address relevant aspects of daily life. The aims of the present study are to (1) conduct a cross-sectional comparison of functioning of a group with BPD and a non-BPD clinical comparison group at service entry, and to (2) assess the relationship between intensity of BPD symptom domains and psychosocial functioning.MethodsThe sample consists of N = 65 participants with BPD and N = 57 participants from the clinical comparison group without BPD (non-BPD group). The Revised Borderline Follow-up Interview (BFI-R) was used to evaluate psychosocial functioning and the Revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines (DIB-R) to assess BPD symptoms. Linear, logistic, and multinomial regression models were run separately for each aspect of functioning as a function of BPD status or BPD symptom domains.ResultsOnly 23% of participants in the BPD group fulfilled criteria for good overall psychosocial functioning, compared to 53% in the non-BPD group. Furthermore, participants in the BPD group were less likely to have completed a high number of years of education, to work consistently, to be financially independent, to be in a cohabiting relationship and have a good relationship with parents. In addition, various links were identified between BPD symptom domains and functional impairments.ConclusionsConsistent with prior research, the main impairments in functioning in the BPD group are found in the educational and vocational domains. Though some domains show impairment, others, like friendships, may act as potential resources. Further investigation on the relationships with symptom domains is required.

Pelvic Floor Disorders Among U.S. Military Active-Duty Females

Importance Women are a growing cohort within the U.S. military. Pelvic floor health is a component of health maintenance for which support needs vary by sex. The American Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology reports that 1 in 4 women is affected by moderate to severe pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD). Understanding the specific experience of female service members is warranted for health care optimization and preservation of force readiness. Objective We aimed to identify the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors associated with incident PFD in active-duty females during an 11-year window. Study Design We used the Medical Assessment and Readiness System at Womack Army Medical Center, which includes medical record and personnel data from 2011 to 2022. Pelvic floor dysfunction diagnoses were identified using diagnosis codes and analyzed with respect to demographic parameters. Results Between 2011 and 2022, 32,996 of 550,303 active-duty females were diagnosed with PFD (period prevalence: 6.00%). Using 2011–2012 as a washout period, 27,046 of 486,558 participants were diagnosed during 1,879,990.90 person-years of follow-up (incidence rate: 14.39 cases per 1,000 person-years). The incidence rate of PFD increased in both new and established active-duty females. Increasing time since service entry was the strongest, statistically significant independent predictor of PFD. Three or more deployments and specific physical fitness scoring were also predictors of PFD. Conclusions The incidence rate of PFD among female service members is increasing, and multiple military-specific factors predict PFD. As the percentage of women in active-duty service continues to grow, additional investigation is needed to confirm PFD trends, illuminate other predictors, and prevent adverse outcomes.

524 Navigator: Providing a foundation for cross team collaboration and custom research service through the CTSA Hub

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute (OCTRI) Clinical Research Navigator program provides a single point of entry for clinical and translational research services, support, advice and guidance. We provide data to illustrate the Navigator model at OHSU and examine continued opportunities to optimize research resources. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Requests and activities performed by the OCTRI Navigator program, staffed by 3 FTE (2 Assistant Navigators and 1 Assistant Director) were analyzed. Navigator receives requests through multiple methods: a digital form (REDCap®), email, phone calls. Requests for services and support include focused need for a core or a broad request for multiple services for start-up: informatics, the clinical and translational research center, regulatory knowledge and support, recruitment, qualitative methods, community research, biostatistics or broad consultations. Requests are tracked in SPARCRequest. Navigator also supports wayfinding to institutional resources outside of the CTSA, matchmaking for sponsors seeking investigators, and serves as a connector and facilitator across programs. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: OCTRI Clinical Research Navigator triaged an average of 964 research requests for 613 projects with 388 unique investigators annually between 2018-2022. Navigator also fields more than 80 calls each year that are unrelated to CTSA projects. Project requests are examined to illustrate trends in projects requesting multiple services and display how Navigator simplifies project intake and connects researchers to resources they may have not recognized they needed. Project attributes including funding type and funding status are included in this review. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: CTSA resources are essential to the infrastructure available to researchers. While absolute numbers of requests provide little insight into the impact each CTSA hub may have, the timing and clustering trends of projects with multiple program requests shows how a combination of technology and experienced staff can efficiently support researchers.

Duration of Untreated Psychosis and Outcomes in First-Episode Psychosis: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Early Detection and Intervention Strategies.

The role of duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) as an early detection and intervention target to improve outcomes for individuals with first-episode psychosis is unknown. PRISMA/MOOSE-compliant systematic review to identify studies until February 1, 2023, with an intervention and a control group, reporting DUP in both groups. Random effects meta-analysis to evaluate (1) differences in DUP in early detection/intervention services vs the control group, (2) the efficacy of early detection strategies regarding eight real-world outcomes at baseline (service entry), and (3) the efficacy of early intervention strategies on ten real-world outcomes at follow-up. We conducted quality assessment, heterogeneity, publication bias, and meta-regression analyses (PROSPERO: CRD42020163640). From 6229 citations, 33 intervention studies were retrieved. The intervention group achieved a small DUP reduction (Hedges' g = 0.168, 95% CI = 0.055-0.283) vs the control group. The early detection group had better functioning levels (g = 0.281, 95% CI = 0.073-0.488) at baseline. Both groups did not differ regarding total psychopathology, admission rates, quality of life, positive/negative/depressive symptoms, and employment rates (P > .05). Early interventions improved quality of life (g = 0.600, 95% CI = 0.408-0.791), employment rates (g = 0.427, 95% CI = 0.135-0.718), negative symptoms (g = 0.417, 95% CI = 0.153-0.682), relapse rates (g = 0.364, 95% CI = 0.117-0.612), admissions rates (g = 0.335, 95% CI = 0.198-0.468), total psychopathology (g = 0.298, 95% CI = 0.014-0.582), depressive symptoms (g = 0.268, 95% CI = 0.008-0.528), and functioning (g = 0.180, 95% CI = 0.065-0.295) at follow-up but not positive symptoms or remission (P > .05). Comparing interventions targeting DUP and control groups, the impact of early detection strategies on DUP and other correlates is limited. However, the impact of early intervention was significant regarding relevant outcomes, underscoring the importance of supporting early intervention services worldwide.

TRADE POLICY OF THE CUSTOMS MALAYSIA IMPOSED ON WOOD - BASED PRODUCTS

International trade involves the movement of goods and services across the world called an import-export transaction. Every country has limitations which is legislations are required to protect the safety and well-being of the country. Thus, international trade policy is needed to control the entry and exit of goods or services in an orderly and controlled manner through regulations. Malaysia has various trade policies, including tariff and non-tariff barriers that are administered by the Royal Malaysian Customs Department (RMCD). These trade policies are enforced on timber-based products that are imported and exported. The finite amount of raw material of this natural resource requires a mechanism to control its production. This descriptive study based on secondary data aims to identify the trade policy imposed on timber products as well as the implications of the trade policy for this industry and various other parties. It reveals that almost all wood-based goods are subject to an import duty between 0%, 20%, and 35% at the ad valorem rate upon arrival of this commodity at the Malaysian entry point. While the export duty is at a 0% rate on this commodity. At the same time non-tariff barriers which are import and export permits required for this commodity trade. The agencies empowered to approve and issue import/export permits are MTIB for Peninsular Malaysia, SFD for Sabah, and STIDC for Sarawak. Import duty as national income, protecting domestic industry with a balanced market price. Import/export permits are required to control the production of these limited natural resources. Malaysia has to review and analyze the trade policies to ensure comprehensive and competitive trade liberalization and justice globally.

Combining Clinical With Cognitive or Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data for Predicting Transition to Psychosis in Ultra High-Risk Patients: Data From the PACE 400 Cohort

BackgroundMultimodal modeling that combines biological and clinical data shows promise in predicting transition to psychosis in individuals who are at ultra-high risk. Individuals who transition to psychosis are known to have deficits at baseline in cognitive function and reductions in gray matter volume in multiple brain regions identified by magnetic resonance imaging. MethodsIn this study, we used Cox proportional hazards regression models to assess the additive predictive value of each modality—cognition, cortical structure information, and the neuroanatomical measure of brain age gap—to a previously developed clinical model using functioning and duration of symptoms prior to service entry as predictors in the Personal Assessment and Crisis Evaluation (PACE) 400 cohort. The PACE 400 study is a well-characterized cohort of Australian youths who were identified as ultra-high risk of transitioning to psychosis using the Comprehensive Assessment of At Risk Mental States (CAARMS) and followed for up to 18 years; it contains clinical data (from N = 416 participants), cognitive data (n = 213), and magnetic resonance imaging cortical parameters extracted using FreeSurfer (n = 231). ResultsThe results showed that neuroimaging, brain age gap, and cognition added marginal predictive information to the previously developed clinical model (fraction of new information: neuroimaging 0%–12%, brain age gap 7%, cognition 0%–16%). ConclusionsIn summary, adding a second modality to a clinical risk model predicting the onset of a psychotic disorder in the PACE 400 cohort showed little improvement in the fit of the model for long-term prediction of transition to psychosis.

The digitalisation of the music industry in Brazil

Abstract The article analyses the digitisation of the music industry in Brazil, taking into consideration the new productive structure that emerges from its ‘creative destruction’. To do so, it presents a historical overview of the record industry in the country and assesses the key components of the structural transformation of its economy in the early twenty-first century, from the sharp decrease in the consumption of CDs and DVDs to the entry of the global streaming services that presented an international modus operandi to the local music industry, or what has come to be known as the celestial jukebox. In the conclusion, it discusses the challenges for the distribution and circulation of music produced in Brazil in the global digital music market.

Exploring dementia care pathways in seven LMICs with the help of case vignettes – identifying opportunities for strengthening pre‐ and post diagnostic support

AbstractBackgroundThere is a scarcity of information about the care pathways of people living with dementia under different circumstances in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs) countries. This knowledge is important to effectively improve system responses and processes for people living with dementia and their families.MethodDuring a workshop with researchers from a range of LMICs, we identified key variables likely influencing people’s access to and routes through health and long‐term care system. Based on these, we developed five case vignettes exploring these key characteristics together with the research teams in the seven STRiDE (‘Strenghtening Responses to dementia in DEveloping countries’) project countries. The multidisciplinary STRiDE country teams then narratively described the likely care pathways and validated the results with relevant stakeholders.ResultUsing the same five vignettes across Brazil, India, Indonesia, Jamaica, Kenya, Mexico and South Africa enabled us to analyse the dementia care system. The vignettes highlighted the role of infrastructure on accessibility regarding diagnosis, help and support. While health service entry points varied by health care system design and type of health insurance, we found that traditional healers and alternative medicine, often in parallel, also played a role in most countries. Where people rely on public services, awareness of dementia among entry level healthcare workers seems important.Following diagnosis, health services were the main ongoing support provided across countries. Availability of other types of supporting therapies or social interventions varied. Non‐governmental organisations or faith‐based support seemed to be especially important in rural areas. Across all countries, families and especially women provide the bulk of care and support. Residential care has been described as stigmatised in several countries. Issues around availability, affordability and quality of care in residential care were also raised.ConclusionExploring care pathways of people with different social profiles is important to show the responsiveness of health and long‐term care systems to people’s needs and to enable that bottlenecks to care and support can be addressed through interventions and policy. Comparing the vignettes across the seven STRiDE countries highlights similarities but also differences.

THE TRADEMARK RENEWAL PROCESS RELATES TO THE EXCLUSIVE RIGHTS OF THE BRAND HOLDER BASED ON LEGAL CERTAINTY

In this age of digitalization, the significance of Intellectual Property cannot be ignored. In experiencing the changing era, the Intellectual Property protection system also needs to adjust well, along with the changes, growth, challenges, and opportunities that exist. The growth of the era cannot be ignored, and in the context of the current growth of Intellectual Property, the protection system must also explore so as not to lag behind and protect the rights of individuals efficiently. With this growth, the process of acquisition and ownership of Intellectual Property as a form of protection of intellectual property, absolutely must be supported, facilitated and facilitated by all parties. With such support, facilitation, and ease, this will not only increase the number and quality of Intellectual Property ownership, but more importantly, it will reflect progress in the field of science and technology at the national level. Not only that, it is also a sign of economic progress and the welfare of citizens. The most important is the trademark which is one of and cannot be separated by aspects of Intellectual Property, along with the Exclusive Rights of the Trademark Holder. Because all of these contexts concern the principle of legal certainty. In the context of the disappearance of national borders due to globalization, with the presence of freedom of entry of objects and services. The management of intellectual property rights is very meaningful for the nation's materials because it can share legal protection for intellectual property owned by creators, inventors, designers, and creators related to their creations or intellectual works.

Study protocol: implementing and evaluating a trauma-informed model of care in residential youth treatment for substance use disorders.

Comorbidity between Substance Use Disorders and trauma/post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is common, particularly within residential treatment services. Comorbidity is associated with poorer treatment retention and treatment outcomes. Integrated treatment approaches are increasingly recommended but are still under examined in residential treatment services. This study will implement and evaluate a novel model of trauma-informed care (TIC) in a youth (18-35 years) residential substance use treatment service. A single-armed, phase 1 implementation trial will be conducted in one residential treatment service. The model, co-developed with staff, incorporates: (i) workforce development in TIC through staff training and clinical supervision; adaptions to the service (ii) policies, procedures, and physical settings and (iii) treatment program adaptions (in delivery style and content) to be more trauma-informed; (iv) client screening and feedback for trauma and PTSD at service entry; and (v) the provision of support, referral and/or trauma-focused therapy to those with PTSD. Service outcomes will include adherence to the TIC model and client treatment completion. Client substance use and mental health measures will be collected at service entry, and 1-, 3-, 6- and 12-months follow up. Staff outcomes, including workplace satisfaction, burnout, and fatigue, as well as perceptions and confidence in delivering TIC will be collected at baseline, and at 3-, 6-, 12- and 18-months following training in the model. The sustainability of the delivery of the TIC model of care will be evaluated for 12 months using service and staff outcomes. The study has received ethical approval by the University of Queensland (Approval number: 2020000949). The results will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed scientific journal, presentations at scientific conferences, and distributed via a report and presentations to the partner organization.Clinical trial registration: ACTRN12621000492853.

How do dockless bikesharing services affect public transit and taxi use? Evidence from 36 central cities in China

Despite the rapid growth in the popularity of technology-enabled dockless bikesharing services, comprehensive research on their causal effects on other modes of transportation is still scarce. To fill this gap, this study exploits the staggered entry of Ofo and Mobike into 36 Chinese central cities as a quasi-natural experiment using a difference-in-differences approach to examine the overall impact of dockless bikesharing services on bus, rail, and taxi use. The results show that the entry of dockless bikesharing services significantly reduced city bus ridership by 5.1% and taxi passenger miles by 6.4%, but had no significant impact on rail ridership overall. Further heterogeneity analysis shows that a higher proportion of BRT vehicles can attenuate the negative impact of bikesharing services on bus ridership, while bikesharing seems to promote rail transit use in cities with low population densities and limited rail transit networks. Moreover, the reduction effect of bikesharing services on taxi passenger miles was driven by a decrease in average trip distance, with the unintended consequence of total taxi deadheading increased by 9.7%. This study provides important and valuable references for city governments to better utilize bikesharing services to develop efficient and sustainable urban transportation systems.

A multidimensional approach for differentiating the clinical needs of young people presenting for primary mental health care

ObjectivesThere is an ongoing necessity to match clinical interventions with the multidimensional needs of young people. A key step toward better service planning and the design of optimal models of care is to use multidimensional assessment to understand the clinical needs of those presenting to primary mental health care. Methods1284 people aged 12–25 years presenting to primary youth mental health services completed an online assessment at service entry. Latent class analysis was conducted for seven scales assessing anxiety, depression, psychosis, mania, functioning (indexed by Work and Social Adjustment Scale), and suicidality. ResultsA three-class solution was identified as the optimal solution. Class 1 (n = 305, 23.75%), an early illness stage group, had low and mixed symptomatology with limited functional impairment, class 2 (n = 353, 27.49%) was made up of older persons with established depression and functional impairment, and class 3 (n = 626, 48.75%) had very high and complex needs, with functional impairment, suicidality, and at-risk mental states (psychosis or mania). Additional differentiating characteristics included psychological distress, circadian disturbances, social support, mental health history, eating disorder behaviours, and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. ConclusionsA large proportion of help-seeking young people present with symptoms and functional impairment that may exceed the levels of care available from basic primary care or brief intervention services. These subgroups highlight the importance of multidimensional assessments to determine appropriate service pathways and care options.

Exposure to Agent Orange and Risk of Bladder Cancer Among US Veterans

To date, limited data exist regarding the association between Agent Orange and bladder cancer, and the Institute of Medicine concluded that the association between exposure to Agent Orange and bladder cancer outcomes is an area of needed research. To examine the association between bladder cancer risk and exposure to Agent Orange among male Vietnam veterans. This nationwide Veterans Affairs (VA) retrospective cohort study assesses the association between exposure to Agent Orange and bladder cancer risk among 2 517 926 male Vietnam veterans treated in the VA Health System nationwide from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2019. Statistical analysis was performed from December 14, 2021, to May 3, 2023. Agent Orange. Veterans exposed to Agent Orange were matched in a 1:3 ratio to unexposed veterans on age, race and ethnicity, military branch, and year of service entry. Risk of bladder cancer was measured by incidence. Aggressiveness of bladder cancer was measured by muscle-invasion status using natural language processing. Among the 2 517 926 male veterans (median age at VA entry, 60.0 years [IQR, 56.0-64.0 years]) who met inclusion criteria, there were 629 907 veterans (25.0%) with Agent Orange exposure and 1 888 019 matched veterans (75.0%) without Agent Orange exposure. Agent Orange exposure was associated with a significantly increased risk of bladder cancer, although the association was very slight (hazard ratio [HR], 1.04; 95% CI, 1.02-1.06). When stratified by median age at VA entry, Agent Orange was not associated with bladder cancer risk among veterans older than the median age but was associated with increased bladder cancer risk among veterans younger than the median age (HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.04-1.10). Among veterans with a diagnosis of bladder cancer, Agent Orange was associated with lower odds of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (odds ratio [OR], 0.91; 95% CI, 0.85-0.98). In this cohort study among male Vietnam veterans, there was a modestly increased risk of bladder cancer-but not aggressiveness of bladder cancer-among those exposed to Agent Orange. These findings suggest an association between Agent Orange exposure and bladder cancer, although the clinical relevance of this was unclear.

Transit Agency Assessment of Their Capability to Adopt New Mobility Strategies

This research identified current challenges, constraints and interest in the implementation and management of new mobility services (on-demand and micromobility) for United States transit agencies. Twenty-four semi-structured interviews with employees of transit agencies were conducted, and NVivo, a qualitative analysis software, was used to classify agency involvement, constraints, and challenges with services. The most common constraints and challenges for on-demand services (cited by more than five agencies) were labor shortages, software performance, fare integration, vehicle shortages, and funding. For agencies not offering on-demand services, developing strong backbone networks with fixed-routes was a priority, and cost-effectiveness, service area design, and funding were additional concerns. The top constraints and challenges among transit agencies with respect to micromobility (cited by more than four agencies) included fare integration, obstruction of public space, funding, adequate supporting infrastructure, and development of equitable service. For integrating new mobility services, most transit agencies (14 of 20, 70%) expressed interest in becoming mobility managers, but larger agencies (those with more than 10 million unlinked passenger trips) were split between mobility manager and partner roles. This research suggests that transit agencies have evolved in the new mobility space, but some constraints and challenges still stand in their way. Policy makers and decision makers can help transit agencies by encouraging open-source software development, improving labor contracts, increasing funding opportunities, and coordinating land-use, transportation, and transit planning. Future research should continue investigating barriers to entry for new mobility services and identify how transit agencies can increase coordination with technology and micromobility companies.

GOAL SETTING AS A TOOL FOR IMPROVING THE ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL REGULATION OF POLITICAL SERVICE IN UKRAINE

The article reveals the specifics of using goal setting as a tool for improving the administrative and legal regulation of political service in Ukraine. It has been established that over the past thirty years, a large number of normative legal acts have been adopted in our country, which testify to the existence in Ukraine, in addition to state, patronage and other types of public service, political service. However, the administrative and legal regulation does not establish the basis of political service, in particular, there are no general requirements for entry, completion and termination of service in political positions in public administration bodies. It was found that the administrative-legal regulation of the public service in Ukraine has other defects, which are caused by deficiencies in the definition, fixation and implementation of goals, firstly, the reform of the public service as an institution of administrative law, and secondly, the administrative-legal regulation of public services in Ukraine. It is proposed to define goal setting in administrative law: 1) as a methodological technique for identifying the goals of public service reform and its administrative and legal regulation (with mandatory consideration of the principles of administrative law); 2) as a tool for improving the administrative and legal regulation of the public service in Ukraine (goals should be formed on the basis of modeling the ideal legal result of the administrative and legal regulation of the public service); 3) as a doctrine on determining the goals of administrative-legal phenomena and, including, administrative-legal regulation. It was emphasized that the political service, unlike other types of public service, has the worst administrative and legal support. Actually, goal setting, as a scientific methodological technique and a tool for improving legal regulation, helps to identify the reasons for such a situation in the modern legal system of Ukraine. It was concluded that the reasons for the insufficient administrative and legal support of the political service in Ukraine are, firstly, the lack of general goals of reforming the public service and at the same time the lack of purposeful assignment of the political service as an integral and important element of the public service in Ukraine, secondly, secondary (non-serious) attitude of politicians, officials and subjects of the legislative initiative to the administrative and legal regulation of the foundations of political service in Ukraine, which is clearly visible in the quality and quantity of legal prescriptions in this area.

The complementary effect of ride-sharing on public transit: evidence from a natural experiment

PurposeIdentifying the complementary effects of ride-sharing on public transit is critical to understanding the potential value of growing partnerships between public transit agencies and ride-sharing platforms. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether and how ride-sharing services complement public transit.Design/methodology/approachTaking advantage of a natural experiment whereby subway Line 2 opened after the entry of ride-sharing services in Xiamen, this study uses a difference-in-differences approach to identify the complementary effects of ride-sharing on public transit based on a proprietary fine-grained trip-level data set from a large ride-sharing platform.FindingsThis study obtained the encouraging finding that ride-sharing has a significant complementary effect on the subway, as the number of ride-sharing pickups and drop-offs at subway stations increased by 130% and 117.9%, respectively, after the subway opening. Moreover, mechanism analysis shows that the complementary effect of ride-sharing services is stronger when connection distance is short (i.e. under 6 km) and when the transportation availability is limited (i.e. at night or in the areas with low transit supply and low population density).Practical implicationsThe findings provide guidelines for promoting cooperation between public transit agencies and ride-sharing platforms to build an efficient and sustainable urban transport system.Originality/valueThis study is the first to examine the complementary effect of ride-sharing services on public transit via unique fine-grained ride-sharing trips data, and further reveal the underlying mechanism behind this effect.

A multi-method study of the emotional mechanism linking seaside destination attributes and tourists’ revisit intention

ABSTRACT The advent of the post-pandemic era has increased the emotional rewards destinations need to provide. However, the psychological process of generating tourists’ revisit intention remains unclear in research on destination attributes and revisit intention. Existing research has many drawbacks, suggesting important research gaps, including using generalized mediating variables, focusing on conventional tourism scenarios, and overreliance on regression-based techniques. This study fills the gaps using multiple methods (qualitative and quantitative methods and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis) to examine the linkage between seaside destination attributes and tourists’ revisit intentions using Sanya, China, as a case study. The innovations of this study include the detailed emotional path of tourists’ revisit intention, the use of multiple methods, and the identification of the critical emotional variable. Managerial implications about marketing and service entry point are also provided.