Sensitivity Of Bacterial Isolates Research Articles

Detection of the Inhibition Activity of Alcoholic Extract of Green Tea Leaves (Camellia sinensis) and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Against Few Bacteria and Fungi Species Isolated from Eyes Infection

A 80 samples were collected from patients who were suffering from eyes infections in Samarra hospitals, Samarra city during the period from December 20, 2020 to January 20, 2021. All the samples were from male and female aged between 1–75 years. They were cultivated on selective and differential media in the laboratory and stained by gram stain. Some biochemical tests were done as confirmation diagnostic tests. There were 71 (88.75%) samples yielded positive growth that includes Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pneumonia 24 (30%), 16 (20%) and 9 (11.25%), respectively. The results show that 7 isolates of Haemophilus Influenzae, 6 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 5 isolates of Escherichia coli with percentages (11.25%), (7.5%) and (6.25%) respectively. Four isolates with 5% of Candida albicans were isolated from eyes infections. The sensitivity of bacterial isolates was tested using 12 antibiotics that included quinolones, aminoglycosides, beta- lactams and tetracyclines antibiotics. Imipenem and levofloxacin were more effective than the rest of the antibiotics which range from medium to inactive. The antibacterial impact of alcoholic extracts of Camellia sinensis leaves and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on certain microbial infections were investigated. Results show that 100% concentration of alcoholic extract gives a high inhibitory effect on all isolated microbes in compares with NPs. The highest inhibition zone is S. aureus with a diameter of 35 mm and the less is 10 mm against S. pneumoniae. The alcoholic extract shows an effective result against C. albicans with a diameter of 15mm. At concentrations of 100% and 150%, zinc oxide nanoparticles inhibit S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans, respectively.

Frequencies, sensitivity pattern and molecular characterization of bacterial isolates in blood in neonatal sepsis.

Objective: To determine frequency, molecular characterization and sensitivity of bacterial isolates against commonly used antibiotics in neonatal sepsis. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Pathology Sahara Medical College Narowal. Period: October 2019 to March 2020. Material & Methods: Neonates admitted in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of study institution having signs and symptoms of neonatal symptoms such as fever, irritability, seizures, anorexia and lethargy, were included in the study using consecutive sampling technique. Blood sample from all study patients taken and sent for culture to determine bacterial isolates and antibiotic sensitivity against commonly used antibiotics for neonatal sepsis. Bacterial isolates identification was done using standard bacteriological technique performed by modified Kirby & Bauer disc diffuse method as per Clinical and Laboratory standards institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: Total 200 cases were studied having neonatal sepsis and admitted in NICU including 58% female and 42% male children. Bacterial growth occurred in 10.5% samples and in 89.5% samples no bacterial growth seen. There were 1% samples with gram positive and 9.5% samples with gram negative bacterial isolates. Klebsiella was the commonest organism isolated in 38.1% cases out of total positive isolates. There were 72.5% neonates having age 1-14 days and 27.5% neonates having age 15-28 days. Conclusion: Gram negative bacteria are common cause of neonatal sepsis, out of which Klebsiella is the commonest organism. Antimicrobial drug resistance in different infections is a serious emerging issue.

Incidence of Bacterial Skin Infections in Libya: A Retrospective Population-Based Study

Introduction: The global burden of bacterial skin infection is substantial. We aimed to determine the common pathogens causes skin infections and their antimicrobial resistance pattern. Methods: A retrospective record review of data claimed from the microbiology department at Ber-Ustta Milad skin hospital between Jan 2009 to December 2018 was conducted. The consequence of interest was the antimicrobial sensitivity of bacterial isolates. Chi square was used for statistical analysis. Results: Out of 1,141 collected samples, a total of 455 isolates of different medically-significant bacteria were analyzed. The most common pathogen was S. aureus (97.14%), followed by E. coli (93.71%), and the least common was Shigella (0.57%). From the various inoculated samples, S. aureus and proteus were highly resistant to penicillin (34.3%, 75% respectively) and ampicillin (28.6%, 62.5% respectively). E. coli was highly resistant to ampicillin (45.12%) and penicillin (35.96%), whereas the lowest resistant was against imipenem (3.05%). While, Pseudomonas was highly resistant to ampicillin and augmentin (62.5%), whereas the lowest resistance rate was marked to erythromycin, sulfamethoxazole and imipenem (25%). Ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and nalidixic acid were the only sensitive agents. Conclusions: There is a high burden of bacterial resistance to common antibiotics in our population samples. Recognition of the potential resistant strains of pathogen causing skin infection can help in guiding proper choice of antibiotic therapy.

Study the antibiotics sensitivity and beta- lactamase productivity of some Staphylococcus spp. Isolates from different sources of the Al Jamhoree Teaching Hospital in Mosul City

The study includes the isolation of certain types of Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus spp..The sample materials (blood, wounds, burns) were collected from both genders of all age groups of inpatients in Al Jamhoree Teaching Hospital in the Mosul during June till end of November 2018.
 Staphylococcus aureus was the most common among the isolates with 7 isolates(38.9%) followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus scriuri Staphylococcus lentus (Staphylococcus simulans) with 2 isolates each with 11.1% followed by Staphylococcus chromogenase, Staphylococcu scapilis and Staphylococcus xylosus with one isolate for each one 5.5%. The number of isolates was 9 isolates and 50%, followed by wound samples. The isolates were 6 isolated by 33% and the samples of burns were 3 isolates. 17% were isolated and Staphylococcus aureus was the most dominant species.
 The sensitivity of bacterial isolates was studied for 15 antibiotics for different antibiotic groups. The results showed that a difference in the resistance ratio of the isolates to these antagonists, as they were resistant to the Ceftrixone, Cloxacillin 100%.
 The Ciprofloxacillin, Gentamycin, Pipracillin, and Amikacin resistance were reduced. The Ciprofloxacillin antagonist was the most affected on the bacterial isolates studied, followed by the Rifampin. The results showed that the beta-lactamase enzyme was not produced by any of the Iodic methods by 4 bacterial strains, while the rest of the species varied in the susceptibility of production to the enzyme. The Iodine tube is one of the best methods to detect the production of these enzymes.
 The susceptibility of bacterial species to the production of large-spectrum beta-lactase enzymes was also tested using the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCL) and the double-disc method. Staphylococcus lentus, Staphylococcus capilis, Staphylococcus chromanogenes The first NCCL has shown a single isolation of Staphylococcus capilis ability to produce it

Isolation of Staphylococcus from bovine mastitis and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern

A total of 300 milk samples from cows and buffaloes were evaluated for mastitis and incidence of Staphylococcus. Overall, 131 milk samples (43.6%) were found positive for mastitis and out of these positive isolates, 47 bacterial isolates (35.87%) were identified as Staphylococcus. All the 47 isolates of Staphylococcus were tested for in vitro sensitivity towards 15 antibacterial drugs. The highest resistance was attributed towards antibiotic Ampicillin followed by Methicillin, Oxacillin, Ceftriaxone, Rifampicin, Vancomycin, Amoxyclave, Oxytetracycline, Erythromycin, Nitrofurantoin, Cefuroxime, Gentamicin, Norfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin. The sensitivity of bacterial isolates against various groups of antibiotics revealed Quinolones to be most efficacious.

Study the effect of stable magnetic field on the inhibition activity of Saccharomyces boulardii against pathogenic bacteria isolated from urinary tract infection

An increasing trend to use probiotic and study their effects on the pathogens has been conductor where they are defined as live micro-organisms that give a health benefit to the host when ingested in sufficient quantities, including the yeast Saccharomyces boulardii In addition research show that a magnetic field (MF) has a biological effect. This study aims to investigate the effects of magnetic field on the inhibitory action of Saccharomyces boulardii against bacteria isolated from urinary tract infection, Study the sensitivity of bacterial isolates to antibiotics after diagnosis by microscopic, Cultural and biochemical examinations as well as Api20 E examinations were used gram negative bacteria , Most isolates were resistant to antibiotics elected, using Well diffusion method to investigate the inhibitory action of suspension and supernatant of the yeast with and without magnetic field in four different intensities (200-300-400-500) milli Tesla. The results show that inhibitory efficacy of each was higher wish increasing the magnetic field strength and differed in their impact depending on the type of bacteria and the isolate of K.pneumoniea was the most sensitive in all experiments, and suspension was more effective.

Single subcutaneous dosing of cefovecin in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta): a pharmacokinetic study

Cefovecin is a third-generation cephalosporin approved for antibacterial treatment with a 14-day dosing interval in dogs and cats. This antibiotic may also be useful for zoo and wildlife veterinary medicine, because of its broad spectrum and long duration of activity. The aim of the study was to determine whether cefovecin is a suitable antibiotic to prevent skin wound infection in rhesus monkeys. Therefore, the pharmacokinetics (PK) of cefovecin after a single subcutaneous injection at 8 mg/kg bodyweight in four rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) and sensitivity of bacterial isolates from fresh skin wounds were determined. After administration, blood, urine, and feces were collected, and concentrations of cefovecin were determined. Further, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for bacteria isolated from fresh skin wounds of monkeys during a health control program were determined. The mean maximum plasma concentration (C(max) ) of cefovecin was 78 μg/mL and was achieved after 57 min. The mean apparent long elimination half-life (t½) was 6.6 h and excretion occurred mainly via urine. The MIC for the majority of the bacteria examined was >100 μg/mL. The PK of cefovecin in rhesus monkeys is substantially different than for dogs and cats. Cefovecin rapidly reached C(max) which however was lower than most of the MIC levels and with a very short t½. Therefore, cefovecin is not recommended for treating skin wounds in rhesus monkeys.

The Antibacterial Activity of Trimethoprim is Not Increased by the Addition of Sulfamethoxazole: a Prospective Multi-Center in-Vitro Evaluation

Purpose The rationale for using SMX and TMP in combination is that they are thought to act synergistically to increase antibacterial activity. However, approximately 3% of patients develop an allergic reaction to SMX, some with even more serious reactions such as liver failure, Stevens Johnson syndrome and anaphylactic shock. The purpose of our study is to determine if the addition of SMX is necessary for increased antibacterial activity in the treatment of pediatric UTIs when compared to TMP alone. Material and Methods 565 children (age 1 month to 12 years) with a documented UTI (>100, 000 CFU of predominately one type of gram negative organism) were identified prospectively from four metropolitan, quaternary children's hospitals located in different regions of the United States. In-vitro sensitivity of bacterial isolates to SMX, TMP and SMX/ TMP were determined using the disc diffusion method. Sensitivity to ampicillin (AMP) was also tested at one of the sites. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi square test; a p value Results In-vitro sensitivity of bacterial isolates were as follows: to TMP 70.4%, to SMX 59.6%*, to TMPX/SMX 70.6%, and to AMP 40%*. There was no statistical difference between TMP and TMP/ SMX. There was no regional difference in the sensitivity pattern for TMP, SMX or TMP/SMX. * P Conclusions In children with UTIs, the in-vitro sensitivity for TMP was comparable to that of TMP/ SMX and is significantly higher than that of SMX alone. This finding was similar in all geographic locations tested. The addition of SMX appears to be unnecessary and may represent a risk to patients. TMP can be used as an alternative to TMP/ SMX without any compromise to antibacterial activity.

Sensitivity of bacterial isolates to cefoperazone.

Sensitivity of bacterial isolates to cefoperazone.

Sensitivity of Bacterial Isolates from Eggs of A phis pomi to Erwinia amyloyora Bacteriophages12

Bactrial isolations from eggs of the apple aphid, Aphis pomi De Geer, were made during the winters of 1961-62 and 1962-63. In the former, eggs were surface sterilized by immersion in a 10% commercial hypochlorite solution after which aliquots of crushed and uncrushed eggs were cultured in nutrient yeast dextrose broth (NYDB) and then plated on nutrient yeast dextrose agar (NYDA). In the latter, eggs were accumulated on NYDA plates in groups of 20 and strips of the agar medium containing eggs were ground in NYDB, the homogenate incubated for 18 hr at 28°C, and plated on NYDA. Bacteriophage specific for the fireblight organism ( Erwinia amylovora ) was applied to each plate and in 12 hr read for confluent lysis. A total of 156 bacterial isolates was obtained which could be grouped into 15 categories based on colony morphology. Virulence was ascertained by inoculation into plant tissue. Three categories predominated: white rough; yellow mucoid; and white smooth. Of these, 14 of the 46 white rough isolates were sensitive to the phage but avirulent. None of the yellow mucoids were sensitive although one proved virulent in apple tissue. One white smooth isolate was sensitive and virulent. The remaining isolates were insensitive and avirulent.