Separation Efficiency Research Articles

NIR‐Triggered Cu2O/Cu2‐xS Heterostructure as an “All‐In‐One” Functional Nanoplatform for Efficient Synergistic Tumor Therapy

AbstractThe fabrication of synergistic multifunctional anti‐tumor nanoplatforms is challenging due to the urgent requirement to activate different therapeutic modalities. Although the multi‐modal treatments can be achieved by carrying out the activation with different exogenous and endogenous stimulations in sequence, this tedious manner is not applicable to the ideal synergistic cancer treatment. Herein, a simple heterojunction of Cu2O/Cu2‐xS modified with gambogic acid and hyaluronic acid (CCS@GA@HA) is ingeniously fabricated for the synergistic cancer treatment combining photothermal therapy (PTT), photocatalytic therapy (PCT), chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and potential ferroptosis just activated by the single near infrared (NIR) light irradiation. Cu2O/Cu2‐xS heterostructure (CCS) with promoted separation and transfer efficiency of photogenerated charge carriers exhibits excellent photocatalytic performance. The intervention of gambogic acid (GA) downregulates the overexpression of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), which make it possible to execute the mild PTT. And the CDT performance is efficiently improved by the heat generated from PTT. Specifically, CCS appears to accelerate the accumulation of lipid peroxides (LPO) and inactivate glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) that directly induce ferroptosis. In brief, CCS@GA@HA exhibits prominent NIR‐triggered synergistic effect involving PCT, mild PTT, enhanced CDT and ferroptosis for an effective multi‐modal tumor treatment.

Silicon quantum dot-enhanced thin-film nanocomposite membranes for efficient alcohol dehydration via pervaporation: A sustainable approach

This study explores the effectiveness of silicon quantum dots (SiQDs)—specifically, amine-functionalized (NSiQDs) and amine-hydroxyl-functionalized (NOSiQDs)—in optimizing thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes for pervaporation dehydration of various alcohols. The SiQDs were integrated into the membranes via an innovative interfacial polymerization technique, involving the dispersion of SiQDs in an aqueous amine solution followed by polymerization with trimesoyl chloride. This approach ensured uniform integration of SiQDs, significantly enhancing the nanostructure and surface characteristics of the membranes. Such modifications led to improved water transport capabilities, substantially boosting pervaporation efficiency. Exceptional performance was demonstrated by the TFN-NOSiQDs(400) membranes, which achieved a peak permeation flux of 4195.8 g·m−2·h−1 and maintained over 99 wt% water concentration in the permeate when tested with a 70 wt% isopropanol/water solution at 25°C. Comprehensive long-term stability assessments confirmed the robustness and consistent functionality of the membranes, highlighting their suitability for industrial applications that demand reliable and efficient alcohol separation processes.

A numerical study of the effects of lateral flow and retention in open tubular vortex chromatography

Axial dispersion in chromatographic columns is responsible for a reduced separation efficiency. In the present research macrotransport theory is used to predict the phenomenological constants related to axial dispersion. We evaluate the efficacy of lateral flow induced by alternating current (AC) in the presence of retaining walls on the separation resolution. Results show that lateral flows induced by laterally applied potentials as low as 0.3 V reduce C-term dispersion by a factor of 5.0 for unretained conditions (k = 0) and 2.7 for retained (k = 5) conditions, with a diffusion coefficient (Dm) of 10–11m2/s. The present paper further contributes to the understanding of the use of secondary lateral flows for dispersion reduction and offers practical guidance for designing future vortex chromatographic columns. It appears that a maximal performance gain is attained at low aspect ratios (AR=1), with the gain reduced from a factor of 5 to 1.6 for AR=4 for unretained conditions, and from 2.7 to 1.4 for retained conditions (k = 5)

Sulfur-doped Bi2O2CO3 nanosheet for enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic CO2 reduction to CO with ultra-high selectivity.

The photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) has emerged as a compelling strategy for the conversion of renewable energy. However, the expeditious recombination of photogenerated charge carriers and the inadequate light absorption capabilities are currently predominant challenges. Herein, we developed a facile hydrothermal approach to synthesize a sulfur doped Bi2O2CO3 nanosheet with a tunable energy band structure designed to enhance visible light absorption. Our findings indicate that the incorporation of sulfur into the catalytic sites induces an electron sink effect, significantly improving the separation efficiency of photogenerated charge carriers. Consequently, this sulfur-doped Bi2O2CO3 catalyst exhibits a remarkable carbon monoxide (CO) yield of 16.64 μmol gcat-1 h-1 with nearly 100 % selectivity under illumination ranging from 420 to 780 nm. Through in-situ characterization techniques and theoretical calculations, it was revealed that sulfur-coordinated bismuth sites greatly enhance CO2 adsorption and decrease the energy barrier for critical intermediates formation (*COOH), thus selectively driving the reaction towards CO production. This work not only advances our understanding of mechanisms underlying photocatalytic reduction of CO2 on sulfur-doped bismuth-based catalysts but also sets a precedent for developing sophisticated photocatalytic systems for enhanced photoreduction reactions.

Multifunctional Ethyl Violet@NH2-MIL-88B(Fe) Hybrids: CRISPR-Cas12a-Assisted PEC-FL-CL Triple-Mode Sensitive Detection of HPV-16.

The multimode assay based on multiple response mechanisms has received great attention to effectively improve the accuracy of a sensing platform. However, multifunctional sensing materials for simultaneously satisfying the multiple-mode detections are still in shortage due to the incompatibility of the signal transduction mechanisms in different modes. Here, taking human papillomavirus 16 (HPV-16) DNA (TDNA) as the model due to its important role in cervical cancer, a novel multifunctional material, ethyl violet (EV)@NH2-MIL-88B(Fe) (ENM) hybrids, have been successfully prepared, which could simultaneously satisfy CRISPR-Cas12a-assisted photoelectrochemical (PEC)-fluorescent (FL)-colorimetric (CL) triple-mode detection of TDNA. Based on the TDNA-induced trans-cleavage ability of CRISPR-Cas12a and efficient separation of magnetic beads, ENM was obtained from the single-stranded DNA-surrounded streptavidin-modified magnetic beads-ENM (SMB-ssDNA-ENM) and decomposed by pyrophosphate to get free EV, 2-aminoterephthalic acid (NH2-BDC), and Fe3+. Thus, TDNA was sensitively detected based on the EV-enhanced PEC signal of SnS2 nanosheets (PEC mode), fluorescent signal of NH2-BDC (FL mode), and characteristic absorption peak at about 720 nm of Fe3+-induced Prussian blue (PB) (CL mode). The designed PEC-FL-CL triple-mode biosensing platform had good performance for the detection of TDNA with a wide linear range (0.1 fM-100 nM) and ultralow detection limits (0.07 fM for PEC, 0.03 fM for FL and 0.09 fM for CL). Additionally, the developed PEC-FL-CL triple-mode biosensing platform has great potential for applications in early disease diagnosis and bioanalysis, as it can be easily extended to other DNA assays through modification of the crRNA sequence within the CRISPR-Cas12a system.

Piezo-photocatalysis synergy in γ-GeSe for highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction

Solar-driven semiconductor photocatalysts are highly appealing in applications of environmental remediation and energy conversion. However, photocatalytic reactions, particularly oxygen evolution reaction (OER), are often constrained by the swift recombination of electron–hole pairs, thereby resulting in low reaction efficiency. Although it is effective to separate charge carriers by constructing heterojunctions to form built-in electric field, the lattice mismatch and inefficient interlayer charge transfer of heterojunctions in the photocatalysts limit their further development. Here, we propose a new strategy by constructing an internal electric field for OER through an individual piezoelectric two-dimensional material. The results indicate that the piezoelectric effect regulates the electronic structure, reduces bandgap, improves light absorption efficiency, and that the displacement of positive and negative charge centers is the key factor in the enhanced OER. This research indicates the feasibility of combining piezoelectric properties of two-dimensional materials with OER (1.19 eV), providing new insights and guidance for applying the piezoelectric effect in the OER and opening up a way to promote efficient separation of charge carriers.

A Novel Size-Based Centrifugal Microfluidic Design to Enrich and Magnetically Isolate Circulating Tumor Cells from Blood Cells through Biocompatible Magnetite-Arginine Nanoparticles.

This paper presents a novel centrifugal microfluidic approach (so-called lab-on-a-CD) for magnetic circulating tumor cell (CTC) separation from the other healthy cells according to their physical and acquired chemical properties. This study enhances the efficiency of CTC isolation, crucial for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. CTCs are cells that break away from primary tumors and travel through the bloodstream; however, isolating CTCs from blood cells is difficult due to their low numbers and diverse characteristics. The proposed microfluidic device consists of two sections: a passive section that uses inertial force and bifurcation law to sort CTCs into different streamlines based on size and shape and an active section that uses magnetic forces along with Dean drag, inertial, and centrifugal forces to capture magnetized CTCs at the downstream of the microchannel. The authors designed, simulated, fabricated, and tested the device with cultured cancer cells and human cells. We also proposed a cost-effective method to mitigate the surface roughness and smooth surfaces created by micromachines and a unique pulsatile technique for flow control to improve separation efficiency. The possibility of a device with fewer layers to improve the leaks and alignment concerns was also demonstrated. The fabricated device could quickly handle a large volume of samples and achieve a high separation efficiency (93%) of CTCs at an optimal angular velocity. The paper shows the feasibility and potential of the proposed centrifugal microfluidic approach to satisfy the pumping, cell sorting, and separating functions for CTC separation.

Unraveling Molecular Diffusion Behaviors on the Acidic Sites of H‐ZSM‐5 Zeolite Using Time‐Resolved In Situ FT‐IR Technique

AbstractZeolites, renowned for their abundant crystalline structures and moderate acidities, have garnered significant attention in industrial chemical processes. Among them, the diffusion behaviors of various hydrocarbons within zeolite play a pivotal role due to their profound impact on product selectivity and separation efficiency. While acid sites are essential in determining the catalytic performance of zeolites, their effect on intra‐crystalline diffusivities has often been neglected in catalyst design. Herein, we employ a homemade time‐resolved in situ Fourier Transform Infrared (TR in situ FT‐IR) spectroscopy to investigate the intricate interplay between Brønsted acid sites and various probe molecules. Our study reveals that an augmentation in the density of Brønsted acid sites within H‐ZSM‐5 zeolites remarkably enhances the diffusivity of 1‐butene, in stark contrast to the behavior observed for iso‐butane. This contrasting effect in diffusivity is attributed to the distinct nature of interactions between alkenes and alkanes with Brønsted acid sites. Specifically, the π‐H interactions between alkenes and acid sites act as a driving force, propelling the alkene molecules forward through the zeolite pores. These findings offer valuable insights into designing tailored zeolites with specific acid site properties, controlling the transport behaviors of various probe molecules, and promising new avenues for catalysis and separation.

Impact of Hydrodynamic Cavitation Pretreatment on Sodium Oleate Adsorption onto Diaspore and Kaolinite Surfaces

To investigate how hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) affects the adsorption of sodium oleate (NaOl) on diaspore and kaolinite surfaces, a comparative study on NaOl adsorption was conducted under different conditions. The flotation and separation of the minerals were also examined with and without HC pretreatment of NaOl. The results show that short-term HC pretreatment of NaOl solutions did not induce a measurable change in the chemical structure of NaOl, but produced micro-nanobubbles (MNBs) and resulted in decreases in the surface tension and viscosity of liquids. When MNBs interacted with minerals, their anchor on solids could affect the contact angles, zeta potentials, and surface NaOl adsorption toward minerals. At low NaOl concentrations, the presence of MNBs reduced the NaOl adsorption capacity and particles’ zeta potential while increasing the minerals’ contact angle. At higher NaOl concentrations, the presence of MNBs promoted NaOl adsorption, further increased the minerals’ contact angle, and further decreases the particles’ zeta potential. Additionally, the flotation and separation of minerals can be enhanced at low NaOl concentrations, largely due to the enhanced bubble mineralization through the selective surface-anchoring of MNBs on diaspore. However, the separation efficiency might deteriorate at high NaOl concentrations, though the presence of MNBs amplified the divergences in minerals’ surface wettability and zeta potentials.

In-situ construction of novel Sb2(S,Se)3/CdSe S-scheme heterojunction with enhanced photoelectrochemical performance

Abstract Antimony selenosulfide (Sb2(S,Se)3) was considered to have great potential for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting applications due to its excellent chemical stability, good light absorption, abundant reserves and non-toxicity. However, Sb2(S,Se)3 faces some limitations in the field of PEC, such as the serious recombination problem of photogenerated carriers. Therefore effectively restraining its deep-level defects is the crucial for enhancing its photoelectrochemical properties. In this paper, We successfully fabricated Sb2(S,Se)3/CdSe S-scheme heterojunction via one-step hydrothermal method, which improves its solar absorption capacity, facilitates efficient carrier separation. And, Sb2(S,Se)3/CdSe S-scheme heterojunction can suppress the adverse effects of deep-level defects on the PEC performance of Sb2(S,Se)3. Under simulated solar irradiation, the light current density can reach 4.02 mA cm2 (33.5 times that of monomeric Sb2(S,Se)3) at 1.23 VRHE, accompanied by low initial voltage and extremely high surface charge injection efficiency. This study is of great significance for the application of Sb2(S,Se)3 in the PEC field.

CO2/N2 Triggered Aqueous Recyclable Surfactants for Biphasic Catalytic Reactions in the Pickering Emulsions.

The utilization of Pickering emulsions in interfacial catalysis offers a promising environmental platform for biphasic reactions. However, complicated surface coating or chemical grafting methods are always required to prepare the surface-active catalysts for the Pickering emulsions, since most of them are commercially unavailable. Here, we report CO2-switchable Pickering emulsions for biphasic reactions, in which Pd@Al2O3 nanoparticles are in situ modified by a CO2/N2 responsive surfactant. Compared with the chemical grafted methods, the in situ formed Pickering interfacial catalysts avoid complex chemical modification. Furthermore, efficient demulsification and separation of the oil phase and the products without surfactant contaminations can be achieved by CO2 trigger. The Pickering interfacial catalysis system can also be reformed after the aqueous phase containing the catalyst nanoparticles, and the surfactant is recycled and reused. The strategy is universal for nitrobenzene reductions and alcohol oxidations, providing a convenient and green method for the preparation of Pickering catalysts with commercially available nanoparticles, efficient emulsion separation, and recovery of the catalyst nanoparticles and emulsifiers in various two-phase organic reactions.

Biochar-Bio-Cu composite superhydrophobic membrane for efficient oil-water separation

This manuscript presents the development of a superhydrophobic textile fabric (SF) for effective oil–water (O/W) separation. A biochar was synthesized by pyrolysis of banana leaves. The bio-Cu nanoparticles (bio-Cu NPs) were synthesized from grape seed extract. The biochar and bio-Cu NPs were used to enhance the surface roughness of the textile fabric. The low-cost, eco-friendly stearic acid was used as a low surface energy material. The SF achieves a water sliding angle of 1 degree and apparent contact angle of 159 degrees, indicating its superhydrophobic nature. The absorption capacity toward silicone oil (SO), toluene, and crude oil (CO) is measured at 102.2 g/g, 98.5 g/g, and 91.0 g/g, respectively, with minimal decrease after ten usage cycles. The SF exhibits outstanding O/W separation efficiencies for CO (99.6%), toluene (98.9%), and SO (97.5%) over ten cycles. Mechanical stability assessments reveal superhydrophobicity retention till a length of abrasion equal to 650 mm. Chemical stability investigations demonstrate SF’s resilience across a pH range of 1–13 over 2 h of immersion. Furthermore, the SF shows a good flux rate toward the oils used. These findings establish a promising advancement in environmental remediation and O/W separation.

Ultrafast Charge Transfer in a Core-shell CdS@Cu-TCPP-Pt Heterojunction for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production Coupled with Selective Benzylamine Oxidation.

Photocatalytic selective oxidation of organic substances coupled with hydrogen production is believed to be one of the most favorable pathways to make full use of photogenerated charge carriers. However, this catalytic reaction is often discouraged due to the rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers in practical applications. In this work, a core-shell CdS@Cu-TCPP-Pt nanorod heterojunction was dexterously designed for boosting the photocatalytic dehydrogenation performance of benzylamine. The transient absorption results revealed that the photogenerated electron-holes could be effectively separated by properly matching the energy levels in CdS@Cu-TCPP. Surprisingly, Pt embedded in Cu-TCPP not only provided abundant hydrogen production active sites but also facilitated ultrafast charge transfer, which endowed CdS@Cu-TCPP-Pt with remarkable photocatalytic performances for the coproductions of N-benzylidenebenzylamine (1 mL) with a conversion of 23.48% and H2 (20.75 mmol g-1 h-1) under visible irradiation, far surpassing those of CdS and Cu-TCPP. Obviously, the present work verifies that designing and fabricating a hybrid photocatalyst with high separation efficiency of electron-hole pairs is also a significant avenue for other high-performance cooperative dual-functional photocatalytic reactions.

Molten Salt Modulation of Potassium-Nitrogen-Carbon for the Breaking Kinetics Bottleneck of Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting and Environmental Impact Reduction.

Sluggish interfacial water dissociation and the O2 evolution reaction (OER) kinetics are the main obstacles that limit the photocatalytic overall water-splitting performance. A molten salt modulation of potassium-nitrogen-carbon is herein demonstrated as the formation of highly crystalline potassium-doped poly(triazine imide) (KPTI). The in situ X-ray diffraction patterns and theoretical calculation show that the KCl melt can significantly reduce the free energy for the polycondensation of triazine building blocks owing to the formation of a kinetically stable KPTI. Benefiting from the presence of potassium-carbon-nitrogen moiety, the catalyst not only weakens the excitonic confinement to improve the separation efficiency of photogenerated charge carriers but also enhances the stability of carbon sites by suppressing the undesired C═O formation. Moreover, KPTI accelerates water dissociation by forming interfacial K·H2O clusters with an ordered structure, which supplies sufficient protons for the H2 evolution reaction and lowers the energy barrier to enhance the kinetics of OER. Therefore, a stable photocatalytic overall water-splitting performance can be achieved over KPTI with a stoichiometric generation of products (H2 and O2). Life cycle assessment shows that a carbon-neutral scenario can be achieved on KPTI production in the near term with an increase in green power in the electricity grid.

Dual-Functional TiO2/SiO2@Poly(Hexadecyl Methacrylate-co-Butyl Methacrylate-co-Methyl Acrylate) Composites: Nanointegrated Enhancements in Oil Absorption and High-Efficiency Emulsion Interface Demulsification

Our research described in this report introduces a multifunctional composite resin, TiO2/SiO2@poly(hexadecyl methacrylate-co-butyl methacrylate-co-methyl acrylate), synthesized to enhance oil absorption and demulsification for oily wastewater treatment. By incorporating hydrophobically modified nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2) and nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO2) into a polyacrylate resin through suspension polymerization, we aimed to overcome the limitations of traditional oil absorbent resins. The resin’s formulation included hexadecyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, and methyl acrylate. Characterization was conducted through measurements of contact angle, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analyses. The study meticulously optimized the chemical synthesis conditions, focusing on the amount of monomer, initiator and crosslinker, which are crucial for the polymerization reaction. Additionally, the physical parameters, such as the particle size and quantity of the nano-materials, were carefully controlled to achieve the desired material properties. The inclusion of nano-TiO2 and nano-SiO2 significantly enriched the resin’s porous structure, boosting its oil absorption ratios for oil in various solvents, notably enhancing stability and recyclability. The resin exhibited superior oil absorption capacities (e.g. 54.7 g/g for trichloromethane) and improved emulsion separation efficiency (e.g. 98.10% for trichloromethane emulsions), marking a substantial advancement in materials for environmental remediation applications.

Ionic liquids based azeotropic separation of refrigerants R410A (R32+R125) and R508B (R23+R116) through hybrid extractive distillation

ABSTRACT The increment in GreenHouse Gases (GHGs) promotes high Global Warming Potential (GWP) due to the production and consumption of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) that diverts the aim toward the recycling and reclaiming of refrigerant gases. However, the presence of azeotrope in refrigerant mixtures restricts the recycling process. Therefore, in this work, the refrigerant R410A and R508B have been separated through the hybrid extractive distillation method by using [HMIM][TF2N] and [BMIM][BF4] as a solvent in ASPEN Plus. UNIFAC model has been used for the correlation of ionic liquid in ASPEN Plus. For thermodynamic properties, Cosmotherm has been used with the collaboration of TurbromoleX. The Vapor-liquid Equilibrium (VLE) data has been predicted by using the UNIFAC group contribution method. The Total Annual Cost (TAC) analysis with optimization has been performed. Besides that, the energy analysis has also been performed. In the overall separation process and (TAC) analysis, [BMIM][BF4] proves to be more efficient with high separation efficiency and minimal TAC requirements. Whereas, [HMIM][TF2N]/R508B provides less CO2 emission.

Construction of C3N4/Ag2S p-n semiconductor heterojunction coupled with Ag-induced SPR effect on CF cloth for improving photocatalytic activity

C3N4/Ag2S p-n semiconductor heterojunction coupled with Ag-induced SPR effect on carbon fiber cloth with large macroscopic area, recyclability and excellent photocatalytic performance was prepared by thermal condensation-chemical precipitation. CF/C3N4/Ag/Ag2S cloth showed strong Vis-NIR light absorption and outstanding separation efficiency of photo-generated electron and hole pairs. CF/C3N4/Ag/Ag2S cloth displayed a markedly enhanced catalytic activity (94 % of TC, 85 % of Cr(VI)) compared with CF/C3N4 cloth (52 % of TC, 50 % of Cr(VI)) or CF/Ag/Ag2S cloth (34 % of TC, 19 % of Cr(VI)), attributing to the establishment of p-n junction along with Ag SPR effect. Moreover, degradation pathways for TC were proposed utilizing HPLC-MS and Fukui index analysis, and photocatalytic mechanism was confirmed by active species experiments and DFT computations. This facile strategy provides novel approach to the synthesis of material with large macroscopic areas, recyclability, and excellent photocatalytic property for degrading contaminants from wastewater.

Enhancement of photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin via constructing conductive matrix

The application of heterogeneous photocatalysts is severely limited by the high charge transfer resistance (Rct). BiVO4/g-C3N4 photocatalysts were prepared and loaded on the conductive matrix material carbon paper (CP) to reduce electron transfer resistance and improve the photocatalytic performance. The Rct of BiVO4/g-C3N4@CP was remarkedly reduced by 94.3 % compared to the photocatalysts on the oil paper (BiVO4/g-C3N4@OP), while the photocurrent density increased by 5.5 times. The utilization efficiency of light energy and separation of photoelectrons and holes were improved with CP due to its ability to facilitate long-distance transfer of photoelectrons. Consequently, the photocatalytic degradation performance of BiVO4/g-C3N4@CP was enhanced by a 26.1 % improvement in ciprofloxacin (CIP) degradation efficiency. Quenching experiment, LC-MS analysis and DFT calculation revealed that piperazine ring opening and C-F cleavage were the major pathways for CIP degradation with BiVO4/g-C3N4@CP.

Preparation of alkyl microporous organic network-based capillary column for an efficient gas chromatographic separation of position isomers.

The large surface area, excellent thermal stability and easy modification make microporous organic networks (MONs) good candidates in the field of gas chromatography (GC). Due to the limited species and highly conjugated networks of MONs, their applications are still in infancy and restricted. To accelerate their developments and to enrich their types in GC, here we report the first example of synthesizing alkyl MON and its capillary column for GC separation of position isomers. Linear 1,8-dibromooctane is used as the alkyl monomer instead of traditional aromatic ones to construct novel alkyl MON to decrease the inherent conjugated characteristic of MONs. The alkyl MON exhibits good thermal stability (up to 350°C), large surface area (1173m2g-1), and non-polar character, allowing good resolution for alkanes, alkyl benzenes, alcohols, ketones, and diverse position isomers, including dichlorobenzene, trichlorobenzene, bromotoluene, nitrotoluene, methylbenzaldehyde, and ionone with the limits of detection (0.003mgmL-1) and limits of quantitation of (0.10mgmL-1). The in situ growth-prepared alkyl MON column demonstrates remarkable duration time and precisions for the retention relative standard deviations, (RSDs%, intra-day, n=7), 0.06%-0.53% (intra-day, n=7), and 2.87%-10.59% (column-to-column, n=3). In addition, the fabricated alkyl MON-coated capillary column offers better resolution than three commercial GC columns for the resolution of methylbenzaldehyde, bromotoluene, and chlorotoluene isomers. This work reveals the practicability for synthesizing alkyl MONs and demonstrates their prospects for position isomers separation.

Enhanced charge carrier separation and stable photoelectrochemical water splitting via a high-performance BiVO4/BiOBr Type-II heterojunction

The development of an ideal photoanode that exhibits broad light absorption, efficient photogenerated carrier separation, and superior transmission efficiency remains a pivotal challenge in enhancing the sluggish photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting reaction. Here, we present an efficacious strategy to bolster the PEC performance of oxygen evolution by fabricating a BiVO4/BiOBr heterojunction through a combined electrochemical deposition-calcination approach and the successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method. The band structure of BiOBr is optimally aligned with BiVO4, enabling the heterojunction to significantly enhance the separation efficiency of photogenerated charges and accelerate the kinetics of PEC water oxidation. Under simulated sunlight irradiation, the BiVO4/BiOBr heterojunction exhibits a remarkable photocurrent density of 2.69 mA/cm2 at 1.23 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), surpassing the performance of bare BiVO4 film (0.46 mA/cm2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE) and demonstrating exceptional stability. This work offers novel insights into the rational design and fabrication of solar-driven PEC water splitting photoanodes.