Separate Book Research Articles

Языковые ошибки в переводе автобиографической книги Питирима Сорокина «A long Journey» на коми язык

Introduction: in modern linguistics, a branch of linguistics – translation studies – was formed. Its aim is to research the processes of translations from one language to other in different aspects. Based on the material of the Russian Finno-Ugric languages, this branch of science takes its first steps. In this article, we analyze the texts of the autobiography by P. Sorokin «A long Journey. The autobiography of Pitirim Sorokin» (1963) in the Russian and Komi languages; fragments of texts are compared with the original English text; language errors in translation were identified. Objective: to consider the language errors in the use of vocabulary in the text of the translation of P. A. Sorokin’s autobiography into the Komi language identified by systematic comparisons of fragments of texts in the English, Russian and Komi languages. Research materials: the texts of P. A. Sorokin’s autobiography published in separate books of different years. Results and novelty of the research: the article for the first time considers translation errors found in the text of the translation of the autobiography of the world-famous sociologist, a native of the Komi region, Pitirim Alexandrovich Sorokin into the Komi language, published as a separate book in Syktyvkar in 2013. The errors are analyzed on the basis of successive comparisons with the English-language original and the translation of the same book into the Russian, published in Syktyvkar in 1991. The analysis of the translation language (the first 40 pages of the autobiography) allowed us to conclude that the translation into the Komi language was not made from the original language, as it is stated in the bibliographic description, but from the Russian translation of the autobiography, since most of the translation errors from the Russianlanguage text were transferred to the Komi-language text.

Politics and Community-based Research: perspectives from Yeoville Studio, Johannesburg ed. by Claire Bénit-Gbaffou et al

Reviewed by: Politics and Community-based Research: perspectives from Yeoville Studio, Johannesburg ed. by Claire Bénit-Gbaffou et al Paul Jenkins Claire Bénit-Gbaffou, Kirsten Dörmann, Sarah Charlton, Sophie Didier (eds) (2019) Politics and Community-based Research: perspectives from Yeoville Studio, Johannesburg. Johannesburg: Wits UP. This quite recent publication (2019) from Wits University Press is based on a ‘City Studio’ undertaken by the School of Architecture and Planning at the University of the Witwatersrand (Wits) in the three-year period 2010 to 2012. Originally planned as two separate books, it was eventually edited into one quite long publication (circa 400 pages) and published some considerable time later. Only available in hardback, while it is relatively accessible in South Africa (R550) it is – like so many limited-edition academic books these days – expensive elsewhere (eg £78 though Amazon UK, at almost three times the recommended South African price). This mention of the book’s cost is relevant to its potential readership, as it would be most likely to be of interest to academics working with communities (especially in South Africa), as well as community organisations and/or NGOs working with academia. While the former could benefit from library purchases, the latter are much less likely to access the book’s content in its current published form.1 This then leads to query: why produce a book with such a community focus? The editors’ declared objective is to examine the objectives, processes and (to a limited extent) the results of academic engagement – and it is explicitly a review from the university’s viewpoint, even more so, primarily that of the editors. The material is authored by 24 different people (four of whom are also the editors) – half of the authors being academic staff and half were students (at Masters or PhD level) at the time of the studio. Two [End Page 118] contacts, the others all at Wits University at the time (eight were based at the host School). Of the 28 chapters, the editors are involved in 16, and the lead editor (who also directed the studio) in 12 of these – including individually authoring the principal introductory and review chapters. There is thus a quite narrow authorial and editorial focus. Some authors, of course, have moved on since the studio was completed some eight years ago, and the relatively long time delay from studio implementation to book publications does show through in the text, which was generally not updated closer to publication date. That this was perhaps inevitable given time constraints from all involved is understandable, but with fast changing community politics it again reinforces the academic focus of the book project (and also to some extent, doubtless, the result of academic pressure to publish). Here is perhaps the moment to state the reviewer’s personal engagement with/awareness of the project. As a visiting professor at the School of Architecture and Planning at Wits University from 2010–2013, this brought an awareness of the studio through invitations to go along to at least one event in the area – but more so, the reviewer was appointed as head of the School in late 2013, stepping back to a part-time professorship in late 2018 and retiring a year later from academia. As such he was involved in the resource manage-ment issues for the City Studios which came subsequent to Yeoville, and also aware of the struggle for publication of this book by School staff. During this term as head of School there was no other direct involvement; however, the role did provide an understanding of the possibilities and constraints for how such community-based research can be accommodated within South African academia. The reviewer also has personally had extensive experience of community-based work, both professionally and academically, mostly in Portuguese-speaking Africa and UK academia – concerning planning and architecture issues – which also provides a wider context for this review. This included extensive action research, NGO training and community engagement (including in South Africa during the transition 1993–1996) of what has been termed ‘spatial agency’, which also has relevance for this review. Returning to the stated objectives of the book, according to the lead editor and...

Review of The Game Audio Strategy Guide

Review of <i>The Game Audio Strategy Guide</i>

Http://habibiaislamicus.com/index.php/hirj/article/view/142

Ibn-e-Syed Alnas is one of the famous scholar and biography writers. His book "Ouon-ul-Asr" is among the primary resources of Seerat . There is found some research work about this book and there are three types of research mostly being done: 1. Explanation, 2. Summarization, 3.Takhreej.This article is about the book "Noor-ul-Ouon" which is summary of "Ouon-ul-Asr" and the author is Ibn-e- Syed Alnas is himself. Some Writers expressed their doubts about his book and objected that this is not short version of "Ouon-ul-Asr" but it is a separate book .So it is very important and necessary that all of the doubts and objections should be addressed. This article covers the given below points.1-Biography of Ibn-e-Syed Alnas, 2-Hisvaluable contribution, 3-Introduction of the book "Noor-ul-Ouon", 4-Doubts, Confusions, and Objections about the book and its clearance.

جهود هیئة کبار العلماء بالمملکة العربیة السعودیة فی مکافحة الإرهاب والغلو والتطرف

جهود هیئة کبار العلماء بالمملکة العربیة السعودیة فی مکافحة الإرهاب والغلو والتطرف

A whole century in the vibrating net of arts

The edition of Bratoeva-Darakchieva, Ingeborg; Genova, Irina; Levi, Claire; Spassova-Dikova, Joanna; Stoilova-Doncheva, Teodora; Tasheva, Stela; Traykova, Elka. Bulgarian 20th Century in Arts and Culture. Institute of Art Studies, 2019, ISBN: 978-954-8594-77-6, 632 рр. 333 ill. http://artstudies.bg/books/BG_XX_EN_2019_IIIzk.pdf in Bulgarian and in English in two separate books comes as a result of a collaborative interdisciplinary project supported by the National Science Fund, Bulgaria, which aims to present a general view on the history of arts in Bulgaria during the 20th century. There are specific but also general, parallel intellectual and artistic processes observed in the field of literature, theatre, music, cinema, visual arts and architecture. The accent is put on phenomena related to the modernization of Bulgarian culture and its place in the context of the flexible, dynamic cultural dimensions of modern Europe. The texts are structured in three parts: Under the Sign of Modern Europe (1878–1944), Metamorphoses of Modernity (1945–1989), Challenges in a Time of Transition (1989–2000). Splitting the period into topical parts creates convenience of sharpening the accents related to various “aspects of change” in the development of a particular art and its specific reflections from the point of view of personal and community identity analysed in synchronous or diachronous terms. The marking of such cross nodes (temporal, socio-cultural, institutional, genric, etc.) by following mosaic-chronological principle is conventional and provocative to the traditional idea concerning developmental trends in Bulgarian culture of the past century. The publication is richly illustrated and has an extensive bibliography. It is intended for a wide range of readers. It is evaluated as excellent edition by the National Science Fund, Bulgaria.

“BETWEEN EUROPE AND ASIA.” ORIENTALIST NARRATIVES OF ALEXANDRA FUCHS: THE RHETORIC OF WRITING AND THE AUTHOR’S POSITION

The article discusses ethnographic essays and novellas in the poems by Alexandra Andreevna Fuchs. The wife of a famous professor Karl Fuchs, she was resident of Kazan, hosted a literary salon, which was frequented by many local and visiting writers and poets, and met with Alexander Pushkin during his stay in the town. Alexandra Fuchs became the first Russian ethnographer writer; she purposefully traveled to places where the Chuvash, Mari (Cheremis), and Udmurts (Votyaks) lived, and wrote essays about the life, daily routine, manners and customs of these peoples drawing on her personal observations. Her essays took the form of letters and were often accompanied by response letters from her husband. They were published in the Kazan magazine Zavolzhsky Muravey [Zavolzhsky Ant], in the regional newspaper Kazanskie gubernskie vedomosti [Kazan Provincial Gazette], as well as in a number of separate books. The article analyzes the rhetorical peculiarities and author’s position of Alexandra Fuks’ essay writing. The analysis also involves ethnographic-fiction novellas (poems) by A. Fuchs, taken, according to her, “from the Tatar tradition”: ‘Princess Habiba’, ‘Founding of the city of Kazan’, a comment to which was written by her husband. These works fit into the tradition of the “Eastern novella”, popular in Russia since the eighteenth century. Depicting the exotic life of ancient Tatars and the peoples neighboring Kazan, Alexandra Fuchs sought to reconcile the orientation of the region to the East with the Orthodox-Imperial ideology which (in her view) was more advanced and progressive. Her sympathies as the author lay with female characters who contradicted traditional Muslim customs. Alexandra Fuchs’ essays and tales played a considerable role in awakening the interest of a Russian reader to the peoples of the empire, which preceded the mid-19th century rise of ethnography in science and literature.

Writing and Power in the Roman World: Literacies and Material Culture

Writing and Power in the Roman World: Literacies and Material Culture

The Engineering Dynamics Course Companion, Part 1: Particles: Kinematics and Kinetics

Engineering Dynamics Course Companion, Part 1: Particles: Kinematics and Kinetics is a supplemental textbook intended to assist students, especially visual learners, in their approach to Sophomore-level Engineering Dynamics. This text covers particle kinematics and kinetics and emphasizes Newtonian Mechanics Problem Solving Skills in an accessible and fun format, organized to coincide with the first half of a semester schedule many instructors choose, and supplied with numerous example problems. While this book addresses Particle Dynamics, a separate book (Part 2) is available that covers Rigid Body Dynamics.

The Engineering Dynamics Course Companion, Part 2: Rigid Bodies: Kinematics and Kinetics

Engineering Dynamics Course Companion, Part 2: Rigid Bodies: Kinematics and Kinetics is a supplemental textbook intended to assist students, especially visual learners, in their approach to Sophomore-level Engineering Dynamics. This text covers particle kinematics and kinetics and emphasizes Newtonian Mechanics Problem Solving Skills in an accessible and fun format, organized to coincide with the first half of a semester schedule many instructors choose, and supplied with numerous example problems. While this book addresses Rigid Body Dynamics, a separate book (Part 1) is available that covers Particle Dynamics.

Sforno’s Threefold Approach to the Torah’s Structure

Abstract Classical exegetes’ exploration of structure and order in the Pentateuch is generally perceived as part of an internal-Jewish debate. However, in an exceptional testimonial, the introduction to R. Ovadiah Sforno’s Torah commentary describes a polemic against the Torah grounded in a claim about the Torah’s disorderliness. Responding to this critique, Sforno set out to uncover the Torah’s logical order. His efforts to elucidate the Torah’s order and structure include three aspects: he points to a circular structure that is repeated seven times in Genesis-Numbers, he systematically links the independent legal sections in Deuteronomy, and he discusses the Torah’s division into five separate books. While methodically addressing the question of order, Sforno also offers a response to fundamental theological issues at the center of the interfaith polemic.

L.I. Strakhovsky: Between Symbolism and Acmeism (Based on Foreign Publications)

The article is devoted to L.I. Strakhovsky (alias Leonid Chatsky; 1898—1963), a Russian writer and poet of the first wave of emigration, and his poetry and prose reflected in foreign publications of his works in Russian. Returning to our culture the name of this author, now half-forgotten in his homeland, and introducing this name into literary studies, the article tries to reveal the thematic and stylistic diversity of L.I. Strakhovsky’s poetry and prose. The research’s object is foreign publications of L.I. Strakhovsky’s artistic works in separate books, almanacs and periodicals published in Belgium, Germany, Canada and identified through collection catalogues of leading Russian libraries (the Russian State library, the Alexander Solzhenitsyn House of Russia Abroad) and library resources that display foreign Russian-language publications by L.I. Strakhovsky. The article highlights and analyzes the main stylistic (symbolism, acmeism, “junior acmeism”) and thematic (autobiographical, English, mystical) components of L.I. Strakhovsky’s works, reveals the components’ individual features, the originality of their constancy and mutual influence. The main of these features is that L.I. Strakhovsky’s works can be stylistically periodized on the basis of the author’s increased propensity to cyclize his works though without creative evolution in the usual sense and with the stable nature of his working throughout his life. To review the publications and analyze the nature of L.I. Strakhovsky’s works, the article draws on the context of Russian and emigrant literature of his era, creatively associated with L.I. Strakhovsky and its main figures, and notes his literary and cultural influence.

ПУБЛІКАЦІЙНА АКТИВНІСТЬ С. РУСОВОЇ ЯК ЗАПОРУКА ПОПУЛЯРИЗАЦІЇ ПРОГРЕСИВНИХ ІДЕЙ КІН. ХІХ – ПОЧ. ХХ СТ.

For more than 70 years, S. Rusova's creative legacy was kept in special repositories, as she was declared a bourgeois nationalist in the Soviet era. Today, the multifaceted pedagogical and educational activities of teachers of European level are available for study and are the subject of scientific research. In our article, using the method of content analysis, quantitative indicators of publication activity of a famous journalist and public figure are determined, because the number of publications is a very important indicator for the recognition of authors, their contribution to science, any field of creative activity. Analyzed how certain historical realities can affect the work of the author, and the productive activities of this author can affect the general state of public opinion in the late nineteenth – early twentieth century. The biobibliographic index «Sofia Rusova – teacher, statesman, teacher», published in 2010 on the occasion of the 155th anniversary of the birth of the famous Ukrainian woman, was chosen as the basis for quantitative calculations. Index created by specialists of DNPB of Ukraine named after V.O. Sukhomlinsky, and is the first biobibliographic publication about S. Rusova in Ukraine. The index contains a list of works and research on the life and multifaceted activities of an outstanding teacher. In order to fully cover the creative work of the scientist, it included bibliographic descriptions of S. Rusova's works and scientific publications devoted to her life, pedagogical and socio-cultural activities, published since the 80s of the XIX century. until 2010, as separate books and articles in scientific collections and periodicals in Ukraine and abroad. Based on the results of calculations, graphs were developed, which indicate the number of publications for each year. The chronological framework of the schedules was established within the framework of the most established periodization of S. Rusova's creative heritage, where four periods in the life of a well-known public figure and publicist are distinguished. Thus, during the first period (end of XIX-1905) 34 publications were published; for the second period (1906–1916) – 136 publications; for the third (1917–1921) – 42 materials; for the fourth period (1922–1940) – 144 publications.

From the Legacy of Meilė Lukšienė’s Manuscripts: The Winding History of the Publication of the Texts by Franciszek Ksawery Michał Bohusz SJ

Based on historiography and primary sources, this is a reconstruction of the history behind the intentions of Meilė Lukšienė (1913–2009), a literary scholar and a Lithuanian pedagogy researcher, to publish the works by Franciszek Ksawery Michał Bohusz SJ (1746–1820). The methods of publication chosen by Meilė Lukšienė are briefly discussed. Bohusz wrote in Polish, yet Lukšienė maintained that the translation of his texts had to be published as a source important to the development of Lithuanian culture. It was not found that Lukšienė had deliberated the possibility of publishing the texts in their original language. The research suggests that in Lithuanian historiography, the genesis of the publication of Bohusz’s texts can be associated with the translation into Lithuanian of the general Lithuanian school visitation reports from 1803 that Lukšienė had prepared for publication in 1966 but which were never released. She planned to publish a translation of Bohusz’s study O początkach narodu i języka litewskiego (1808; On the Beginning of the Lithuanian Nation and Language). It is a work that has not lost its importance to the studies on nineteenth-century Lithuanian history and cultural development. Lukšienė compiled a publishing proposal featuring a collection of Bohusz’s relevant texts. There were intentions to publish his texts, already prepared to be released, as a separate book in the series ‘Library of Lithuanian Studies’ (Lith. Lituanistinė biblioteka). The Vaga Publishing House had been publishing this series of works related to Lithuanian studies since 1966. Lukšienė presented her proposals to publish the collection of Bohusz’s texts to the Vaga Publishing House three times (in around 1973, 1978, and 1987). None of these attempts drew the publisher’s attention. It is presumed that Lukšienė’s ideological attitudes, deemed unacceptable to the Soviet regime, influenced directly the position held by the Vaga Publishing House. It cannot be dismissed that Bohusz as the author of the proposed texts could have also affected the publisher’s position, as a negative attitude towards him, both as a personality and his works, was formed in the Soviet years. The unsuccessful attempts of Lukšienė to incorporate Bohusz’s relevant texts into Lithuanian historiography should be viewed as an outcome of the ideologisation of cultural life by the Soviet regime. The history of Lukšienė’s unrealised idea is an informative source of data for research into the situation of the humanities in the Soviet period.

Bir Mezhebin Yitik Kültürü: Hanefî Mezhebi Nevâdir Literatürü

Ḥanafī jurisprudential books written until the mid-fifth/eleventh century devel¬oped four basic concepts in order to identify issues transmitted from the masters of the Iraqi schools and sources: uṣūl (al-Aṣl/al-Mabsūṭ), jāmi‘ayn ( al Jāmi‘ al-ṣaghīr and al Jāmi‘ al-kabīr), amālī and nawādir. Among them, Uṣūl and Nawādir maintained greater salience. The first of these two concepts, uṣūl, covers the issues discussed in the circle led by the head of the school, Abū Ḥanīfa, and the books on these issues. Shaybānī reorganized these Uṣūl books by adding them his own opinions and those of Abū Yūsuf and Zufar. These books, except for a few of them, have survived through the present under the title al-Aṣl/al-Mabsūṭ. The second concept, nawādir, refers to the books recorded by the students of the school masters of the opinions proposed by Abū Yūsuf and Shaybānī, espe¬cially the ones that are not included in Uṣūl books. In other words, nawādir are those books on issues recorded by the students in particular. They may include the masters’ interpretations, responses to questions and some of their theological views. Among nawādir books, only the text written by Mu‘allā b. Manṣūr remains preserved in its entirety. In addition, a book, Nawādir al-ṣiyām, attributed to Shaybānī, remains as a part of al-Aṣl. Amālīs are books that include issues on which Abū Yūsuf and Shaybānī expressed their opinions without being bound by the limits of uṣūl. They may cover issues discussed in nawādir. We have now only a small amālī that belongs to Shaybānī. The importance of amālīs comes from the fact that they also include nawādir. Almost all of the transmitters of nawādir accounts participated in the circles of amālī headed by Abū Yūsuf and Shaybānī, which shows that the issues of nawādir were discussed in the Amālī circles. The students participating in the amālī circles collected the issues they heard from Abū Yūsuf and Shaybānī, except for the ones included in the uṣūl, and created the nawādir literature based on these collections. The only person who transmitted nawādir issues from Abū Yūsuf and Shaybānī in separate books was Muḥammad ibn Samā‘a, who was also the transmitters of the content of both masters’ amālī circles. 19 books from Nawādir literature that cover the new ideas of Abū Yūsuf and Shaybānī that were not included in uṣūl have been identified. The nawādir issues in these books usually belong to Abū Ḥanīfa, Abū Yūsuf, Shaybānī and Zufar, and more particularly to Abū Yūsuf and Shaybānī. In addition, the nawādir books of Bishr ibn Ghiyāth, ‘Ῑsā ibn Abān and Muḥammad ibn Shujā‘ include the opinions of the school’s masters as well as the authors’ own opinions. The ideas of some important students of the school’s master, Abū Ḥanīfa, such as Ḥasan ibn Ziyād, did not receive space in uṣūl, nor did they have any personal nawādir books. Some books of Ziyād, like al-Mujarrad, were considered nawādir in later peri¬ods, but this was related to the different definition of nawādir at the time, so it should not be considered as fitting properly into the nawādir category. Although Muḥammad ibn Muqātil’s opinions are not recorded in uṣūl, they are kept in a separate nawādir volume. As a student of Shaybānī, Ibn Muqātil’s ideas were collected in a book under the title of nawādir. Although this book, lost now, is referred to as nawādir, according to research, the book is composed of answers to the questions posed to Ibn Muqātil. Therefore, it was the first example of a distinct literature that became called fatāwā. Once classified according to the person they belonged to, nawādir books include 10 nawādir volumes for Shaybānī’s opinions, 7 for Abū Yūsuf ’s opinions, one for Zufar and one for Ibn Muqātil. Shaybānī’s nawādir books are the following: Nawādir al-ṣalāt li-Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan, Nawādir al-zakāt li-Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan, Nawādir al-ṣiyām li-Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan, Nawādir Hishām ibn ‘Ubaydallāh al Rāzī (d. 221/836), Nawādir Ibrāhīm ibn Rustam (d. 211/827), Nawādir Muḥammad b. Samā‘a (d. 233/848), Nawādir Dāwūd b. Rushayd (d. 239/854), Nawādir ‘Ali ibn Yazīd (d. after 191/807), Nawādir Abū Sulaymān al Juzjānī (d. 200/816) and Nawādir ‘Ῑsā ibn Abān (d. 221/836). Abū Yūsuf ’s Nawādir books are the following: Nawādir Mu‘allā ibn Manŝūr (d. 211/826), Nawādir Abī Yūsuf rivāya Muḥammad ibn Samā‘a (d. 233/848), Nawādir Bishr ibn al Walīd (d. 238/853), Nawādir Abī Yūsuf rivāya Ali ibn al Ja‘d (d. 230/845), Nawādir Muḥammad b. Shujā‘ al-Thaljī (d. 266/880), Nawādir Bishr b. Ghiyāth (d. 218/833), Nawādir Abī Yūsuf (d. 182/798).

An examination of SOAR strategies for college students writing from multiple sources: Soaring to Successful Synthesis Writing

Writing assignments at the collegiate level that emphasize synthesis are quite often assigned. In reading-to-writing tasks, students must choose, organize, and integrate facts from a variety of sources in order to produce an original piece of writing. This might be challenging for certain students. Consequently, it could be challenging for college students to construct a synthesis that has a distinct structure and is tightly connected to their own ideas. This research aimed to get a deeper understanding of the SOAR strategy system, which assists students in selecting, arranging, linking, and controlling various forms of information. This was accomplished in full compliance with the requirements for the synthesis writing process. In the first piece of study, the value of the educational tools that SOAR has made available to its users was investigated. Reading four separate books—four that can be finished with or without the SOAR supplements, depending on the student's preference—helps college students prepare to write synthesis essays. These four readings can be completed with or without the SOAR supplements. Students who did not utilize SOAR as their guide were able to write essays that were less comprehensive (in terms of the selection of relevant materials), less categorically organized (in terms of structuring), and had fewer intertextual relationships than students who did use SOAR as their guide (connecting). The second experiment investigated the degree to which SOA is trainable and how the quality of synthesis writing is affected by student-created SOAR tools. Students in higher education were tasked with completing their first assignment, an essay in the form of basic synthesis. After that, individuals either elected to participate in the SOAR program or decided against it and relied on their methods instead. They finished yet another writing synthesis project as their very final assignment for the day. Students who had participated in SOAR instruction could produce better-structured essays and covered more ground than those who had not participated in the program. During the dialogues, a broad variety of topics were discussed. Some of these topics included the underlying cognitive mechanisms, the limits of the study, prospective directions that future research would pursue, and the practical ramifications.

البنى الأسلوبیّة فی شعر صفیّ الدین الحلیّ الأُرْتَقِیّات أنموذجًا

ملخص البحث تناول هذا البحث ضربا من شعر صفي الحلي، خصصه لمدح نجم الدين غازي الأرتقي، وقد جمعه في کتاب منفصل وسماه کتاب درر النحور في امتداح الملک المنصور ، وعرفت أشعاره بالأرتقيات نسبة إلى الممدوح. ونظمت على نسق محبوک الطرفين. ويعد صفي الدين الحلي من أشهر ممن أبدعوا في هذا الضرب من الشعر، بل نسج على منواله تسعا وعشرين قصيدة، وقد أبدع إبداعا لم يدانه فيه شاعر من قبل، ولا من بعد إلى يومنا هذا. ولم يکن تفوقه بسبب نسجه على الشکل الذي تعارف عليه أهل زمانه فحسب، بل لأنه استطاع أن يحقق فيه النظم باتحاد اللفظ مع المعنى؛ لذا درس البحث شعره دراسة أسلوبية؛ لتبيان مدى إبداعه في ذلک، وقد توصل البحث إلى أن الشاعر کان متميزا في هذا المجال، واستطاع توظيف البنى الأسلوبية الأربع (البنية المعجمية الدلالية، والبنية الصوتية، والبنية الترکيبية، والبنية التخييلية) توظيفا ينبئ عن شاعرية فذة. وقد عزا البحث هذا التفوق إلى ثقافة الشاعر الواسعة، وامتلاکه ناصية اللغة العربية حتى صار من المصنفين في علومها. Stylistic Structures in the Classroom Poetry of Safi al-Din Al-Hilly al-Ortaqyiyyat as Exemplar Hassan Ajab al-Dor Hassan Muhammad Majoring in Rhetoric and Criticism, College of Arabic Language and Social Studies, Qassim University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Email: h.silk@yahoo.com Abstract This research dealt with a type of poetry of Safi Al-Halli, devoted to the praise of Nagm el-dean Ghazi Al-Ertiqa, and he compiled it in a separate book and called it “The Book of Durr Al-Nahour in Praising King Al-Mansour”, and his poems were known as the elevations according to Al-Mamdouh. It was organized according to the knit of the two parties. Safi Al-Din Al-Halli is considered one of the most famous among those who excelled in this type of poetry. Rather, he woven twenty-nine poems, and he created an innovation in which a poet did not condemn him before, or even after today. His superiority was not only due to his weaving in the form known to the people of his time, but also because he was able to achieve systems by combining the word with meaning; So the research studied his hair stylistic study; To demonstrate the extent of his creativity in this, the research found that the poet was distinguished in this field, and he was able to employ the four stylistic structures (semantic lexical structure, sound structure, syntactic structure, and imaginary structure) an employment that predicts a unique poetic. The research attributed this superiority to the poet's vast culture, and his possession of the corner of the Arabic language even became classified in its sciences.

„O swoich dziełach i myśli swojej” – wywiad udzielony Spirosowi Koutroulisowi wiosną 1998 roku

Panagiotis Kondylis demonstrated the background of his research and his way of thinking in three extensive interviews (one in German, two in Greek) which were also translated, and even published in the form of a separate book in Greek. These interviews enable more profound understanding of his output and the way and direction of his argumentation, his approach to the issues studied and his polemical nature which are all best reflected in his discussions with other thinkers. This text contains a Polish translation of the last of three interviews Kondylis gave to Spiros Koutroulis in spring of 1998 (two other interviews were made available to Polish readers in 2016 and 2018). The translated interview was originally published in Greek in the Νέα Κοινωνιολογία journal [“New Sociology”] (25, 1998, pp. 17-36) and was later included in the book entitled Το αόρατο χρονολόγιο της σκέψης: Απαντήσεις σε 28 ερωτήματα (Invisible chronology of thoughts. Answers to 28 questions). A relevant part of this book is the source for the above translation. The text also contains a study in which a short description of the source is presented; it was embedded in a broader context, compared with other interviews. Additional sources used in the translation process were indicated. Supplementary information, e.g. conceptual and terminological inadequacy of the source language and the target message, is also provided in the translation footnotes.

The views of teachers and students on slang in teaching Turkish as a foreign language

The aim of this study is to determine the views of teachers and students about the teaching and learning of slang in teaching Turkish as a foreign language. The student-based working group of the study, using a screening model of quantitative research methods, is composed of B1, B2 and C1 level students who learn Turkish as a foreign language reached by means of easily accessible status sampling method of purposeful sampling methods and the teacher-based working group of the study, using a screening model of quantitative research methods, is composed of teachers reached by the same method. The data of the study were collected by two separate questionnaires prepared by the researchers to determine the opinions of teachers and students. Based on the findings of the study, it was concluded that the majority of teachers and students generally had a positive opinion about the learning and teaching of slang words in Turkish and it was concluded that the students wanted to learn slang words because of “better communication with the Turks”, “hearing too many slang words on the street”, “living in Turkey”, “being curious” and “just learning more words”. In addition to this result, teachers stated that this situation which students use without knowing the meaning of some words may cause problems in their social environment. For this reason, it is concluded from the teachers' opinions that either a separate book for the use of slang should be published or the other slang words except for swearword should be taught in the lessons.

Genetic Differentiation of the Two Types of Polish Cold-blooded Horses Included in the National Conservation Program.

Simple SummaryIn this study we investigated the degree of genetic differentiation among two types of Polish cold-blooded horses, namely Sokólski and Sztumski. Both these horse types are a subject of conservation breeding as their populations have been dramatically reduced during recent decades. These cold-blooded horses are considered as separate breeds, with separate stud books, but yet still their genetic differentiation has not been precisely determined, especially on the genome–wide level. In this study, we characterized genetic differentiation of these two horse populations as well as their genetic variation, admixture patterns, and level of relatedness within populations with the use of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping arrays. We also attempted to detect genome regions with the largest genetic differences between those horses by the detection of so-called diversifying selection signals. The results of this study provide initial evidence supporting decisions made during conservation breeding program design and answer some of the questions raised by the breeders of Sokólski and Sztumski horses.The current role of the horse as a companion animal resulted in a decrease of interest in breeding and usage of draft horses. This meant that the population of cold-blooded horses in Poland has been dramatically reduced during the last decades. To avoid impoverishment of the gene pool of the local horse population, a conservation program was established which involves draft horses and other local horse breeds. The draft horses bred in Poland can be subdivided in a few horse types of which the most widespread and consolidated are Sztumski and Sokólski horses. These two subpopulations are phenotypically diversified, however, the overall level of their genetic differentiation seems to be relatively low and not precisely determined, especially with the use of molecular markers. In reference to this, in this study we used Illumina genotyping arrays to describe in detail the genetic differentiation of these two cold-blooded horse populations. We describe the genetic distance between them, as well as within-population variation, admixture patterns, and level of relatedness within populations. We also made an attempt to detect genome regions divergently selected between those horses by the detection of diversifying selection signals. The results of this study provide initial evidence supporting breeding decisions that were made during conservation breeding program design and answer questions raised by the breeders of Sokólski and Sztumski horses concerning the level of their genetic variation and differentiation.