Coordination Sequences Research Articles

MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE VOLUMETRIC STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF GEARS WITH ARBITRARY TOOTH SHAPE

This paper presents an effective method for numerical analysis of the bulk stress-strain state of a gear of a real configuration. Namely, the determination of the bending stress fields in the gear teeth fillets with regard to geometric parameters. The methods of the classical theory of elasticity in a three-dimensional formulation with mixed boundary conditions for a region with a complex boundary surface are used. The solution is given in displacements. The components of the elastic displacement vector at an arbitrary point in the domain are determined, followed by the components of the stress tensor at the same point using Cauchy's differential dependences and the generalized Hooke's law. One of the main difficulties in solving this problem was the problem of representing the entire elastic section of the wheel together with the teeth in the form of an implicit continuous function of a continuous argument, which decisively determines the possibility of applying the methods of elasticity theory and constructing boundary conditions. These difficulties were overcome by using the theory of R-functions to describe the boundary surface of the gear as a whole. The force transmitted by the tooth is introduced in the problem in such a way that the configuration and size of the modeled meshing field are taken into account with the possibility of varying the law of its distribution over the meshing field. Different positions of the instantaneous contact patch in terms of the meshing phase over the entire period of meshing of a pair of teeth are also taken into account. The numerical solution to the problem is based on the Ritz method, where a linearly independent orthonormalized system of Legendre polynomials is used to develop coordinate sequences, and the geometry of the region and boundary conditions are taken into account. The proposed mathematical model of the volumetric stress-strain state can be used both in scientific research and engineering practice at the stage of designing or finishing gears with arbitrary tooth shapes for any real gear meshing system, rational selection of the size and location of the meshing field, and modeling the shape of the instantaneous contact area by the meshing phase for the entire period of meshing of a pair of teeth.

Combined ICEEMDAN and CMPE noise reduction algorithm for dynamic deformation data

Abstract To effectively segregate complex noise components within Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) deformation data, a noise reduction algorithm is proposed, which integrates the improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (ICEEMDAN) and composite multiscale permutation entropy (CMPE). The algorithm initially employs the ICEEMDAN algorithm to decompose the observed data into a series of intrinsic modal functions (IMFs), and then develops a CMPE-based effective coefficient sieving method to accurately classify the IMF that contains effective information components, thus obtaining the GNSS deformation data after noise separation. The processing outcomes of both simulated and empirically measured data reveal that the adopted approach surpasses a solitary filtering algorithm in achieving optimal noise mitigation. Notably, the application of this method leads to a diminution of the root mean square error (RMSE) metric associated with the sequence of elevation coordinates, resulting in a reduction to 2.837 mm post-denoising and an enhancement of 32.9% in overall precision.

Exact solutions for anisotropic beams with arbitrary distributed loads

The general solution of elasticity for plane anisotropic beams with arbitrary constraints at ends and arbitrary normal and tangential distributed loads on surfaces is derived, which consists of internal forces (i.e., bending moment, shearing force, axial force) and their integrals and derivatives of different orders and load-independent polynomial function sequences of longitudinal coordinates. The method for determining the function sequences is established by resolving the governing equation and boundary conditions of the stress function method. For beams with an elastic symmetry plane, a method for directly determining explicit expressions for all terms of function sequences is provided. Particular solutions of examples are solved using general solution formulas, and the results align excellently with existing exact solutions. Finally, the errors in EBT and TBT when applied to beams made of different materials are analysed.

A Digital Image Method for Calculating the Working Chamber Volume of a Combined Profile Scroll Compressor

Background: The efficient and accurate calculation of working chamber volume can greatly contribute to the optimized design efficiency of the combined profile scroll compressor, but current papers and patents lack research on the method of calculating the working chamber volume of a combined profile scroll compressor. Objective: A method of using digital image processing is proposed to efficiently calculate the working chamber volume of a combined scroll compressor. Methods: This method discretizes and reconstructs the scroll profile that forms the working chamber into a coordinate sequence with equal involute angle intervals. By calculating the relationship between the coordinate sequence and the rotation angle, a general coordinate sequence that forms the working chamber profile is obtained. The real-time changes in the projection image of the working chamber during all the suction, compression and discharge processes can be accurately depicted. The digital image is processed to obtain the actual projection area of the working chamber, and thus, the volume of the working chamber is accurately calculated. Results: The digital image method can accurately calculate the volume change of the working chamber of the combined profile scroll compressor by selecting the appropriate involute angle interval and digital image size, with a mean relative error of less than 1%. At the beginning of suction and the end of discharge, the calculated volume has been found to have poor accuracy, with a maximum relative error higher than 10%. Conclusion: The digital image method has been found to have high accuracy, greatly reduce the difficulty of the analysis of the working chamber volume, and promote the design optimization of the combined profile scroll compressor, thus broadening the idea for the calculation method of the working chamber volume of the scroll compressor.

Historical Perspectives and Clinical Updates on Preterm Bottle Feeding With Noninvasive Ventilation.

The controversial topic of oral feeding while on noninvasive ventilation remains at the forefront of preterm intensive care management. The intersection of pulmonary, neurologic, and gastrointestinal maturation coalesces at a postmenstrual age that requires changes in practices compared with those used in older infants. Various animal models in the past decades aimed to gain physiological knowledge of noninvasive ventilation effects on the suck-swallow-breathe coordination sequence. However, the preterm infant poses nuanced anatomic challenges. Although concerns for oral feeding while on noninvasive ventilation include aspiration risks and potential inpatient obstacles, there is evidence to support the feasibility, initiation, and progression of oral feedings while an infant is supported on high-flow nasal cannula and continuous positive airway pressure. There is evidence to support that this may accelerate attainment of oral feeding milestones and, thus, eventual hospital discharge. More recent multidisciplinary institutional protocols may provide cautious guidance on evaluation and algorithms to assess infants who may benefit from initiation and advancement of oral feeding versus awaiting further maturation.

Query-Based Object Visual Tracking with Parallel Sequence Generation.

Query decoders have been shown to achieve good performance in object detection. However, they suffer from insufficient object tracking performance. Sequence-to-sequence learning in this context has recently been explored, with the idea of describing a target as a sequence of discrete tokens. In this study, we experimentally determine that, with appropriate representation, a parallel approach for predicting a target coordinate sequence with a query decoder can achieve good performance and speed. We propose a concise query-based tracking framework for predicting a target coordinate sequence in a parallel manner, named QPSTrack. A set of queries are designed to be responsible for different coordinates of the tracked target. All the queries jointly represent a target rather than a traditional one-to-one matching pattern between the query and target. Moreover, we adopt an adaptive decoding scheme including a one-layer adaptive decoder and learnable adaptive inputs for the decoder. This decoding scheme assists the queries in decoding the template-guided search features better. Furthermore, we explore the use of the plain ViT-Base, ViT-Large, and lightweight hierarchical LeViT architectures as the encoder backbone, providing a family of three variants in total. All the trackers are found to obtain a good trade-off between speed and performance; for instance, our tracker QPSTrack-B256 with the ViT-Base encoder achieves a 69.1% AUC on the LaSOT benchmark at 104.8 FPS.

Visual tracking based on spatiotemporal transformer and fusion sequences

Currently, Transformer-based visual tracking methods have exhibited impressive performance. However, despite their widespread adoption, they still have certain limitations. For example, the design of the Transformer framework is somewhat original and redundant, resulting in lower efficiency. In addition, their application methods lack time consideration, and there is a lack of spatiotemporal correlation between tracking video sequences and predicting coordinate sequences, making it difficult to effectively integrate, and the robustness of corresponding tracking templates is insufficient. To address these issues, we propose a new visual tracking method (STFS). Firstly, it introduces a novel Flatten Transformer architecture, which, in comparison to previous modules, offers enhanced efficiency and expressiveness. Secondly, it takes multi frame feature maps and bounding box coordinates as inputs, integrates spatiotemporal information through the spatiotemporal sequence attention module, and provides relevant sequences for historical trend prediction. Finally, it uses diffusion methods to construct tracking templates and improve stability. To verify the performance of the tracker, we conducted experiments on benchmark datasets including GOT-10 K, LaSOT, TrackingNet, VOT2020, OTB100, and UAV123. The results demonstrate that STFS has achieved competitive experimental results.

Coseismic Slip Distribution and Coulomb Stress Change of the 2023 MW 7.8 Pazarcik and MW 7.5 Elbistan Earthquakes in Turkey

On 6 February 2023, the MW 7.8 Pazarcik and the MW 7.5 Elbistan earthquakes occurred in southeastern Turkey, close to the Syrian border, causing many deaths and a great deal of property destruction. The Pazarcik earthquake mainly damaged the East Anatolian Fault Zone (EAFZ). The Elbistan earthquake mainly damaged the Cardak fault (CF) and the Doğanşehir fault (DF). In this study, Sentinel-1A ascending (ASC) and descending (DES) orbit image data and pixel offset tracking (POT) were used to derive surface deformation fields in the range and azimuth directions induced by the Pazarcik and Elbistan earthquakes (hereinafter referred to as the Turkey double earthquakes). Utilizing GPS coordinate sequence data, we computed the three-dimensional surface deformation resulting from the Turkey double earthquakes. The surface deformation InSAR and GPS results were combined to invert the coseismic slip distribution of the EAFZ, CF, and DF using a layered earth model. The results show that the coseismic ruptures of the Turkey double earthquakes were dominated by left-lateral strike-slips. The maximum slip was 7.76 m on the EAFZ and about 8.2 m on the CF. Both the earthquakes ruptured the surface. The Coulomb failure stress (CFS) was computed based on the fault slip distribution and the geometric parameters of all the active faults within 300 km of the MW 7.8 Pazarcik earthquake’s epicenter. The CFS change resulting from the Pazarcik earthquake suggests that the subsequent Elbistan earthquake was triggered by the Pazarcik earthquake. The Antakya fault experienced an increase in CFS of 8.4 bars during this double-earthquake event. Therefore, the MW 6.3 Uzunbağ earthquake on 20 February 2023 was jointly influenced by the Turkey double earthquakes. Through stress analysis of all the active faults within 300 km of the MW 7.8 Pazarcik earthquake’s epicenter, the Ecemis segment, Camliyayla fault, Aadag fault, Ayvali fault, and Pula segment were all found to be under stress loading. Particularly, the Ayvali fault and Pula segment exhibited conspicuous stress loading, signaling a higher risk of future seismic activity.

GNSS Carrier-Phase Multipath Modeling and Correction: A Review and Prospect of Data Processing Methods

A multipath error is one of the main sources of GNSS positioning errors. It cannot be eliminated by forming double-difference and other methods, and it has become an issue in GNSS positioning error processing, because it is mainly related to the surrounding environment of the station. To address multipath errors, three main mitigation strategies are employed: site selection, hardware enhancements, and data processing. Among these, data processing methods have been a focal point of research due to their cost-effectiveness, impressive performance, and widespread applicability. This paper focuses on the review of data processing mitigation methods for GNSS carrier-phase multipath errors. The paper begins by elucidating the origins and mitigation strategies of multipath errors. Subsequently, it reviews the current research status pertaining to data processing methods using stochastic and functional models to counter multipath errors. The paper also provides an overview of filtering techniques for extracting multipath error models from coordinate sequences or observations. Additionally, it introduces the evolution and algorithmic workflow of sidereal filtering (SF) and multipath hemispherical mapping (MHM), from both coordinate and observation domain perspectives. Furthermore, the paper emphasizes the practical significance and research relevance of multipath error processing. It concludes by delineating future research directions in the realm of multipath error mitigation.

Vietnamese Speech Recognition for Grid-Based Coordinate Systems with Adaptive Noise Filter

This paper presents a novel speech recognition system specifically designed for processing structured numerical sequences in Vietnamese language within grid-based coordinate systems. The proposed system introduces three key innovations: a specialized recognition framework for grid-based coordinate structures, an adaptive noise filtering mechanism for robust performance in noisy environments, and optimized real-time processing capabilities. Using a 5x5 grid system as a demonstration platform, our implementation achieves 75.8% accuracy for complete coordinate sequences in office environments (SNR ≈ 25dB) and maintains usable accuracy of 70.5% in high-noise conditions (SNR ≈ 12dB), with average processing latency under 450ms. The system demonstrates practical viability for real-world applications requiring structured numerical sequence recognition in challenging acoustic environments.

A New Method for Deformation Monitoring of Structures by Precise Point Positioning

Although deformations are mostly insignificant, they can be catastrophic when accumulated to certain amounts. Precise point positioning (PPP) can work with one receiver, preventing problems caused by the base station constrain upon employment of current methods such as real-time kinematics (RTK). However, current methods employing PPP focus on high-frequency monitoring such as earthquake or geological calamity monitoring, and these methods are not suitable for structures. Thus, this study proposes a new method for the deformation monitoring of structures via PPP. First, we obtained the coordinate sequence of structures via static PPP when setting the interval. Then, we transformed the coordinates to the same coordinate system with the same basis. Finally, we decomposed the sequences via empirical mode decomposition (EMD) to obtain a low-frequency part, which is the deformation of the target structure. The result of the monitoring experimentation on IGS stations shows that the monitoring index, Sd, of the sequence under different intervals using this method could be 1–2 mm on average in the directions of E, N, and U, which is much better than the original monitoring sequence. Alongside that, it prevented a fall in accuracy when the interval decreased. Therefore, all results proved the feasibility and validity of the method.

Metal Dipicolylamines and their Biomedical Applications: A Mini Review

Research in synthetic inorganic chemistry demonstrates that metal complexes are widely utilized as therapeutic as well as diagnostic agents. Due to the coordinative saturation, substitutional inertness, and unique redox characteristics, metal polypyridyl complexes have ignited attention and have been exploited in a number of biological and biomedical fields. The polypyridyl ligand, dipicolylamine (DPA) is a symmetrical secondary amine with two pyridyl rings. Delocalization of excited electrons occurs throughout the ligand system due to its conjugated character and the metal-to-ligand charge transfer transitions, resulting in a strong fluorescence signal. The high lipophilic nature of this ligand has proven to improve metal-DPA complex absorption by cell membranes. The N–H amine group in DPA and its analogues have the additional function of allowing hydrogen bonds to form, and deprotonation of this amine has allowed the creation of mononuclear and polynuclear species, with deprotonation of the bridging amine nitrogen also playing a significant role in the coordination sequence. DPA-appended metal complexes have garnered attention in the quest for linkages between magnetic, spectroscopic, structural, and coordination geometries. A number of mononuclear metal-DPA complex crystal structures with four, five, or six coordinated metal centers have been synthesized and explored for their biological properties. This study reviews DPA-derivatized ligand-linked metal complexes as promising cancer, microbial, and fungal inflammatory therapeutics, as well as potential diagnostic agents for fluorescence imaging and radiopharmaceuticals.
 Keywords: Dipicolylamine, metal complexes, coordination geometries, fluorescent agents

Asymptotic Betti Numbers for Hard Squares in the Homological Liquid Regime

Abstract We study configuration spaces $C(n; p, q)$ of $n$ ordered unit squares in a $p$ by $q$ rectangle. Our goal is to estimate the $j$th Betti number for large $n$, $j$, $p$, and $q$. We consider sequences of area-normalized coordinates, where $\left (\frac {n}{pq}, \frac {j}{pq}\right )$ converges as $n$, $j$, $p$, and $q$ approach infinity. For every sequence that converges to a point in the “feasible region” in the $(x,y)$-plane identified in [3], we show that the factorial growth rate of the Betti numbers is the same as the factorial growth rate of $n!$. This implies that (1) the Betti numbers are vastly larger than for the configuration space of $n$ ordered points in the plane, which have the factorial growth rate of $j!$, and (2) every point in the feasible region is eventually in the homological liquid regime.

The Study of Fishing Vessel Behavior Identification Based on AIS Data: A Case Study of the East China Sea

The goal of this paper is to strengthen the supervision of fishing behavior in the East China Sea and effectively ensure the sustainable development of fishery resources. Based on AIS data, this paper analyzes three types of fishing boats (purse seine operation, gill net operation and trawl operation) and uses the cubic spline interpolation algorithm to optimize the ship trajectory and construct high-dimensional features. It proposes a new coding method for fishing boat trajectory sequences. This method uses the Geohash algorithm to divide the East China Sea into grids and generate corresponding numbers. Then, the ship trajectory is mapped to the grid, the fishing boat trajectory points are associated with the divided grid, and the ship trajectory ID is extracted from the corresponding grid. The extracted complete trajectory sequence passes through the CBOW (continuous bag of words) model, and the correlation of trajectory points is fully learned. Finally, the fishing boat trajectory is converted from coordinate sequence to trajectory vector, and the processed trajectory sequence is trained by the LightGBM algorithm. In order to obtain the optimal classification effect, the optimal superparameter combination is selected. We put forward a LightGBM algorithm based on the Bayesian optimization algorithm, and obtained the classification results of three kinds of fishing boats. The final result was evaluated using the F1_score. Experimental results show that the F1_score trained with the proposed trajectory vectorization method is the highest, with a training accuracy of 0.925. Compared to XgBoost and CatBoost, the F1_score increased by 1.8% and 1.2%, respectively. The results show that this algorithm demonstrates strong applicability and effectiveness in fishery area evaluations and is significant for strengthening fishery resource management.

Autonomous identification of Lindemann atoms based on deep learning

Deep learning is one of the most popular fields in computer science and has a vast number of applications. In this work, we present a method to identify Lindemann atoms during melting of gold, silver, and copper nanoparticles using neural network. The feature vector of dataset is obtained based on the processing of LaSCA. Both the training set and the test set of the model have good accuracy, precision and recall. Therefore, a new parameter, the Lindemann atomic probability (LAP), can be established. The comparison between LAP and the kinetic and structural parameters shows that LAP can not only describe the dynamic properties, but also reveal the microstructural changes during the phase transition. This technology overcomes the shortcomings of traditional methods of calculating Lindemann index, which require a sequence of coordinates for each atom over a period. It also provides a fast and accurate method for studying the thermodynamics process of metals.

A Method for 3D Human Pose Estimation and Similarity Calculation in Tai Chi Videos

Human pose estimation from video sequences has become a hot research topic in the domain of robotics and computer vision. However, existing three-dimensional (3D) pose estimation methods usually analyze individual frames, which have a low accuracy due to various human movement speed, limiting its practical application. In this paper, we propose a method for estimating 3D pose and calculating similarity from Tai Chi video sequences based on Seq2Seq network. Specifically, using 2D joint point coordinate sequence of the original image as input, our method constructs an encoder and a decoder to build a Seq2Seq network. Our method introduces an attention mechanism for weighing the input data to obtain an intermediate vector and decode it to estimate the 3D joint point sequence. Afterwards, using a template video and a target video as input, our method calculates the cost of passing through each point within the constraints to construct a cost matrix for video similarity. With the cost matrix, our method can determine the optimal path and use the correspondence of the video sequence to calculate the image similarity of the corresponding frame. The experimental data show that the proposed method can effectively improve the accuracy of 3D pose estimation, and increase the speed for video similarity calculation.

Mechanistic Insights into Multisilver-Mediated Synergistic Activation of Terminal Alkynes.

Synergistic effect extensively exists in multimetal-involved catalytic or mediated processes of group 11 metals due to their remarkable metallophilic interactions. Herein, we present a multiple synergism model for alkynyl substrates and conduct theoretical investigations on various multimetallic bonding modes and the corresponding synergistic activations. We computationally screen nine alkynyl multisilver coordination modes and sequence their reactivity shown in an intramolecular nucleophilic addition reaction by the trend of active μ4-η1η1η2η2 and μ3-η1η1η2 to the relatively inert μ2-η1η2. The transition-state (TS) stabilization of the high-nuclearity mode mainly comes from the significant negative interaction energies between Agn and the substrate based on the distortion/interaction analysis. Energy decomposition analysis-natural orbitals for chemical valence (EDA-NOCV) analysis further reveals the charge-accepting reservoir effect of the polysilver moiety and the orbital match between the alkynyl group and specific spatial arrangement of silver atoms to account for this efficient activation. In addition, tests on different ligands coordinated to silver atoms show a correlation of the ligand conformation adjustability with the reactivity of the alkynyl unit, and the accommodable η2 activation unit embodies a lower deformation energy than the other homonuclear synergistic modes. Privileged multiple synergistic models have been further evidenced based on on-bench experiments by isolating trisilver and tetrasilver alkynyl complexes. This study not only systematically evaluates the multimetallic synergism of different coordination modes in alkyne activation but also provides a guidance for the future design of multimetallic catalysts.

A Strong and Robust Skeleton-Based Gait Recognition Method with Gait Periodicity Priors

Gait recognition aims to identify people by their walking patterns. The normal human walking is a periodic movement. However, the existing gait recognition methods rarely make use of the gait periodicity. In this paper, we propose the gait Periodicity-inspired Temporal feature Pyramid aggregator (PTP) that introduces gait periodicity priors into the gait feature extraction, resulting in a strong and robust skeleton-based gait recognition method called CycleGait. Specially, inspired by gait periodicity, PTP adopts multiple parallel temporal convolution operators with pyramid temporal kernel sizes to extract gait temporal features. Then PTP cooperates with spatial Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) to form the GCN-PTP network. CycleGait uses this network to extract spatio-temporal gait features from the sequence of skeleton coordinates. Besides, to make CycleGait more robust and have better performance, we feed more gait samples with various gait cycles into CycleGait by the plug-and-play Irregular Pace Converter (IPC) that can automatically convert normal pace into irregular and reasonable pace. Extensive experiments conducted on CASIA-B dataset and OG RGB+D dataset show that CycleGait has excellent performance in various complex scenarios, namely, cross-view and cross-walking-condition, and becomes one of the best SOTA methods, which not only outperforms the existing best gait recognition methods by a large margin, but also exhibits a significant level of robustness.

Production and Comprehension of Prosodic Boundary Marking in Persons With Unilateral Brain Lesions.

Persons with unilateral brain damage in the right hemisphere (RH) or left hemisphere (LH) show limitations in processing linguistic prosody, with yet inconclusive results on their ability to process prosodically marked structural boundaries for syntactic ambiguity resolution. We aimed at systematically investigating production and comprehension of three prosodic cues (f 0 range, final lengthening, and pause) at structural boundaries in coordinate sequences in participants with right hemisphere brain damage (RHDP) and participants with left hemisphere brain damage (LHDP). Twenty RHDP and 15 LHDP participated in our study. Comprehension experiment: Participants and a control group listened to coordinate name sequences with internal grouping by a prosodically marked structural boundary (grouped condition, e.g., "(Gabi und Leni) # und Nina") or without internal grouping (ungrouped condition, e.g., "Gabi und Leni und Nina") and had to identify the target condition. The strength and combinations of prosodic cues in the stimuli were manipulated. Production experiment: Participants were asked to produce coordinate sequences in the two conditions (grouped, ungrouped) in two different tasks: a Reading Aloud and a Repetition experiment. Accuracy of participants' productions was subsequently assessed in a rating study and productions were analyzed with respect to use of prosodic cues. In the Comprehension experiment, RHDP and LHDP had overall lower identification accuracies than unimpaired control participants and LHDP were found to have particular problems with boundary identification when the pause cue was reduced. In production, LHDP and RHDP employed all three prosodic cues for boundary marking, but struggled to clearly mark prosodic boundaries in 28% of all productions. Both groups showed better performance in reading aloud than in repetition. LHDP relied more on using f 0 range and pause duration to prosodically mark structural boundaries, whereas RHDP employed final lengthening more vigorously than LHDP in reading aloud. We conclude that processing of linguistic prosody is affected in RHDP and LHDP, but not completely impaired. Therefore, prosody can serve as a relevant communicative resource. However, it should also be considered as a target area for assessment and treatment in both groups. https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21637505.

Mechanistic Insights into Oxidation-Induced Size Conversion of [Au6(dppp)4]2+ to [Au8(dppp)4Cl2]2.

Oxidation-induced conversion of gold nanoclusters is an important strategy for preparing novel atomically precise clusters and elucidating the kinetic correlations of different clusters. Herein, the oxidation-induced growth from [Au6(dppp)4]2+ to [Au8(dppp)4Cl2]2+ (reported by Konishi and co-workers) has been studied by density functional theory calculations. A successive oxidation → Cl- coordination → oxidation → Cl- coordination sequence occurs first to activate the Au6 structure, resulting in the high Au(core)-Au(corner) bond cleavage activity and the subsequent formation of [Au2(dppp)2Cl]+ and [Au4(dppp)2Cl]+ fragments. Then, the dimerization of two Au4 fragments and the rearrangement of the diphosphine coordination occur to generate the thermodynamically stable [Au8(dppp)4Cl2]2+ products. The proposed mechanism agrees with the experimental outcome for the fast reaction rate and the residual of the Au2 components. Specifically, a multivariate linear regression analysis indicates the strong correlation of the oxidation potential of Au6, Au8, Au23, and Au25 clusters with the HOMO energy, the number of Au atoms, and cluster charge state. The main conclusions [e.g., oxidation-induced Au(corner)-Au(core) bond activation, easy 1,2-P transfer steps, etc.] of this study might be widely applicable in improving our understanding of the mechanism of other cluster-conversion reactions.