Seroprevalence Of Brucellosis In Cattle Research Articles

Seroprevalence and risk factors for brucellosis in cattle and rodents in Kilosa district, Morogoro, Tanzania

Background: Brucellosis is a global zoonosis caused by gram-negative bacteria that affects a diverse array of hosts including humans, domestic animals as well as wild animals such as cattle (B. abortus), goats, and sheep (B. melitensis), pigs (B. suis), and rodents (B. neotomae), and results in financial setbacks in the livestock industry. This study aimed to identify risk factors and estimate the seroprevalence of brucellosis in cattle and rodents in Kilosa district, Tanzania. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2023 to March 2023, cattle were randomly selected and rodents were trapped using Sherman, wire cages, and havahart traps. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein and heart of the cattle and rodents, respectively. Sera were harvested from the collected blood and stored at – 20 ºC. All the sera were screened for brucella antibodies using the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and confirmed by competitive Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (c-ELISA). The risk factors were captured using a structured questionnaire and analyzed by computing the Chi-square test and generalized linear model. Results: The seroprevalence of brucellosis was found to be 5.31% in cattle (95% CI: 0.0286-0.089) and 0.72% in rodents (95% CI: 0.0002-0.0397). A significant association was observed between grazing style and brucellosis seropositivity in cattle, with cattle that grazed together with sheep and goats having significantly higher odds of seropositivity (OR=6.5; 95% CI: 1.74-42.17, **p < 0.01). Conclusion: The detection of Brucella antibodies in both species indicates ongoing transmission and potential risk to public health. Our findings suggest that rodents may serve as reservoirs of brucellosis, contributing to its persistence and spread. Further research is essential to characterize the specific brucella species circulating among cattle and rodents and to understand the dynamics of interspecies transmission.

Seroprevalence of Brucellosis in Cattle of Rupandehi District, Nepal

Brucellosis is a contagious zoonotic disease affecting both cattle and humans, with notable economic and public health implications in Nepal. Despite previous studies indicating varying prevalence rates in different regions of the country, there is limited recent data on the status of Brucellosis in Rupandehi district. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Rupandehi district, Nepal, from 1st July to 30th September 2023. A total of 141 cattle blood samples from 92 farms were collected and tested using ID Screen® Brucellosis Indirect ELISA kits. Epidemiological survey was also conducted to gather information on risk factors associated with Brucellosis. All 141 blood samples were tested negative for Brucellosis, resulting in a seroprevalence rate of 0%. This study provides valuable data indicating a zero prevalence of Brucellosis in cattle of Rupandehi district, Nepal. This research doesn’t show any association for the prevalence of Brucellosis regarding the risk factor.

Seroprevalence of brucellosis in cattle in Shekhawati region, Rajasthan

Seroprevalence of brucellosis in cattle in Shekhawati region, Rajasthan

Sero-prevalence of Brucellosis in Cattle and Related Human Population in District Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Brucellosis is one of the most widespread and contagious bacterial zoonotic diseases in the world posing a major threat to human health and animal husbandry. Sero-prevalence of brucellosis was investigated in District Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A total of 886 blood samples were collected from animals (n=484) and humans (n=402). A total of 58 (11.98%) animal samples and human samples 25 (6.21%) were found positive for Brucellosis. The seropositive percentage was higher in buffaloes (12.02%) than in cows 7/60 (11.66%). In buffaloes, more females (12.07%) were found infected with brucellosis as compared to males (11.62%). Similarly, female cows showed higher seropositivity (13.20%) than male cows (0). The highest seroprevalence (19.23%) was observed in the age group 6–8 years. Seropositive animals with a history of previous abortion were (77.77%) while seropositive animals with no abortion history were (6.69%). In humans, prevalence percentage was greater in males (6.94%) than in females (5.81%). The age group 37-48 years showed the highest seroprevalence (9.91%). Aborted females showed higher seropositivity (45%) as compared to non-aborted females (2.52%). Sero-prevalence was recorded in 6.38% of individuals with animal contact and in 3.84% of individuals with no animal contact. Raw milk consumers (6.46%) and non-consumers (3.22%) were also found positive for Brucellosis. Different risk factors that may influence the prevalence of Brucellosis need to be considered for the control of the disease and to minimize its spreading in the population.

Systematic review and meta-analysis on brucellosis seroprevalence in ruminants (1970 – 2020) of India

Brucellosis is one of the most common contagious and neglected bacterial zoonotic diseases. The disease has been reported in ruminants in almost all Indian states. But there is a lack of comprehensive information on the seroprevalence of brucellosis in the Indian subcontinent. A systematic review and meta-analysis on the seroprevalence of brucellosis among ruminants of India was conducted from the published articles (January 1970 - June 2020) by including 172 studies screened from 567 publications. The estimated brucellosis seroprevalence of cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, yak and mithun was 14% (95% CI: 12% - 16%), 8% (95% CI: 6% - 9%), 8% (95% CI: 7% - 10%), 8% (95% CI: 7% - 9%), 16% (95% CI: 7% - 28%) and 26% (95% CI: 12% - 42%), respectively. Sub-group analysiswas performed based on diagnostic tests, regions, publication year, and sample size. The estimated seroprevalence of brucellosis in cattle and goats was found to be higher in the central region compared to other regions. Similarly, the western region showed a higher seroprevalence for brucellosis in buffalo and sheep. Given the estimated animal population of 2021, the meta-analysis estimated that the total number of seropositive animals would be 26.95 million cattle (95% CI: 23.09–30.78), 8.78 million buffaloes (95% CI: 6.59–9.89), 5.94 million sheep (95% CI: 5.20–7.43), 11.91 million goats (95% CI: 10.42–13.40), 9.6 thousand yaks (95% CI: 0.0042–0.0168), and 100 thousand mithun (95% CI: 0.05–0.16). Further, the comprehensive picture of the brucellosis seroprevalence may help the decisionmaking authorities in formulating better prevention and control strategies for brucellosis in India.

Systematic review and meta-analysis on brucellosis seroprevalence in ruminants (1970 – 2020) of India

Brucellosis is one of the most common contagious and neglected bacterial zoonotic diseases. The disease has been reported in ruminants in almost all Indian states. But there is a lack of comprehensive information on the seroprevalence of brucellosis in the Indian subcontinent. A systematic review and meta-analysis on the seroprevalence of brucellosis among ruminants of India was conducted from the published articles (January 1970 - June 2020) by including 172 studies screened from 567 publications. The estimated brucellosis seroprevalence of cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, yak and mithun was 14% (95% CI: 12% - 16%), 8% (95% CI: 6% - 9%), 8% (95% CI: 7% - 10%), 8% (95% CI: 7% - 9%), 16% (95% CI: 7% - 28%) and 26% (95% CI: 12% - 42%), respectively. Sub-group analysiswas performed based on diagnostic tests, regions, publication year, and sample size. The estimated seroprevalence of brucellosis in cattle and goats was found to be higher in the central region compared to other regions. Similarly, the western region showed a higher seroprevalence for brucellosis in buffalo and sheep. Given the estimated animal population of 2021, the meta-analysis estimated that the total number of seropositive animals would be 26.95 million cattle (95% CI: 23.09–30.78), 8.78 million buffaloes (95% CI: 6.59–9.89), 5.94 million sheep (95% CI: 5.20–7.43), 11.91 million goats (95% CI: 10.42–13.40), 9.6 thousand yaks (95% CI: 0.0042–0.0168), and 100 thousand mithun (95% CI: 0.05–0.16). Further, the comprehensive picture of the brucellosis seroprevalence may help the decisionmaking authorities in formulating better prevention and control strategies for brucellosis in India.

Seroprevalence of brucellosis in cattle in abia state

Bovine brucellosis caused by the organism Brucella abortus is a chronic infectious disease of public health and economic significance. Studies on prevalence of bovine brucellosis in Abia State are scarce. Therefore, a cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of bovine brucellosis in the State. Blood samples were collected from 212 cattle from various parts of the State and sera subjected to Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) to detect antibodies against Brucella. Overall sero-prevalence of 13.7% was reported. The prevalence was higher in female cattle (24.2%) than in males (11%). Red Bororo showed higher seropositivity (26.7%) than other breeds screened. Sero-prevalence was higher in the semi-intensively managed animals (27.8%) than in extensively reared cattle. Similarly, cattle aged 2 to 3 years recorded a higher prevalence (25%) than others. However, there was no statistically significant association between the seroprevalence of brucellosis and sex (P= 0.05), age (P=0.82), breed (P=0.25), and management system (P=0.07 ). The detection of brucellosis in cattle poses a very significant public health risk in Abia state, and so it is important to carry out awareness campaigns to enlighten cattle handlers and the general public of its public health significance.

Seroprevalence of Brucellosis in Cattle in Abia State

Bovine brucellosis caused by the organism Brucella abortus is a chronic infectious disease of public health and economic significance. Studies on prevalence of bovine brucellosis in Abia State are scarce. Therefore, a cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of bovine brucellosis in the State. Blood samples were collected from 212 cattle from various parts of the State and sera subjected to Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) to detect antibodies against Brucella. Overall sero-prevalence of 13.7% was reported. The prevalence was higher in female cattle (24.2%) than in males (11%). Red Bororo showed higher seropositivity (26.7%) than other breeds screened. Sero-prevalence was higher in the semi-intensively managed animals (27.8%) than in extensively reared cattle. Similarly, cattle aged 2 to 3 years recorded a higher prevalence (25%) than others. However, there was no statistically significant association between the seroprevalence of brucellosis and age (P=0.82)/ breed (P=0.25), while a significant association was recorded for seroprevalence of brucellosis and sex (P= 0.05)/ management system (P=0.07). The detection of brucellosis in cattle poses a very significant public health risk in Abia state, and so it is important to carry out awareness campaigns to enlighten cattle handlers and the general public of its public health significance.

Seroprevalence of Brucellosis in cattle of Swat Valley Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan

Seroprevalence of Brucellosis in cattle of Swat Valley Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan

Seroprevalence of Brucellosis in cattle of Swat Valley Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan

Brucellosis has been an emerging, zoonotic disease that is associated with chronic debilitating infections in humans and reproductive failure in domestic animals. The aim of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of brucellosis in samples collected from cattle in Swat valley based on the Rose Bengal precipitation test (RBPT), milk ring test (MRT), and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (i-ELISA for both milk and serum). A total number 0f 310 samples were processed during the study which consists of 200 serum samples and 110 milk samples. The 200 serum samples were collected from male and female cattle (n=11and n=189).The RBPT and i-ELISA (serum) detected antibodies against B.abortus showed 1.587%, 2.12% in females through both tests respectively, and 0.0% in males on both techniques. The milk samples (n=110) detected B.abortus antibodies 0.9%, 1.82% through MRT and i-ELISA (milk) respectively. The comparative efficacy of MRT and i-ELISA (milk) was also analyzed statistically by z-test, the data revealed insignificant results (p= 0.561) also statistical analysis of RBPT and i-ELISA (serum) findings showed insignificant results (p= 0.703) therefore both results are higher than the significant level (0.05). Keywords: brucellosis; ELISA; Milk ring test; Rose Bengal plate test; Sero-prevalence http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2021.100149

Sero-prevalence of brucellosis in cattle at Dhamar governorate, Yemen

Introduction: Brucellosis is one of the common zoonotic diseases that leading to the extensive economic losses throughout the world. Control and eradication of this disease depends mainly on the early detection. Aims: The present work was achieved between March and September 2016 as a cross-sectional study to determine the sero-prevalence of brucellosis in cattle. Materials and Methods: Three hundred eighty four sera samples which including 359 females and 25 males were collected randomly from unvaccinated cattle, in twelve different regions at Dhamar governorate in Yemen. All sera samples screened for cattle brucellosis using RBT and the positive samples reconfirmed using I-ELISA. A structured questionnaire used to collect epidemiological data that analyzed using SAS program. Results and Discussion: The sero-prevalence of cattle brucellosis was 0.26%. No significant association (P?0.05) between prevalence of cattle brucellosis and region (2.8%), age (3.22%), sex (0.27%) and breed (0.26%) was determined. Conclusion: Study findings showed a low prevalence of cattle brucellosis in Dhamar governorate. Although, the current work form a baseline data for more study of cattle brucellosis, and start point for its control in Yemen. Keywords: Brucellosis, Cattle, Dhamar Governorate, RBT, I-ELISA, Sero-prevalence, Yemen.

Seroprevalence of Brucellosis in Cattle (Bos Taurus) Kept in Peri Urban Areas of Pakistan

Seroprevalence of Brucellosis in Cattle (Bos Taurus) Kept in Peri Urban Areas of Pakistan

English

Brucellosis is one of the most widespread zoonotic diseases posing a serious obstacle to public health, food safety and security and, socio-economic development in most African countries. A cross-sectional study was conducted to establish practices that may pose occupational risks of transmission of brucellosis to people working in abattoirs in Tanzania. A total of 452 serum samples; 190, 200 and 62 from cattle, goats and human, respectively were collected in animals and workers at Dodoma abattoir, Tanzania. The samples were screened for brucellosis using Rose Bengal Plate test (RBPT) and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA). A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data for assessing the knowledge, awareness and practices related to brucellosis exposure. Data were analyzed to determine the association of brucellosis seropositivity with the knowledge, awareness and practices of the workers. The seroprevalence of brucellosis in cattle, goats and abattoir workers was 7.3, 1.5 and 1.6%, respectively based on Rose Bengal Plate Test. The seroprevalence was 4.7% in cattle, 1.6% in humans and none in goats when samples were tested by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results of this study show that, there is a potential occupational risk of acquisition of brucellosis for abattoir workers and hence, the need for awareness campaigns and taking appropriate precautions to minimize the zoonotic risks is greatly required. Key words: Brucellosis, abattoir, occupational risk, Rose Bengal plate test, indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

The sero-prevalence of brucellosis in cattle and their herders in Bahr el Ghazal region, South Sudan.

BackgroundBrucellosis is a worldwide recognized bacterial zoonotic disease. There is currently no information on bovine brucellosis sero-prevalence in South Sudan regardless of the economic, social and public health impact on populations. Therefore, for the first time in 33 years, we report the sero-prevalence of brucellosis in cattle and their herders. Furthermore, we characterize the drivers associated with the disease at the human-animal interface in Bahr el Ghazal region, South Sudan.MethodsA total of 893 and 87 animal and human sera respectively were examined between December 2015 and May 2016. Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and Competitive Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (c-ELISA) were used in parallel to detect anti-Brucella antibodies. Questionnaires were administered to collect relevant metadata used for the association analysis in R version 3.2.3. Odds Ratio (OR) and Confidence Intervals (CI) were determined.ResultsOverall bovine brucellosis prevalence was 31% (95%CI = 28.0–34.2), with the highest 63% (95%CI = 53–70) and lowest 10% (95%CI = 4.5–20.1) prevalence estimates in Wau and Gogrial states respectively. The bovine sero-prevalence was approximately equally distributed among the male 30.4% (26.9–34.2) and the females 32.5% (26.8–38.7). Poor body condition (OR = 0.22; 95%CI = 0.07–0.54) and larger herd sizes (OR = 0.05; 95%CI = 0.008–0.173) were protective factors for brucellosis, while the opposite was true for the second (OR = 1.70; 95%CI = 1.08–2.67) and third (OR = 2.5; 95%CI = 1.46–4.47) lactation stage. The overall brucellosis sero-prevalence in herders was estimated at 33.3% (23.9–44.3).ConclusionWe report a high prevalence of anti-Brucella antibodies in cattle and their herders in Bahr el Ghazal, indicating an enzootic status in the cattle population being an important source of infection for humans. This represents a genuine public health challenge. Therefore, there is need to raise awareness and build capacity and infrastructure in this fragile state to underwrite future public health strategies for brucellosis.

Molecular Detection of Brucella spp. from Milk of Seronegative Cows from Some Selected Area in Bangladesh.

Brucellosis is endemic in Bangladesh both in humans and in animals. A number of reasons complicate the diagnosis, as bovine brucellosis can be diagnosed by various serological tests. But the tests have a limitation; when the organism remains intracellular, the disease goes into chronic stage and the antibody titres may decline. The present study was conducted for isolation and detection of Brucella spp. by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from seronegative cows. A total of 360 dairy cows from three geographical regions were screened serologically by Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) where 24 samples were serologically positive and the rest of the samples were serologically negative. Among the 24 seropositive individuals, 11 were culture positive and 6 were culture positive from serologically negative dairy cows. The overall seroprevalence of brucellosis in cattle was 6.6% and in disease condition a higher prevalence was recorded in abortion (28.07%) followed by infertility (13.33%). To confirm the Brucella spp. in seronegative dairy cattle, the isolates were extracted and PCR was conducted, which produced 905 bp amplicon size of 6 Brucella spp. from milk sample. So, for the detection or eradication of brucellosis, a bacteriological test and a PCR technique should be performed with the serological test of milk.

Seroprevalence of brucellosis in cattle slaughtered under state supervision in Itacoatiara , Amazonas

Seroprevalence of brucellosis in cattle slaughtered under state supervision in Itacoatiara , Amazonas

Seroprevalence of brucellosis in cattle and selected wildlife species at selected livestock/wildlife interface areas of the Gonarezhou National Park, Zimbabwe

A study was conducted to investigate seroprevalence and risk factors for Brucella species infection in cattle and some wildlife species in communities living at the periphery of the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Conservation Area in south eastern Zimbabwe. Three study sites were selected based on the type of livestock–wildlife interface: porous livestock–wildlife interface (unrestricted); non-porous livestock–wildlife interface (restricted by fencing); and livestock–wildlife non-interface (totally absent or control). Sera were collected from cattle aged≥2years representing both female and intact male animals. Sera were also collected from selected wild ungulates from Mabalauta (porous interface) and Chipinda (non-interface) areas of the Gonarezhou National Park. Samples were screened for Brucellaantibodies using the Rose Bengal plate test and confirmed by the complement fixation test. Data were analysed by descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression modelling. In cattle, brucellosis seroprevalence from all areas was 16.7% (169/1011; 95% CI: 14.5–19.2%). The porous interface recorded a significantly (p=0.03) higher seroprevalence (19.5%; 95% CI: 16.1–23.4%) compared to the non-interface area (13.0%; 95% CI: 9.2–19.9%).The odds of Brucellaseropositivity increased progressively with parity of animals and were also three times higher (OR=3.0, 2.0<OR<4.6, p<0.0001) in cows with history of abortion compared to those without.Brucella antibodies were detected in buffaloes; 20.7% (95% CI: 13.9–29.7%) form both study sites, but no antibodies were detected from impalas and kudus. These results highlight the importance of porous interface in the interspecies transmission of Brucella species and that independent infections may be maintained in buffalo populations. Thus, brucellosis control aimed at limiting animal inter-species mixing may help reduce the risk of human brucellosis in interface areas. Further studies should aim at establishing subspecies identity and direction of possible transmission of brucellosis between wildlife and livestock.

Sero-prevalence of Brucellosis in Cattle and Its Associated Risk Factors in North East India (Meghalaya)

Sero-prevalence of Brucellosis in Cattle and Its Associated Risk Factors in North East India (Meghalaya)

Seroprevalence Studies of Brucellosis at Organized and Unorganized Cattle Farms in North India

Brucellosis is a worldwide contagious and zoonotic bacterial infectious disease caused by Brucella. The aim of present study was therefore to establish the seroprevalence of brucellosis in cattle in North India and to know the exact causal species of Brucella organism. A total of 160 serum samples were analyzed. The seroprevalence of Brucellosis was 1.88 per cent and 3.13 per cent by Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and Standard Tube Agglutination Test (STAT), respectively. Seroprevalence was zero by both RBPT and STAT in organized dairy farm while in unorganized sector, 2.16 and 3.65 per cent by RBPT and STAT, respectively. Age-wise seroprevalence was higher in 4.5 to 6 years old cows than younger. Area-wise seroprevalence was higher in Satwari block of study area. On screening of 10 milk samples from serological positive and doubtful cows by milk ring test, two sample were positive (20%). On isolation of from samples, only one sample yielded Brucella abortus. The results showed that younger cattle were less infected than adults. Prevalence of Brucellosis was higher in Satwari block of Jammu province compared to other study area. The presence of Brucellosis in bovine may pose a significant economic loss to the farmer and a public health hazard to the general population.

Sero-Prevalence of Brucellosis in Cattle in Southern Area of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Sero-Prevalence of Brucellosis in Cattle in Southern Area of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan