Serum Adenosine Deaminase Levels Research Articles

Study of serum adenosine deaminase levels in head and neck malignancies

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Head and neck malignancies are the malignancies occurring at various sites like scalp, ear, nose and paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx, oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, and salivary glands. There are various biomarkers which aid in early diagnosis and management of head and neck malignancies. In order to study various parameters aiding in early diagnosis, this study has been taken up to estimate serum adenosine deaminase levels among these patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-eight clinically diagnosed head and neck malignancy patients of both genders were included in this study on simple random basis. After obtaining the written informed consent from the patient, a peripheral venous sample of blood was taken and serum ADA levels were estimated. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS Version 22.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum ADA levels are found to be statistically significant with respect to various stages of head and neck malignancies including malignancy of unknown origin. Mean ADA level in this study was 30.33 IU/l. Mean ADA levels in MUO, primary tumor with neck secondaries were 37 IU/l, 38.7 IU/l respectively. Mean ADA levels in patients with primary tumor without neck secondaries was 27.9 IU/l.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Serum ADA levels among head and neck malignancy patients including MUO is a simple, inexpensive diagnostic biomarker enzyme which is easy and rapid to estimate. This study emphasizes on using Serum ADA levels as a prognostic indicator among head and neck malignancies who are on various modalities of treatment.<strong></strong></p>

Adenosine Deaminase Gene Polymorphism and Baseline Serum Level of Adenosine Deaminase as a Biomarker of Response to Methotrexate in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Methotrexate (MTX) is the first-line therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but nearly 30% of RA patients do not respond to it. Methotrexate acts by enhancing the level of adenosine, which gets converted to inosine by the enzyme adenosine deaminase (ADA). We studied whether ADA gene polymorphism and serum levels of total ADA are associated with responsiveness to MTX. Two hundred seven disease-modifying antirheumatic drug-naive active RA patients (DAS28-ESR [Disease Activity Score-28 for rheumatoid arthritis with erythrocyte sedimentation rate] ≥3.2) satisfying the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)/American College of Rheumatology 2010 criteria were enrolled. Genotyping was done in all patients, and in a subset (n = 59), blood was collected at baseline and at 2 months of MTX treatment for serum total ADA estimation by ELISA. Response at 4 months was assessed by EULAR criteria, and patients were classified as responders or nonresponders. The correlation of baseline clinical parameters, ADA gene polymorphism, and serum total ADA levels with EULAR response was sought. After 4 months of MTX monotherapy, 172 patients (83.1%) were classified as responders and 35 (16.9%) as nonresponders. Except DAS28-ESR (6.1 [5.43-6.84] in responders vs 5.6 [4.77-6.21] in nonresponders, p = 0.02), other baseline parameters (age, disease duration, ESR, and C-reactive protein level) were similar between responders and nonresponders. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in ADA gene, baseline serum ADA levels (10.52 ± 5.37 ng/mL in responders vs 12.28 ± 5.14 ng/mL in nonresponders), or change in ADA levels after 2 months of MTX therapy did not show any association with MTX response (p = 0.73, p = 0.34, p = 0.55, respectively). Adenosine deaminase genotype did not affect the blood ADA level. No association was seen between ADA single nucleotide polymorphism rs244076 as well as serum ADA level and response to MTX therapy.

Comparative Effects of Dexamethasone and Meloxicam on Magnitude of the Acute Inflammatory Response Induced by Escherichia coli Lipopolysaccharide in Broiler Chickens.

PurposeDexamethasone has been widely used to treat acute inflammatory diseases and endotoxic shocks in animal models. Meloxicam is one of the most commonly used anti-inflammatory agents in avian species. However, little is known about the effects of dexamethasone and meloxicam on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute inflammatory response in birds. In the present study, LPS-challenged broiler chickens were used to investigate the comparative protective effects of meloxicam and dexamethasone on LPS-induced acute inflammatory responses.MethodsLipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) histopathological scores, selected serum acute phase reactants, inflammatory mediators, and gangliosides were evaluated in broiler chickens inoculated with E. coli LPS and simultaneously treated with two doses of meloxicam (0.5 and 2 mg/kg BW) and dexamethasone (2 and 4 mg/kg BW).ResultsLPS-induced ALI scores were not significantly different between the meloxicam-treated, dexamethasone-treated, and untreated positive control groups at 4 hours after LPS inoculation. Interleukin-6 concentrations were also statistically the same among the positive control, dexamethasone-treated, and meloxicam-treated groups at 3 and 12 hours after LPS inoculation. However, these anti-inflammatory drugs reduced adenosine deaminase, ceruloplasmin, lipid-bound sialic acid, protein-bound sialic acid, and total sialic acid in LPS-inoculated broiler chickens at 12, 24, and 48 hours after LPS inoculation in a drug- and dose-dependent manner. Ovotransferrin concentrations were not significantly different between positive control and treatment groups at 12 hours after LPS inoculation. However, twenty-four hours after LPS inoculation, all the treated groups, except the one treated with 0.5 mg/kg meloxicam, showed significantly lower concentrations of ovotransferrin as compared with the positive control group.ConclusionOur results showed that dexamethasone was more effective than meloxicam in inhibiting the LPS-induced response in broiler chickens by diminishing the serum levels of adenosine deaminase, ceruloplasmin, and gangliosides.

Serum Adenosine Deaminase Values in Healthy People

The purpose of this study is to determine the activity of serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) in healthy people, in connection with significant differences in published reference ranges from different authors. In our study, we examined 160 healthy subjects aged 18 to 84, of whom 64 were men and 96 women. We have determined serum adenosine deaminase levels using a method based on the ability of the enzyme adenosine deaminase to catalyze the deamination of adenosine to inosine and ammonia. The catalytic concentration is determined spectrophotometrically by the rate of reduction of NADH measured at 340 nm. We found that normal serum ADA values among our healthy subjects are higher than the recommended reference range for the method we use, namely below 18 U/l. Using the percentile method, we worked out the following reference ranges: for women 14.53 - 25.73 U/l and for men 18.46 – 27.50 U/l. For women, the mean value is 21.07 U/l, and for men 21.30 U/l. At 95% CI, the serum ADA values of almost all subjects included in the study are within the recommended and other authors range of 11.50 - 25.00 U/l.

Raised Adenosine and Adenosine Deaminase in Bladder Cancer Require Less Postoperative Analgesia Compared with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia After Transurethral Resection

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P) and transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TUR-BT) are common urological operations. Our aim was to show whether there was an association of the adenosine molecular pathway with postoperative pain level and malignancy status. A total of 93 patients with ages between 55 and 72 years old who underwent TUR-P (n = 47) and TUR-BT (n = 46) under spinal anesthesia between August 2017 and July 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. On the day of surgery, at the postoperative 24th and 48th hours, plasma adenosine levels and serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels were measured. The malignant group had significantly higher adenosine (median 171.51 IQR = 147.69–196.32 vs. median 57.82, IQR = 54.06–62.34, p < 0.001) and ADA levels (median 19.10, IQR = 12.85–22.05 vs. median 7.00, IQR = 5.80–10.80, p < 0.001) preoperatively. Although their levels decreased at the postoperative 24th and 48th hours, the levels remained significantly higher in the malignant group until the postoperative 24th hour (p < 0.001). Lower pain level during the first 36 h and less analgesic requirement during the first 24 h were observed in the malignant group (p < 0.001). In addition, patients with higher tumor grades experienced less pain up to the postoperative 6th hour (p < 0.016). A strong positive correlation was observed between adenosine and ADA levels before surgeries for all patients (rho = 0.637, p < 0.001). There were also negative correlations between VAS score and adenosine level (rho = − 0.721, p < 0.001) or VAS and ADA (rho = − 0.658, p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, preoperative adenosine level (OR = 4.742, p < 0.001) was found to be the most important parameter affecting postoperative non-opioid analgesic requirement. According to our preliminary results, lower postoperative pain scores and less additional analgesic requirement may be associated with an increase in endogenous adenosine levels in malignant cases.

EP28 Adenosine deaminase-genetic polymorphism and baseline serum level as a biomarker of treatment response to methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract Background Despite methotrexate (MTX) being the first line therapy for RA,30% of patients do not respond to MTX. Methotrexate acts by increasing adenosine levels which lead to anti-inflammatory effects. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) enzyme converts adenosine to inosine thus reduces levels of adenosine. Thus, ADA levels and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in ADA gene may affect the treatment effect of MTX. Our objective was to study if genetic polymorphism in ADA gene and baseline serum ADA levels in patients with RA is associated with methotrexate response. Methods 207 DMARD naïve active RA (DAS28 ESR ≥3.2) patients satisfying EULAR/ACR 2010 criteria were enrolled. Genotyping was done in all patients (n = 207) by TaqMan 5' nuclease assay. In a subset of patients(n = 59) blood sample was collected at baseline and 2 months for ADA estimation by ELISA. Ethical approval and written informed consent was taken. Oral MTX was initiated at dose of 15mg/week, escalated 5mg every month till the patients had DAS28 &amp;lt; 2.6 or a maximum dose of 25 mg/week was reached. At 4 months based on EULAR response patients were classified as responders or non-responders. Using a Chi-squared test, SNPs were associated with response to methotrexate therapy. Baseline clinical parameters and serum ADA levels were correlated with EULAR response. Results Among 207 patients (177females) mean age was 41.49± 12.14 years and median disease duration 24 (40) months.172 patients (83.1%) were responders and 35 (16.9%) non-responders. 197 (95.16%) patients were seropositive (RF and/or ACCP+). With regard to SNP in ADA gene,47.8% were AA,42.5% AG and 9.7% were GG genotype. Mean DAS 28 CRP was 4.76 ± 1.05 and median DAS 28 ESR was 6.00 (1.38). Mean serum baseline ADA was 10.82 ±5.33 pg/dl. Except DAS28ESR (p = 0.02), other baseline parameters like age, disease duration, ESR, CRP, DAS 28 CRP were similar between responders and non-responders. SNPs in ADA gene were not associated with EULAR response (p = 0.475). Baseline ADA levels (10.52 ± 5.37 vs 12.28 ± 5.14; p = 0.34) 2 month ADA levels (p = 0.34) and change in ADA level from baseline at 2 months, i.e. delta ADA (p = 0.55) did not show any association with MTX response. Mean ADA level was similar between the 3 genotypes of ADA(p = 0.736) Comparison of parameters between methotrexate responders and non-responders Conclusion ADA gene polymorphism and serum ADA levels do not affect response to methotrexate. Disclosures H. Gangadharan Nair: Grants/research support; Indian Rheumatology Association Research grant. A. Singh: None. S. Majumder None. A. Aggarwal None.

Diagnostic Value of Interferon-Gamma Release Assays Combined with Multiple Indicators for Tuberculous Peritonitis.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of interferon-gamma release assays combined with multiple indicators for tuberculous peritonitis. Methods Patients who were admitted to the hospital due to suspected tuberculous peritonitis were prospectively included during the 30-month study period. Moreover, healthy individuals were recruited and included in the control group. All the study participants were assessed using various indexes, such as interferon-gamma release assays. Results A total of 180 patients with suspected tuberculous peritonitis were enrolled, and 24 were excluded. 73 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis were included in the tuberculous peritonitis group, 83 patients with other diseases in the other-disease control group, and 52 healthy individuals in the control group. Moreover, 83 patients in the other-disease control group and 52 participants in the control group were identified as 135 nontuberculous peritonitis patients. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve for the QuantiFERON-TB test was 0.851 (95% confidence interval: 0.799–0.903), and the optimal cutoff value was 0.55 IU/mL, which corresponds to a sensitivity and specificity of 86.30% and 80.00%, respectively. The receiver operating characteristic curves for the combination of the QuantiFERON-TB test and the use of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum adenosine deaminase level, serum cancer antigen 125 level, and hypersensitive C-reactive protein level had an area under the curve of 0.859 (95% confidence interval: 0.809–0.909), with a sensitivity and specificity of 97.26% and 62.96%, respectively. Conclusions The combined use of the QuantiFERON-TB test and multiple indexes can significantly improve the accuracy of diagnosing tuberculous peritonitis.

STUDY OF SERUM ADENOSINE DEAMINASE ACTIVITY IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND ITS CORRELATION WITH SERUM URIC ACID AND GLYCATED HEMOGLOBIN.

Background &amp; Objectives:&#x0D; Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute or relative deficiency of insulin and insulin resistance or both. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is an enzyme, that catalyses the irreversible hydrolytic deamination of adenosine to uric acid. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the level of serum ADA, serum uric acid and correlate it with Blood Sugar Fasting and Glycated Hemoglobin in patients of Type 2 DM.&#x0D; Material and Methods: A total of 100 patients diagnosed for type 2 DM visiting the Outpatient Department of General Medicine and Endocrinology at Mahatma Gandhi Medical College &amp; Hospital, Jaipur were enrolled for the study based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Blood samples were collected for all enrolled patients and analysed for the investigations like Serum BSF, HbA1c Serum ADA and serum Uric acid.&#x0D; Results: In the study, all the parameters BSF, mean HbA1c, serum ADA and serum uric acid level were significantly higher in diabetic group in comparison to control group (p=0.000). The diabetic group were further subdivided on the basis of HbA1c levels, HbA1c ≤ 8% as good glycemic control and HbA1c &gt; 8% as poor glycemic control. BSF, mean HbA1c, serum ADA and serum uric acid levels were observed to be significantly higher in poor glycemic control group as compared to that of good glycemic control. A significant positive correlation between S. ADA and HbA1c activity (r= 0.388) and between S. ADA and serum uric acid was also seen (r=0.252).&#x0D; Conclusion: From the present study, it is concluded that there is an increase in serum ADA levels and serum uric acid level with increase in Glycated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c &gt; 8%). Increase in serum ADA level was found to be associated with increase in Glycated hemoglobin levels which may play an important role in determining the glycemic status in diabetes. Further, increase in serum uric acid in levels could be due to increased activity of ADA, an enzyme that convert adenosine to uric acid. Hence, by analysing ADA levels and uric acid level in diabetes, glycemic control and insulin resistance can be assessed.&#x0D;

Changes of serum adenosine deaminase level in new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis before and after intensive phase treatment.

Background and Objectives:Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a public health crisis with an estimated 10 million people developing TB disease in 2017. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) level in serum and pleural fluid as a biomarker may be used to diagnose pulmonary TB (PTB), but it is not always easy to obtain those samples at the end of treatment. This study was conducted to analyze the changes of serum ADA level in the new case of PTB patients with acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear-positive sputum and sputum conversion status as treatment monitoring in PTB patients.Materials and Methods:This was a prospective observational analytic study conducted in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, from January 2018 to May 2018. Participants were all new cases of PTB patients with AFB smear-positive sputum, and a positive rapid molecular test for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Blood serums were taken at the same time on the 1st day of TB treatment and also taken at the end of intensive phase treatment to analyze the changes of serum ADA level.Results:There were 26 TB patients and 26 healthy control people. Serum ADA level at the beginning of TB treatment was higher than the level at the end of intensive phase treatment. There was a significant difference between serum ADA level before and after the intensive phase of TB treatment (P < 0.001).Conclusions:The examination of serum ADA levels can be used to evaluate the PTB treatment response.

Evaluation of adenosine deaminase activity in serum of cattle and buffaloes in the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis

Background and Aim:Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a chronic bacterial disease of cattle caused by Mycobacterium bovis. bTB causes severe economic losses resulting from livestock deaths, chronic disease, and trade restrictions. Determination of serum levels of adenosine deaminase (ADA), an enzyme produced by monocytes/macrophages and lymphocytes, has been used in the diagnosis of human TB. This study aimed to evaluate the role of ADA enzyme activity in the diagnosis of bTB.Materials and Methods:In this study, a total of 100 animals (cattle and buffaloes) were screened for bTB by comparative intradermal tuberculin test (CITT) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) test and in serum samples obtained from 100 screened animals, ADA seric activity was evaluated using ADA-MTB kit procured from Tulip Diagnostics.Results:A total of 18 animals were positive TB reactors by CITT, 8 were positive by IFN-γ, and 4 animals were positive by both CITT and IFN-γ. The average ADA value of bTB-positive animals either by CITT, IFN-γ, or both CITT and IFN-γ was 12.55 U/L, 14.8 U/L, and 18.36 U/L, respectively, in CID negative, it was 10.57 U/L and in IFN-γ negative, it was 10.59 U/L.Conclusion:The average ADA value of bTB-positive animals positive either by CITT, IFN-γ, or both CITT and IFN-γ was more than the average ADA value in animals negative for bTB by either of the tests.

Role of Adenosine Deaminase in Patients with Erythematotelangiectatic Rosacea and Demodex folliculorum Positivity.

Background:Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is an aminohydrolase involved in the catabolism of purine nucleotides and irreversibly deaminizes adenosine and deoxyadenosine to inosine and deoxyinosine. ADA enzyme deficiency results in the loss of functional properties of B and T lymphocytes. Demodex species have been reported to be transmitted between humans through close contact and to play a role in the pathogenesis of rosacea, acne vulgaris, perioral dermatitis, seborrhoeic dermatitis, micropapillary-pruritic dermatitis and blepharitis. The present study aimed to compare serum ADA levels in D. folliculorum positive patients with the healthy control individuals.Methods:Serum ADA levels were examined for 30 patients diagnosed with erythematotelangiectatic rosacea and 40 healthy individuals in Malatya Inonu University in 2017. Standardized skin surface biopsy (SSSB) method was used to diagnose D. folliculorum. A significant decrease was found in the ADA levels of Demodex-positive rosacea patients when compared to the control group.Results:ADA levels were decreased in the Demodex-positive group. The mean ADA level in patient group was significantly lower than the mean in the control group (P<0.001). There was no significant difference between the patient and control groups in terms of age and gender.Conclusion:During and after treatment of Demodex-positive rosacea patients, determination of ADA levels may give more detailed information on the immune mechanisms.

Adenosine Deaminase as a Useful Biomarker for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multifactorial immunologically mediated disorder characterized by repeated cycles of exacerbations and remissions. Diagnosis and monitoring of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) as common types of IBD require the usage of unpleasant invasive methods such as colonoscopy and cross-sectional imaging. Development of a non-invasive biomarker panel including different inflammatory parameters for evaluation of various aspects of gut inflammation and disease course is a priority task. In addition to the well-known inflammatory markers serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and fecal calprotectin (FC), adenosine deaminase (ADA) could be a promising candidate-biomarker. ADA has been shown to increase in several inflammatory conditions, but little is known about its significance in IBD. This preliminary research aims to study the serum levels of ADA in IBD patients and to evaluate its ability to adequately reflect the gut inflammatory process. Fifty-four IBD patients (40 with UC and 14 with CD) and 50 controls were enrolled in the study. Routine laboratory parameters such as white blood cells (WBC) count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and CRP were used. The specific biomarker for intestinal inflammation FC was measured by sandwich immunoassay (BÜHLMANN) and ADA activity - by two-step enzyme method (BioSystems). The median [IQR: 25th - 75th percentile] ADA values in IBD patients were significantly higher than those in the controls (18.7 U/L [15.4 - 22.5] vs. 9.10 U/L [7.1 - 11.2] respectively; p < 0.0001). A significant difference was obtained when comparing median ADA values in patients with active disease (20.4 [17.8 - 25.3] U/L) with those in patients with mild form of the disease or in remission (15.3 [13.0 - 16.0]; p < 0.0001). A strong positive correlation between ADA and FC (r = 0.63; p < 0.0001) and moderate positive correlation between ADA and CRP (r = 0.46; p < 0.001) were observed. ROC-curve analysis revealed good ability of ADA to discriminate not only IBD patients from healthy individuals, but also patients with active disease and those in remission/mild form. The present study revealed that ADA levels were significantly increased in IBD patients. Together with FC and CRP, ADA could be used as an effective biomarker for assessment of intestinal inflammation and as a potential indicator for disease activity.

Serum adenosine deaminase and tuberculin skin test in children with tuberculosis contact

Background: The tuberculin skin test (TST) is used in children who have been in contact with tuberculosis (TB). The test has limitations in terms of operator variability and the need for a second visit at 48–72 h for interpretation. Serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) was studied in adults and found to have a strong correlation with TST. Until now no data are available in the pediatric population. Objective: To examine the correlation between serum ADA and the TST in children who had been in contact with TB. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted at Songklanagarind Hospital in southern Thailand among children aged 2–15 years with a history of contact TB between 2016 and 2018. Serum ADA was obtained before performing the TST. Children with active TB disease were excluded from the analysis. Results: Sixty-seven children were enrolled. The serum ADA ranged from 9.3–43 IU/L. The overall correlation between serum ADA and TST was poor (ρ = −0.03, P = 0.84). However, a subgroup analysis excluding 32 children with TST size 0 mm and a high variation of serum ADA (10–37.6 IU/L) found that in the remaining children, serum ADA and TST had a moderate correlation with statistical significance (ρ = 0.48, P = 0.004). Conclusions: The correlation between serum ADA and TST in contact TB pediatric patients was poor. The cause of low correlation was due to a high variability of serum ADA level in children who had no reaction to TST.

A STUDY ON THE CORRELATION OF ADENOSINE DEAMINASE AND GLYCATED HAEMOGLOBIN IN THE PATIENTS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.

Background &amp; Objectives: Adenosine modulates insulin action on various tissues and its concentration in tissues is affected by Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) levels. ADA is an enzyme involved in purine metabolism and is considered to be a marker of T cell activation. Immunological disturbances in type 2 diabetic individuals have an association with cell mediated responses and inappropriate T-lymphocyte function. Hence, the study was undertaken to determine the levels of Serum ADA activity in patients of type 2 DM and its correlation with parameters of glycemic profile such as Fasting blood sugar (FBS) and Glycated Haemoglobin.&#x0D; Material and Methods- A total of 100 patients diagnosed for type 2 DM visiting the Outpatient Department of General Medicine and Endocrinology at Mahatma Gandhi Medical College &amp; Hospital, Jaipur were enrolled for the study based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Blood samples were collected for all enrolled patients and analysed for the investigations like Serum BSF, HbA1c and Serum ADA.&#x0D; Results- In the study, BSF, mean HbA1c and serum ADA level was significantly higher in diabetic group in comparison to control group (p=0.000). The diabetic group was subdivided on the basis of HbA1c levels, HbA1c ≤ 8% as good glycemic control and HbA1c &gt; 8% as poor glycemic control. BSF, mean HbA1c and serum ADA levels were observed to be significantly higher in poor glycemic control group as compared to that of good glycemic control. A significant positive correlation between S. ADA and HbA1c activity was also seen (r= 0.388).&#x0D; Conclusion- Increased ADA level can be used to determine the glycemic status in the patients of type 2 DM and serve as a marker for insulin resistance. Hence, by analysing ADA levels in diabetes, glycemic control and insulin resistance can be assessed. Raised ADA levels can be an early indicator of progressive diabetic change and help to take preventive measures for the development of diabetic complication and thereby improving the outcome of the disease.&#x0D; Keywords- Diabetes Mellitus, Adenosine Deaminase, Glycated haemoglobin

EVALUATION OF SERUM ADENOSINE DEAMINASE LEVEL IN CORRELATION TO THE ACTIVITY OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by recurrent inflammation and ulcerations of colonic mucosa causing frequent episodes of bleeding per rectum. The diagnosis of UC is best made with colonoscopy and mucosal biopsy for histopathology. Noninvasive tests, including C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), white blood cells (WBC), fecal calprotectin are being widely recognized , both for initial diagnosis and for accurately monitoring disease activity in UC. Objective: Evaluation of the level of serum adenosine deaminase in correlation to the activity of Ulcerative colitis. Patient and Methods: In this Prospective study evaluation the level of serum adenosine deaminase in correlation to the activity of UC was done in 80 patients. They were divided into 3 groups, Group I: 30 patients confirmed and well known cases of ulcerative colitis (by colonoscopy and histopathological examination), during remission state. Group II: 30 patients confirmed and well known cases of ulcerative colitis (by colonoscopy and histopathological examination), during exacerbation state (activity state). Group III: 20 patients with colonic manifestations other than ulcerative colitis. Results: The current study showed that ADA, the cut-off was 9.32 U/L to differentiate between exacerbation and remission states with sensitivity of 82.3%, specificity of 84.5%. Conclusion: Serum ADA is more accurate than CRP, WBCs and ESR to differentiate between exacerbation and remission states of UC.

EVALUATION OF SERUM ADENOSINE DEAMINASE LEVEL IN CORRELATION TO THE ACTIVITY OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by recurrent inflammation and ulcerations of colonic mucosa causing frequent episodes of bleeding per rectum. The diagnosis of UC is best made with colonoscopy and mucosal biopsy for histopathology. Noninvasive tests, including C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), white blood cells (WBC), fecal calprotectin are being widely recognized , both for initial diagnosis and for accurately monitoring disease activity in UC. Objective: Evaluation of the level of serum adenosine deaminase in correlation to the activity of Ulcerative colitis. Patient and Methods: In this Prospective study evaluation the level of serum adenosine deaminase in correlation to the activity of UC was done in 80 patients. They were divided into 3 groups, Group I: 30 patients confirmed and well known cases of ulcerative colitis (by colonoscopy and histopathological examination), during remission state. Group II: 30 patients confirmed and well known cases of ulcerative colitis (by colonoscopy and histopathological examination), during exacerbation state (activity state). Group III: 20 patients with colonic manifestations other than ulcerative colitis. Results: The current study showed that ADA, the cut-off was 9.32 U/L to differentiate between exacerbation and remission states with sensitivity of 82.3%, specificity of 84.5%. Conclusion: Serum ADA is more accurate than CRP, WBCs and ESR to differentiate between exacerbation and remission states of UC.

Is adenosine deaminase level a predictive biochemical marker of type II diabetes mellitus in obese Indian subjects

Objective: To evaluate serum Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) levels in obese and non obese Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and compare it with healthy controls (obese and non obese). Materials and Methods: Total 100 subjects were included in the study. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) and ADA activity along with other routine biochemical parameters were determined in their serum. Based on their BMI and FBS level study subjects were divided into four groups: Control, Obese, Non obese T2DM and Obese T2DM. Results: ADA activity was significantly increased (P Conclusion: In this study we observed an increased ADA activity in obesity and T2DM. A close relation may be present between insulin resistance produced in obese subjects and diabetics. Therefore ADA could therefore be used in routine lab investigations, especially in obese patients as a predictive marker for assessing the development of insulin resistance and hence diabetes. Keywords: Diabesity, ADA, Obesity, Insulin resistance, Fasting blood sugar.

Diagnostic value of serum adenosine deaminase in Type 2 diabetic patients

Background: Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is suggested to modulate the bioactivity of insulin, but its clinical significance in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is not yet established. The present study was undertaken to evaluate serum ADA activity and serum uric acid levels in patients of Type 2 DM. Aim: To evaluate the serum ADA level and to correlate ADA levels with Blood Glucose, Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in Type-2 DM patients. Material and Method: It is a case control study. The subjects in this study were divided into 3 groups. Group I consisted of 50 normal healthy individuals who served as controls with no history of DM. Group II consisted of 50 patients of Type 2 DM both males & females in the age group of 40-65 years on oral hypoglycemic drugs with HbA1c 7 %. Serum levels of fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, ADA and uric acid were estimated in all the subjects. Results: FBS, HbA1c, ADA and serum uric acid levels were found to be increased in the patients of Type 2 DM as compared with controls. Conclusion: It is concluded that there is an increase in serum ADA levels with increase in HbA1c levels. Serum uric acid levels increased with moderately increasing levels of HbA1c 7% (a bell-shaped relation).

Study of Serum Adenosine deaminase (ADA) level use as a prognostic and diagnostic tool for various Body Fluids analysis at M.Y.H. Indore

Study of Serum Adenosine deaminase (ADA) level use as a prognostic and diagnostic tool for various Body Fluids analysis at M.Y.H. Indore

Predictive value of serum adenosine deaminase levels in prospect of tubercular infections

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is well-known public health problem with one-fifth of global burden in India. Even though there are diagnostic and prognostic markers for TB, there is further need to study and understand the role of adenosine deaminase (ADA) in different forms of TB for its rapid control. The present study is conducted to ascertain the role of biochemical enzymatic marker, i.e., ADA in different forms of TB and in Bacillus Calmette–Guerin-vaccinated healthy controls. The aim is to study the role of ADA in different forms of TB compared with healthy controls. This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients attending outpatient department under a district tuberculosis center. Methods: A total 100 participants 25 in each study group and 25 in healthy control were enrolled. After taking sociodemographic profile and detailed history, serum levels of ADA were assessed and compared within study groups. Difference in level of ADA among different study groups was evaluated using the Kruskal–Wallis test. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was done to identify the cutoff values for ADA that has maximum sensitivity and specificity. Results: Of total 100 enrolled participants, 53 were males and 47 were females belonging to the age group range of 16–65 years. Among 75 participants who had TB, 68% had pulmonary and 32% had extrapulmonary TB. Levels of serum ADA were found to be significantly higher in relapse TB, fresh TB, and those on anti-TB treatment compared to healthy controls. Conclusions: Serum ADA levels may serve as prognostic markers in TB.