Objective — to determine the impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on the progression of lymphomas induced by Epstein—Barr virus (EBV) in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Materials and methods. We analysed clinical-epidemiological, laboratory and serological indicators of 57 HIV-infected patients with clinically and laboratory-confirmed EBV co-infection. Patients were divided into two groups: the primary group consisted of 9 patients with lymphomas (66.7 % of whom received ART without concurrent chemotherapy with cytostatic antitumor agents, while the rest did not receive ART), and the control group included 48 patients without neoplasms. Results and discussion. To assess the effectiveness of ART in treating EBV-induced lymphomas, we analysed the general clinical, immunological and virological indicators of patients at the start of observation and after 6 months of therapy. In patients with EBV-associated lymphomas receiving ART, there was an increase in CD4+ lymphocytes, a decrease in HIV viral load, an increase in hemoglobin levels (p < 0.05), and a significant reduction in EBV viral load (p < 0.01). In patients with EBV-associated lymphomas who did not receive ART, there was a further decrease in CD4+ lymphocytes and an increase in EBV viral load. Two clinical cases are presented: in one, a patient received palliative chemotherapy according to the CHOP regimen but did not receive ART due to an absolute refusal because of poor drug tolerance; in the other case, the patient received ART without cytostatic antitumor drugs due to an absolute refusal. Conclusions. The study results established that the use of ART in patients with EBV-associated lymphomas not only improved the primary indicators characteristic of HIV but also significantly reduced the EBV viral load (p < 0.01). The dynamics of the main immunological and virological indicators in patients with EBV-associated lymphomas who did not receive ART were negative, as evidenced by the further decrease in CD4+ lymphocytes and an increase in EBV viral load. From the clinical cases presented, it can be concluded that the timely administration of ART to patients with EBV-associated lymphomas is a crucial therapeutic tool that not only facilitates positive immunological and virological changes in HIV infection but also affects the quality and duration of life in patients with EBV-associated lymphomas.