Sequential Explanatory Strategy Research Articles

Digital Media and Secondary Education Students: Inclusion or Exclusion?

Inclusion of students with marginalization tendencies has been one of the demands in the field of education over the last decades, but it remains unrealized. At the same time, our daily lives appear to have changed rapidly because of extensive use of digital media. This fact may have both positive and negative consequences. So, we were inspired to investigate the relationship between teenagers who may be marginalized and the use of digital media, as well as the degree to which they promote or prevent inclusion, by the foregoing considerations. We chose mixed methodological approach as the most appropriate. Specifically, sequential exploratory strategy was used to collect the data, while grounded theory was used for their analysis. The quantitative part sample consists of 600 Secondary Education students. Accordingly, the sample of the qualitative part of the research was 138 Secondary Education students. The survey was conducted over a period of three months (from October 2019 to December 2019). By completing the research project, we concluded that the use of digital media and especially the engagement of adolescent students who show marginalizing tendencies with social media, digital games and distance education leads to their inclusion.

The Economic Security of Households Affected by the COVID-19 Pandemic in Rural Java and Madura

Every facet of life, including health, social, and economic aspects, has undergone a tremendous transformation due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This condition is exacerbated by socioeconomic fragility and vulnerability amid economic uncertainty, with an enormous debt burden and inequality increasingly spreading to regions. Elements of society in Indonesia experience the problem of a lack of income and capital, in addition to vulnerability and helplessness. Social, economic, community–institutional, and resource vulnerabilities are inevitable; therefore, they must be identified, anticipated, and dealt with to avoid worsening. This research aims to identify the affected households and their economic resilience when facing the COVID-19 pandemic. A mixed approach with a sequential exploratory strategy was employed, whereby qualitative data were first collected and analyzed. Based on the findings of the first stage, quantitative data were obtained and examined in the second stage. This study was conducted in two rural locations with distinct characteristics: the Gunungkidul District on Java Island and the Bangkalan District on Madura Island. These findings demonstrate the economic resilience of households in Bangkalan and Gunungkidul. The factors that significantly influence economic resilience are household income, assets, and product availability in the market.

Scaling Access to Quality Tertiary Education Amidst Population Growth in Developing Countries

This paper sought to examine the scaling access to tertiary education amidst population growth in developing countries. The study employed the mixed method approach with sequential explanatory strategy design. Quantitatively, 100 respondents were sampled with saturation point used to determine participants for the qualitative phase of the study. Data were collected using interview guide and questionnaire. Data were analyzed quantitatively using descriptive statistics and qualitatively using thematic analysis. The study found that scaling access to tertiary education in developing countries were largely due to the availability of scholarship schemes, expansion in tertiary institutions, availability of online and distance education option. They study also found that tertiary education gives a lot of gains developing countries some of which include economic growth and development, social cohesion and cultural diversity, improved overall quality of life and encourages citizens’ participation in decision making and governance of their countries. The study therefore recommended the need to expand tertiary institutions, institute more scholarship schemes, tertiary institute charging moderate and affordable tuitions fees so as to open access to more individuals.

Effectiveness of MPhil in Public Administration Programme

The philosophical debate regarding the nature and scope of university education basically whether it is responsible to impart universal knowledge concentrating mainly in dissemination of knowledge than advancement of knowledge has been feathered out replacing by a significant role to be played by university for invention and innovation. In this context MPhil in public administration education program has been conducted by CDPA, TU with a view to advance the knowledge pertaining to public administration, policy and governance. It pays triggered attention to make students being able to conduct research activity independently in concerned areas which could contribute to heighten their competencies to compete in both global and Nepalese contexts. It seems ardent to know to usefulness of the context and content of the courses and enhancing the capacity of students in their work life situation. The objective of this paper is to explain the usefulness of the course content and institutional capacity of CDPA for conducting MPhil in public administration program effectively. For this, two hypotheses were constructed: usefulness of the course and contents; and institutional capacity of CDPA helps to enhance effectiveness of MPhil program. The mixed method of sequential explanatory strategy was adopted to conduct this research. Both the hypothesis has been tested based on chi square test in goodness of fit. The relationship between research variables is found to be positive. It is concluded that course and contents should be updated periodically and institutional capacity should be further strengthened. Thus, MPhil in public administration discipline has become vital for solving the problems of concerned areas.

How to Improve Healthy Environment in Urban School Climate (USC) by Communication Language Strategies? Arabic Based Communication Language and Statistic Description Analysis

The purpose of this research is to explain communication language factors to improve a healthy environment in an Urban School Climate (USC). This research also reviews the USC definition and why communication language is so important in improving a healthy environment in schools. The research method used was a mixed method with a sequential exploratory strategy approach, data collection was carried out by conducting interviews and distributing questionnaires via Google Forms to students in junior high schools, Bogor. Qualitative data analysis was carried out using the Miles and Huberman model and using of NVIVO 12 software, while quantitative data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistical analysis with the help of SPSS version 22.0. The research results show that communication language is important to improve a healthy environment in Urban School Climate (USC) which is described by 4 dimensions, namely 1) a safe environment, 2) teacher support, 3) individual social relationships and 4) family atmosphere. Arabic-based communication language styles, namely qaulan baligha, qaulan maysura, qaulan layyinan, qaulan ma'arufan and qaulan kariman can be used as communication language strategies to improve a healthy environment in schools. The impact of the results of this research is that teachers and students see the importance of using good communication language so that they are accustomed to using Arabic-based communication language styles to support the creation of a good USC characterized by a healthy environment.

The Implementation TPACK in Elementary School

Industrial Revolution 4.0 requires teachers to master technology to be integrated into learning. This research aims to analyze the application of Technology, Pedagogy, and Content Knowledge (TPACK) in the post-online learning process. This research is classified as descriptive qualitative research using mixed methods with a sequential exploratory strategy. The subjects involved in this research were 20 class teachers. The data collection used in this research is data collection through interviews, observation, and documentation. The instrument used to collect data for this research is a questionnaire. The data obtained from this research will be analyzed using inductive model analysis techniques. The research results show that in implementing TPACK, many teachers, especially older ones, still need help operating technology well. Apart from that, teachers have yet to be able to utilize technology to create new representations. The teacher only provides learning content based on students' books and several examples from Google and YouTube. Therefore, teachers need to understand aspects of TPACK. This research implies that all stakeholders will be able to realize the importance of ICT because using learning media using technology aims to develop a curriculum in schools to improve the quality of education.

Analysis of Elementary School Students’ Literacy Ability of Javanese Script Through the Use of Script Card Reviewed Based on Critical Thinking Skills

Javanese script is very important for students to learn and understand, because Javanese script is a local wisdom culture that must be preserved in order to protect the nation's language culture so that it does not become extinct through the use of regional languages such as the use of Javanese script as a means for carrying out verbal and written communication and as a cultural expression.The aims of this study were: (1) to analyze the increase in Javanese script literacy skills and (2) to describe the increase in Javanese script literacy in terms of critical thinking skills. This is mixed methods research with a sequential explanatory strategy. The research sample consisted of fifth-grade students from Tegalsari Public Elementary School and Mangkuyudan Public Elementary School. Data gathering was conducted through the utilisation of tests, interviews, and documentation. From the findings and deliberation, the researchers are able to deduce the subsequent conclusions: (1) The proficiency in Javanese script among fifth-grade students in elementary schools improves following the implementation of script media by teachers. (2) Proficiency in critical thinking is closely correlated with the ability to read and write in Javanese script. The amount of critical thinking skills accounts for 39.3% of the variation in students' literacy skills in Javanese script, leaving 60.7% to be attributed to other factors. Students who possess advanced proficiency in Javanese script literacy exhibit a pronounced inclination towards critical thinking. Students who possess a moderate level of proficiency in Javanese script literacy demonstrate either high or medium levels of critical thinking abilities. Students who possess limited proficiency in Javanese script exhibit either moderate or poor levels of critical thinking abilities. According to the findings of this study, the researchers suggest that teachers in primary schools utilise script cards in order to facilitate effective learning activities and enhance students' proficiency in Javanese script as well as their critical thinking abilities.

Software engineering practices for machine learning — Adoption, effects, and team assessment

Machine learning (ML) is extensively used in production-ready applications, calling for mature engineering techniques to ensure robust development, deployment and maintenance. Given the potential negative impact machine learning (ML) can have on people, society or the environment, engineering techniques that can ensure robustness against technical errors and adversarial attacks are of considerable importance. In this work, we investigate how teams of experts develop, deploy and maintain software with ML components. Moreover, we link what teams do to the effects they aim to achieve and provide means for improvement. Towards this goal, we performed a mixed-methods study with a sequential exploratory strategy. First, we performed a systematic literature review through which we mined both academic and grey literature, and compiled a catalogue of engineering practices for ML. Second, we validated this catalogue using a large-scale survey, which measured the degree of adoption of the practices and their perceived effects. Third, we ran validation interviews with practitioners to add depth to the survey results. The catalogue covers a broad range of practices for engineering software systems with ML components and for ensuring non-functional properties that fall under the umbrella of trustworthy ML, such as fairness, security or accountability. Here, we present the results of our study, which indicate, for example, that larger and more experienced teams tend to adopt more practices, but that trustworthiness practices tend to be neglected. Moreover, we show that the effects measured in our survey, such as team agility or accountability, can be predicted quite accurately from groups of practices. This allowed us to contrast the importance of the practices for these effects as well as adoption rates, revealing, for example, that widely adopted practices are, in reality, less important with respect to some effects. For instance, writing reusable scripts for data cleaning and merging is highly adopted, but has a limited impact on reproducibility. Overall, our study provides a quantitative assessment of ML engineering practices and their impact on desirable properties of software with ML components, by which we open multiple avenues for improving the adoption of useful practices.Editor’s note: Open Science material was validated by the Journal of Systems and Software Open Science Board.

21st CENTURY SKILLS PROFILE OF STUDENTS IN THE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY COURSE OF THE 2018 BIOLOGY EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM, MEDAN STATE UNIVERSITY

This research study aims to determine the 21st Century Skills Profile of students in the research methodology course for the 2018 Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Medan. This research was conducted in December-March 2021 in the Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, UNIMED. This study used a mixed descriptive method with a sequential explanatory strategy and a sampling technique, namely random sampling of 109 students. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive statistical analysis techniques for quantitative data and interactive analysis for qualitative data. Data were collected using a questionnaire and interview instruments. The results showed the 21st Century Skills Profile of students in the research methodology course for the 2018 Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Medan was included in the good criteria with a percentage of 77,81%.

Cognitive Presence in Blended Learning: An Investigation of Students’ Perceptions and Expectations

This study examines English students’ perceptions and expectations of the cognitive presence in a blended learning environment. It utilized the sequential explanatory strategy which combined the survey design and interview to obtain the data. The results indicate that students’ perceptions derived from experience are different from their expectations at some points. Few students take the initiative to prepare actively by reading more information related to the course or establishing learning goals. Additionally, students who do not prioritize preparation tend to depend solely on their teachers for course explanations. The findings suggest that self-regulation is critical to effective learning and that students need to explore and gather information themselves to succeed. Furthermore, students expect to search for relevant information online and participate in discussions to stimulate critical thinking and enrich their learning experience. These results can assist teachers and instructional designers in designing blended learning environments that promote students' cognitive presence and foster effective learning.

Establishment of a Zimbabwe National SME sector: a major priority to enhance the performance of the national economy

A sound administration strategy is an effective tool to improve the performance SMEs. The establishment of a national SME sector will assist in the implementation, monitoring and evaluation of programmes that aim to improve the performance of SMEs. The administration of the SMEs by the Ministry of Women affairs, Community and Small and Medium Enterprises Development has failed to improve the performance of SMEs. This study established that the administration of SMEs by the ministry lacks value addition and value creation, technological innovation and research and development and it is disjointed from the implementers, hence the need to establish a new Zimbabwe National SME sector which can improve the performance of SMEs. The mixed method research was used in the study following the sequential exploratory strategy which employed both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. The study followed the dominant sequential mixed strategy which collected data in two phases. The findings of the study will assist the government to establish a new SME sector that will address the plight of the SMEs. From the study, the researcher deduces that the ministry responsible for SMEs is overwhelmed with responsibilities and is not reaching out to the SMEs. The researcher proposed the structure of a new Zimbabwe National SME sector that focusses on the improvement of SME performance.

Effectiveness And Strategies Hotel’s Tax Problems In Baubau City

This study attempts to explain the problem of hotel tax in Indonesia especially in Baubau City. With a mixed research design. Sequential explanatory strategy type. To determine the effect of hotel tax effectiveness on local revenue (PAD) in Baubau City, this study used a quantitative design with a survey using a correlation approach. Meanwhile, to find out the strategy to increase hotel taxes using a qualitative design. The results of this study found that only a 2.52% increase in Baubau City's PAD in 2018-2020 was influenced by hotel tax effectiveness. The tax increase strategy carried out both intensification and extensification by the Baubau City BPKAD has many weaknesses so that it has an impact on many obstacles to efforts to increase taxes. No strategy changes have been made to increase hotel tax revenues, including in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic

Problem-Solving Skills Viewed from Students’ Learning Style in Problem-Based Learning Assisted by Assemblr Based Javanese Culture Augmented Reality

Problem-solving skills are one of the core skills in mathematics learning; this skill helps the student be an effective problem solver. Conditions in the field show that the problem-solving skills of Indonesian students are currently low. This study aims to know the improvement of problem-solving skills and the description of that skill in terms of learning styles in problem-based learning assisted by Assemblr based on Javanese culture augmented reality. The research method used was a mixed method with a sequential explanatory strategy. Data collection techniques included tests, questionnaires, and interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed through statistical tests and groupings of student learning styles. Qualitative data analysis was carried out through data collection, reduction, presentation, conclusions, and triangulation techniques. This study used a one-group pretest-posttest design with a random sampling technique, and research subjects was selected by purposive sampling based on learning styles. Results show that there are no students with an auditory learning style. Students’ problem-solving skills increased with the n-gain score, which is 0.5 in the moderate category. In terms of learning styles based on Polya’s stages, show that students' problem-solving skills with visual, kinesthetic, and visual-kinesthetic styles are quite good. Students can understand problems, formulate problem-solving plans, and carry out formulations, but students with visual and kinesthetic learning styles are still not careful in calculations and re-checking answers, while students with visual-kinesthetic learning styles do not re-check their answers. Further research is expected to examine all learning styles, including auditory learning styles.

Mental Emotional Disorders and Coping Strategies of University Student During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Mixed Methods Study

At the beginning of 2020, the world was shocked by the COVID-19 outbreak which has hit almost all parts of the world. Student academic activities are faced with an online learning system and the adaptation of new habits. This caused a different response from each student. This study aims to analyze the coping strategy of the student-facing COVID-19 pandemic at the Public Health Faculty, Hasanuddin University. This research is a mix-method study conducted in September-October 2020, located at the Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University. This study used a sequential explanatory strategy where quantitative data is collected and analyzed firs with 233 respondents by accidental sampling, followed by qualitative data with 12 respondents by purposive sampling. The results showed that the COVID-19 pandemic affects students psychologically. The results showed that as many as 121 people (51.9%) and there is two coping strategy. Problem-focused coping consists of seeking social support and planful problem solving and Emotional-focused coping that is distancing. The government and Public Health Faculty, Hasanuddin University can maximize the assistance provided in the form of psychological and financial assistance.

MATHEMATICAL RESILIENCE AND LITERACY ABILITY THROUGH BLENDED LEARNING IN MATHEMATICS LEARNING

This research is motivated by the low ability of students' resilience and mathematical literacy which will affect their competence as a teacher. Amid the current conditions of the Covid-19 Pandemic, learning in schools, both in tertiary institutions, is constrained, so one of the right solutions at this time is the implementation of the Blended Learning learning model in learning, especially learning mathematics. Facing the current situation, we are required to be tough and strong, therefore we must have resilience skills so that students are resilient in facing any conditions. With the application of the Blended Learning model in mathematics learning, it is hoped that it can improve students' resilience and mathematical literacy abilities. The research method is a mixed method between qualitative built quantitative with a sequential exploratory strategy. The research instruments used were resilience questionnaire sheets and mathematical literacy test questions. The research procedure begins with qualitative data collection and then builds toward quantitative, the results of which will then be interpreted. The results showed that there was an increase in the ability of mathematical resilience and literacy using Blended Learning with a percentage of 31% and 59% respectively.

Is it possible to achieve a "fit" of management control practices and strategies in Indonesia's reformed public hospitals?

Research aims: This research aims to investigate the effectiveness of implementing management control practices (MPCs) and examine whether MPC is possible and how MPCs as a package "fit” with the strategic choices of Local Community Service Agency (BLUD) public hospitals (PHs) in Indonesia.Design/Methodology/Approach: This study applied mixed-method research with a sequential explanatory strategy. Quantitative data were collected through self-administered questionnaires distributed to 29 top management team members of eight BLUD PHs in East Java and Bali, Indonesia. Meanwhile, qualitative data were generated by conducting a semi-structured interview with four selected top management team members of BLUD PHs. The data were then analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively by implementing profile deviation analysis, cluster analysis, ordinal regression analysis, and content analysis.Research findings: Quantitatively, the researchers found a negative correlation, yet insignificant, between the “misfit” of MCPs and strategy and management control effectiveness. Thus, the “fit” hypothesis was not supported. Qualitatively, the researchers revealed that BLUD PHs extensively used MCPs and employed them in various ways, including cultural, administrative, and dominantly cybernetic controls. Finally, it can be concluded that using cybernetic controls as a dominant practice is unsuitable for the strategy chosen by BLUD PHs in Indonesia.Practical and Theoretical contribution/Originality: This study expands upon what has already been explored in the management control literature concerning how MCPs might be configured to align with organizational strategy, especially in the context of public healthcare organizations. Practically, the reformed PHs in Indonesia are expected to understand better the structure and characteristics of the BLUD-based financial management environment. It is essential for organizations, as it helps them figure out exactly how their management control practices and organizational strategies fit together.Research limitation: Due to the low questionnaire and interview participation, mixed-methods research was underutilized in this study.

The impact of sustainable assessment methods on first-year nursing students’ self-directed learning

BackgroundNursing students are expected to be effective self-directed learners beyond graduation. However, traditional assessment methods are teacher-centred, giving the teacher control over every aspect and rendering the students passive recipients during the process. Conversely, sustainable assessment methods have long-term benefits to learning that go beyond graduation as it is centered on meeting current learning needs while cultivating students’ ability to meet their own future needs. AimThe purpose of this study was to investigate and understand how sustainable assessment methods influence nursing students’ SDL abilities. DesignA mixed-methods design, using a sequential explanatory strategy was used. A quantitative quasi-experimental design was the core method, followed by a supplementary exploratory, descriptive and contextual qualitative method. ResultsThe quantitative one-group pretest–posttest quasi-experimental method showed that first-year nursing students’ baseline SDL abilities were at a moderate level, and there was an improvement in the learners’ self-reported SDL abilities after they participated in sustainable assessment methods. The focus group interview was conducted to explore and describe nursing students’ experiences and perception of how sustainable assessment methods influenced their SDL in the qualitative follow-up phase. ConclusionThe findings of this study show that sustainable assessment methods can improve first-year nursing student’s Self-directed learning abilities. It is recommended that sustainable assessment methods should be integrated in all modules across the four-year programme. This will enable nursing students to better understand the process of assessment, thereby reducing their anxiety associated with assessment, and further motivating students to be self-directed learners.

Exposure of Zimbabwe Open University Students to Online Counselling

The paper examined the exposition of online-counselling to ZOU students. The mixed research design was used with the sequential-exploratory strategy and an online-survey. Findings were that Student Advisors/Counsellors used both online and face-to-face modes. Online-counselling was considered useful although face-to-face counselling had the advantage of observing clients’ feelings. Participants had no adequate online-counselling equipment to use. Online-counselling was time-consuming and costly due to network problems. Lack of video/teleconferencing equipment prevented participants from conducting e-counselling effectively. Younger compared to older students preferred online-counselling. The study recommended increasing Wi-Fi access and deploying video/conference equipment to users. Clients needed to observe the body language of the counsellor to see if they were empathizing with the client.

Komunikasi Perawat Dalam Menurunkan Kecemasan Anak Selama Hospitalisasi : Mixed Method Study

<p><strong><em>Background</em></strong><em>:</em> <em>Children who undergo hospitalization will experience anxiety. It is caused by separation, loss of control, fear of living in a foreign environment and pain in the body. Communication by nurses can help children and their families to communicate their feelings more effectively so that anxiety is reduced. This study aims to determine and analyze how nurses communicate in reducing children's anxiety during hospitalization. <strong>Methods: </strong>This study uses a mixed methods study with a sequential explanatory strategy approach. The sample is 84 respondents for quantitative data with accidental sampling technique. While the qualitative data sample amounted to 6 people with purposive sampling technique. Research instruments in the form of questionnaires and interview guidelines. The validity test of the 20 statement therapeutic communication questionnaire is 0.361 and the reliability value is 0.901. <strong>Results</strong>: The results showed that most of the respondents (58.3%) assessed that nurse communication was not good. While the results of the indept interview obtained two themes; “The need for accurate and reliable information" and "Improving nurse therapeutic communication strategies. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study concludes that nurse communication has not been effective in reducing children's anxiety during hospitalization. It is recommended for nurses to improve therapeutic communication skills which include attitudes and therapeutic communication strategies</em>.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong><em>Nursing Communication, Child Anxiety, Hospitalization</em></p>

ANALISA NIAT KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK USAHA MIKRO KECIL DAN MENENGAH (UMKM) BERDASARKAN PERSEPEKTIF THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR

This study aims to determine the effect of attitude toward behavior, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control as the intention antecedents according to the theory of planned behavior on the compliance intention of MSME taxpayers in Probolinggo Regency, and to determine the proper approach the tax officers apply based on the MSME taxpayers’ perspectives to make them aware of their tax obligations. This study employs a mixed method approach utilizing a sequential explanatory strategy. The quantitative analysis results indicated that attitude toward behavior and subjective norm had a positive and significant effect on tax compliance intentions, while perceived behavioral control had no effect on the compliance intentions of MSME taxpayers in Probolinggo Regency. Whereas, the quantitative analysis results revealing the MSME entrepreneurs’ positive response and willingness to comply, encouraged by their close persons. As for the proper approach for tax officers to apply to improve the compliance of MSME taxpayers according to their perspectives, conducting more socializations and education activities about taxation is supposed to be effective to provide the MSME entrepreneurs in Probolinggo Regency with knowledge and understanding about taxation.