Analysis Of Serum Lipoproteins Research Articles

Quantitative and qualitative serum lipoprotein analysis: Part 2. Studies in male survivors of myocardial infarction

The fasting concentration of cholesterol and triglycerides in serum and in very low (VLDL), low (LDL) and high (HDL) density lipoproteins (LP) was determined 3 months after a myocardial infarction (MI) in 54 men, and the values obtained were compared to those in 61 healthy male control subjects. The mean triglyceride concentration in MI patients was significantly increased in serum, VLDL, LDL and HDL by 74 %, 110 %, 30 % and 12 % respectively, compared to controls. The mean cholesterol concentration was significantly raised by 16 %, 120 % and 14 % in serum, VLDL and LDL but decreased by 22 % in HDL. Hypertriglyceridaemia occurred in 58 % of MI patients. Of these patients, two-fifths had hypertriglyceridaemia only and three-fifths had combined hyperlipidaemia. The hypertriglyceridaemia was caused by elevation of only VLDL triglycerides in 26 %, only LDL triglycerides in 19 %, VLDL and LDL triglycerides in 23 % and by various other combinations of raised LP triglyceride levels in 25 % of cases. Hypercholesterolaemia was found in 41 % of MI subjects. Of these, one-sixth had elevation of cholesterol levels, while five-sixths had combined hyperlipidaemia. The LP abnormalities underlying hypercholesterolaemia were increased of only VLDL cholesterol levels in 36 %, only LDL cholesterol in 14 % and both VLDL and LDL cholesterol in 50 % of cases. The low HDL cholesterol values in comparison to controls were related to higher VLDL triglyceride values in MI patients, since HDL cholesterol fell significantly with increasing VLDL triglyceride levels. When HDL cholesterol was related to similar VLDL triglyceride levels, there were no major differences between controls and MI. It was impossible to determine the type of hyperlipoproteinaemia solely from determination of patients' fasting cholesterol and triglycerides. All 4 lipid groups (normal lipids, elevation of cholesterol levels, elevation of triglyceride levels and elevation of both lipid levels) each comprised at least 2 different types of hyperlipoproteinaemia. Upon LP analysis, the mixed hyperlipidaemic group (elevation of both cholesterol and triglyceride levels) was, as expected, found to be most complex and was comprised of subjects with normal LP levels (11 %), and those with Type IIA (26 %), Type IIB (31 %), Type IV (20 %) and Type III hyperlipoproteinaemia (11 %). In addition, LP abnormalities (Type IIA and others) were found in MI patients with normal total serum lipids. Thus, 38 % of MI had normal lipid levels but only 17 % were normal when all LP classes were considered. The modified Fredrickson system for categorising types of hyperlipoproteinaemia did not cover all LP abnormalities encountered in the MI population. One such abnormality not defined under the present system was the elevation of LDL triglyceride levels, an important cause of hypertriglyceridaemia alone or in combination with raised triglyceride levels in other LP classes. LDL hypertriglyceridaemia occurred with or without simultaneous elevation of LDL cholesterol levels. The importance of quantitative LP analysis in the correct diagnosis of hyperlipidaemia and in the evaluation of the presence of hyperlipoproteinaemia is stressed.

Studies in Asymptomatic Primary Hyperlipidaemia

The occurrence of early signs of peripheral vascular disease (PVD) of the lower limbs has been studied with digital pulse plethysmography in 160 men and 123 women above the age of 35, who were all subjectively healthy but were found to have primary hyperlipoproteinaemia (HLP) at a health control centre. Quantitative analysis of serum lipoproteins with cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) determination of each of the very low (VLDL), low (LDL) and high (HDL) density lipoprotein clases together with lipoprotein paper electrophoresis was performed. Identical investigations were performed on control subjects with non-elevated serum lipids. Inclination time (IT) was substantially prolonged in 12% of HLP males and 7% of HLP females. The frequency of male subjects with prolonged IT was lower when only LDL was elevated (type IIA) than in the other types of HLP. The subjects with prolonged IT had three characteristic features. 1) Moderate elevations of both serum cholesterol and TG. These elevations occurred often in both VLDL and LDL lipoprotein classes. IT prolongations were not seen when VLDL or LDL lipoproteins were singly maredly elevated. 2) High frequency of smokers. 3) Most of the subjects were above the age of 50. The results suggest that the most atherogenic lipoprotein abnormalities to the arteries of the lower limb are on the one hand the relatively TG-rich part of the LDL (LDL1) fraction and on the other hand the relatively cholesterol-rich part of the VLDL fraction. Furthermore the results stress the deleterious influence of smoking even in the preclinical stage of PVD.

The analysis of serum lipoproteins by 'crossed electrophoresis'.

Research Article| February 01 1972 The analysis of serum lipoproteins by ‘crossed electrophoresis’ P A Wilkinson; P A Wilkinson 1Courtauld Institute of Biochemistry, The Middlesex Hospital Medical School, London W1P 5PR, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar G L Mills G L Mills 1Courtauld Institute of Biochemistry, The Middlesex Hospital Medical School, London W1P 5PR, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Biochem J (1972) 126 (3): 28P. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj1260028P Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Cite Icon Cite Get Permissions Citation P A Wilkinson, G L Mills; The analysis of serum lipoproteins by ‘crossed electrophoresis’. Biochem J 1 February 1972; 126 (3): 28P. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bj1260028P Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsBiochemical Journal Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1972 London: The Biochemical Society1972 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Vergleichende untersuchungen der lipoproteine des serums mit der agarosegel-elektrophorese und der disk-elektrophorese in polyacrylamid-gel

A technique of serum lipoprotein analysis by polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis has been developed and compared to the agarose gel technique. More than 400 samples were obtained from 135 persons with normal and abnormal serum lipids. Pre-β-lipoproteins (VLDL) migrate only a short distance in a 3.25% polyacrylamide gel and are widely separated from the β-lipoprotein fraction (LDL). Disc electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel is a rather sensitive method, however slightly more difficult and fraught with potential problems. The clinical use of the disc electrophoresis method is limited. Results obtained by both methods in patients with hyperlipoproteinemias and patients with liver disaese are comparable, differences are pointed out.

A Simplified Technique for Semiquantitative, Clinical Estimation of Serum β<i>-</i>and Pre-β-Lipoproteins

An important relationship exists between abnormalities of serum lipoproteins and atherosclerosis. A simple and reproducible system for a semiquantitative serum lipoprotein analysis is described and the determinations are sufficiently accurate for clinical use. The method is adaptable for laboratories without an ultracentrifuge and does not require elaborate equipment. The quantitative determination of serum lipoproteins complements serum cholesterol and serum triglycerides in evaluation of lipid abnormalities. The method can be used to study subtle abnormalities in ‘normal’ individuals as well as changes occurring in various disease states.

Separation and quantitative analysis of serum lipoproteins by means of electrophoresis on cellulose acetate

A method for lipoprotein electrophoresis on cellulose acetate is described. Features which distinguish this method are: (1) It affords complete resolution of chylomicrons, β-lipoproteins, pre-β-lipoproteins, and α-lipoproteins into distinct bands and allows the relative magnitude of each to be estimated by transmission microden-sitometry. (2) Lipoproteins can be eluted quantitatively from separated bands for analyses. (3) Intact chylomicrons can be recovered by ultrasonic treatment. (4) The procedure is rapid, reproducible, and does not require addition of albumin to the buffer.

Hyperglyceridemia in Coronary Artery Disease and Its Management

Different laboratory and metabolic studies were used to obtain an etiologic classification of hyperlipidemia in 286 patients with atherosclerosis. The studies showed that although time-consuming metabolic studies were required to clearly establish the nature of the basic disturbance, useful information could usually be obtained by serum lipoprotein analysis (paper electrophoresis) and serum lipid determinations (cholesterol, phospholipid, and triglyceride concentrations). More than 90% of the 286 patients were found to have hyperglyceridemia derived from increased endogenous lipogenesis from carbohydrate. This abnormal carbohydrate sensitivity was revealed with an ad libitum carbohydrate (35% to 40%) diet. Since lipoproteins synthesized from carbohydrates were shown to be rich in both triglyceride and cholesterol, carbohydrate-sensitive hyperglyceridemia was frequently found in association with hypercholesteremia. The abnormal metabolism was controlled by a sugar-free diet, with a carbohydrate allowance of 125 to 150 gm supplied as starches.

The use of the computer in serum lipid and lipoprotein analysis.

AbstractThe usefulness of computers in data evaluation is generally recognized; however, the problem of utilizing a computer in the most intelligent manner deserves careful consideration.Several programs are described which aid in serum lipid and lipoprotein analysis. Two programs requiring a minimum of manual measurements have been developed to analyze gas‐liquid chromatograms. These programs perform many operations including erratums for baseline, linearity, Gaussian resolution, and variation in column conditions. The presentation in some detail of one of these programs for NCH elemental analysis illustrates the development and refinement of a program for a specific instrument. Finally, a general purpose statistical analysis program has been developed which greatly aids in summarizing and correlating data from these programs, as well as other sources, such as ultracentrifugal data.

Electrophoretic analysis of serum proteins, glucoproteins and lipoproteins in acute infectious diseases in infants and children.

Electrophoretic analysis of serum proteins, glucoproteins and lipoproteins in acute infectious diseases in infants and children.

Serum lipid and lipoprotein changes after treatment with atromid in patients with atherosclerosis, essential hyperlipaemia and familial hypercholesterolaemia

Twelve patients with clinical features of atherosclerosis, one with essential hyperlipaemia and one with familial hypercholesterolaemia have been treated for 20–40 days with 1.5–2.5 g of Atromid. The chemical determination of serum lipids, of uric acid and the ultracentrifugal analysis of serum lipoproteins (in a medium of density d = 1.21) have shown that treatment induces a significant decrease of cholesterol, of uric acid, and of the very low density lipoproteins, while high density lipoproteins are increased. In the patient with essential hyperlipaemia the changes of lipids and lipoproteins were particularly impressive, while in the patient with familial hypercholesterolaemia, the pattern of serum lipids and lipoproteins did not show important modifications. Douze sujets présentant des signes cliniques de l'athérosclérose, dont un avec hyperlipémie essentielle et un autre avec hypercholestérolémie familiale, ont été traités pendant 20–40 jours par l'Atromide à la dose de 1.5–2.5 g. Le dosage des lipides sériques, de l'acide urique et l'analyse par ultracentrifugation des lipoprotéines sériques (dans un milieu à densité = 1.21) ont révélé que le traitement produit une baisse significative du cholestérol, de l'acide urique et des lipoprotéines de très basse densité tandis que celles de haute densité sont augmentées. Chez le sujet avec hyperlipémie essentielle, les changements des lipides et des lipoprotéines étaient particuculièrement impressionnants, tandis que chez le sujet avec hypercholestérolémie familiale, les chiffres des lipides et lipoprotéines sériques ne présentaient pas de modifications importantes. Zwölf Patienten mit klinisch deutlicher Atherosklerose, einer mit essentieller Hyperlipämie und einer mit familiärer Hypercholesterinämie wurden 20–40 Tage mit 1.5–2.5 g Atromid behandelt. Der chemische Nachweis der Serumlipoide und der Harnsäure und die Analyse mittels Ultrazentrifugierung der Serumlipoproteine zeigten, dass die Behandlung eine bedeutende Verringerung des Cholesterins, der Harnsäure und der Lipoproteine von sehr niedriger Dichte verursachte, während Lipoproteine höherer Dichte erhöht waren. Bei dem Patienten mit essentieller Hyperlipämie waren die Veränderungen der Lipoide und Lipoproteine besonders eindrucksvoll, während bei dem Patienten mit familiärer Hypercholesterinämie das System der Serumlipoide und Lipoproteine keine wichtigen Veranderungen aufwies.

Paperelectrophoretic Analysis of Serum Lipoproteins of Normal Infants and Children

Paperelectrophoretic Analysis of Serum Lipoproteins of Normal Infants and Children

Particulate fat in lymph and blood.

ArticlesParticulate Fat in Lymph and BloodVincent P. Dole, and James T. Hamlin IIIVincent P. Dole, and James T. Hamlin IIIPublished Online:01 Oct 1962https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.1962.42.4.674MoreSectionsPDF (4 MB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInWeChat Previous Back to Top Download PDF FiguresReferencesRelatedInformation Cited ByNeuronal Lipid Metabolism: Multiple Pathways Driving Functional Outcomes in Health and Disease23 January 2018 | Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, Vol. 11Liver Fatty Acid-binding Protein Initiates Budding of Pre-chylomicron Transport Vesicles from Intestinal Endoplasmic ReticulumJournal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 282, No. 25Hydrophobic nature of rat lymph chylomicronsClinica Chimica Acta, Vol. 342, No. 1-2Difference in effect of myristic and stearic acid on plasma HDL cholesterol within 24 h in young men5 June 2003 | European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 57, No. 6Fibrinogen-coated chylomicrons in gastrointestinal lymph: a new rationale regarding the arterial deposition of postprandial lipidsMedical Hypotheses, Vol. 59, No. 6Effect of 6 dietary fatty acids on the postprandial lipid profile, plasma fatty acids, lipoprotein lipase, and cholesterol ester transfer activities in healthy young menThe American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 73, No. 2Bezafibrate therapy in patients with isolated low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels may have a beneficial effect in prevention of atherosclerosisMetabolism, Vol. 44, No. 11Impaired triacylglycerol catabolism in hypertriglyceridemia of the diabetic, cholesterol-fed rabbit: a possible mechanism for protection from atherosclerosisBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism, Vol. 1002, No. 3Reduced atherogenesis in cholesterol-fed diabetic rabbits. Giant lipoproteins do not enter the arterial wall.Arteriosclerosis: An Official Journal of the American Heart Association, Inc., Vol. 8, No. 4Effects of lipid composition on the association of plasma proteins with lipid emulsionsJournal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 113, No. 2Zonal ultracentrifugationThe phase behavior of triolein, cholesterol, and lecithin emulsionsJournal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 89, No. 2Effect of size and competition by lipoproteins and apolepoproteins on the uptake of chylomicrons and chylomicron remnants by hepatoma cells in cultureBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism, Vol. 617, No. 2Altered apolipoproteins in sex steroid-treated ratsMetabolism, Vol. 27, No. 5Effects of adrenaline on blood sugar and plasma lipid levels of a hibernating lizard during active and hibernation periodComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pharmacology, Vol. 60, No. 2Alterations in levels and interrelations of plasma apolipoproteins induced by dietMetabolism, Vol. 25, No. 3Apoliporoteins in human pregnancyMetabolism, Vol. 24, No. 8The apoproteins of various size classes of human chylous fluid lipoproteinsBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure, Vol. 371, No. 1Release of phagocytosed cholesterol by liver macrophages and spleen cellsBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism, Vol. 260, No. 3A connective tissue membrane as a molecular sieveBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, Vol. 255, No. 1Studies on the equilibration of radioisotopic cholesterol with human serum lipoprotein cholesterol in vitroBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism, Vol. 152, No. 4Relation between dietary fat and fatty acid composition of “endogenous” and “exogenous” very low density lipoprotein triglycerides (D < 1.006)Metabolism, Vol. 17, No. 6Separation and quantitative analysis of serum lipoproteins by means of electrophoresis on cellulose acetateClinica Chimica Acta, Vol. 20, No. 2Diet, cholesterol metabolism, and atherosclerosis1 November 1967 | Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, Vol. 44, No. 11Chylomicron, free fatty acid and ketone body metabolism of isolated liver cells and liver homogenatesBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism, Vol. 137, No. 1L'activité lipolytique du tissu adipeux i. mesures potentiométriques dans un extrait brut de tissu adipeux de ratBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism, Vol. 137, No. 1Hepatic lipase in the ratBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism, Vol. 137, No. 1The role of the liver in the uptake of plasma and chyle triglycerides in the ratBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism, Vol. 125, No. 3A new technique for the investigation of the low-density lipoproteins in health and diseaseClinica Chimica Acta, Vol. 14, No. 6The effect of diet and thyroxin on plasma lipids in myxedemaMetabolism, Vol. 15, No. 2Metabolism in the rat of chyle obtained after feeding hydrogenated coconut oil labeled with stearic acidBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism, Vol. 106, No. 1EditorialCirculation, Vol. 31, No. 3Unilateral chylous lymphedema and xanthomatosisThe American Journal of Medicine, Vol. 37, No. 4Heparin and the removal of triglyceride from the blood streamThe American Journal of Cardiology, Vol. 14, No. 1Über die resorption und den stoffwechsel einiger I-14C-markierter freier fettsäuren bei jungen kaninchenClinica Chimica Acta, Vol. 9, No. 2 More from this issue > Volume 42Issue 4October 1962Pages 674-701 https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.1962.42.4.674PubMed14028424History Published online 1 October 1962 Published in print 1 October 1962 Metrics

Electrophoretic analysis of serum proteins, lipoproteins, and glucoproteins in healthy newborn infants, older infants, and children in Greece: I. Normal values from birth to adolescence

<h2>Summary</h2> Total protein determinations and the electrophoretic patterns of proteins, lipoproteins, and glucoproteins were determined in the sera of healthy newborn infants, older infants, and children in Greece.

Chemical and Paper Electrophoretic Analysis of Normal Sheep Serum Proteins and Lipoproteins

Chemical and Paper Electrophoretic Analysis of Normal Sheep Serum Proteins and Lipoproteins

Canine atherogenesis following I 131 administration and cholesterol feeding.

Atherogenesis in I131-treated cholesterol-fed dogs was evaluated utilizing tissue lipid and polysaccharide, serum lipid and lipoprotein analyses. Coronary artery lesions antedated aortic lesions and both were characterized first by ground substance change without lipid accumulation. Lipids other than cholesterol then appeared, associated with varying degrees of cellular proliferation, subintimal hemorrhage and involvement of vasa vasorum and media. Marked cholesterol but not phospholipid accumulation characterized late lesions. Metachromasia was noteworthy only in fibrotic lesions. Aortic tissue hexose and hexosamine values usually were normal. Liver analyses revealed increased glycogen, especially in animals with marked reduction in high density serum lipoproteins. These animals also had highest concentrations of serum cholesterol, lipid P and lower density lipoproteins, and the most severe atheromata. Serum C/P ratios increased with increasing cholesterol levels. At serum cholesterol levels above 1000 mg %, the increments in C/P ratios were relatively smaller. Hypercholesterolemia in excess of 450 mg % for 1 year appears requisite to atherogenesis in the I131-treated cholesterol-fed dog, while comparable hypercholesterolemia in I131-treated dogs not fed cholesterol does not lead to atheroma formation.

The distribution and chemical composition of ultracentrifugally separated lipoproteins in human serum.

In the past few years several methods have been developed for the analysis of serum lipoproteins. Lindgren, Elliott, and Gofman (1) have utilized the relatively low density of the lipoproteins to separate them from the other serum proteins by ultracentrifugal flotation. Quantitation was subsequently performed by refractometric methods in the analytical ultracentrifuge. Separations of lipoproteins have also been made by Cohn fractionation in cold ethanol, and the quantities of lipoprotein have been estimated from the lipid. content of the fractions (2, 3). Widely used at the present time is the method of zone electrophoresis with quantitation either by staining (4) or by chemical analysis of eluates from the support

Electrophoretic and ultracentrifugal analysis of serum lipoproteins of normal, nephrotic and hypertensive persons.

Using a method of ultracentrifugation which brings out clearly the α and β lipoprotein components of serum, studies of normal, hypertensive and nephrotic human beings have been made. There are striking differences in distribution of lipoproteins among the different ages and sexes. During the stages of active atherogenesis in hypertensives and nephrotics, both the α and β lipoproteins and the lighter, higher molecular weight aggregates contribute importantly to the superabundance of plasma lipoproteins. The attribution of an exclusive atherogenesis to any one plasma fraction does not seem to us justified by these or other studies.