Processing Disorder Research Articles

Sensory Processing Difficulties and Occupational Therapy Outcomes for Functional Neurological Disorder: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Occupational therapy (OT) consensus recommendations and articles outlining a sensory-based OT intervention for functional neurological disorder (FND) have been published. However, limited research has been conducted to examine the efficacy of OT interventions for FND. We performed a retrospective cohort study aimed at independently replicating preliminarily characterized sensory processing difficulties in patients with FND and reporting on clinical outcomes of a sensory-based OT treatment in this population. We hypothesized that (1) a history of functional seizures, anxiety, and/or post-traumatic stress disorder would be associated with increased sensory processing difficulties and (2) the number of OT treatment sessions received would positively relate to clinical improvement. Medical records were reviewed for 77 consecutive adults with FND who received outpatient, sensory-based OT care. Data from the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile characterized self-reported sensory processing patterns across 4 quadrants (low registration, sensory sensitivity, sensory seeking, and sensory avoidance) in this population. Following univariate screenings, multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to identify neuropsychiatric characteristics associated with discrete sensory processing patterns. Clinical improvement was quantified using an estimated, clinician-determined improvement rating ("improved" vs "not improved"), and relationships between clinical participation, baseline neuropsychiatric factors, and outcomes were investigated. Patients with FND reported sensory processing patterns with elevated scores in low registration, sensory sensitivity, and sensation avoidance compared with normative values; differences in sensory processing scores were not observed across FND subtypes (i.e., motor, seizure, and speech variants). In linear regression analyses, lifetime history of an anxiety disorder, history of migraine headaches, current cognitive complaints, and a comorbid major neurologic condition independently predicted individual differences in sensory processing scores. Following a sensory-based OT intervention, 62% of individuals with FND were clinician determined as "improved." In a multivariate logistic regression analysis controlling for baseline characteristics associated with improvement ratings, number of treatment sessions positively correlated with clinical improvement. These findings support the presence of sensory processing difficulties in patients with FND and provide Class IV evidence for the efficacy of an outpatient, sensory-based OT intervention in this population. Controlled prospective trials are warranted.

The NKCC1 Inhibitor Bumetanide Restores Cortical Feedforward Inhibition and Lessens Sensory Hypersensitivity in Early Postnatal Fragile X Mice

BackgroundExaggerated responses to sensory stimuli, a hallmark of fragile X syndrome, contribute to anxiety and learning challenges. Sensory hypersensitivity is recapitulated in the Fmr1 knockout (KO) mouse model of fragile X syndrome. Recent studies in Fmr1 KO mice have demonstrated differences in the activity of cortical interneurons and a delayed switch in the polarity of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) signaling during development. Previously, we reported that blocking the chloride transporter NKCC1 with the diuretic bumetanide could rescue synaptic circuit phenotypes in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) of Fmr1 KO mice. However, it remains unknown whether bumetanide can rescue earlier circuit phenotypes or sensory hypersensitivity in Fmr1 KO mice. MethodsWe used acute and chronic systemic administration of bumetanide in Fmr1 KO mice and performed in vivo 2-photon calcium imaging to record neuronal activity, while tracking mouse behavior with high-resolution videos. ResultsWe demonstrated that layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons in the S1 of Fmr1 KO mice showed a higher frequency of synchronous events on postnatal day 6 than wild-type controls. This was reversed by acute administration of bumetanide. Furthermore, chronic bumetanide treatment (postnatal days 5–14) restored S1 circuit differences in Fmr1 KO mice, including reduced neuronal adaptation to repetitive whisker stimulation, and ameliorated tactile defensiveness. Bumetanide treatment also rectified the reduced feedforward inhibition of layer 2/3 neurons in the S1 and boosted the circuit participation of parvalbumin interneurons. ConclusionsThis further supports the notion that synaptic, circuit, and sensory behavioral phenotypes in Fmr1 KO can be mitigated by inhibitors of NKCC1, such as the Food and Drug Administration–approved diuretic bumetanide.

Therapeutic management of cavitated caries lesion in a patient with sensory processing disorder

Caries disease is still an important public health problem. Although preventing the disease is simple, it is still a challenge due to the interaction of cariogenic factors. One of the forms of treatment is the selective removal of carious tissue, which consists of the total removal of carious tissue from the surrounding walls, preserving the affected tissue in the pulp wall, as it is a tissue capable of remineralization. In the conservative philosophy, there are alternative therapies to the use of manual cutting instruments and the use of rotary instruments - such as the use of chemical agents. These materials help the professional in the selective removal of decayed dentin tissue. The more conservative philosophy is an excellent alternative for patients with Sensory Processing Disorder, as it generates less sound, olfactory, thermal and tactile stimuli – also improving the pain experience. This makes it possible to provide the patient with individualized care, taking into account and respecting their limitations and needs.

Community Priorities for Outcomes Targeted During Professional Supports for Autistic Children and their Families.

Professional supports play an important role in aiding autistic children's learning, participation, and overall wellbeing. Yet, limited research exists on stakeholders' perspectives and preferences regarding targeted outcomes for children undergoing support facilitated by professionals. This study investigated stakeholder views on the priority and appropriateness of outcomes intentionally targeted during the provision of supports to autistic children. A survey of 181 participants (including 72 autistic adults, 85 parents, and 69 professionals) from Australia and New Zealand was conducted. Participants rated the appropriateness and priority of 47 potential child and parent outcomes within the context of support. The highest priority outcome was improving child mental wellbeing, with the lowest being reducing sensory seeking or avoidant behaviours. Priority ratings for certain outcomes differed based on the child's age. Over half of the participants rated reducing sensory seeking/avoidant behaviours and reducing focused interests as inappropriate outcomes of supports. Further, variations in the appropriateness of outcomes differed among participant groups. Reflecting the growing acceptance of neurodiversity-affirming practices, these results underscore support for targeting outcomes that are meaningful to the autistic and autism communities, with less emphasis on those which reflect neurotypical behavioural standards.

Zaburzenia integracji sensorycznej – problem dzieci współczesnego świata

Zaburzenia integracji sensorycznej – problem dzieci współczesnego świata

The effects of sensory integration on stereotypy of preschool students with autism

AbstractThe purpose of the current study was to systematically replicate the independent variable used in Moore et al.'s (2015) experiment using sensory integration therapy (SIT) as a treatment for automatically maintained stereotypy. According to sensory integration theory, providing certain sensory experiences to individuals with autism can change their repetitive behavior. Despite the lack of research supporting SIT as a valid treatment to reduce episodes of stereotypy in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), it remains a common treatment in most schools and centers designed for these individuals. The study was conducted with three preschool students with ASD using a multiple baseline design across participants to test for a functional relation between the independent variable, the participants' individualized, prescribed sensory diets and the dependent variable, their episodes of stereotypy in morning and afternoon sessions. The results do not support the use of a sensory diet as a treatment for stereotypy.

Intense Imagery Movements May Lead to Maladaptive Daydreaming: A Case Series and Literature Review.

This case series highlights the connection between childhood intense imagery movements (IIM) and adult-reported maladaptive daydreaming (MD). Motor stereotypies occur in typically developing children and also with co-occurring neurodevelopmental differences. A subgroup with complex motor stereotypies reports accompanying intense imagery, often enhanced by the movements. This phenomenon can persist into adulthood and, in some cases, will need active management to prevent significant distress and impairment. Six adults, self-reporting maladaptive daydreaming associated with stereotypies, are presented to demonstrate the associations. The clinical significance and function of IIM and MD are unclear, but several hypotheses are discussed, including the mechanism of emotional regulation through sensory seeking, as a process for processing childhood psychological trauma, as intrusive thoughts or images as part of a subtype of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, or as a result of diverse attentional networks seen in neurodevelopmental disorders. This paper highlights important connections between IIM and MD. Many adults with MD show a childhood origin of stereotypical movements. Whilst immersive daydreaming may provide creativity and emotional regulation, there is evidence of distress and impairment of function for some adults, leading to MD diagnoses. Recognizing this phenomenon is important for all neurologists and physicians working with stereotypical movements.

Assessment of factors influencing the effectiveness of sensory integration therapy in preschool and early school-aged children

Objective. The aim of the study was to assess the factors influencing the effectiveness of sensory integration (SI) therapy in children with sensory processing disorders (SPD). Materials and Methods. The research involved 49 children, aged 3 to 10 years, diagnosed with SPD. The study was conducted at the "Plastuś" Sensory Integration Clinics in Lodz. The research tools included acustomized questionnaire and the Sensory-Motor Questionnaire according to Z. Przyrowski. Results. The therapy showed the most significant improvement in the areas of smell (93%) and vision (69%). Progress in treatment related to muscle tension, function of the vestibular system with hyposensitivity, and coordination was affected by the examined children's age. Upon termination of SI therapy, 16% of patients showed no risk of SPD. Conclusions. SI therapy proved to be most successful in the areas of smell, vision, touch, and the hyposensitivity of the vestibular system, with the most significant correlations in progress observed between hearing, attention, and behavioral patterns. Therapy resulted in reduction in the number of areas at risk of SPD, and progress in treatment was influenced by age, the onset of walking, chronic illnesses, and the week of childbirth.

Sensory Integration: A Novel Approach for Healthy Ageing and Dementia Management.

Sensory processing is a fundamental aspect of the nervous system that plays a pivotal role in the cognitive decline observed in older individuals with dementia. The "sensory diet", derived from sensory integration theory, may provide a tailored approach to modulating sensory experiences and triggering neuroplastic changes in the brain in individuals with dementia. Therefore, this review aimed to investigate the current knowledge regarding the sensory diet and its potential application to dementia. This review encompassed an extensive search across multiple databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, covering articles published from 2010 to 2023. Keywords such as "sensory integration", "sensory modulation", "healthy aging", and "dementia" were utilized to identify relevant studies. The types of materials retrieved included peer-reviewed articles, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses, ensuring a comprehensive overview of the current research landscape. This article offers a comprehensive exploration of the effectiveness of sensory diets such as tactile stimulation, auditory therapies, and visual interventions, which have demonstrated noteworthy efficacy in addressing challenges linked to aging and dementia. Research findings consistently report positive outcomes, such as improved cognitive function, elevated emotional well-being, and enhanced overall quality of life in older individuals. Furthermore, we found that the integration of sensory diets with the metaverse, augmented reality, and virtual reality opens up personalized experiences, fostering cognitive stimulation and emotional well-being for individuals during aging. Therefore, we conclude that customized sensory diets, based on interdisciplinary cooperation and leveraging technological advancements, are effective in optimizing sensory processing and improve the overall well-being of older individuals contending with sensory modulation challenges and dementia.

Nursing Care For Schizophrenia Patients With Mindfullness Therapy Intervention In The Mentari Room Muhammadiyah Lamongan Hospital

Schizophrenia is a type of mental disorder that is often found. Schizophrenia is a disease that affects the brain and causes strange and disturbed thoughts, perceptions, emotions, movements, behavior. The prevalence of schizophrenia is estimated at around 1% of the world's population. 5 clients with a medical diagnosis of schizophrenia with nursing problems of sensory perception disorders in the Mentari ward of Muhammadiyah Lamongan Hospital. The research design uses descriptive in the form of a case review. The approach used is nursing care which includes assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation and evaluation. The results of the implementation of nursing care for 5 patients obtained the same nursing diagnosis, namely sensory perception disorders. The problem of sensory perception disorders in 5 patients was partially resolved within 2-3 implementations. The healing process differs for each patient, due to the history of illnesses that aggravate the patient's condition, such as hypertension, age, nutrition, and psychological control which are different for each patient. From the results of this study it can be concluded that mindfulness therapy techniques can be implemented in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. because it can increase the control of hallucinations in clients.
 Keywords: Nursing Care, Schizophrenia, Mindfulness Therap

Sensory experiences questionnaire unravels differences in sensory profiles between MECP2-related disorders.

The methyl CpG-binding protein-2 (MECP2) gene is located on the Xq28 region. Loss of function mutations or increased copies of MECP2 result in Rett syndrome (RTT) and MECP2 duplication syndrome (MDS), respectively. Individuals with both disorders exhibit overlapping autism symptoms, yet few studies have dissected the differences between these gene dosage sensitive disorders. Further, research examining sensory processing patterns in persons with RTT and MDS is largely absent. Thus, the goal of this study was to analyze and compare sensory processing patterns in persons with RTT and MDS. Towards this goal, caregivers of 50 female individuals with RTT and 122 male individuals with MDS, between 1 and 46 years of age, completed a standardized measure of sensory processing, the Sensory Experiences Questionnaire. Patterns detected in both disorders were compared against each other and against normative values. We found sensory processing abnormalities for both hyper- and hypo-sensitivity in both groups. Interestingly, abnormalities in MDS were more pronounced compared with in RTT, particularly with items concerning hypersensitivity and sensory seeking, but not hyposensitivity. Individuals with MDS also exhibited greater sensory symptoms compared with RTT in the areas of tactile and vestibular sensory processing and for both social and nonsocial stimuli. This study provides a first description of sensory symptoms in individuals with RTT and individuals with MDS. Similar to other neurodevelopmental disorders, a variety of sensory processing abnormalities was found. These findings reveal a first insight into sensory processing abnormalities caused by a dosage sensitive gene and may ultimately help guide therapeutic approaches for these disorders.

SENSORY INTEGRATION AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE FOR CHILD DEVELOPMENT

The article is devoted to highlighting the features of sensory integration manifestation in childhood and its significance for the holistic development of the child. This includes uncovering the characteristics and patterns of mental development during childhood, describing the main stages of sensory integration development in ontogenesis, and examining sensory integration disorders and the application of sensory integrative therapy with children. A review of foreign and domestic literature on the research problem has shown that there is a growing interest in sensory integration in modern psychology as the foundation for a child's holistic development. Sensory integration is a process occurring in the brain that organizes information received through the senses (vision, hearing, touch, smell, taste), gives meaning to these sensations by filtering information, selecting what to focus on, and enabling us to act and react thoughtfully to the situation we are in. It also forms the basis for theoretical learning and social behavior. The harmonious development of a child depends on the coordinated functioning of all sensory systems. The article explores the features and patterns of mental development in childhood, such as heterochrony, asynchrony, staging, differentiation, and integration of mental processes and properties, as well as changes in the determinants of mental development and plasticity. The main stages of sensory integration development in ontogenesis are also examined. The importance of the sensory-perceptual sphere in a child’s development is underscored, as sensory development is the foundation of a child’s intellectual growth. Sensory development involves the development of sensations and perceptions, as well as the understanding of objects' forms, colors, sizes, and spatial locations, as well as the objects and phenomena of the surrounding world. Perception is formed based on the synthesis of various sensations: visual, auditory, tactile, kinesthetic, olfactory, and others. Perception reflects the objectivity, integrity, structure, constancy of objects, and others. Early childhood is the most favorable period for the improvement of sensory organ functions and the accumulation of representations about the surrounding world. Knowledge of the surrounding reality in children begins with the analysis of information received through touch, visual observation, sounds, smells, various tastes, and so on. It has been established that childhood plays a crucial role in sensory integration, as a child organizes not only visual and auditory sensations but also the sensations of their own body and the force of gravity, which contributes to the child’s holistic development. A significant portion of a child’s learning ability lies in their ability to integrate sensory information, as learning depends on the ability to perceive and process sensations from their movements and external influences and to use this information for planning and organizing behavior. It has been found that sensory integration facilitates the development of motor skills, movement coordination, spatial orientation, and visual and auditory perception, particularly by filtering and organizing information to help the child focus on solving specific tasks. Moreover, sensory integration contributes to the development of cognitive mental processes: attention, memory, thinking, and speech. Sensory integration also enhances a child's adaptation to the environment, social interaction, communication, and the formation of independence and curiosity in the child. Sensory integration disorders (hyposensitivity and hypersensitivity of sensory systems) have been analyzed, and the main principles of sensory-integrative therapy with children have been outlined. Children with reduced sensory processing abilities often experience difficulties in carrying out voluntary actions, which in turn can affect learning and behavior. Therefore, sensory-integrated therapy aimed at developing and integrating sensations contributes to improving the child’s learning and behavior. In conclusion, sensory integration is of great importance for child development.

Longitudinal analysis of sensory responsivity from infancy to school age in children at high and low familial likelihood for autism

AbstractBackgroundEmpirical evidence regarding the development of sensory responsivity in young children at high likelihood to develop autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains relatively limited. It is unclear how sensory responsivity behaviors may change over time and impact later developmental outcomes. The goals of this study were to (a) characterize developmental trajectories of sensory responsivity across infancy (∼12 months), toddlerhood (∼24 months), and school age (6–11 years) in children at high and low familial likelihood for ASD; and (b) determine if sensory responsivity in infancy predicts adaptive and cognitive functioning at school age among children with ASD.MethodsGeneralized linear mixed effects models were used to examine scores from the Sensory Experiences Questionnaire in three groups of children including high‐likelihood children later diagnosed with ASD (HL‐ASD; n = 30), high‐likelihood children without ASD (HL‐Neg; n = 150), and low‐likelihood control children not meeting ASD diagnostic criteria (LL‐Neg; n = 94). Hierarchical linear regression was then used to examine the association between sensory responsivity scores in infancy and functional adaptive and cognitive outcomes at school age for children at high likelihood of ASD.ResultsDevelopment of sensory responsivity from infancy to later childhood is best estimated by the effects of chronological age and Group for Sensory Seeking and Hypo responsivity and the additional effect of the interaction of Group and chronological age for Total and Hyper responsivity. Early elevated Hypo responsivity and Sensory Seeking scores are negatively associated with later adaptive behavior but not cognitive level.ConclusionOverall, higher degrees of Sensory Seeking and Hypo sensory responsivity are detectable in autistic children's behavioral repertoires by 12 months of age and associate with reduced adaptive functioning in middle childhood. These results point to the potential importance of early detection and treatment implications of early sensory behaviors.

Hybrid weight optimized deep learning for autism and visual sensory processing disorder detection: A heuristic strategy on medical domain

An Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) affected individual has several difficulties with social-emotional cues. The existing model is observed with emotional face processing in adolescents and ASD and Typical Development (TD) by utilizing various body parameters. Scanning facial expressions is the initial task, and recognizing the face’s sensitivity to different emotional expressions is the next complex task. To address this shortcoming, in this work, a new autism and visual Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) detection model for supporting healthcare applications by processing facial expressions and sensory data of heart rate and body temperature. Here, initially, the individual data regarding facial emotions and other body parameters like heart rate and body temperature are collected from various subjects. Then, the selection of optimal features is executed by a hybrid algorithm named Density Factor-based Artificial Bee Honey Badger Optimization (DF-ABHBO), where the most essential features are attained and fed to the detection phase. The optimal feature selection is made by resolving the fitness function with constraints like correlation, data variance, and cosine similarity for inter and intra-class. Finally, the autism and visual SPD detection are performed through a Hybrid Weight Optimized Deep Neural Recurrent Network (HWODNRN), where the hyperparameter and weights of “Deep Neural Network (DNN) and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)” are optimized with the developed DF-ABHBO technique. From the result analysis, the accuracy and F1-score rate of the offered DF-ABHBO-HWODNRN method have attained 96% and 93%. The findings obtained from the simulations of the designed system achieve better performance.

Is the insomnia phenotype the common denominator in LUTS during transition periods? An expert NOPIA research group review.

As people age, sleep stages and characteristics transition over time, but sleep deficits can profoundly impact health and cognitive functioning. Chronic sleep deprivation is linked to impaired attention and productivity, weakened immunity, increased risk of cardiovascular disease, obesity, and mental health disorders. Insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, hormonal changes, nocturia, neurological disorders, and life events interfere with sleep patterns and some are linked to lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). This NOPIA symposium on Lifelong LUTS aimed to analyze the literature on associations between sleep and LUTS, generate ideas for future research, and explore whether there is support for the concept of lifelong LUTS in relation to changes in sleep throughout the lifespan. An international panel of experts took part in an online meeting addressing the role of lifelong LUTS in relationship to sleep and the brain organized by the NOPIA research group. The manuscript summarizes existing literature, hypotheses, future research ideas, and clinical recommendations. Insomnia, sleep fragmentation, hyperarousal, and sensory processing disorders emerged as potential factors in the relationship between sleep and LUTS. Insomnia is often a persistent factor and may have been the initial symptom; however, it is often unrecognized and/or unaddressed in healthcare settings. By recognizing insomnia as a primary driver of various health issues, including nocturia, transitional care aims to address root causes and underlying problems earlier to initiate appropriate treatment. A multidisciplinary approach with collaboration between healthcare professionals from various disciplines, such as urology, sleep medicine, gynecology, pediatrics, and geriatrics, is needed and should include validated measurements such as the insomnia severity index and sleep and voiding diaries. Ensuring ongoing follow-up and monitoring through transitional care is crucial for individuals with persistent sleep problems and LUTS, allowing issues that arise or fluctuate over the lifespan to be addressed.

Clinical Diagnosis and Management of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder and Sensory Processing Disorder in Children.

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is commonly misdiagnosed because of the complexity of presentation and multiple diagnostic criteria. FASD includes four categorical entities (fetal alcohol syndrome, partial fetal alcohol syndrome, alcohol related neurodevelopmental disorder, and alcohol related birth defects). The four FASD diagnostic criteria are facial dysmorphology, growth deficiency, central nervous system dysfunction, and prenatal alcohol exposure. Sensory processing disorders (SPDs) are common in FASD and are observed as inappropriate behavioral responses to environmental stimuli. These can be either a sensory-based motor disorder, sensory discrimination disorder, or sensory modulation disorder. A child with SPD may experience challenges with their fine motor coordination, gross motor coordination, organizational challenges, or behavioral regulation impairments. FASD requires a multidimensional approach to intervention. Although FASD cannot be cured, symptoms can be managed with sleep-based therapies, sensory integration, and cognitive therapies. This paper reviews SPDs in FASD and the interventions that can be used by practitioners to help improve their therapeutic management, although it is unlikely that any single intervention will be the right choice for all patients.

Diffusion tensor imaging of the brain in children with sensory processing disorder: A review.

Sensory processing disorder (SPD) is a clinical condition characterized by difficulties in the neurological processes of registering, discriminating, organizing, and responding to various sensory sensations. This study aimed to review the association between impaired white matter (WM) tract structure and neurofunctional deficits in children with SPD using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the online databases Google Scholar and PubMed (from 2010 to July 2023), resulting in the selection of nine relevant studies. Findings revealed that the splenium of the corpus callosum (SCC), superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), posterior corona radiata (PCR), and posterior thalamic radiation (PTR) exhibited reduced microstructural integrity, strongly associated with SPD. Specifically, auditory over-responsivity, a subtype of SPD, was linked to impaired integrity of the PCR, PTR, anterior corona radiata, and SLF. Tactile over-responsivity (TOR) was correlated with markers of decreased integrity in the SCC, superior corona radiata, and left PTR. Among the DTI parameters, decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) emerged as the most reliable factor for identifying SPD, followed by increased radial diffusivity (RD) and mean diffusivity (MD). Notably, significant correlations were observed between with auditory over-responsivity and TOR with the DTI parameters (positive for FA and negative for RD and MD). Overall, this review confirms the impaired integrity of specific WM tracts in children with SPD and establishes correlations between DTI parameters and neurobehavioral deficits associated with the disorder. The insights gained from this review contribute to a better understanding of SPD and hold clinical implications for its diagnosis and treatment.

Case Study of Sensory Integration Dysfunction in Autistic Children from the Perspective of Cognitive Behavioral Theory

Sensory integration dysfunction is not only a problem for the general population but also presents challenges for autistic children. Current domestic research on intervention for sensory integration dysfunction mainly focuses on the medical field with limited intervention in social work, education, and psychology, leading to a significant gap in intervention studies for sensory integration dysfunction in autistic children. Therefore, this study, based on social work and psychological individual case practices, investigates the sensory integration dysfunction in autistic children from the perspective of cognitive behavioral theory. It explores the influencing factors and improvement pathways of sensory integration dysfunction in autistic children, providing a research summary of individual cases.

A51: A Study on Improvement of Sensory Integration Disorder in Children Aged 6-7 Years with Fancy Skipping Rope

Purpose: At present, the number of children with sensory unison disorder continues to rise in our country, which is a kind of disease that mainly happens in the children of the nervous system, so that the young children's physical quality drops, the uncoordinated movement, attention, and poor performance, affecting the normal healthy development. In the face of the disorder, the intervention can be improved by games in PE class and sensory integration training. Methods: In this paper, literature, mathematical statistics, questionnaire, and other research methods were used to test and study the vestibular function, proprioception, tactile defense and learning ability of freshmen. Two classes of experimental group (N=128) and two classes of control group (N=128) were randomly selected. The experimental group carried out the teaching of the first and second level of fancy rope skipping for the public in physical education class, while the control group carried out the routine physical education activities and carried out the exercise experiment intervention for four months, and the data before and after the experiment were compared. Results: 1) After the first and second action intervention of the general public, the experimental group of students improved in the four ability indicators of sensory integration, and the experimental group of students' sensory integration disorder significantly improved (P < 0.01), and compared with ordinary physical education activities, fancy rope skipping has more significant improvement on the transformation of students with sensory integration disorder into normal students. 2) After 16 weeks of fancy rope skipping intervention, the vestibular function and tactile defense of students in the experimental group were significantly improved, which were to improve their balance ability, concentration, and interest in physical fitness. 3) Both the fancy rope skipping, and the routine physical education activities can significantly improve the proprioceptive ability of the tested students, and their muscle control ability is more significantly improved; The coordination of physical quality and balance ability have improved significantly. Conclusion: It is of great significance for the healthy growth of freshmen to classify the symptoms of sensory dysregulation by means of systematic and targeted integrated training of skipping rope, and gradually increase the intensity and frequency of training.

Habituation disorders in auditory middle latency response of persistent postural-perceptual dizziness patients.

To study habituation disorders in auditory middle latency response (AMLR) to repetitive stimuli of persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) patients. Twenty-eight PPPD (10 men and 18 women, mean 59.5 years of age, 26-81 years of age) were enrolled. For comparison, data of 13 definite vestibular migraine (VM) patients (3 men, 10 women, mean age 45.5), 13 definite unilateral Meniere's disease (MD) patients (2 men, 11 women, mean age 50.6), and 8 healthy control (HC) subjects (2 men, 6 women, mean age 37.1) in the previous study were utilized. The electrodes were placed on the vertex and the spinal process of the fifth cervical vertebra. Clicks (0.1 msec, 70 dB nHL) were binaurally presented and averaged (800 times). Averaged responses were divided into 4 sets (S1 to S4) according to the temporal order. As peaks, Na, and Pa were identified, and relative Na-Pa amplitudes in S2-S4 to S1 were analyzed. The mean relative amplitude of PPPD patients showed lack of habituation (potentiation) as shown in VM patients, although the extent of potentiation was weaker than VM. Comparison of relative S4 amplitudes showed significant differences among the 4 groups (p = 0.0013 one-way ANOVA), Multiple comparison revealed significant differences between PPPD and MD (p = 0.0337 Dunnet's test). PPPD patients showed lack of habituation (potentiation) of Na-Pa amplitude in AMLR to repetitive stimuli. Lack of habituation (potentiation) might be associated with sensory processing disorders in PPPD.