Servants Research Articles

Теоретические аспекты исследования взаимосвязи уровня развития информационно-коммуникационных технологий и социально-экономического развития регионов РФ

The influence of information and communication technologies (ICT) on the development of the country's economy as a whole and individual regions is considered, the importance of the ICT sector in the economic, social, and social processes of the country and its regions is noted. The necessity of identifying the relationship between the uneven development of the ICT sector and the socio-economic development of the regions is substantiated. A study of domestic and foreign works devoted to the relationship between the level of ICT development and socio-economic systems has been conducted. The author's interpretation of the concept of the “digital divide” is presented, the reason for its formation and strengthening, the concretization of the opportunities and threats it creates for the subsequent spatial development of Russia is revealed. By systematizing the characteristics of narrow and broad approaches to the definition of the digital divide, their advantages and disadvantages were highlighted, and the expediency of developing a new methodology for assessing digital inequality was proved. The essence of the narrow approach is manifested in the uneven access to ICT services, which is based on the uneven development of ICT infrastructure. The broad approach is based on the study of the level, causes and consequences of digital gaps between countries, regions, and territories. It is noted that the boundaries between the presented approaches are leveled as a reaction to the challenges of modernity, forming a new integral approach accumulating theoretical and methodological developments of previous periods. Improving management efficiency at the present stage is largely due to leveling the influence of factors exacerbating the digital divide, identifying and comprehensively studying emerging opportunities/threats for the development of specific territories.

Debt servicing payment: the bane of economic growth in nigeria. [2005-2021

Economic growth, is a global issue that Nigeria is still contending with. This global phenomenon however, is plagued by twin evil called debt and debt servicing. Though debt and debt servicing is not bad in itself, but the management in Nigeria seems to hinder economic growth. This concern has prompted the need for this research to examine the effect of debt servicing on economic growth in Nigeria. Therefore, the specific objectives of this study are; to determine the effect of foreign debt servicing on GDP, and to examine the effect of domestic debt servicing on GDP. Two null hypothesis were tested to provide answers to the concerns posed by the independent variables on the dependent variable, ordinary least square regression was adopted, with the aid of SPSS to analyses our result. with GDP as the dimension for the dependent variable, the research period covered was 2005-2021. This research adopted ex-post facto design, because of the nature of data that is analysed. The choice of this design was due to the desire of the researchers to ensure a free interface of the data without manipulation. However, the findings revealed that both Foreign Debt Servicing and Domestic Debt Servicing have significant effect on GDP. We, therefore, conclude that debt servicing in Nigeria should be managed with utmost sincerity to stimulate economic growth. Suffice it to say that, domestic and foreign debt servicing has become obscenity rather than a blessing to the Nigerian economy, as it has not proven to salvage the economic woes of the Nigeria. We recommend accordingly that, Domestic and foreign debt servicing payments should be managed in such a manner that it would not hinder economic growth of Nigeria.
 
 

Reframing the Indian Middle Class as a Labour Aristocracy

Abstract Taking from, and critiquing, both the scholarship on the Indian “middle class” as well as the scholarship on the ‘labour aristocracy’, this paper argues for the reformulation of the Indian “middle class” as a labour aristocracy or worker elite. We define the distinctive characteristics that set the Indian worker elite apart from the broader working class and highlight, through the case studies of international migration, patterns in urban living spaces and domestic service employment, the stark differences between the worker elite and the poor working masses in India, and the exploitative relationship that exists between the two. The analysis points to the semi-periphery being the locus of the largest inequalities in the capitalist world-system today, where the bourgeoisie and the worker elite both gain tremendously from the exploitation inherent to capitalism. Resultingly, the task at hand in India and the semi-periphery broadly remains to organize the poor, marginalised working masses.

Конституционное регулирование избирательной системы в контексте обеспечения стабильности избирательного законодательства

The article deals with the problem of the gap in the 1993 Constitution of Russia in terms of regulating the electoral system in its broad sense. It is noted that the introduction of the vast majority of legal norms to the level of laws and by-laws generates instability of electoral legislation and negatively affects the state of the Russian legal system. Based on the results of the analysis of the Constitutions of foreign states and domestic scientific works and political constitutional projects, proposals are made on the prospects of constitutional regulation of the electoral system of Russia.

Institutional Pension Insurance in Sustainable Development of Urban–Rural Intergenerational Support

Parental downward support plays an important role in urban and rural sustainable development. It is of great significance to study parental downward transfers and their motivation. However, there is no consensus on the motivation behind parental downward transfers in China. This study examines the timing and monetary impacts of social pensions on parental downward transfers and assesses the motivations behind them. We found that pension insurance encouraged rural parents to provide time and monetary support to their children. Unlike rural parents, pension insurance increased the monetary support of urban parents but inhibited their time support. Because of the higher income level of urban parents and the better organization of the domestic service market, parents have the motivation and conditions to reduce their time support and increase monetary support. Our findings highlight the importance of parental downward transfers in urban and rural sustainable development.

The application of the attractor model to cognitive poetics, journalism, and foreign language learning.

The article examines the issue of applying of the complex dynamic systems theory elements in the field of teaching foreign languages, analyzing the use of the Internet, cognitive poetics, and journalism. In all these areas, the attractor model is mainly used. An attractor is a potential state of a system to which it is evolving. The semantics of the term is clearly dominated by the meaning of attraction. The article presents the justification of the methodological aspect in the application of the attractor model in various fields of science. An overview of domestic and foreign works in these fields is given, and various types of attractors are considered. Special attention is paid to cognitive poetics, a relatively new field of cognitive linguistics that systematically explores the relationship between the literary texts structure and their perception and conceptualization. In cognitive poetics, attractors influence the level of discourse by creating attention-attracting text objects. New types of textual attractors are proposed – neologisms (nonword), as well as elements of non-trivial lexical phrase that are not collocations. A lexical unit is a textual attractor if it attracts the reader's attention. The proof that a nonword attracts attention is that it introduces dissonance into the text, or that the lexical solution takes longer time. The proof that a nontrivial phrase can be considered a textual attractor is an increase in the reaction time to this phrase. The main contribution of the author to the study of the topic can be called the presentation of two types of new textual attractors, namely nonword and non-trivial phrase. The study of the structure and methods of producing individual author's occasional nonwords and non-trivial phrases that act as attractors in a V. Pelevin’s dystopian novel is carried out.

Effect of home care activities on labor participation in a developing country

This article analyzes the differences in labor participation due to home care activities in Colombia. Indirect and direct care activities can be inside or outside the market sphere. For example, a domestic service worker provides indirect and, sometimes, direct care services. A high percentage of care activities are delegated to women because these tasks are supposedly proper for their gender and are a natural part of their daily lives. To understand the disadvantaged position of women in the labor market, their participation in unpaid work must be considered. Our results show that gender stereotypes continue to overburden Colombian women in unpaid activities. Variables such as age, schooling, sex, and household headship are relevant when direct and indirect caregiving activities are included in the analysis of labor participation.

Challenges of using specialist domestic and sexual violence and abuse service data to inform policy and practice on violence reduction in the UK

Specialist domestic and sexual violence and abuse support services routinely collect administrative data about victim-survivors’ experiences of violence, interventions, and individual- and service-level outcomes. When used effectively, such information has the potential to enhance understanding of patterns of violence in society and ensure that responses are evidence-based. However, the extent to which insights from specialist services’ administrative data can inform policy and practice on violence reduction is limited by three interrelated challenges: different approaches to the measurement of violence and abuse; the issue of disproportionate funding and capacity of services, and the practicalities of multi-agency working. This article contributes to a gap in knowledge by explicitly addressing the challenges of using such data. It is hoped that it will encourage further discussions into how services collect and use data, which would greatly enhance knowledge in this area. To gain a more accurate picture of violence and abuse, their consequent harms in society, and where resources and interventions should be targeted, it is vital that specialist services data is integrated with other sources of data on violence.

시각중복장애학생 교수·학습 방법 관련 국외 연구 동향 분석

Purpose: The purpose is to collect and analyze research related to the guidance of visually impaired students over the past 10 years published in international academic journals and examine trends related to the guidance and teaching methods of visually impaired students. Method: To this end, in accordance with the NECA Systematic Literature Review Manual, a total of 16 articles related to educational methods for students with visual impairment published overseas from 2013 to 2022 were searched using the overseas academic paper search service and overseas academic paper search site within the domestic academic research information service. collected. Based on the collected research data, the data were analyzed using inductive and deductive methods. Results:First, research was being conducted on structured implementation suitable for the characteristics of students with visual overlap impairment. In relation to this, research was conducted on teaching methods for students with visual impairment to structure the learning environment and thinking process. Second, research was being conducted to identify learner intentions and increase participation. In relation to this, research has been conducted on using assistive technology devices to enhance learners' participation in learning, on using assistive technology devices on improving learners' leisure activities, and on walking education using behavioral interventions. Conclusion: It was confirmed that structuring the characteristics of students with visual overlap disorder is necessary in terms of the learning environment and thinking process. It was confirmed that assistive technology devices and behavioral intervention methods can be used to understand learner intent and increase participation.

On the issues of criticism and further development of the national regulatory framework for the calculation of structures for seismic impacts

A scientific analysis of the provisions of the studies [1–4] devoted to the critical analysis of the state of regulatory documentation on the calculation of structures for earthquakes has been carried out. In these works, it is argued that the developers of domestic standards made a serious methodological mistake when dynamic coefficients, rather than reaction spectra, were used when setting the initial seismic information. It is believed that in foreign norms, as well as in the monographs of famous foreign scientists, the ground parts of structures during earthquakes are not affected by any external forces. This incompleteness of representations is present in the equation of horizontal vibrations in translated and domestic works and monographs, but in them, unlike the analyzed works, it is not stated that during earthquakes the ground parts of structures are not affected by any external forces. The reasons for the inadequacy of mathematical models of the interaction of foundations and structures are revealed and the equations of translational and rocking plane-parallel vibrations of a rigid structure on a pliable base are given, clearly taking into account the effect of gravity.

Exploring the Intersection of Legal Regulations and Feminization of Migration: A Focus on Migrant Women Working in Domestic Services in Türkiye

One of the trends that have come to the fore with globalization is the increased visibility of women in migration. As the rate of women’s participation in the labor force through paid work has increased, their mobility from rural to urban areas or from one part of the world to another has also increased. In this process, also known as the feminization of migration, women have become geographically more mobile than ever before in history. With this process, women started to migrate independently from their family members across national borders to work in a variety of jobs, particularly domestic work and sex work. The diversion of domestic work (caring for the sick, children and elderly, cleaning, etc.) to women in poorer countries through the global division of labor has played an important role in this change. This division of labor, which arises from the combination of the gendered character of domestic work and cheap female labor, has necessitated the geographical mobility of poorer women from all over the world. As a result, women have also begun to engage in geographical mobility on a global scale. In addition to these reasons that push women to migrate, developments in destination countries that create demand for migrant women’s labor are also important. Today, almost every part of the world has become a destination point for women migrating for domestic work. Especially after the collapse of the Soviet Union, Türkiye has also become one of these target countries. However, migrant women have faced various problems in Türkiye, both due to deficiencies in existing regulations and political attitudes towards migrants. These women, most of whom work as domestic workers, have been at the center of problems arising from both the migration system and the specific conditions of domestic work. In this study, the problems faced by female migrant domestic workers in Türkiye are discussed within the aforementioned framework. In particular, the main axis of the discussion is how domestic workers are affected by legal regulations in Türkiye. The study interrogates how women’s migration to Türkiye has developed within the existing migration system and examines the migration experience of migrant women working as domestic workers in Türkiye.

Proses Penanganan Clearance Out Kapal Ternak Berbendera Asing Dengan Inaportnet Oleh Pt. Pelayaran Semesta Sejahtera Lestari Belawan

Pelayaran Semesta Sejahtera Lestari Belawan is a company that operates as a shipping agency (ship agency) which provides domestic and international services. The process of handling ship departure (clearance out) at PT. The Semesta Sejahtera Lestari Belawan voyage starts when the ship has finished carrying out activities at the port, the agent makes another request for ship departure or Clearance Out. The Clearance Out process is a maximum of six hours before the ship leaves, the agent submits a ship out service in the Inaportnet system. To issue an SPB (Sailing Approval Letter), the agent must complete all documents and costs which are the agent's responsibility. For the issuance of an SPK (Work Order), guide the ship out no later than one hour after the SPB (Sailing Approval Letter) is issued. After processing the SPB (Sailing Approval Letter) is complete, the agent will take the ship documents and SIB (Sailing Permit) at KSOP. PT Pelayaran Semesta Sejahtera Lestari is a company that operates in the service and agency services sector, in other words a representative of the general agent/principle to take care of ship documents and take care of all ship needs that are needed when the ship is at the port. To obtain data, the author used field research and library research methods.

Uncovering structural characteristics of virtual water flow network in India

India plays a pivotal role in global water resource management. Existing studies have not well characterized structural characteristics of virtual water flow network in India (e.g., critical sectors, transactions, and supply chain paths) in the context of global supply chains. This may impede the efficiency of policy measures on the mitigation of India's water shortage. This study identified critical transmission sectors, intersectoral transactions, supply chain paths, and communities of India's virtual water flow network, by combining the global environmentally extended multi-regional input-output model, structural path analysis, betweenness concept, and community detection method. Results show that in addition to domestic water-intensive sectors, the transmission sectors, intersectoral transactions, and supply chain paths associated with domestic service sectors (e.g., the “Hotel and restaurant services” and “Other land transportation services” sectors) and foreign sectors (mainly chemical industries, light industries, and services in large manufacturing entities) also play important roles in transmitting India's water uses. The importance of critical transmission sectors and transactions related to foreign regions (e.g., the rest of Asia-Pacific Region and China) have increased significantly during 1995–2020. Moreover, major communities mostly involve sectors from different regions. These findings can provide hotspots for India's water resource management in terms of improving the productivity and strengthening the interregional and intersectoral cooperation.

The Child Protection Response to Domestic Violence and Abuse: a Scoping Review of Interagency Interventions, Models and Collaboration

Abstract Purpose There is a growing acknowledgement that children are direct victims of domestic violence and abuse, and require support and protection in their own right. However, professional interventions designed to protect children may unintentionally further victimise parents, most often mothers. In response, a number of new interagency approaches have been developed. Method Updating a previous review by Macvean et al. (Australian Social Work,71(2), 148–161, 2018), we report the findings of a scoping review of models of interagency working between child protection and either domestic abuse services or family law services, or all three services, to improve understanding of practices that may facilitate collaboration between child protection and other agencies in the context of domestic violence and abuse. We also consider the effectiveness of such approaches in improving the safety of child and adult victims. Results A systematic search of all sources identified 4103 documents that were screened for inclusion. The outcome of this screening was the identification of thirteen papers or reports dated between 2018 and 2022 that comprised an evaluation of six models of interagency interventions. Nine publications originated in Australia, three in the UK and one in the USA. The most referenced model was Safe & Together, primarily due to the number of publications from the same research team in Australia. None of the included studies reported the outcomes or impact for children and families. Conclusions While there are a growing number of promising approaches identified, there is little evidence of effectiveness, or the views of child and adult family members about the acceptability and utility of such approaches.

Neuropsychological Prevention of Students’ Procrastination

The article addresses to the problem of theoretical study of the problem of academic procrastination and its neuropsychological prevention for students. It describes neuropsychological means of prevention of academic procrastination with the recommendation to take into account the results of psychodiagnostics and analysis of some conditions and causes of the studied phenomenon. The psychological portrait of a student-procrastinator is analised the components of which are individual psychological, psychophysiological and personal characteristics. The role of the relationship between self-regulation and student learning motivation in foreign literature is also summarized. Peculiarities of educational burnout of procrastination students on the basis of foreign and domestic works are noted. It was revealed the essence of development and introduction of neuropsychological means of academic procrastination – conditioning of dynamic process of emotional and cognitive transformations in self-regulation of the student’s personality and improvement of his/her educational success. The author’s system of neuropsychological exercises for neuropsychological prevention of academic procrastination is presented in the article considering the neuropsychological mechanisms of its development at the cognitive-emotional-bodily systemic level. It is noted that procrastination may be associated with a negative emotional and mental response to the introduction of quarantine and the transition to distance learning, and even with the new opportunities. It is emphasized that neuropsychological prevention of academic procrastination should be combined with programs for the formation of future professionals thinking and development of a high level of independence, discipline and responsibility in educational activities as a successful strategy to prevent burnout and actualize motivation to learn at the integration level.

URGENSI RESESI EKONOMI DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP STABILITAS SEKTOR JASA KEUANGAN

The aim of the research is to determine the development of the Indonesia financial services sector amidst the issue if the economic recession and to map strategies and policies that need to be improved through the implementation of structural reform policies in theIndonesian economy. The high dynamics of the global economy has resulted in adecline in intermediation performance in several national economics sectors. Meanwhile, the stability of the domestic financial services sector remains maintained with solid capital, a maintained risk profile and adequate liquidity. As a preventive measure in facing a recession to minimize the impact on society and encourage national economic performance through the implementation of structural reform policies in the Indonesian economy to maintain monetary stability and financial system stability as elements of continuity in supporting the planning and implementation of sustainable development programs through optimizing management owned natural resources, building reliability in the industrial sector, building resilience in the energy and food sectors, strengthening the economic financing structure,developing inclusive economic activities and strengthening development capital capabilities.

The contribution of domestic and family violence death reviews in Australia: From recommendations to reform?

A key aim of domestic violence death reviews (DVDRs) is to recommend improvements to domestic violence service responses, thereby preventing future domestic violence-related deaths. However, there is little scholarship examining the implementation of DVDR recommendations. This study analyses all recommendations made by two Australian DVDR bodies, from the time of each body's establishment until September 2023, alongside government responses and implementation information. Our findings show that despite high levels of initial government acceptance of DVDR recommendations there remains a considerable implementation gap. We consider implementation barriers, suggest improvements to recommendation monitoring and identify areas for future research.

Domestic service and prostitution: Empirical and theoretical connections

Various activities are systematically imposed on women in both paid and unpaid forms, generally involving care for others, sexual activity, or a combination of both. These activities have typically been studied separately, but these analytical divisions are increasingly being questioned. This article contributes to this debate by exploring empirical and theoretical connections two of the most prominent of these activities, prostitution and domestic service. Through a survey of the empirical literature on migration for domestic service, the article identifies four themes that suggest why some migrant women move between domestic service and prostitution: pre-existing structural constraints, migration conditions, working conditions, and migration policies. Subsequently, drawing on the work of French materialist feminists Colette Guillaumin and Paola Tabet and political theorist Carole Pateman, it sketches the outline of a theoretical account of the relationship between these two activities.

"Virtual reality" as a tool for global manipulation of socio-cultural identity

The subject of the article is the philosophical and cultural methodology of digital "virtual reality", comparing the declarations of developers with the practical possibilities and social consequences of using such technologies. The developers presented projects of online digital content services for all five senses using special equipment (glasses, headphones, interactive gloves, joysticks, costumes, printers of smells and tastes, etc.). It was assumed that virtual reality would surpass the reliability of previous multimedia content and interactive computer games, and the persuasiveness and attractiveness of traditional technical means of art and the press. Failure to fulfill these promises has led to significant losses since 2022 for leading companies developing digital virtual reality technologies Meta (recognized by the court as an extremist organization on 03/21/2022, activity is limited in the territory of the Russian Federation), Microsoft HapticLinks, Cave, AlloSphere, Teslasuit, VRealizer. There was a need to assess how and to what extent the methodology used and the predicted capabilities of digital virtual reality were correct. Philosophical and cultural analysis as a research method reveals: the developers of digital virtual reality promised the methodologically impossible, reducing human perception to the "sum" of the external "five senses" out of connection with the "self", inner sensitivity, bodily self-perceptions. A person is only partially amenable to algorithmized digital interaction; a critical barrier to digital virtuality is the socio-cultural identity of society and personality. The novelty of the results of the analysis lies in the conclusion: digital virtual reality in many respects is fundamentally inferior in effectiveness to traditional technical means of sensory and emotional impact and cognition, used both for creative and destructive purposes. In terms of creative potential, digital virtual reality is inferior to the technical means of art, science, education, upbringing, etc., and in terms of destructive capabilities, it is already used in the press and other mass communications technologies for manipulating public and individual consciousness, as well as psychotropic substances that cause addiction. National regulation of the development of digital "virtual reality" is recommended, aimed at protecting and developing the socio-cultural identity of Russian citizens and society, as well as for cognitive and educational purposes. It is recommended to limit the remote use of such developments to trusted domestic Internet services.

The Patient-Centered Doctor’s Competency Framework in Korea

With increasing demands for medical care by society, the medical system, and general citizens and rapid changes in doctor’s awareness, the competencies required of doctors are also changing. The goal of this study was to develop a doctor’s competency framework from the patient’s perspective, and to make it the basis for the development of milestones and entrustable professional activities for each period of medical student education and resident training. To this end, a big data analysis using topic modeling was performed on domestic and international research papers (2011–2020), domestic newspaper articles (2016–2020), and domestic social networking service data (2016–2020) related to doctor’s competencies. Delphi surveys were conducted twice with 28 medical education experts. In addition, a survey was conducted on doctor’s competencies among 1,000 citizens, 407 nurses, 237 medical students, 361 majors, and 200 specialists. Through the above process, six core competencies, 16 sub-competencies, and 47 competencies were derived as subject-oriented doctor’s competencies. The core competencies were: (1) competency related to disease and health as an expert; (2) competency related to patients as a communicator; (3) competency related to colleagues as a collaborator; (4) competency related to society as a health care leader (5) competency related to oneself as a professional, and (6) competency related to academics as a scholar who contributes to the development of medicine.