Separate Injections Research Articles

Smart 131 I-Labeled Self-Illuminating Photosensitizers for Deep Tumor Therapy.

Stimulating photosensitizers (PS) by Cerenkov radiation (CR) can overcome the light penetration limitation in traditional photodynamic therapy. However, separate injection of radiopharmaceuticals and PS cannot guarantee their efficient interaction in tumor areas, while co-delivery of radionuclides and PS face the problem of nonnegligible phototoxicity in normal tissues. Here, we describe a 131 I-labeled smart photosensitizer, composed of pyropheophorbide-a (photosensitizer), a diisopropylamino group (pH-sensitive group), an 131 I-labeled tyrosine group (CR donor), and polyethylene glycol, which can self-assemble into nanoparticles (131 I-sPS NPs). The 131 I-sPS NPs showed low phototoxicity in normal tissues due to aggregation-caused quenching effect, but could self-produce reactive oxygen species in tumor sites upon disassembly. Upon intravenous injection, 131 I-sPS NPs showed great tumor inhibition capability in subcutaneous 4T1-tumor-bearing Balb/c mice and orthotopic VX2 liver tumor bearing rabbits. We believed 131 I-sPS NPs could expand the application of CR and provide an effective strategy for deep tumor theranostics.

Smart 131I‐Labeled Self‐Illuminating Photosensitizers for Deep Tumor Therapy

AbstractStimulating photosensitizers (PS) by Cerenkov radiation (CR) can overcome the light penetration limitation in traditional photodynamic therapy. However, separate injection of radiopharmaceuticals and PS cannot guarantee their efficient interaction in tumor areas, while co‐delivery of radionuclides and PS face the problem of nonnegligible phototoxicity in normal tissues. Here, we describe a 131I‐labeled smart photosensitizer, composed of pyropheophorbide‐a (photosensitizer), a diisopropylamino group (pH‐sensitive group), an 131I‐labeled tyrosine group (CR donor), and polyethylene glycol, which can self‐assemble into nanoparticles (131I‐sPS NPs). The 131I‐sPS NPs showed low phototoxicity in normal tissues due to aggregation‐caused quenching effect, but could self‐produce reactive oxygen species in tumor sites upon disassembly. Upon intravenous injection, 131I‐sPS NPs showed great tumor inhibition capability in subcutaneous 4T1‐tumor‐bearing Balb/c mice and orthotopic VX2 liver tumor bearing rabbits. We believed 131I‐sPS NPs could expand the application of CR and provide an effective strategy for deep tumor theranostics.

Improvement and Application of the Key Technology of Separate Injection in Bohai Oilfield

Improvement and Application of the Key Technology of Separate Injection in Bohai Oilfield

A capacitated lot-sizing model with sequence-dependent setups, parallel machines and bi-part injection moulding

This paper aims to propose a model for solving a capacitated lot-sizing problem with sequence-dependent setups (CLSD) and parallel machines in a bi-part injection moulding (BPIM) context that consists of injecting two different parts or products into the same mould in separate injection cavities. These two parts require the same sequence order and available capacity at the same instant, but generate different part inventories. The addressed problem should be considered a multi-machine CLSD-BPIM one. We provide a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model for it. The proposed model is based on a real-world case study from a second-tier supplier of the automotive sector. In sequence setup, inventory and resource setup costs terms, the benefits of the proposed multi-machine CLSD-BPIM model are validated by comparing it with a single-machine CLSD-BPIM model that replicates the current planning scenario carried out in the company under study. Additionally, random instances based on the real problem have been generated and tested. The computational results exhibit optimal solutions for the small instances with an average of 0.2-second solution time, the medium instances present average gaps of 0.47% with 2.6 h and large instances present average gaps of 4% with 6 h solution time.

Quantitation of multiple injection dynamic PET scans: an investigation of the benefits of pooling data from separate scans when mapping kinetics

Multiple injection dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) scanning is used in the clinical management of certain groups of patients and in medical research. The analysis of these studies can be approached in two ways: (i) separate analysis of data from individual tracer injections, or (ii), concatenate/pool data from separate injections and carry out a combined analysis. The simplicity of separate analysis has some practical appeal but may not be statistically efficient. We use a linear model framework associated with a kinetic mapping scheme to develop a simplified theoretical understanding of separate and combined analysis. The theoretical framework is explored numerically using both 1D and 2D simulation models. These studies are motivated by the breast cancer flow-metabolism mismatch studies involving 15O-water (H2O) and 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and repeat 15O-H2O injections used in brain activation investigations. Numerical results are found to be substantially in line with the simple theoretical analysis: mean square error characteristics of alternative methods are well described by factors involving the local voxel-level resolution of the imaging data, the relative activities of the individual scans and the number of separate injections involved. While voxel-level resolution has dependence on scan dose, after adjustment for this effect, the impact of a combined analysis is understood in simple terms associated with the linear model used for kinetic mapping. This is true for both data reconstructed by direct filtered backprojection or iterative maximum likelihood. The proposed analysis has potential to be applied to the emerging long axial field-of-view PET scanners.

ИЗУЧЕНИЕ СЕДАТИВНОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ КОМБИНИРОВАННОЙ НАСТОЙКИ ПУСТЫРНИКА И ЗВЕРОБОЯ

The paper presents studying sedative activity of the combined tincture of motherwort and St. John's wort. The combined tincture of motherwort and St. John's wort was obtained by percolation method in a ratio 1:10. Standardization of the obtained tincture was carried out with quality indicators: description, content of active ingredients and ethanol, relative density, dry residue. According to all quality indicators, the tincture obtained met the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Republic of Belarus. Specific sedative activity of the combined tincture of motherwort and St. John's wort was assessed by barbiturates hypnotic effect prolongation (sodium thiopental), by the rate of falling asleep in animals and by animals staying in lateral position in relation to the control group to which sodium thiopental was injected. In the studies carried out it was found that injection of the combined tincture of motherwort and St. John's wort at a dose of 0,1 ml / kg increases sleep by 125,63% and also accelerates the process of falling asleep by 327,75% compared with the separate injection of motherwort and St. John's wort tincture at doses of 0,1 ml/kg. It was shown that the injection of the combined tincture of motherwort and St. John's wort at a dose of 0,1 ml/kg exhibits a potentiated effect and enhances the hypnotic effect of sodium thiopental administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg.

A rapid electrokinetic chromatography method using short-end injection for the enantioselective separation of tryptophan

A rapid enantioselective methodology for the analysis of tryptophan was developed in this work by electrokinetic chromatography using short-end injection and an anionic cyclodextrin as chiral selector. No previous derivatization of tryptophan was necessary. The influence of different experimental variables on the enantiomeric separation was investigated. The use of a 100 mM formate buffer (pH 2.2) containing 1.25% sulfated-γ-cyclodextrin with an uncoated fused-silica capillary of 50 µm inner diameter with a total length of 48.5 cm (effective length of 8.5 cm), and an injection by applying a pressure of −50 mbar (short-end injection) for 4 s, enabled the enantiomeric separation of tryptophan within 2.5 min with a resolution of 7.4. As desirable, the enantiomeric impurity, D-tryptophan, was the first-migrating enantiomer. The analytical characteristics of the developed methodology were evaluated in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy, and limits of detection and quantification, showing its good performance to be applied to the analysis of tryptophan-based dietary supplements. A relative limit of detection of 0.1% was obtained for the enantiomeric impurity, D-tryptophan, in the presence of the L-enantiomer. Results showed that the developed methodology is an interesting alternative for the enantioselective analysis of tryptophan enabling the rapid quality control of dietary supplements.

A High-Efficiency Wavelength-Tunable Monolayer LED with Hybrid Continuous-Pulsed Injection.

High-efficiency and wavelength-tunable light-emitting diode (LED) devices will play an important role in future advanced optoelectronic systems. Traditional semiconductor LED devices typically have a fixed emission wavelength that is determined by the energy of the emission states. Here, a novel high-efficiency and wavelength-tunable monolayer WS2 LED device, which operates in the hybrid mode of continuous-pulsed injection, is developed. This hybrid injection enables highly enhanced emission efficiency (>20 times) and effective size of emission area (>5 times) at room temperature. The emission wavelength of the WS2 monolayer LED device can be tuned over more than 40nm by driving AC voltages, from exciton emission to trion emission, and further to defect emission. The quantum efficiency of defect electroluminescence (EL) emission is measured to be more than 24.5 times larger than that from free exciton and trion EL emission. The separate carrier injection in the LED also demonstrates advantages in allowing defect species to be visualized and distinguished in real space. Those defects are assigned to be negatively charged defects. The results open a new route to develop high-performance and wavelength-tunable LED devices for future advanced optoelectronic applications.

Optimization Technique and Practice of Stratified Injection in Low and Medium Permeability Thin Interlayer Reservoirs

Reservoir S is a typical medium and low permeability thin interlayer reservoir. It is developed by co-production of directional Wells and separate injection of directional Wells. The comprehensive water content of the oilfield is 54%. Therefore, it is urgent to optimize the injection method of stratified injection distribution in this reservoir, so as to improve the degree of water driving and recovery. In this paper, the reservoir engineering and numerical simulation methods are adopted to introduce the impact factor of injection-production correspondence rate, modify the previously used fine injection matching model, and use the model to quantitatively analyze the sensitivity of key parameters such as longitudinal splitting coefficient, pressure recovery rate and injection-production correspondence rate. The results show that it is very important to select the influencing factors for the injection and production response ratio of medium and low permeability thin interlayer reservoirs, which directly affects the effect of stratified water injection. At present, this research technology has been widely applied in S oilfield, and the water injection effect is very significant, effectively improving the recovery rate of the implementation area by 2%, which provides experience for the water injection development of similar reservoirs.

Plasmon Au modified 3D-nanostructrue CoOx decorated hematite for highly efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting

Surface modification and interface engineering are efficient strategies to address the serious charge recombination and the sluggish water oxidation kinetics in photoelectrochemical water splitting. In this work, CoOx decorated hematite nanosheets (Fe2O3/CoOx) are deposited on Nickel foam by the in-situ hydrothermal process. Au nanoparticles are incorporated on Fe2O3/CoOx semiconductors (Fe2O3/CoOx/Au) by electrochemical deposition. In photoelectrochemical test, Fe2O3/CoOx attains a photocurrent density of 1.87 mA cm−2 at 1.23 VRHE, which is 4.45 times that for α-Fe2O3. The onset potential of Fe2O3/CoOx decreases by 266 mV compared with α-Fe2O3. The 3D-nanostructrue Fe2O3/CoOx/Au attains a photocurrent density of 3.88 mA·cm−2 at 1.23 VRHE, which is 9.24 times that of ɑ-Fe2O3. The applied bias photon-to-current efficiency, charge separation and charge injection efficiency of Fe2O3/CoOx/Au are improved. EIS studies show the co-modification of CoOx and Au reduces charge transfer resistance. This strategy would provide a potential approach to promote light absorption and charge separation for photoelectrochemical catalyst.

A Phase 2 Evaluation of a Novel Co-Formulation of Pramlintide and Regular Insulin to Improve Postprandial Glycemic Control in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D)

Objective: Pramlintide co-administration, used in conjunction with prandial insulin, has substantial clinical benefits to improve post-prandial glucose excursions, glycemic variability (GV) and time in range (TIR), but is associated with an increased injection burden that adversely affects adherence and persistence. A novel, fixed-ratio co-formulation of pramlintide and regular insulin (XP-3924) was evaluated in a phase 2 single injection study measuring XP-3924 pharmacokinetics (PK), glucose pharmacodynamics (PD), and its effects upon overall glycemic control. Methods: This was a Phase 2 randomized, open-label, active comparator-controlled, three-period cross-over study, which enrolled 18 adults with T1D to compare the PK and PD, glycemic affects and safety and tolerability of a single dose of XP-3924, to co-administration of regular insulin (Humulin® R) and pramlintide (Symlin®), and to an injection of regular insulin (RI) alone. Subjects were randomly allocated to a sequence of three treatments: XP-3924 (with 50% insulin reduction based their insulin to carbohydrate ratio), RI, or co-administration (RI with 50% insulin reduction plus a comparable pramlintide dose, co-administered as separate injections). The study drugs were administered subcutaneously 30 minutes before a 75-gram oral glucose challenge and glucose levels were monitored for 6 hours. Results: XP-3924 treatment resulted in a 62.3% reduction of hyperglycemia (blood glucose AUC0-3 hr >180 mg/dL) after the glucose challenge when compared to RI (p<0.001), and exhibited comparable postprandial glycemic control to that of the co-administration. After the oral glucose challenge, the mean absolute change in blood glucose and was less in XP-3924 when compared to both co-administration and to RI (197.7±70.74 mg/dL, 230.5±162.39 mg/dL, 254.2±195.21 mg/dL, respectively), as well as GV as defined by the comparison of the intrasubject coefficient of variation of plasma glucose readings across study treatments (53.3%, 62.1%, 71.0%, respectively). The PK of Pramlintide in XP-3924 when compared to co-administration, exhibited longer median Tmax [40.5 (range 21.0–150.0) minutes versus 10.0 (range 10.0–24.0) minutes, respectively], and comparable AUC0-360. The incidence and severity of treatment emergent adverse events (e.g., injection site reactions, minimal nausea and vomiting) was comparable across all treatment arms with no drug-related serious adverse events. Conclusion: XP-3924 was well tolerated and significantly improved post-prandial glucose excursions and glycemic variability compared to regular insulin. XP-3924 also exhibited a favorable PK and PD profile and may be a viable alternative to insulin and pramlintide co-administration to improve treatment adherence and overall glycemic control, especially after meals, addressing an unmet need in the clinical care of people with type 1 diabetes.

Field Test and Discussion on Individualized Test Cycle of Water Injection Wells

As the oilfield enters the late development stage of ultra-high water cut, the number of separate layer water injection wells increases year by year, and the single well interval becomes finer and finer, which makes the test adjustment more difficult and the qualification rate of periodic test matching lower, and finally affects the decline of water injection qualification rate. In view of the above reasons, it is urgent to formulate a personalized test cycle. It is a major task to ensure the stable production of the oilfield to ensure the water injection, enough water injection, improve the quality of water injection, and ensure that the water drive oilfield development meets the program requirements at the injection end. In the past year, the influencing factors of water injection qualification rate of water drive separate layer wells have been analyzed, and the change law of inspection qualification rate has been explored. Through the demonstration of experimental work, the personalized test cycle is discussed. The original 4-month test cycle is shortened to 2 months, and the test cycle is extended for wells with 100% qualified rate, and the test cycle is shortened for wells with less than 80% qualified rate. The problems such as long inspection period, low qualified rate of water injection and difficult single well test and adjustment are solved. To achieve accurate water injection, and ultimately achieve the purpose of stabilizing oil and controlling water.

Research and application of full electronic control testing technology for chemical flooding in Daqing Oilfield

chemical flooding and separate injection has entered the stage of large-scale popularization and application. With the deepening of development, the number of separate injection wells is increasing year by year, and the test workload is increasing continuously. Because the test and adjustment period of chemical flooding wells is shorter than that of water flooding, the test workload and test pressure are further increased The electric sealing and fishing technology is adopted to realize the electric control direct reading in the whole process of sealing, bailing and adjustment of chemical flooding wells, and the efficiency of measurement and adjustment is further improved. This paper introduces the process principle, technical characteristics and application effect of electric sealing and fishing technology of chemical drive. Fund supported projects: National Science and technology major project 2016zx05054 “Daqing placanticline extra high water cut oilfield EOR demonstration project”.

Cabotegravir-Rilpivirine: The First Complete Long-Acting Injectable Regimen for the Treatment of HIV-1 Infection.

To review the efficacy and safety of cabotegravir (CAB) with rilpivirine (RPV) in the treatment of HIV-1 infection. A literature search was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar (2010 to January 2021) with the search terms cabotegravir and rilpivirine. Other resources included abstracts presented at recent conferences and the manufacturer's website and prescribing information. All English-language articles of studies assessing the efficacy and safety of CAB with RPV were included. The combination of CAB, a new integrase strand transfer inhibitor, and RPV, an established nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, is the first long-acting dual therapy approved for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults who have achieved viral suppression on a standard antiretroviral therapy (ART). This regimen demonstrated comparable maintenance of viral suppression evaluated up to 160 weeks, with low rates of virological failure. CAB and RPV are available as suspension given intramuscularly in 2 separate injections every 4 weeks. Common adverse effects include injection site reactions, pyrexia, fatigue, and headache. CAB and RPV are also available as tablets given orally for bridging therapy. This long-acting dual therapy represents an attractive option with a high barrier to resistance for adults who have achieved viral suppression on standard ART and who prefer monthly injections over daily oral therapy. CAB-RPV is the first complete long-acting injectable that provides a convenient way to maintain viral suppression with no negative effects on renal and bone health and few drug interactions.

Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging applied to rat model of contrast-induced acute kidney injury

ObjectivesIn this preclinical investigation, the feasibility of using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to study contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) is explored, comparing radiographic outcomes with histopathologic and immunohistochemical findings after repeated animal exposures to iodinated contrast agent.Materials and MethodsForty-five male wistar rats were allocated to three groups (n = 15 each), each receiving two separate injections 1 day apart: group 1 (iodixanol then saline); group 2 (iodixanol twice); and control group (saline twice). Five rats were then randomly selected from each group at three separate time points (1 h, 24 h, and 120 h) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Upon MRI completion, the animals were sacrificed, examining renal tissue and serum creatinine level. DTI data served to calculate fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC).ResultsFA values were significantly lower in group 2 than in the others. Compared with controls, FA assessments at 1 h, 24 h, and 120 h after injections commenced were significantly lower in group 2; and ADC was significantly more pronounced at 24 h. Serum creatinine levels at 24 h were markedly elevated in both groups 1 and 2. Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant negative correlations between FA (r = −0.730; p < 0.05) or ADC (r = −0.827; p < 0.05) and tubular injury and between FA (r = −0.563; p < 0.05) or ADC (r = −0.805; p < 0.05) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α.ConclusionsAnalytic approaches to DTI with better reproducibility should aid in monitoring the early pathophysiologic derangements of CIAKI, thus facilitating timely reversal of the detrimental effects.

Development of a Liquid/Liquid Extraction Method and GC/MS Analysis Dedicated to the Quantitative Analysis of PAHs and O-PACs in Groundwater from Contaminated Sites and Soils

A liquid/liquid extraction method coupled with a GC/MS analysis was optimized to quantify 27 polycyclic aromatic compounds in groundwater from contaminated sites. The aim was to optimize an analytical method to determine Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) and Oxygenated Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds (O-PACs) in water and for apply the method to ground water samples collected from contaminated sites. The analysis takes place in one run, including dissolved as well as colloid and particle-associated compounds. Artificially contaminated waters were prepared with two concentration ranges from 0.01 to 1 µg L−1 and 0.5 to 50 µg L−1. This method proceeds with two main steps. The first step is a liquid/liquid extraction with dichloromethane followed by a concentration procedure. The second step is the injection for separation and quantification in a gas chromatograph coupled with a mass spectrometer. The novelty of this work concerns the control of each step by the introduction of deuterated standards in order in order to estimate the recoveries during the extraction, concentration and injection in the process as well as the possibility of quantifying PAC total concentrations in water. This method leads to very good quantification limits ranging from 1 to 60 ng L−1 for PAHs and from 10 to 1,200 ng L−1 for O-PACs, respectively. High sensitivity has been achieved with some of the PAHs with a good R 2 factor higher than 0.994 in the concentration range 0.01 to 1 µ L−1.

Validation of LC-MS/MS methods for determination of remdesivir and its metabolites GS-441524 and GS-704277 in acidified human plasma and their application in COVID-19 related clinical studies

Remdesivir (RDV) is a phosphoramidate prodrug designed to have activity against a broad spectrum of viruses. Following IV administration, RDV is rapidly distributed into cells and tissues and simultaneously metabolized into GS-441524 and GS-704277 in plasma. LC-MS/MS methods were validated for determination of the 3 analytes in human plasma that involved two key aspects to guarantee their precision, accuracy and robustness. First, instability issues of the analytes were overcome by diluted formic acid (FA) treatment of the plasma samples. Secondly, a separate injection for each analyte was performed with different ESI modes and organic gradients to achieve sensitivity and minimize carryover. Chromatographic separation was achieved on an Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.8 μm) with a run time of 3.4 min. The calibration ranges were 4–4000, 2–2000, and 2–2000 ng/mL, respectively for RDV, GS-441524 and GS-704277. The intraday and interday precision (%CV) across validation runs at 3 QC levels for all 3 analytes was less than 6.6%, and the accuracy was within ±11.5%. The long-term storage stability in FA-treated plasma was established to be 392, 392 and 257 days at −70 °C, respectively for RDV, GS-441524 and GS-704277. The validated method was successfully applied in COVID-19 related clinical studies.

ADO09, a co-formulation of the amylin analogue pramlintide and the insulin analogue A21G, lowers postprandial blood glucose versus insulin lispro in type 1 diabetes.

To compare the safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ADO09 with insulin lispro (Lispro) and separate subcutaneous injections of human insulin and pramlintide (Ins&Pram) in 24 subjects with type 1 diabetes. At three dosing visits, participants received single doses of ADO09, Ins&Pram or Lispro immediately before eating a standardized mixed meal together with 1 g of acetaminophen, which was used as a surrogate marker to evaluate the kinetics of gastric emptying. Premeal blood glucose was adjusted to 126 mg/dL ± 10% by means of insulin and glucose infusions. The insulin dose was 7.5 U and the pramlintide dose was 45 μg. Blood glucose, glucagon and acetaminophen concentrations were assessed as pharmacodynamic endpoints; insulin and pramlintide concentrations were analysed as pharmacokinetic endpoints, and safety and tolerability were assessed. Compared with Lispro, ADO09 reduced postprandial blood glucose (ppBG) excursions by more than 95% in the first hour postmeal (mean ± SD ∆AUC BG 0-1 h: 1.4 ± 9.9 mg*h/dL vs. 43.5 ± 15.3 mg*h/dL; p < .0001). Maximum ppBG was significantly improved with ADO09 (∆BGmax 87.0 ± 35.5 mg/dL) versus both Lispro (109.2 ± 31.1 mg/dL; p = .0133) and Ins&Pram (109.4 ± 44.3 mg/dL; p = .0357). Gastric emptying with ADO09 was similar to Ins&Pram and significantly slower than with Lispro. All treatments were well tolerated and both adverse events and hypoglycaemic events were rare during the meal test procedure. ADO09 was well tolerated and markedly reduced ppBG compared with Lispro. ADO09 formulation was generally similar to the separate administration of insulin and pramlintide, except for a better BG level in the 4-8 h interval postmeal. These positive results warrant further investigations with ADO09.

Effect evaluation and influencing factors of stratified water injection in low permeability reservoir

The main production layers in Danba oil area of Yanchang oilfield are Chang 4 + 5 and Chang 6 oil layers, which are the main development areas for increasing reserves and production. In view of the unclear influencing factors of water injection effect and the disunity of effect evaluation in the study area, the stratified water injection effect evaluation and influencing factors of low permeability reservoir are studied by means of production data statistical analysis and numerical simulation. The results show that the effect of water injection in the study area is affected by five factors: intraformational heterogeneity, interlayer heterogeneity, interlayer pressure difference, fracture and water injection timing, the results show that the water injection effect is obvious in the study area by using the five indexes of water drive reserves producing degree, water storage rate, water drive index, oil recovery rate and water drive control degree. The research results provide ideas for the study of high-efficiency separate layer water injection in low permeability reservoir, and provide guidance for the next step of potential mining.

Research on optimization of single well testing workload and efficiency

With the enlargement of production scale and the increase of survey and adjustment work, the mismatch between test requirement and test capability becomes more and more serious. In order to further control the test cost and improve the efficiency of survey and adjustment, according to the characteristics of the peripheral oil reservoirs and sections, differential management of survey and adjustment cycle and effective methods of matching injection points are actively carried out, on the basis of satisfying the development requirements and smooth operation of various indexes, solve the mismatch between test requirements and test capabilities. By analyzing the use cycle of test data under different conditions, the type of wells with extended use cycle is determined, which can effectively reduce the need of test work under the condition that the separate layer water injection is qualified. The distribution rules of different sizes of nozzles are statistically analyzed, and the selection rules of nozzles in special layers are made clear in advance to improve the debugging efficiency of injection allocation point.