Semi-structured Interview Form Research Articles

Peran Guru PAI dalam Meningkatkan Kecerdasan Spiritual Siswa melalui Penguatan Relasi Vertikal Dengan Allah SWT

This study aims to understand the role of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers at SMP Negeri 05 Sinunukan in improving students' spiritual intelligence through strengthening vertical relationships with Allah SWT. The method used was descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques in the form of semi-structured interviews, direct observation, and documentation. Interviews were conducted with PAI teachers, students, principals, and school staff, while observations were made on religious activities such as getting students used to reading prayers and the Qur'an before starting learning Obliging and guiding students to pray zhuhur in congregation. Documentation involved collecting documents related to the PAI program. Data were analyzed by reduction, presentation, and verification of findings through data triangulation. The results showed that PAI teachers not only delivered religious materials but also acted as role models, integrating religious theory with real practices. Activities such as praying together and helping students apply religious values in everyday life by guiding students to pray zhuhur in congregation. And positive interactions between teachers and students. Students show improvement in their understanding and application of religious values, and feel the positive impact in their lives.

Sleep in hospitalized children with cancer: relationship with psychiatric disorders and hospital conditions

Background. Children with cancer often undergo prolonged and recurrent hospitalization, which leads to an increased incidence of sleep disruptions and psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to objectively quantify the prevalence of sleep disruptions in hospitalized pediatric oncology patients and to determine the effects of psychiatric disorders, treatment regimens, and hospital conditions on sleep patterns. Method. This cross-sectional study included 39 children who were undergoing treatment and monitoring in the pediatric oncology inpatient service. Parents completed questionnaires providing information about their child’s sleep patterns, quality of life, and hospital conditions. The children were monitored for five days using actigraphy to record sleep parameters. They were evaluated with a semi-structured interview form (Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version-DSM 5-Turkish Adaptation) for psychiatric diagnoses. Results. Sleep disruptions were identified in 27 (69.2%) children with cancer. In addition to adjustment disorder and anxiety disorder psychiatric diagnoses, behavioral problems and emotional symptoms were more common in the group with sleep disruptions. Actigraphy measurements indicated that poor sleep was associated with younger age, recent cancer diagnosis, specific phobias, depression, daytime napping, and frequent vital sign assessments. Conclusion. Sleep problems in hospitalized children with cancer are linked to psychiatric comorbidities, treatment routines, and hospital conditions. By recognizing psychiatric symptoms and optimizing hospital conditions that affect sleep, healthcare providers can enhance the quality of sleep for these children.

Examining Teachers’ Computational Thinking Skills, Collaborative Learning, and Creativity Within the Framework of Sustainable Education

This study seeks to explore the relationship between science teachers’ computational thinking skills, collaborative learning attitudes, and their creativity in the context of sustainable education. The study adopted an explanatory sequential design, which is one of the designs used in mixed-method research. A total of 369 science teachers were included in the quantitative phase of the study. Quantitative data were collected using three different scales. These scales included the “Computational Thinking Scale”, “Online Cooperative Learning Attitude Scale (OCLAS)”, and “Creative Self-Efficacy Scale”. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), confirmatory factor analysis, and path analysis were conducted to analyze the quantitative data. The qualitative phase of the study consisted of nine science teachers. Data were collected with a semi-structured interview form by considering the scores obtained from the scales. Qualitative data were analyzed through descriptive analysis. It was found that science teachers’ computational thinking skills and collaborative learning attitudes significantly predicted their creativity within the framework of sustainable education. As a result of the interviews conducted, it was concluded that science teachers lacked computational thinking skills. It is critical to provide teachers with guidance on how to integrate computational thinking skills into their subject areas. Science teachers’ knowledge of computational thinking skills can be enhanced, and computational thinking skills can be included in all teacher education programs.

ChatGPT-Supported Education in Primary Schools: The Potential of ChatGPT for Sustainable Practices

This study aims to evaluate the potential of using ChatGPT at the primary school level from the teachers’ perspective within a sustainability framework. The research was conducted as a qualitative case study involving 40 primary school teachers in Turkey during the 2023–2024 academic year, all of whom had no prior experience with ChatGPT. Data collection tools included semi-structured interview forms and researcher diaries developed by the researchers. The data obtained were analysed using content analysis. The findings indicate that most primary school teachers believe ChatGPT is suitable for primary education and can contribute to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4. Additionally, teachers noted that ChatGPT enriches the teaching process and is user-friendly. These findings suggest potential contributions to SDG 4.1 and SDG 4.2. However, concerns were raised regarding ChatGPT’s potential to provide false information, which may negatively impact SDG 4.7. The study also identified that ChatGPT is particularly suitable for mathematics, Turkish, and English courses. This study’s main contribution is that it shows how ChatGPT can help sustainable practices in primary education by getting teachers more involved and meeting specific curriculum needs. This gives us useful information for incorporating AI tools into education that is in line with SDG 4. It is recommended that training programs about ChatGPT and similar AI-supported tools be organised for teachers and parents.

Perinatal care in the earthquake disaster of the century: Nurses' and midwives' experiences.

To determine the experiences of nurses and midwives providing perinatal care in an earthquake area. On February 6, 2023, two earthquakes measuring 7.8 and 7.6 magnitudes struck Turkey, affecting a large area. It is crucial for perinatal care to be rapidly organized, provided under the most suitable conditions, and delivered by qualified health professionals. Understanding the post-disaster experiences of nurses and midwives is crucial to addressing this issue. This is a qualitative study using phenomenological methodology with 8 nurses and 12 midwives in the earthquake-affected area. Personal information and semistructured interview forms were used for data collection. Content analysis was used for data analysis. Participants had a mean age of 33.75 years. The experiences of nurses and midwives were grouped into five themes: emotions experienced, challenges encountered, problems in perinatal services, coping mechanisms, and recommendations. The emotions experienced theme encompasses both positive and negative emotions. The challenges encountered theme includes challenging environmental conditions, organizational issues, problems with medical supplies and drugs, and being a victim of the earthquake. The problems in perinatal services theme includes pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum services. The coping mechanism's theme encompasses problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies. The recommendations theme includes education and awareness, preparedness for disasters, and sustainable services. Nurses and midwives working in the earthquake-affected area experienced numerous physical and psychological challenges and encountered difficulties in delivering health services. Adisaster educationcourse including simulated disaster drills and practice can be integrated into the education system. Strengthening healthcare facilities against disasters and raising awareness among the community are crucial.

Exploring the Perspectives of Students with Disabilities on the Reasonable Accommodations Provided in Higher Education Institutions

The purpose of this study was to explore the available treatment for students with disabilities (SWD) in post-secondary education. the main research question focuses on exploring the perspectives of SWD about the reasonable accommodation focuses they received at King Saud University (KSU), and Princess Nourah University (PNU). A qualitative research methodology was used, information was subsequently collected from 12 SWD via a semi-structured interview format and using Thematic analysis to write the result report. some significant results arose, such as that the majority of SWDs stated that CDSS helps assist with their schooling. Many, however, said that the faculty did not understand their demands and that they needed instruction in this area. They also expressed dissatisfaction with admissions procedures that bar them from enrolling in certain departments. Received: 16 May 2024 / Accepted: 16 September 2024 / Published: 05 November 2024

Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Technologies in Education According to Primary School Teachers: Opportunities and Challenges

Artificial intelligence (AI), which refers to technologies that mimic human cognition, affects many industries. Education is one of these sectors. Artificial intelligence affects many educational environments, from lectures to homework. In this process, both academic and ethical concerns call into question the future of artificial intelligence. These inquiries are essential as they show that the human factor will continue as an integral part of education. Because AI tools, even when best designed, can only partially replace human interaction or quality teaching. However, they can make the teacher's job easier and contribute to more effective learning. Therefore, teachers' awareness of this technology has become essential. This research aims to determine primary school teachers' opinions about using AI tools in education. The research was conducted using a case study. The participants are 16 primary school teachers determined by the criterion sampling method. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview form and analyzed with content analysis. According to the findings, teachers stated that AI tools may have advantages and disadvantages in educational environments. While teachers are concerned about the adverse effects of artificial intelligence tools on students, they also recognize their cognitive and socio-emotional contributions. Teachers also stated that artificial intelligence can make teachers' jobs easier but can only partially replace them. The results help understand primary school teachers' opinions regarding using artificial intelligence tools in the learning process.

Pandemic COVID-19 as a challenge for telemedicine in the Czech Republic.

The COVID-19 Pandemic contributed to accelerating the process of using information and communication technologies and digital technologies in healthcare management and delivery within healthcare systems. At that time, the Czech healthcare system faced the same problems as other European systems and struggled with a temporary limitation of direct provision of healthcare services. It was solved by switching to telemedicine. The Czech healthcare system used telemedicine to a minimal extent until then. Despite adopting the law on healthcare digitisation, it is still one of the countries with a lower level of digitisation of healthcare processes. The article presents the results of an exploratory expert investigation focused on the implementation and development of telemedicine in the Czech Republic. The conducted research aimed to identify problems related to the implementation of telemedicine in practice, place them in the broader framework of the healthcare system and structure them, propose possible solutions, and identify the future challenges of telemedicine in the Czech Republic. We based our study on the results of a three-phase QUAL-QUAN-QUAL research. Data collection in the first phase took the form of individual semi-structured interviews with patients (25) with practical experience in the field of telemedicine, followed by the second quantitative phase of the questionnaire survey with patients (650). The third qualitative phase included semi-structured interviews with experts (17) with practical experience in telemedicine. The introduction and expansion of telemedicine require several fundamental changes. These include adjustments to the legislative environment and changes to the technological infrastructure, organisation of care and work. Several barriers have been identified at the healthcare system level, healthcare providers, healthcare professionals and patients.

Online Design Thinking Instruction and Changes in Pre-Service Teachers’ Self-Perceptions of Design Thinking and Reflective Thinking: A Mixed-Method Study

It is an undeniable fact that Design Thinking (DT) and Reflective Thinking (RT) skills are among the qualities that must be possessed by every individual, especially teachers, who are one of the most important pillars in achieving the goals of curriculums, in the world of education where digital technology has become a great power. This makes it necessary to carry out studies to develop teacher training programs in this direction. The purpose of the current study is to determine the effect of DT training on the DT and RT tendencies of pre-service teachers and to elicit the opinions of pre-service teachers on this process. The study group consisted of a total of 44 second-year pre-service teachers, 32 female and 12 male, attending the Department of Primary Teaching in a state university. The study employed an embedded design, one of the mixed methods, and qualitative research was embedded within quantitative research. An quasi-experimental method was used in the quantitative dimension of the study, and the case study design was used in the qualitative dimension. In the experimental dimension the study, data were collected by using the “Design Thinking Scale”, “Reflective Thinking Level Determination Scale” and a “Personal Information Form” developed by the researcher. The qualitative data of the study were collected by using a semi-structured interview form prepared by the researcher. At the end of the study, it is believed that online DT instruction may have an impact on pre-service teachers' both DT and RT tendencies, and that pre-service teachers with low reflection and critical reflection tendencies may have benefited more from online DT instruction compared to those with higher tendencies.

Early childhood educators’ change of strategies to recognize and assess the child via distance education

Aim of this study was to identify the recognition and assessment techniques used by early childhood educators both before and after the pandemic using a fundamental qualitative research approach. 17 preschool teachers participated in the study using a semi-structured interview form. The study's conclusions are arranged according to several themes. The methods preschool teachers employ to recognize and assess the child during in-person instruction is the first of these themes. Teachers utilize a variety of techniques to recognize and assess children during in-person instruction, including observation, developmental observation forms, developmental reports, warm-up games, drawing, working with families, anecdotes, sociometry, and portfolio work. The sudden switch to online instruction-assessment techniques in remote learning has resulted in unanticipated challenges and unexpected situations for the preschool teachers as they attempt to implement the teaching process. In such unanticipated circumstances, it is important to look at how early childhood educators recognize and assess children.

Artificial Intelligence Supported Analysis of Children's Pictures: Preschool Period Applications

The aim of this study is to investigate the role of artificial intelligence tools in analyzing preschool children's drawings and to determine whether they are effective in analyzing children's drawings. The study group of the research consists of 4 preschool students in the age group of 5 within the scope of Melik Ahmet Gazi Primary School in Tokat province. The research is based on a qualitative research method called multiple case study and documents and semi-structured interview forms were used to collect data. The study group, which was determined by simple random sampling method, was administered the people, family, tree and house drawing tests and each child drew 4 pictures from each test. The data were analyzed and compared in detail by content analysis method using MaxQDA analysis program. The results show that both methods have strengths and weaknesses. While researchers evaluate in detail the first impression, developmental appropriateness and positioning of the drawings, AI has the advantages of speed and objectivity. AI is effective in identifying specific patterns and structures and excels in fast and accurate processing of objective data. Researchers are more successful with contextual and qualitative data.

Integration of Micro-Credentials into Higher Education: Faculty Perspectives

The aim of this study is to examine the views and expectations of instructors regarding micro-competencies, which are believed to have a significant impact on the future of learning and teaching in higher education. In the study, which took a phenomenological approach based on qualitative research methods, interviews were performed with 12 faculty chosen using a criterion sample procedure and semi-structured interview forms. The collected data was evaluated using both content and descriptive analysis. As a result of the investigation, 12 themes emerged. As a result of the research, it was determined that micro-competencies have not been sufficiently conceptualized in higher education; micro-competencies are similar to various structures inside and outside the university; different models for their structuring are proposed; and potential problems are anticipated, as well as facilitating options for their implementation. Although it is known that policy and preparation studies are being carried out in the relevant institutions, it is hoped that the views of the faculties revealed as a result of the research will shed light on the integration of micro-competencies into higher education in a more qualified way.

A/R/Tographic Investigation into Artistic Development Processes of Painting and Drawing Teacher Education Undergraduate Students

This study is a qualitative study designed to investigate the artistic development processes of undergraduate art education students a/r/tographically and to determine the role of portfolio preparation in this process. The present research was conducted in the workshop course of the 4th-grade students of the Department of Art and Art Education of a medium-sized university in the academic year 2022-2023 with the participation of 10 volunteer workshop students. The study group of this research was selected through criterion (purposive) sampling. The collection of the data of the research consisted of student educational development files (portfolio) prepared during the inquiry process, the question pool created, a/r/tograph opinions collected through a semi-structured interview form prepared by taking the opinions of field experts, peer opinions, expert opinions and student artistic products that emerged at the end of the process. Qualitative data analysis was used to analyse the data related to the a/r/tographic process, which is an art-based research method. Accordingly, content analysis was used in student, peer and expert evaluations of educational development files (portfolio). Students' artistic processes and a/r/tographic questioning processes were analysed using descriptive analysis. It was seen that the students were satisfied with the educational development files (portfolio) that they examined by making self-evaluation. Peers and experts who examined the educational development files (portfolio) stated that the files could generally be improved. It was observed that the students were involved in the a/r/tographic process in a determined or accidental way and that they continued the process by making inquiries. It was observed that students developed different perspectives with their artist identities and expressed themselves with process-oriented products that they reflected themselves.

Student Opinions on the Sustainable Art Practice of Printmaking Papers Converted from Waste Paper

This research focuses on understanding and addressing environmental issues through art by integrating waste paper into sustainable art practices. The unique value of this study lies in its emphasis on the fact that combining recycled paper with art carries not only environmental benefits but also social and creative potential. As part of the research, paper-making workshops were organized to facilitate the convergence of recycled paper with art, during which waste paper was recycled to produce printmaking paper. Subsequently, participants were given the opportunity to carry out linoleum printing applications by incorporating local elements into their works. In this research, implementation and examination studies were conducted in line with the stated aims and objectives. The study employed a case study design, one of the qualitative research methods, and data were collected through a semi-structured interview form. Based on these data, it was clearly demonstrated that the students who participated in the paper recycling workshop and engaged in the processes of printing on recycled materials for sustainable art practices experienced an increase in environmental awareness, and their positive impact on sustainable art was clearly revealed.

The Corrosive Effect of School Administrators as Toxic Leaders on Teacher Accountability

Purpose: To examine teachers' views on the corrosive effect of toxic leadership behaviours of school administrators on teacher accountability. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study group of this research, which uses phenomenology as a qualitative research design, was selected using maximum variation sampling method, which is a type of purposive sampling. This group consists of 20 teachers working in 10 public schools in the central district of Isparta. Data were collected from the teachers through a semi-structured interview form. The collected qualitative data were subjected to contextual analysis through MAXQDA software and visualised. The findings show that the majority of teachers reported that toxic leadership has a detrimental effect on teacher accountability. Findings: Toxic leaders, characterised by behaviours such as micromanagement, lack of empathy, and aggressive communication, were found to cause teacher demotivation, alienation, and professional burnout. In addition, toxic leaders erode teacher accountability by creating a negative and insecure organisational climate. Highlights: Toxic leadership behaviours of school administrators are a critical factor that significantly affects teacher accountability. The various dimensions of this impact are as follows: Decreased teacher motivation, psychological safety and job satisfaction, decreased performance and productivity, impeded professional development, stress and burnout. In addition to these, toxic leadership has a negative impact on school climate. A negative school climate leads to a decrease in teachers' willingness to cooperate and be accountable. This can also negatively impact student achievement because lack of co-operation and support among teachers reduces the quality of education. Therefore, it is important for school administrators to exhibit more positive and supportive leadership behaviours to increase teachers' motivation and strengthen their accountability.

The Use of Mind Mapping Technique in Acquisition of Grammar Structures in Foreign Language Teaching

Purpose: As in other languages, Turkish also consists of words formed by the combination of sounds and sounds and meaningful integrity formed by the combination of words in a ruleful way. Therefore, it needs some rules for both the formation of sounds, the formation of words and the formation of sentences, which constitutes grammar. In order to learn a foreign language fully and properly, it is necessary to master the rules of grammar. Methods and techniques designed for learning something in the best and shortest time are important and necessary for teaching grammar in foreign language teaching. The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of mind mapping technique, which is a different and new technique, in teaching grammar structures in teaching Turkish as a foreign language. Design/Methodology/Approach: In the study, mind mapping diagrams were used to teach grammar structures in teaching Turkish as a foreign language. According to this diagram, language consists of three components: form, function and use. For this reason, all grammar structures to be explained in the lesson were organized according to these three components and diagrams were prepared. Grammar structures were taught through the diagrams whose instructor opinions were taken. “Interview technique”, one of the qualitative data collection tools, was used in the study. For this, a semi-structured interview form was used. At Sakarya University TÖMER, a total of 22 learners at the A2 level were taught with the mind mapping technique for 7 weeks, and then the learners were interviewed one by one with a semi-structured interview form. Content analysis was used to analyze the data. The data obtained through content analysis were divided into themes and sub-themes. Findings: When the mind mapping technique in teaching grammar structures in teaching Turkish as a foreign language was analyzed according to learner opinions, 5 themes and 23 sub-themes were identified. Highlights: According to the opinions of the learners, positive results such as the mind mapping technique being effective in grammar teaching, being useful, having a structure that offers ease of teaching as well as contributing to recall and developing a positive attitude towards the lesson were determined.

An Examination of Views of Teachers, Students, and Parents on Inclusive Practices in Social Studies Lessons During Distance Education

Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the views of classroom teachers, fourth-grade inclusion students, and parents regarding inclusive practices implemented in social studies lessons during distance education. Design/Methodology/Approach: The research design is case study. The data were obtained from a study group consisting of 15 classroom teachers, 15 inclusion students, and 15 parents during the 2020-2021 academic year. The data collected through semi-structured interview forms were analyzed using content analysis. Findings: As a result of the research, it was seen that most of the classroom teachers did not implement separate practices for inclusion students, using methods such as direct instruction, question-answer, and discussion in social studies lessons. Inclusion students stated that distance education was mostly negative, lacked social interaction, was boring, did not provide an interactive environment, and incomplete learning was experienced. According to the parents’ opinions, it was concluded that students did not participate in social studies lessons, had learning gaps, the course was not presented appropriately for the student, teacher did not provide additional support for their children, and distance education caused attention deficits in their children. Highlights: From all stakeholder perspectives, it was concluded that distance education mostly had negative effects on inclusion students. Additionally, both teachers and parents frequently expressed that the implemented practices during the pandemic were designed according to typically developing students, resulting in inclusion students being neglected.

Analyzing Perception of Administrators and Teachers on Management of Schools by Values (Kızıltepe Case)

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the perception of administrators and teachers related to the management of schools according to values in terms of variables of gender, age, seniority, grade, school type, school region and profession type. Design/Methodology/Approach: The research was conducted using mixed method. The population consists of 3338 administrators and teachers working in public and private primary, secondary and high schools in Kızıltepe district of Mardin in the 2021-2022 academic year. The sample of the quantitative part consists of 340 participants determined by simple random sampling technique, while the study group of the qualitative part consists of 10 administrators and 10 teachers selected by maximum diversity technique. The data for the quantitative dimension was collected using the "Management by Values Scale" developed by Yılmaz (2006). To collect the data of the qualitative dimension, a semi-structured interview form developed by the researcher and consisting of six questions was used. T-test was used for the variables of gender, profession type, school region and school type and ANOVA was used for the variables of age, seniority and grade. Tukey Test was used to determine the source of the values which have significant differences. Content analysis was used for qualitative data. Findings: As a result of the analysis of both qualitative and quantitative data, it has been found that the participants have a positive perception about the management of schools according to values. However, no significant difference has been found between the groups according to the variables of gender, age, grade, school type, school region and type of profession. A significant difference has been found between the groups with 1-5 years and 11-15 years of working experience in the seniority variable. Highlights: According to the data obtained from the research and also the literature review, it has been concluded that teachers and administrators have a positive perception that schools are managed according to values. There should be programs to educate managers since there is a substantial need for this based on this research.

The effect of Mobile-Assisted training and counseling on nurses' ventrogluteal injections application of nursing: A mixed method study.

Nurses often administer intramuscular (IM) injections. However, they do not use the ventrogluteal (VG) site, although it is highly recommended. This study investigated whether a mobile-assisted training and counseling program (intervention) encouraged nurses to use the VG site to administer IM injections. This study adopted a pretest-posttest interventional design with no control group and employed a mixed research design. The sample consisted of 105 nurses from a public hospital in a metropolitan city in Turkey. Quantitative data were collected using a descriptive characteristics form and a Ventrogluteal Site Information Form (VSIF). Qualitative data were collected using a semi-structured interview form. First, participants took a pretest and then watched an animation about VG injections on their mobile devices. Afterward, they were provided with counseling and then administered a posttest. Sixteen participants were interviewed after the posttest. Participants had a significantly higher mean posttest VSIF score (17.50 + 3.23) than the pretest score (12.73 + 5.40) (p < 0.05). They stated that the intervention helped them reinforce what they already knew and encouraged them to use the VG site to administer IM injections. They also noted that it boosted their confidence and helped them experience less anxiety. The results showed that the intervention helped participants learn more about IM injections into the VG site. Therefore, hospitals should provide nurses with mobile-assisted training and counseling programs to encourage them to use the VG site to administer IM injections.

Göçün Eğitim Üzerindeki Etkilerinin Göçmen Veli Görüşlerine Göre Değerlendirilmesi

The aim of this study is to determine the problems experienced by immigrants in the field of education through interviews. Evaluating the views of immigrant students' parents on this issue, it was desired to get concrete results in the field. At the same time, taking into account the situations that developed due to the pandemic, questions were asked regarding access to distance education. In this study, the interview method was applied within the scope of qualitative research. Data were obtained by using semi-structured interview forms. The sample of the study consists of seven immigrant families living in Konya. The semi-structured interview form used in the study was developed by the researcher himself. When the findings are examined, it has been seen that the problems experienced by these immigrant families who have lived in Turkey for a certain period of time in relation to education do not make a significant difference from other individuals who are Turkish Citizens. This is not true for all children of parents, especially if there are problems with adaptation. Participants in the research stated that they learned Turkish by overcoming language-related problems in a short time in terms of communication. Immigrant parents stated that they are very satisfied with the education in Turkey. Key Words: İmmigration, Parents, Education, Matters