Sensitive Detection Of Analytes Research Articles

A Biosensing Platform Based on Metamaterials BioNEMS for Lab-on-Chip Systems.

An optical nanoelectromechanical platform relied on a SRR metamaterial system is presented in this paper as a label-free biosensor. This structure includes a flexible BioNEMS (Bio-Nano-Electro-Mechanical Systems) transducer and a proposed SRR metamaterials for detection of biological changes. Metamaterial cells consist of two parts which are coupled with an air gap distance. A functionalized BioNEMS beam supports one part of the proposed metamaterial cells. When patient samples including target analytes is exposed to the NEMS beam surface, the specific bio-interactions are happened and the energy (surface stress type) is released on the surface. This energy, which is induced only to the one side of the movable beam, causes a differential surface stress and thus displaces the nanomechanical beam. As a result, the air distance between two separated cells of the metamaterial unit is changed. This leads to varying the cell coupling effect which excites plasmon modes in a different wavelength. Therefore, biological quantities can be measured by detecting the resonance wavelength changes. Moreover, analyzing the device by various approaches results its functional characteristics as follows: detection sensitivity of 4251 nm/RIU, figure of merit (FOM) of 500.1 RIU -1 , mechanical sensitivity of [Formula: see text]/Nm -1 and resonant frequency of 17.1 kHz. Consequently, this mechanism is important for label-free biosensing due to its high potential for sensitive and quantitative detection of target analytes which leads to accurate diagnosis of diseases or identification of drugs.

Artemisinin: a novel chiral electrochemiluminescence luminophore-assisted enantiospecific recognition and mechanism identification.

Exploring novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) molecules with high efficiency and good stability in aqueous solutions is crucial for achieving highly sensitive detection of analytes. However, developing chiral luminophores with efficient ECL performance is still a challenge. Herein, we first uncover that artemisinin (ART), a well-known chiral antimalarial drug, features a strong ECL emission at 726 nm with the assistance of a co-reactant potassium persulfate (K2S2O8), and an ECL efficiency of 195.3%, compared to that of standard Ru(bpy)3Cl2/K2S2O8. Mechanistic studies indicate that the strong ECL signal of ART is generated when the excited state formed by the reduction of ART peroxide bonds and combination with persulfate returns to the ground state. Significantly, we found that the ECL sensor based on chiral ART could efficiently identify and detect chiral cysteine (Cys) through ECL signals, with a lower limit of detection of 3.7 nM for l-Cys. Density functional theory calculations and scanning electrochemical microscopy technology further confirm that the disparity in the ECL signals is attributed to the different affinity between chiral ART and d/l-Cys, resulting in distinct electron transfer rates. The study demonstrates a new role of ART in ECL investigation and for the first time, achieves the development of ART for the enantioselective recognition and sensitive detection of chiral substances. This will be of vital significance for ECL and chirality research.

Screen Printed Electrodes: A Boon for Forensic Chemistry Analysis for Detection of Narcotics and Explosives

Abstract: Screen printing technology is a method of ink-based printing that utilizes a stencil mesh screen to create a visual pattern on a flat surface, such as plastic or silk. This process finds application in the production of screen-printed electrodes, which are utilized in electrochemical cells as part of voltammetric techniques. These electrodes offer advantages in terms of simplicity, portability, and ease of use compared to more intricate techniques. Various voltammetric methods are employed to analyze materials present in trace quantities, including drugs and explosives. By employing screen-printed electrodes in these electro-analytical techniques, it becomes possible to achieve straightforward, cost-effective, sensitive, and rapid detection of analytes with forensic significance. This highlights the significance of screen-printed electrodes in both onsite and laboratory forensic examinations.

Nanopore surface engineering of molecular imprinted mesoporous organosilica for rapid and selective detection of L-thyroxine

To develop a biosensing platform for precise diagnosis and management of thyroid-related diseases, the sensitive and selective recognition and identification of L-thyroxine (T4), a thyroid hormone, remains challenging. We herein introduce T4-imprinted mesoporous organosilica (T4-IMO) for sensitive and specific detection of T4 via the sophisticated engineering of pore surfaces using additives with different polarities. The pore surface of T4-IMO emitting a stable fluorescence signal is simply modified by fixed additives. Additives embedded in the pore surface promote the rebinding response of T4 into the recognized cavities, subsequently sensitizing T4 detection. Notably, T4-IMO containing abundant fluorine elements on the pore surface shows a high affinity toward T4, remarkably boosting the rebinding capacity. In addition to good selectivity to T4, the “turn-off” fluorescent signal exhibits a linear relationship with the logarithm of T4 concentration in a range of 0–500nM with a detection limit of 0.47nM in synthetic urine samples. Our findings can establish an insightful strategy for the rational design of molecular-recognition-based sensor systems for the selective and sensitive detection of target analytes.

Development of automated microfluidic immunoassays for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and antigen

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic. Rapid and sensitive detection of the virus soon after infection is important for the treatment and prevention of transmission of COVID-19, and detection of antibodies is important for epidemiology, assessment of vaccine immunogenicity, and identification of the natural reservoir and intermediate host(s). Patient nasal or oropharyngeal swabs or saliva used in conjunction with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA, whereas lateral flow immunoassays (LFI) detect SARS-CoV-2 proteins. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) detect anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in blood. Although effective, these assays have poor sensitivity (e.g., LFI) or are labor intensive and time consuming (PCR and ELISA). Here we describe the development of rapid, automated ELISA-based immunoassays to detect SARS-CoV-2 antigens and antibodies against the virus. The Simple Plex™ platform uses rapid microfluidic reaction kinetics for sensitive analyte detection with small sample volumes. We developed three sensitive <90-min Simple Plex immunoassays that measure either the SARS-CoV-2 antigens or the immune response to SARS-CoV-2, including neutralizing antibodies, in serum from COVID-19 patients.

CRISPR/Cas12a-powered CLASA towards OTA ultrasensitive detection in cereal samples

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is classified as a Class 2B carcinogens and poses a significant risk bto the liver, kidney and other organs, potentially leading to carcinogenic and teratogenic effects. Accurate monitoring of OTA content in food is crucial for safeguarding human and animal health. Here, a novel approach called the CRISPR/Cas12a enzyme-linked aptamer-sorbent assay (CLASA) was developed, which integrates the high-performance trans-cleavage ability of CRISPR/Cas12a with the cost-effective and high-affinity properties of aptamer for ultra-sensitive OTA detection. In this strategy, we incubated aptamers on microwell plates, and used the fluorescence intensity changes caused by OTA and crRNA competitively bind OTA-specific aptamer to achieve the quantitative detection. Our sensitive CLASA method not only solves the problems of poor repeatability and relatively low sensitivity of fluorescence based-CRISPR/Cas12a reaction in solution, but also solves the defects of expensive antibody and false positive result in traditional ELISA method, achieving a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 171 fg·mL−1 with a broad linear range from 1 pg·mL−1 to 1000 pg·mL−1. The presented CLASA approach was validated successfully by using commercial ELISA kit on rice and oat samples as well. Furthermore, by strategically modifying the sequences of aptamer and crRNA, our CLASA platform can be flexibly customized to detect a wide range of small molecular targets. This adaptability allows for the extension of our framework beyond nucleic acid substances, enabling the detection of non-nucleic acid compounds using the CRISPR-Cas12a system. As a result, our CLASA approach holds great promise as a versatile sensing kit with applications in various fields requiring sensitive and specific detection of diverse analytes.

Recent Advances in Organic Molecular-to-Supramolecular Self-Assembled Room-Temperature Phosphorescent Materials for Biomedical Applications.

This minireview focuses on recent advancements in organic molecular-to-supramolecular self-assembled room-temperature phosphorescent (RTP) materials and their prospective biomedical applications. RTP materials, having their unique capacity to emit long-lasting phosphorescence at ambient temperature, have piqued researchers' interest in various biological applications, including biosensing, bioimaging, drug delivery, and photodynamic therapy (PDT). These materials have several benefits, including high sensitivity, remarkable photostability, and low cytotoxicity. RTP materials' self-assembly into supramolecular structures improves their performance and broadens their uses. Researchers have built organic RTP systems with long-lasting phosphorescence by leveraging weak noncovalent interactions in aquatic conditions. These materials have demonstrated incredible promise as biosensors that enable sensitive analyte detection and as photosensitizers in PDT that target and sensitize specific cell types. The review also outlines future directions and challenges in developing and utilizing pure organic RTP materials for biological imaging purposes, providing valuable guidelines for their future design and application.

Sensitive and high laser damage threshold substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering based on gold and silver nanoparticles.

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a sensitive and fast technique for sensing applications such as chemical trace analysis. However, a successful, high-throughput practical implementation necessitates the availability of simple-to-use and economical SERS substrates. In this work, we present a robust, reproducible, flexible and yet cost-effective SERS substrate suited for the sensitive detection of analytes at near-infrared (NIR) excitation wavelengths. The fabrication is based on a simple dropcast deposition of silver or gold nanomaterials on an aluminium foil support, making the design suitable for mass production. The fabricated SERS substrates can withstand very high average Raman laser power of up to 400mW in the NIR wavelength range while maintaining a linear signal response of the analyte. This enables a combined high signal enhancement potential provided by (i) the field enhancement via the localized surface plasmon resonance introduced by the noble metal nanomaterials and (ii) additional enhancement proportional to an increase of the applicable Raman laser power without causing the thermal decomposition of the analyte. The application of the SERS substrates for the trace detection of melamine and rhodamine 6G is demonstrated, which shows limits of detection smaller than 0.1ppm and analytical enhancement factors on the order of 104 as compared to bare aluminium foil.

Guanine Functionalization for Improved ssDNA-Nanotube Colloidal Stability

Single-stranded DNA wrapped carbon nanotubes (ssDNA-CNT) have emerged as a promising technology for the sensitive detection of analytes in live cell and in vivo imaging applications. ssDNA wrapping permits the dispersion of individual nanotubes, biocompatibility, cellular uptake, and acts as a molecular mask conferring specific molecular interactions with analytes of interest. However, due to the non-covalent nature of ssDNA-CNT interactions, the polymeric coating can be stripped after introduction to biofluids, causing nanotube aggregation. This results in the fluorescent quenching of nanotube response and limits the ability to probe longitudinal changes in analyte levels. To address this experimental limitation, we evaluate the effect of rose Bengal-mediated guanine functionalization on long-term colloidal stability and functionality of ssDNA-CNT-based sensors in biofluids.

Towards Single-Molecule Analyte Sensing with Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been at the forefront of research for well over a decade due to their unique optical properties. Specifically, the inherent and photostable fluorescence of SWCNTs has been used to create sensitive near-infrared (NIR) sensors for a variety of target analytes, such as dopamine and cholesterol. However, most of the SWCNT sensors are employed in the solution-phase, severely limiting the efficacy due to ensemble measurements which can significantly confound any optical readout. One potential solution involves imaging individual SWCNTs deposited on a surface, unfortunately it is well known that SWCNT florescence is adversely affected by the inherently rough surfaces that are conventionally used for their observation, which emphasizes the need for a novel platform. We therefore devised a spin-coated hydrogel platform that contained SWCNTs in a single focal plane and enabled fluorescent imaging without significantly perturbing their optical properties when compared to the solution-phase. As SWCNT fluorescent microcopy is limited by diffraction, several strategies were employed to improve the sensitivity of analyte detection. When single SWCNTs longer than the diffraction limit were examined, spectral heterogeneity was observed along the length of each SWCNT, suggesting an application in single-molecule analyte detection. A common surfactant sodium deoxycholate (SDC) was investigated as an analyte as it exchanges with DNA oligonucleotides on the surface of DNA-SWCNTs, by which the kinetic response can be used to estimate DNA binding strength. We employed DNA-SWCNTs in the hydrogel platform and observed the kinetic response of individual SWCNTs in response to the addition of SDC. Importantly, the diffusion was intentionally slowed by modifying the top hydrogel layer to examine the kinetic response on a longer time scale, in contrast to the nearly instantaneous response in solution. We observed a decoupling of the spectral properties of each SWCNT, where the fluorescence intensity responded later than the emission wavelength. We then utilized a 1-dimensional diffusion model to estimate the local concentration of each SWCNT. We hypothesize that differences in the SDC functionalization morphology on SWCNTs have a significant impact on this observed effect.

Modular DNAzymes-Hydrogel Membrane Carriers for Highly Sensitive Isothermal Cross-Cascade Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria Nucleic Acids.

The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance has called for improved diagnostic testing of pathogenic bacteria. However, the development of rapid, cost-effective, and easy-to-use tests for bacterial infections remains a constant challenge. Here, we report a class of modular hydrogel membrane carriers incorporated with composite DNAzymes, which enable rapid and highly sensitive detection of pathogenic bacteria gene target analytes. We apply free radical polymerization to incorporate composite DNAzymes, consisting of an RNA substrate component and a DNAzyme component (e.g., 10-23 or 8-17 DNAzymes), into polyethylene glycol diacrylate polymer networks. Initiated by a nucleic acid target acting as an assembly facilitator, multicomponent DNAzymes are combined to cleave the RNA substrate component in the hydrogel carriers, which releases the DNAzyme component to cleave RNA reporter probes to generate fluorescence. We modulate the morphology, composition, and microporous structures of the DNAzyme carriers to achieve quantitative assay performance. We demonstrate a rapid and high-sensitivity detection of C. trachomatis gene target analytes as low as 50 fM in a short assay time of 25 min. The work represents a crucial step forward in the development of a generic, isothermal, and protein enzyme-free pathogenic bacteria testing platform technology.

Progress on Electrochemical Sensing of Pharmaceutical Drugs in Complex Biofluids

Electrochemical detection, with its advantages of being rapid, multi-time point, compatible with cost-effective fabrication methods, and having the potential for miniaturization and portability, has great promise for point-of-care drug monitoring. However, a continuing challenge concerns the robust and sensitive electrochemical detection of pharmaceutical analytes from biological fluids. These complex matrices, such as saliva, sweat, interstitial fluid, urine, and blood/serum, contain multiple components that can contribute to an increased background or reduced analyte signal. In this mini-review, we discuss progress on electrochemical sensing in complex biofluids. We first introduce the challenge of drug titration in the management of various health conditions and provide an overview of the motivation for improved therapeutic drug monitoring, including current limitations. We then review progress on pharmaceutical drug detection from these biofluids with a focus on sample preprocessing, electrode modification for signal amplification, and/or electrode passivation to minimize fouling. Finally, we highlight promising strategies that have enabled robust drug quantification for clinical relevance and that may be useful for field-use systems.

CRISPR-Cas12a-mediated dual-enzyme cascade amplification for sensitive colorimetric detection of HPV-16 target and ATP

The establishment of sensitive and facile colorimetric platform based on the CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)-Cas (CRISPR-associated) system is of great significance for in vitro diagnosis. Herein, we develop a dual-enzyme cascade amplification strategy based on CRISPR-Cas12a and glucose oxidase (GOx) for instrument-free and sensitive detection of target analytes. HPV-16 DNA as the model nucleic acid target directly initiated CRISPR-Cas12a-based signal transduction, resulting in the enzymatic cleavage of ssDNA linker and the release of GOx from magnetic nanoparticles 1 (MNPs1). Following simple magnetic separation, the supernatant containing GOx was taken out and used to catalyze the substrate, resulting in a visually detectable color change. The detection limit (LOD) of HPV-16 DNA was as low as 1 pM, and the entire process could be completed within 70 min without the need for expensive equipment. Notably, the dual-enzyme cascade amplification strategy was successfully applied to the detection of non-nucleic acid targets, such as ATP, via a simple signal transduction process. The visual LOD for ATP detection reaches 2.5 μM. The approach provides a robust, sensitive and reliable point-of-care biosensing platform for the detection of target analytes.

Recent advances in metal-organic frameworks synthesis and characterization with a focus on electrochemical determination of biological and food compounds, and investigation of their antibacterial performance

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are hybrid materials composed of both organic and inorganic elements. MOF materials, because of their unique structures and properties, such as controllable pore size, large surface area, excellent catalytic activity, and high density of active sites, are applied in electrochemical sensors systems for the sensitive, quick, and low-cost detection of multiple analytes. MOFs, with their high specific surface area, controllable shape, and adjustable pore volume, will provide strong interaction with compounds via abundant functional groups, leading to increased selectivity for electrochemical determination of a wide range of compounds. In this review, the structure, synthesis methods, characterization, and the applications of MOFs in recent years as sensing material in fabricating sensors for detecting drugs, pesticides, heavy metals, food additives, and other contaminants are summarized, compared, and discussed. Also, MOFs were used in numerous antibacterial application areas due to their long-term release pore volume, capability, and stretch ability when integrated with a wide range of compounds and/or substances (including nanostructures, phytochemicals, antibiotics, and polymers). This review also provides a comprehensive overview of the antibacterial uses of MOFs and one's composite materials, with a focus on the different kinds of MOF nanocomposite and their antibacterial influence in various uses.

Responsive Janus droplets as modular sensory layers for the optical detection of bacteria

The field of biosensor development is fueled by innovations in new functional transduction materials and technologies. Material innovations promise to extend current sensor hardware limitations, reduce analysis costs, and ensure broad application of sensor methods. Optical sensors are particularly attractive because they enable sensitive and noninvasive analyte detection in near real-time. Optical transducers convert physical, chemical, or biological events into detectable changes in fluorescence, refractive index, or spectroscopic shifts. Thus, in addition to sophisticated biochemical selector designs, smart transducers can improve signal transmission and amplification, thereby greatly facilitating the practical applicability of biosensors, which, to date, is often hampered by complications such as difficult replication of reproducible selector-analyte interactions within a uniform and consistent sensing area. In this context, stimuli-responsive and optically active Janus emulsions, which are dispersions of kinetically stabilized biphasic fluid droplets, have emerged as a novel triggerable material platform that provides as a versatile and cost-effective alternative for the generation of reproducible, highly sensitive, and modular optical sensing layers. The intrinsic and unprecedented chemical-morphological-optical coupling inside Janus droplets has facilitated optical signal transduction and amplification in various chemo- and biosensor paradigms, which include examples for the rapid and cost-effective detection of major foodborne pathogens. These initial demonstrations resulted in detection limits that rival the capabilities of current commercial platforms. This trend article aims to present a conceptual summary of these initial efforts and to provide a concise and comprehensive overview of the pivotal kinetic and thermodynamic principles that govern the ability of Janus droplets to sensitively and selectively respond to and interact with bacteria.Graphical abstract

Recent Progress in Micro- and Nanotechnology-Enabled Sensors for Biomedical and Environmental Challenges

Micro- and nanotechnology-enabled sensors have made remarkable advancements in the fields of biomedicine and the environment, enabling the sensitive and selective detection and quantification of diverse analytes. In biomedicine, these sensors have facilitated disease diagnosis, drug discovery, and point-of-care devices. In environmental monitoring, they have played a crucial role in assessing air, water, and soil quality, as well as ensured food safety. Despite notable progress, numerous challenges persist. This review article addresses recent developments in micro- and nanotechnology-enabled sensors for biomedical and environmental challenges, focusing on enhancing basic sensing techniques through micro/nanotechnology. Additionally, it explores the applications of these sensors in addressing current challenges in both biomedical and environmental domains. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for further research to expand the detection capabilities of sensors/devices, enhance sensitivity and selectivity, integrate wireless communication and energy-harvesting technologies, and optimize sample preparation, material selection, and automated components for sensor design, fabrication, and characterization.

Synthesis and characterization of Schiff base ligand-mutliwalled carbon nanotubes as mercury-free electrochemical sensor for detecting toxic metals in aquatic treatment

The aspire of the present investigation is to develop a novel mercury-free electrochemical sensor for the sensitive detection of toxic pollutant in environmental sources. The synthesis of N,N′-bis(salicylaldehyde)-1,2-diaminobenzene (BSD) as a pre designed Schiff-base ligand (SBL) coated on surface of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) modified working electrode for the detection of Pb2+ and Hg2+ in various water sources. The role of BSD contains hydroxyl and imine ions acting as active sites to detect the metal ions in 0.1 M of acetate buffer solution. A star like crystal structure for BSD/MWCNTs modified surface of electrode was observed using SEM analysis. The conductance (σ) for PIG electrode (unmodified), MWCNTs modified and BSD/MWCNTs modified electrodes are 4.7 × 10−5 S cm−1, 408.1 × 10−5 S cm−1 and 553.2 × 10−5 S cm−1 were estimated. BSD/MWCNTs modified electrode shows the best conductivity compared with other electrodes. For the selective detection of Pb2+ and Hg2+, the square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) was utilised. The linear range of Pb2+ and Hg2+ in the concentration from 2.0 to 155 nM and limits of detection for Pb2+ and Hg2+ were observed at 0.3 nM and 0.6 nM by SWASV. This sensor is often used for sensitive detection of analytes like Pb2+ and Hg2+ in different water samples. The results of SWASV recovered value are comparing with atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS).

Plasmonic scattering imaging of single Cu2-xSe nanoparticle for Hg2+ detection

The development of new efficient contrast nanoprobe has been greatly concerned in the field of scattering imaging for sensitive and accurate detection of trace analytes. In this work, the non-stoichiometric Cu2-xSe nanoparticle with typical localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) properties originating from their copper deficiency as a plasmonic scattering imaging probe was developed for sensitive and selective detection of Hg2+ under dark-field microscopy. Hg2+ can compete with Cu(I)/Cu(II) which were sources of optically active holes coexisting in these Cu2-xSe nanoparticles for its higher affinity with Se2−. The plasmonic properties of Cu2-xSe were adjusted effectively. Thus, the color scattering images of Cu2-xSe nanoparticles was changed from blue to cyan, and the scattering intensity was obviously enhanced with the dark-field microscopy. There was a linear relationship between the scattering intensity enhancement and the Hg2+ concentration in the range of 10–300 nM with a low detection limit of 1.07 nM. The proposed method has good potential for Hg2+ detection in the actual water samples. This work provides a new perspective on applying new plasmonic imaging probe for the reliable determination of trace heavy metal substances in the environment at a single particle level.

Recent Advances in Nanopore Technology for Copper Detection and Their Potential Applications.

Recently, nanopore technology has emerged as a promising technique for the rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of various analytes. In particular, the use of nanopores for the detection of copper ions has attracted considerable attention due to their high sensitivity and selectivity. This review discusses the principles of nanopore technology and its advantages over conventional techniques for copper detection. It covers the different types of nanopores used for copper detection, including biological and synthetic nanopores, and the various mechanisms used to detect copper ions. Furthermore, this review provides an overview of the recent advancements in nanopore technology for copper detection, including the development of new nanopore materials, improvements in signal amplification, and the integration of nanopore technology with other analytical methods for enhanced detection sensitivity and accuracy. Finally, we summarize the extensive applications, current challenges, and future perspectives of using nanopore technology for copper detection, highlighting the need for further research in the field to optimize the performance and applicability of the technique.

Synthesis Methods and Optical Sensing Applications of Plasmonic Metal Nanoparticles Made from Rhodium, Platinum, Gold, or Silver.

The purpose of this paper is to provide an in-depth review of plasmonic metal nanoparticles made from rhodium, platinum, gold, or silver. We describe fundamental concepts, synthesis methods, and optical sensing applications of these nanoparticles. Plasmonic metal nanoparticles have received a lot of interest due to various applications, such as optical sensors, single-molecule detection, single-cell detection, pathogen detection, environmental contaminant monitoring, cancer diagnostics, biomedicine, and food and health safety monitoring. They provide a promising platform for highly sensitive detection of various analytes. Due to strongly localized optical fields in the hot-spot region near metal nanoparticles, they have the potential for plasmon-enhanced optical sensing applications, including metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF), surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), and biomedical imaging. We explain the plasmonic enhancement through electromagnetic theory and confirm it with finite-difference time-domain numerical simulations. Moreover, we examine how the localized surface plasmon resonance effects of gold and silver nanoparticles have been utilized for the detection and biosensing of various analytes. Specifically, we discuss the syntheses and applications of rhodium and platinum nanoparticles for the UV plasmonics such as UV-MEF and UV-SERS. Finally, we provide an overview of chemical, physical, and green methods for synthesizing these nanoparticles. We hope that this paper will promote further interest in the optical sensing applications of plasmonic metal nanoparticles in the UV and visible ranges.