Senatorial Family Research Articles

Smintheion’dan Yeni Yazıtlar

This article presents six inscriptions from the sanctuary of Apollo Smintheus. Of these, inscription no. 2 was discovered during a survey in 2006 and the other five were found during the excavations at the site from 2009 onwards. In addition to the contribution of these inscriptions to the onomastic repertoire of Alexandreia Troas in general, inscription no. 1, which attests for the first time to the existence of the office of hieronomos at the sanctuary, and inscription no. 6, which records a religious association called ἱερὰ συμβίωσις are of particular interest. Inscription no. 1 is carved on an architectural block from a building of the Hellenistic period. It is not possible to determine with certainty to which building this block belongs, but the building or restoration costs were covered by the revenues of the god, and this construction activity is dated by the office of hieronomos. Also dating to the Hellenistic period, inscription no. 2 on an altar commemorates Kallistos, son of Agemachos, after his death. The depiction of a temple key on this altar suggests that Kallistos may have served Apollo Smintheus as a key-bearer. In inscription no. 3, a benefactor named Titus Aelius Metrodoros, bearing the title philopatris, is honoured by his dearest fatherland (γλυκυτάτη πατρίς), Alexandreia Troas. Inscription no. 4 on a marble plinth is a dedication of a column to Apollo Smintheus by Publius Quintilius Axios, probably a freedman of the Publii branch of the Quintilii, a senatorial family of Alexandreia Troas, and his wife Daphne. Inscription no. 5 is a dedication to Apollo Smintheus by Turianius Gamos, which is a variant of the rare nomen Turrianius. The final inscription no. 6 is an ex-voto offered to a sacred association (ἱερὰ συμβίωσις) by a person, for whom only the father's name and the nickname, Publius, have survived.

Entre Nîmes et Rome : sur les traces d’une famille nîmoise, les Sammii

The revision of an incomplete inscription from Nîmes makes it possible to study the Sammii family, which is attested most of all at the end of the first and beginning of the second centuries. The family reached the highest levels of the provincial nobility, but its importance can also be appreciated through a series of Roman inscriptions, which allows us to measure the networks of relationships it had established within the upper levels of society in the city of Nîmes, in particular with the senatorial family of the Aemilii.

A Late Roman Luxury Villa in Nagyharsány, at the Feet of the Szársomlyó Mountain

Those who visit the tourist attractions of the Villány–Siklós wine route may not even suspect that a ruin of a high-status Roman villa is hiding under the picturesque landscape with vineyards at the foot of the Szársomlyó Mountain. The Mediterranean beauty and climate of this region attracted the late imperial elite of the Roman Empire, among whom an influential, senatorial family built its luxury villa here. This villa only revealed its significance and treasures slowly. After the excavation of its bathhouse, an unfortunately commissioned deep ploughing twisted large pieces of the mosaic floors out of the ground. After a long pause, the Hungarian National Museum continued the investigation of the site in 2016. The excavations brought to light the villa’s banquet hall, the floor of which was once covered with colourful mosaics representing the highest quality of Roman mosaic art. Masterpieces of Roman glass craftmanship – pieces of a wine set – were also found here. The villa of Nagyharsány plays an important role in the research of the Seuso Treasure too. The luxury reflected by the interior decoration and the artefacts of the banquet hall proved that the educated and wealthy imperial aristocracy was present in late Roman Pannonian provinces, the members of which could afford a set of silver tableware comparable to the Seuso Treasure in quality, understood the literary and visual culture based on the classical education of the elite, and spoke its sophisticated language.

Krąg rodzinny Katarzyny z Sienna Myszkowskiej (zm. 1619), podczaszyny lubelskiej. Studium genealogiczno-obyczajowe

Katarzyna Sienieńska herbu Dębno była przedstawicielką znanego senatorskiego rodu. Na podstawie przebadanych źródeł można było pokusić się o nakreślenie zarysu jej biografii. Autor przedstawił koleje jej losu od wczesnej młodości aż do śmierci. W życiorysie Katarzyny z Sienna istotny wydaje się fakt, że aż trzy razy wychodziła ona za mąż. Była kolejno żoną stolnika przemyskiego Jana Biejkowskiego, podsędka przemyskiego Mikołaja Ostrowskiego oraz podczaszego lubelskiego Stanisława Myszkowskiego. Dzięki tym małżeństwom zgromadziła znaczny majątek. Z drugim mężem miała córkę Zuzannę, a z trzecim syna Maurycego i córkę Annę. Dzieje życia Katarzyny z Sienna Myszkowskiej zostały przedstawione na szerokim tle historycznym. Autor opracował genealogię lubelskiej linii Sienieńskich, nieznanej autorom herbarzy, z której pochodziła bohaterka tego opracowania. Przytoczył także wiele faktów z życia rodzin kolejnych mężów Katarzyny. Sporo miejsca poświęcił również sprawom majątkowym Sienieńskich, Biejkowskich, Ostrowskich i Myszkowskich. Przedstawił też dzieje zaciętej walki o spadek po Katarzynie między jej dziećmi a pasierbem, Janem Myszkowskim. Do tekstu artykułu załączono interesującą relację źródłową, gdzie przedstawiono przebieg gwałtownego sporu o gospodę, w której główną rolę odegrała Katarzyna ze swoim mężem Stanisławem Myszkowskim.

Neue Kaiserweihungen und Ehrungen aus Aspendos

With the start of more recent archaeological research work, several inscriptions were discovered in the central Pamphylian city of Aspendos. This article presents eight of them, mostly copied in the urban area in 2019. The first three inscriptions are imperial dedications, followed by several hono-rary decrees for Roman and local officials. No. 1, whose upper part was already known from a copy by Hirschfeld, contains a dedication for Germanicus Caesar and mentions four priests of emperors and Thea Rome. No. 2 is a public dedication to Hadrian from AD 125. The milestone no. 3, ori-ginally set up about 7.0 km southeast of Aspendos, bears an honorary inscription for Emperor Iu-lian, which overwrites a previous text. No. 4 honours the previously unknown proconsul of the province of Lycia-Pamphylia, Aelius Antonius. Municius Touesianos, the dedicant, held high posi-tions both in Aspendos and in the Pamphylian League. The honorary inscription no. 5 is dated after the well-known equestrian governor Terentius Marcianus, who excelled in fighting a major uprising in AD 278. No. 6 honours the local dignitary Demetrios, priest of the imperial cult for five years, who also served as demiourgos. Here, the long tenure of archiereia seems to be high-lighted as an outstanding achievement. No. 7 honours the physician Zoilos, who served as archiat-ros in his hometown. The last inscription names a C. Curtius (cognomen lost), who was probably related to the senatorial family of the Curtii, known for the foundation of the great theatre.

The Roman Scuttled Ships and Harbour Structures of Caska, Pag Island, Croatia in their Cultural and Historical Context

The Bay of Caska, on the Island of Pag, preserves the remains of a stratified settlement, with an important phase linked to a Roman maritime villa, the property of the senatorial family Calpurnii P...

Education in a late roman senatorial family: classical canon and christian ideal

Education in a late roman senatorial family: classical canon and christian ideal

Nalewka srebrna z miednicą - atrybut elitarnej kultury stołu we wczesnonowożytnej Europie Środkowej. Uwagi wstępne

Ceremonialne obmycie dloni bylo wazną czynnością poprzedzającą uroczyste, publiczne posilki spolecznych elit (uczty, bankiety). Tradycja siegająca starozytności, ugruntowana w średniowieczu, trwala w dobie nowozytnej. Do ablucji uzywany byl zestaw zlozony z dzbana (tytulowa nalewka) oraz miednicy. Informacje o nich są rozproszone w roznych typach źrodel; od zachowanych zabytkow muzealnych poprzez ikonografie, po źrodla pisane z XVI - XVIII wieku. Wśrod tych ostatnich znajdują sie inwentarze majątkowe, testamenty, dokumentacja: zakupow, darowizn, konfiskat, kradziezy; korespondencja, relacje z podrozy, wydawnictwa encyklopedyczne, traktaty o ceremoniale dworskim, podreczniki i poradniki. Nalewki wykonane z kruszcow szlachetnych, drogich kamieni, perel oraz innych luksusowych , czasami egzotycznych surowcow, mialy duzą wartośc materialną. Podnosily ją takze ich walory estetyczne. Byly wytworami zlotnikow z Francji, Niderlandow a przede wszystkim z czolowych ośrodkow zlotnictwa w Rzeszy (Augsburg, Norymberga) wreszcie z centrow o znaczeniu regionalnym (np. Gdansk, Poznan). Te luksusowe naczynia byly uzywane na dworach monarchow calej Europy, od plw. Iberyjskiego po Moskwe; w tym na wiedenskim dworze Habsburgow i warszawskim Wazow. Byly typowym wyposazeniem siedzib elektorow i pomniejszych wladcow Rzeszy. Co do arystokracji (magnaterii), Autor koncentruje uwage na przykladach czeskim i polskim, tu takze znajdując potwierdzenie stalej obecności nalewek w rezydencjach elity. Podobnie bylo w przypadku szlachty średniej, choc z tej grupy po nalewki srebrne siegali raczej ludzie aspirujący do spolecznego awansu, np. dworzanie krolewscy, osoby wchodzące do rodzin senatorskich itp.. Nalewki posiadalo rowniez duchowienstwo katolickie (od plebana po biskupa) oraz patrycjat miejski (przyklad Krakowa). Co funkcji uzytkowych, nalewka z miednicą sluzyla nie tylko do publicznego obmycia rąk. Kilka wzmianek źrodlowych wskazuje, ze oba naczynia (raczej mniejszych rozmiarow) bywaly tez cześcią kompletu do prywatnej, codziennej toalety (obmycie twarzy i rąk). Nalewki pelnily nie tylko funkcje uzytkowe. Byly dobrą lokatą kapitalu. Przechowywane w skarbcach, czesto nalezaly do najdrozszych spośrod wszystkich precjozow. Przed ucztą goście mogli je podziwiac prezentowane wśrod innych sreber na specjalnych stolach lub regalach. Byly tez stalą ozdobą reprezentacyjnych pomieszczen rezydencji (jak Silberbufett w zamku w Berlinie). Budowaly prestiz domu. Cenne a zarazem latwe w transporcie, byly dogodnym narzedziem polityki, jako dary przekazywane przez poslow cudzoziemskim wladcom lub innym wplywowym osobistościom. Podobnie byly pozytkowane w polityce wewnetrznej. Zapisywano je takze w testamentach krewnym i przyjaciolom, klientom i patronom, zaś dla poratowania duszy – instytucjom kościelnym. Niekiedy naczynia z kruszcow szlachetnych zastepowala cyna. Nawet u najbogatszych w dni powszednie na stol zamiast sreber trafiala zastawa cynowa. Towarzyszyly jej cynowe nalewki i miednice. Zapasy cyny byly zresztą wielokrotnie wieksze niz sreber. Z kolei w dworach szlachty ubogiej herbowa cyna czasami zastepowala herbowe srebra, w tym rowniez nalewke.

The sanctuary of Zeus Sarnendenos and the cult of Zeus in northeastern Phrygia

AbstractThis article presents the discovery of two fragmentary inscriptions which demonstrate the existence of an unknown naos of Zeus Sarnendenos in the northern part of the Choria Considiana, an extensive imperial estate in northeastern Phrygia. It also presents a votive offering to Zeus Sarnendenos and five new votive inscriptions to Zeus Akreinenos found in the village of Kozlu near İkizafer (ancient Akreina?), which was apparently part of another estate, belonging to the Roman senatorial family of the Plancii, situated to the east of the Choria Considiana. These inscriptions were found during the course of an epigraphic survey carried out in 2015 in Mihalıççık, a region located 90km to the northeast of Eskişehir in modern Turkey. The article consists of three main parts. It begins with an introduction to the historical and geographical backgrounds of the survey area; this is followed by a catalogue of inscriptions and, finally, an analysis of the sanctuary of Zeus Sarnendenos and the new votive offerings to Zeus Akreinenos, with reference to other evidence for the cult of Zeus in Phrygia and neighbouring regions. The inscriptions discovered in this area provide new information about the location and dispersal of the cult of Zeus in northeastern Phrygia.

Italska terra sigillata iz rimske vile rustike u uvali Caska na otoku Pagu

U članku je obrađen dio arheološke građe prikupljene prilikom istraživanja antičke vile rustike u Caski na otoku Pagu, koje je 2005. i 2006. godine provela tvrtka Geoarheo d.o.o. iz Sesveta. Dvije podrumske prostorije kvadratnog tlocrta i doliji sekundarno upotrebljeni kao otpadne jame sadržavali su veliku količinu keramičkog posuđa, među kojim se posebno ističe italska terra sigillata uvožena s prostora sjeverne i srednje Italije u vrijeme cara Augusta. Među nalazima treba istaknuti ulomke dna tanjura i zdjelica na kojima su pronađeni keramičarski pečati pretežito sjevernoitalskih radionica, osobito značajni kod pokušaja rekonstrukcije trgovačkih puteva u antičkom razdoblju. Grafiti prisutni na nekoliko posuda vjerojatno predstavljaju prva slova imena grčkih robova ili oslobođenika koji su radili za velikog rimskog zemljoposjednika. Posjed u Caski po svemu je sudeći pripadao rimskoj senatorskoj obitelji Kalpurnijevaca (Calpurnii Pisones), čemu u prilog govore pronađeni epigrafski spomenici.

Geschäftsmänner zwischen Makedonien und Moesia Superior

In this paper on the basis of the funerary inscription of a conductor named Gamicus, which was found in Hagio Pnevma (territorium of the Roman colony of Philippi), are examined the relations between Macedonia, Moesia Inferior and probably Epirus. Gamicus seems to belong to the senatorial family of Pontii; they are attested in the inscriptions from Ulpianum and its region and were even related by marriage with another senatorial family, i.e. the Furii. Both families owed their social position to the mines. Apart from the well known senator Gaius Furius Octavianus and his mother Furia Caecilia, the activity of the domus Furiana is known by the presence of its vilici and servi. Epigraphical testimonies show that the large estates of the Furii as well as the Pontii were situated in the southern part of Ulpianum and in the northwestern part of Scupi.
 Although the gentilicium Furius is also widespread in the province of Macedonia, of particular interest to our subject, however, seem to be two inscriptions from the territorium of the Roman colony of Philippi. The first one is the epitaph erected by M. Varinius M. l. Celer for himself, his wife Varinia Marita, his daughters Primigenia and Pyralis as well as his son-in-law Furius Alcimus. Τhe second inscription (probably a dedication) lists the military offices of D. Furius Octavius Secundus, originally from Cures Sabinis, as well as the privileges bestowed to him by two colonies, Actia Nicopolis et Ulpia... The identification of Furius Alcimus with an homonymous libertus maternus of Furius Octavianus, referred in a passage of Ulpian, should be excluded. On the other hand, the presence of D. Furius Octavius Secundus in Philippi may nevertheless be connected to the exploitation of mines and quarries of this region. Furthermore, it is possible that he is an ancestor of C. Furius Octavianus and has prepared the requirements for the wealth of the domus Furiana and its adlectio in senatum.

The Statilii Tauri and the Cult of the Theos Tauros at Thespiai

It is now generally accepted that the cult of the Theos Tauros at Thespiai is linked with the Roman senatorial family of the Statilii Tauri – and particularly with their most prominent member, T. Statilius Taurus (cos. suff. 37, ord. II 26) –, who were active in the Boiotian city in the late first century BCE-early first century CE, as illustrated in an eclectic epigraphic dossier.

Anastasius I and Innocent I: Reconsidering the Evidence of Jerome

AbstractThe comment of Jerome in his letter to Demetrias (Epistula 130) that Innocent I, bishop of Rome from 402 to 417, was the son of his predecessor Anastasius I has been taken at face value by a number of commentators and has been repeated, often without reference to sources, on any number of Internet web sites. The fact that Liber Pontificialis offers a different parentage for Innocent is often ignored. This paper seeks to reconcile and evaluate the two accounts. The argument advanced here is that in Jerome's highly rhetorical letter the reference is to be understood metaphorically and not literally, given that the use of familial terms of address was common in early Christian letters to indicate a hierarchical rather than a biological relationship. Jerome was asserting that Innocent had been a deacon of Rome under Anastasius. Even beyond this common usage, in this letter such metaphor was part of a rhetorical strategy by which he sought to persuade a powerful Roman senatorial family to back his anti-Pelagian campaign and to use their influence on Innocent to do the same.

Prosopographic notes on roman mining in Moesia superior: The families of wealthy immigrants in the mining districts of Moesia superior

Prosopographic notes on roman mining in Moesia superior: The families of wealthy immigrants in the mining districts of Moesia superior

Neologisms in the Latin of Gregory of Tours

I will begin with some introductory remarks on the educational and linguistic background of Gregory of Tours, as this may throw some light on the type of neologisms we find in his work. Gregorius (or Georgius) Florentinus was bom into an upper class, senatorial family in Clermont in the Auvergne in 538 AD. In these circles one can be almost certain that his mother tongue would have been Latin ; nevertheless, he would have lived in a linguistically heteroge­ neous society in which the lower classes would still be Celtic speakers and Germanic would be the language of the new Frankish kings and their courts. Although Gregory would have received a basic grammatical and literary educa­ tion, which would have included some of the classics of pagan literature such as Virgil, his main reading would have been Christian Latin, including most prominently Jerome and the earlier Latin Bible translations. He was living at a time when grammatical training in Latin was in decline and in the preface to his History o f the Franks, as often elsewhere, he admits to his own incompe­ tence in matters of orthography (in litteris), morphology (in syllabis) and syntax (grammaticam artem) :

New Inscriptions from Aphrodisias (1995–2001)

This article presents 33 Greek inscriptions found at Aphrodisias between 1995 and 2001. They include an honorary decree, honorary inscriptions of other types, statue bases, dedications, building inscriptions, epitaphs, and a sundial. The most important new text is an honorary inscription on a statue base set up by the prominent philosopher Alexander of Aphrodisias for his father (4). An unusually early inscription is a posthumous honorary decree for a prominent local citizen (1), which records his achievements probably during the wars and diplomatic exchanges of the first century B.C. The other new texts provide information about cults (Thea Eleutheria: 8; Zeus Nineudios: 11; Hephaistos: 15), the date of the Civil Basilica (14; under Domitian?), gladiatorial competitions (21–22), the prosopography of the city, occupations (11: a bronze-smith; 28: an agent of Fulvia Cervidia Vestina, member of a senatorial family, who probably owned land near Aphrodisias), and the relations between Aphrodisias and the Roman provincial administration (23 and 26).

Workshops with style: minor art in the making

Abstract In his book Byzantine Art in the Making; Main Lines of Stylistic Development in Mediterranean Art 3 rd–7 th Century, Ernst Kitzinger describes three types of subjects represented in a group of ivory plaques most likely executed in the same Roman workshop c. 400. He begins with the famous pair of ivory panels inscribed with the names Nicomachi (Paris, Musée Cluny) and Symmachi (London, Victoria and Albert Museum), two of the old Roman senatorial families known for their efforts and actions to preserve and protect pagan rites during the final decades of the fourth century in Rome [fig. 1]. Each of the two panels shows a priestess performing a rite before an altar. Kitzinger's main interest was in the classicistic style of the settings and figures, recruited to emphasize the patrons' purposes. He compares the priestess diptych with the official ivory diptych of Rufius Probianus. There in each part Probianus, vicarius of the city of Rome, is seen seated on a throne flanked by two notaries [fig. 2]. Below, two patricians stand in acclamation pose. The devotional pair of ivories and the official one, says Kitzinger, are closely related. The borders of the first diptych, made of “delicately wrought palmette ornament” are identical with the frames of the second one, including the borders dividing the Probianus panels into upper and lower zones.

Domus, Family, and Inheritance: the Senatorial Family House in Late Antique Rome

Scholars have traditionally believed that the late antique city of Rome concretely reflected the organization of late Roman senatorial society in terms of gentes. It is assumed that grand senatorial houses, each occupied by the leader of a gens, and passed down from father to son, characterized the urban landscape. This has led to a number of conclusions about the diachronic and synchronic aspects of domestic property ownership in late antique Rome.

Domus, Family, and Inheritance: the Senatorial Family House in Late Antique Rome

Scholars have traditionally believed that the late antique city of Rome concretely reflected the organization of late Roman senatorial society in terms ofgentes.It is assumed that grand senatorial houses, each occupied by the leader of agens, and passed down from father to son, characterized the urban landscape. This has led to a number of conclusions about the diachronic and synchronic aspects of domestic property ownership in late antique Rome.

The Roman Family in Italy: Status, Sentiment, Space

Introduction Roman Kinship: Structure and Sentiment Legal Stumbling-Blocks for Lower-Class Families in Rome Children of Junian Latins Rome and the Outside World: Senatorial Families and the World They Lived In Sons, Slaves and Christians Out of Sight, Out of Mind: Elderly Members of the Roman Family Conflict in the Roman Family Interpreting Epithets in Roman Epitaphs The Iconography of Roman Childhood Iconography: Another Perspective Roman Familial Structures: A Regional Approach Perceptions of Domestic Space in Roman Italy Repopulating the Roman House Artefact Distribution and Spatial Function in Pompeian Houses