Semarang Regency Research Articles

Waste management of traditional dairy farming for alternative energy: A feasibility study on biogas processing in Dusun Banyudono, Semarang Regency, Indonesia

Dairy farming's waste contributes to greenhouse (GHG) gas emission, and its conversion into biogas is of potential benefit to reduce emission while providing alternative energy for the dairy farmers. Although biogas conversion has been conducted in Banyudono, Semarang Regency, not all dairy farmers are interested in this biogas processing, and it seems to be related to the question of the benefit they would receive. This research aims to explain the management of the waste of dairy farming in Banyudono and a feasibility study on dairy farming in Banyudono, if biogas processing is not to be included and along with biogas processing. This study combines qualitative and quantitative approaches by conducting interviews, direct observation, documentation, and a feasibility study on biogas processing. This study finds that 8,400 kg of cow manure and 4,950 liters of urine are produced every day, by only 5.76% is processed into biogas, 11.25% is processed into manure, while 82.98% of the waste is left unused. The feasibility study indicates that biogas processing tends to increase the benefit received by independent farmers instead of the member of the dairy farmer group discussed in the study. Furthermore, our study reveals issues regarding the dairy farmers' environmental awareness, poor management of biogas distribution on the farmer group level, and technology adoption problems. Finally, a model of integrated farming system is composed to address the issue of waste management in Banyudono.

Analisis Koreksi Fiskal Atas Laporan Keuangan Komersil PT. ABC Tahun 2018

The purpose of this research is to determine the Taxable Income in accordance with the provisions of taxation by making fiscal corrections to the company's commercial financial statements and knowing whether the company has made a fiscal correction correctly according to the tax regulations. Taxable income will be the basis for calculating corporate income tax. The subject of this research is PT. ABC which is located in Semarang Regency. This research used descriptive method. The object used of this research is financial statements of PT. ABC during 2018. To collect the data, researchers used observation and interview methods which directly went to the object of research and conducting interviews in order to obtain information needed for this research. The results of this research prove that PT. ABC made several mistakes in making fiscal corrections that caused the calculation of Taxable Income and his corporate income tax becomes incorrect.

A value chain analysis of sweet potato commodity marketing

A thorough analysis of farmers’ purchasing power is very important because of agricultural products’ unique characteristics that likely position farmers more vulnerably. In this respect, we seek to anayze farmers’ purchasing power and market conditions of an agricultural product (sweet potatoes) by using the value chain and SCP (structure, conduct, performance) analyses. This study is administered in Bergas Sub-district, Semarang Regency that exhibit high potentials of sweet potato products. Our research sample are farmers, marketing institutions, and governments that are selected with the purposive sampling and snowball sampling methods. The results show that sweet potatoes marketing in this sub-district has four marketing channels and the market structure is oligopoly. The concentration ratio (CR4) of 0.52 indicates that the market has weak concentration with the Minimum Efficiency Scale (MES) score of 65%, implying that new competitors are obstructed to enter the market. Further, the fourth market channel has efficient marketing system performance with the marketing margin of Rp 1,500/ kg and farmers’ market share of 57.14%. Overall, our results suggest that farmers have to select short marketing chains and sell their products to final consumers.

THE CREATIVE THINKING ABILITY IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL MATHEMATICS PROBLEM SOLVING

The creative Thinking Ability in Elementary School Mathematics Problem Solving. The purpose of this research is how to know the quality of learning used and how to find out the creative thinking ability in student problem solving. The subjects of this classroom action research were all fourth grade students of SDN Candirejo 01, West Ungaran District, Semarang Regency, 2020/2021 academic year. This research is a qualitative research. The results of this research indicate that 1) The learning quality shows good; 2) The creative thinking ability in solving mathematical problems is analyzed by paying attention to 3 criteria, such as fluency, flexibility, and novelty. Based on the discussion that has been done by researchers on 10 research subjects.

Inequality and transaction costs in a community-based water supply in rural area adjacent to national park

National parks can be sensitive state-property areas since the surrounding communities generally need the parks' resources for their livelihood. This paper focuses on inequality and transaction costs in PAMSIMAS (Community-Based Water Supply and Sanitation), a water sector program in Indonesia’s rural and peri-urban areas. The method used is a case study of PAMSIMAS in Tajuk, a village adjacent to Mount Merbabu National Park in Semarang Regency, Central Java. The data were gathered from documentary studies, in-depth interviews, and observations, and were analyzed using transaction cost economics and institutional analysis. This study found that the rules of PAMSIMAS, especially water pricing mechanisms, enhanced water availability but could not diminish the uncertainty of water access and transaction costs born by water users. Inequalities of endowment, power, and information among the hamlets affected how PAMSIMAS was run. Mobilization of water resources is related to property rights, which should be well-defined. Still, there was an overlapping property institution of Mount Merbabu National Park forest and its water resources; thus, the water user groups had to bear different transaction costs. The study provides suggestions for providing broader 'rules of the game' in rural water management, recognizing local conditions and prospects, acknowledging community rights to resources, and developing inclusive community participation.JEL Classification D23; P48; Q15

The Effect of Immersion Doses of Hybrid Coconut Water on Guppy (Poecillia reticulata) to Increase the Male Larvae Percentage

Abstract Guppy fish is one type of ornamental fish that has its charm where it has beautiful colours and a slender body shape. Male guppy fish are more attractive, have more beautiful colour patterns, longer tail fins, and a slimmer body than female guppies. Hence, their selling price is much higher and is in demand in the market in the ornamental fish industry. One way that can be done to produce male guppy fish is by using the sex reversal or masculinization method. The sex reversal method that can be used is to use a solution of young hybrid coconut water (Cocos nucifera) with different doses. The immersion process will affect the percentage of male sex in guppy fish because in the young coconut water solution there is a content of potassium which plays a role in the sex reversal process which functions to regulate testosterone regulation in the body and direct the work of androgens. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of young coconut water on the sex ratio of male guppies resulting from the immersion of female broodfish and to determine the best dose for the success rate of masculinization of guppy fish. The research was conducted from April to June 2020 in guppy fish farmers in Sidomulyo Village, East Ungaran District, Semarang Regency. The test animal used was the Black Moscow fish. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design of 4 treatments and 3 replications. Treatment of different immersion doses of young coconut water solution used were A (without immersion), B (40%), C (45%), D (50%). The data observed included the percentage of the male sex, survival rate and water quality. The results obtained from the research showed that the percentage value of male guppy fish was treated A (50.57 ± 3.48%), B (84.90 ± 2.55%), C (90.42 ± 1.67%), D (96.90 ± 1.34%). The results of the survival rate are treatment A (98.91 ± 0.95%), B (95.58 ± 2.48%), C (91.25 ± 3.46%), D 84.36 ± 3.62 %. The results of water quality observations were in the form of temperatures ranging from 26.9-28.9 ℃, pH (7.2-7.9), and DO ranging from 3.5-5.5 mg/ L. The conclusion was that immersion of young coconut water solution in pregnant guppy broods with different doses had a significant effect (P <0.05) on the percentage of the male sex. The best treatment was treatment D (50%) which resulted in the percentage value of male sex 96.90 ± 1.34%. Keywords: Black Moscow, potassium, masculinization, androgen hormone

Migrant Workers Role in Rural-Urban Linkage, Case Study: Industrial Growth in Semarang Regency, Indonesia

Rural-urban linkages are part of regional development concern, providing a regional network strategy to deal with the rural-urban divide issue. Industrial growth in the peri-urban area is an important activity that could bridge the linkage of rural and urban. The recent growth of the industrial sector in Semarang Regency, Indonesia, has fostered the surrounding region workers to migrate into the area that promoted the rural-urban linkage. This paper presents a research result of the industrial migrant workers role in rural-urban linkage of the peri-urban region. The research approach was carried out by descriptive analysis to understand the role of migrant workers in the rural-urban linkage. The research collected data from a sample of migrant workers in the regency. The study found that the rural migrant workers as people movement are the main component of rural-urban linkage, which fosters the other linkage components. The workers bring rural social capital from the origin area to support migration and working activity in the urban area. In general, the growth of migrant workers in the industrial sector in the Semarang Regency has a significant impact on promoting rural-urban linkage, especially regarding the contemporary flow of workers to the urban area and spreading remittance income and information surrounding rural areas. Despite the opportunities, the current rural-urban linkages were not yet effectively realized and utilized by the government to deal with the rural-urban divide issue.

A Comparative Study: Micro-Hydro Power Management Model in Rural and Isolated Area

Micro-Hydro Power (MHP) is a solution to the need for renewable energy in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0. Its environmentally friendly effect has become a consideration for many people to consider implementing it in their respective places. One of the critical points to realize this is a sustainable MHP management model. This paper discusses the assessment of the MHP management model for electrification in rural areas in Indonesia. There are two objects in this research: Kunci Putih MHP in Jatirunggo Village, Semarang Regency, and the Mbakuhau MHP in Kamanggih Village, East Sumba Regency. This research aims to assess the management model of the Kunci Putih MHP and Mbakuhau MHP from the social-managerial, economic, and technical aspects. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods with gap analysis techniques. The results show that the two locations have different challenges based on three aspects that have been recognizing in international standards. The private sector manages Kunci Putih MHP with a National scale installation operated by the company directly. In contrast, Mbakuhau MHP manages by a credit union collaboration with National Electricity East Sumba. Kunci Putih MHP is driven by the private sector through auction and is responsible for maintenance, project engineering, repair, and equipment maintenance. Mbakuhau MHP can be successful in community-based management because IBEKA (Pro-Poor Public-Private Partnership) gave the community training during construction. The community provides technical training in leadership because Mbakuhau MHP is an electrification solution for isolated villages so that management is better carried out by the community. Therefore, the two cases cannot significantly be compared because they are different in power and scale.

Assessment of the Impacts of Climate and LULC Changes on the Water Yield in the Citarum River Basin, West Java Province, Indonesia

Changes in climate and land use land cover (LULC) are important factors that affect water yield (WY). This study explores which factors have more significant impact on changes in WY, spatially and temporally, within the Citarum River Basin Unit (RBU), West Java Province, Indonesia with an area of ±11.317 km2. The climate in the area of Citarum RBU belongs to the Am climate type, which is characterized by the presence of one or more dry months. The objectives of the study were: (1) To estimate a water yield model using integrated valuation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs (InVEST), and (2) to test the sensitivity of water yield (WY) to changes in climate variables (rainfall and evapotranspiration) and in LULC. The integration of remote sensing (RS), geographic information system (GIS), and the integrated valuation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs (InVEST) approach were used in this study. InVEST is a suite of models used to map and value the goods and services from nature that sustain and fulfill human life. The parameters used for determining the WY are LULC, precipitation, average annual potential evapotranspiration, soil depth, and plant available water content (PAWC). The results showed that the WY within the territory of Citarum RBU was 12.17 billion m3/year, with mean WY (MWY) of 935.26 mm/year. The results also show that the magnitude of MWY in Citarum RBU is lower than the results obtained in Lake Rawa Pening Catchment Areas, Semarang Regency and Salatiga City, Central Java (1.137 mm/year) and in the Patuha Mountain region, Bandung Regency, West Java (2.163 mm/year), which have the same climatic conditions. The WY volume decreased from 2006, to 2012, and 2018. Based on the results of the simulation, climatic parameters played a major role affecting WY compared to changes in LULC in the Citarum RBU. This model also shows that the effect of changes in rainfall (14.06–27.53%) is more dominant followed by the effect of evapotranspiration (10.97–23.86%) and LULC (10.29–12.96%). The InVEST model is very effective and robust for estimating WY in Citarum RBU, which was indicated by high coefficient of determination (R2) 0.9942 and the RSME value of 0.70.

Analisis Kepuasan Petani Sayuran Organik Anggota Gapoktan Bangkit Merbabu dalam Mengikuti Program Kemitraan Usaha dengan PT Bloom Agro

A partnership is an effort to involve various components to work together toward a common goal. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the partnership between farmers and PT Bloom Agro and to analyze the level of farmers’ satisfaction with the company. This study was conducted in January-February 2020 at the Bangkit Merbabu Farmer Group Association, Getasan Subdistrict, Semarang Regency. This study used a case study method with a sample size of 50 respondents who were determined by purposive sampling. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) and Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI). The study found ten attributes that are used as an assessment in implementing a partnership between farmers and PT Bloom Agro. The calculation from the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) found one attribute that became the main priority (Quadrant I), namely the field technicians’ level of knowledge. The four attributes that need to be maintained (Quadrant II) are clear standard operating procedures regarding product quality determination, selling price suitability, ease of product delivery, and increased revenue. The four low priority attributes (Quadrant III) are seed quality, field technicians response to farmer complaints, the suitability of products absorbed by the company, and the timing of payment. One redundant attribute (Quadrant IV) is the technology provided. The results of the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) of 0.88 or 88% indicate that the performance of PT Bloom Agro has made farmers very satisfied.

WORK FAMILY CONFLICT PADA IBU BEKERJA BAGIAN PRODUKSI DI PERUSAHAAN GARMEN KECAMATAN PRINGAPUS KABUPATEN SEMARANG

This study aims to describe the work family conflicts experienced by mothers working in garment production units in Pringapus District, Semarang Regency and to find out the reasons for working mothers to continue working in the public sector, as well as how to deal with work family conflicts experienced by working mothers. The analysis used is descriptive with in-depth interview data collection techniques with a total of 50 respondents who work in production units in garment companies. The results of the study found that some of the reasons for mothers to continue working were the desire to help their husbands, feeling more independent, other needs that must be met, the opportunity to work, the existence of other family members who are the dependents of the working mother, and the last is the desire of the mother to work. . Work family conflicts in working mothers lead to more time-based conflicts and strain-based conflicts. The way to deal with work family conflicts is to improve the quality of communication, make effective use of time off from work, ask for the services of household assistants or help from other family members, worship, complete work on time and make good friends with colleagues.

Perbedaan Pemberian Jus Tomat Dan Jus Wortel Terhadap Tekanan Darah Lansia Penderita Hipertensi Kecamatan Bawen

Hypertension is the most common disease in the elderly and causes death worldwide every year. Hypertension disease can be controlled non pharmacologically such us using tomato juice and carrot juice. To know the different effect of carrot juice and tomato juice to blood pressure of elderly hypertension patients in Lemahireng Village, Bawen Sub-district, Semarang Regency. This type of research was Quasy Experiment using Two - Group Pre Post Test Design. The samples in this study were 30 people with 15 samples of carrot juice group and 15 samples of tomato juice. Blood pressure was measured using a sphygmomanometer. Data analysis used dependent t-test and independen tt-test (α = 0,05). In the carrot juice group, the average systole before administering carrot juice was 165.73mmHg and after it was 149.87 mmHg, while diastole before administering carrot juice was 95.33 and after it was 88.73 mmHg. In the tomato juice group, the average systole before administering tomato juice was 164.47 and after it was 150.53 mmHg, whereas diastole before administering tomato juice was 93.00 and 85.53 mmHg afterwards. There is no significant difference in the effect of administering carrot juice and tomato juice to lower blood pressure. Carrot juice or tomato juice can be used as a non-pharmacological treatment for hypertensive patients.Key words: Hypertension, Carrot juice, Tomato juice

Pengaruh Rendam Kaki Air Hangat Terhadap Kualitas Tidur Pada Lansia Penderita Hipertensi Di Kelurahan Lodoyong Kecamatan Ambarawa Kabupaten Semarang

Sleep disorders attack 50% elderly. Elderly people are at risk of having sleep disorder caused by many factors, one of which is hypertension. Poor sleep quality can cause physiological and psychological balance disorders. Warm water foot soak as one alternative action for increase sleeping quality in elderly with hypertension because of the relaxation effect. This study aim to determine the effect of warm water foot soak toward sleeping quality in elderly with hypertension at Lodoyong Village Ambarawa Subdistrict Semarang Regency. Methods is Pre experimental with one group pre test-post test design. The samples of 26 people were taken by purposive sampling method. Data analysis bivariate (Wilcoxon Statistics Test). 26 elderly have good sleeping quality (100%). Bivariate analysis shows there is effect of warm water foot soak toward sleeping quality in elderly with hypertension at Lodoyong Village Ambarawa Subdistrict Semarang Regency with p Value 0,001. As one alternative action for increase sleeping quality in elderly with hypertension. The elderly with hypertension should do warm water foot soak so that it can be done continuously on night. So there isn’t decrease in sleeping quality.Key words: warm water foot soak, sleeping quality, hypertension, elderly

Intervensi Sosial dalam Manajemen Pendidikan Inklusif Dinas Pendidikan Kebudayaan Kepemudaan dan Olahraga Kabupaten Semarang

The implementation of inclusive education in Semarang is still experiencing various obstacles. The aim of this research is to analyze the social intervention conducted by the Education Office, Culture, Youth and Sports District of Semarang in the implementation of an inclusive education of elementary school level, by looking at the intervention process carried out and the constraints contained therein. This research uses qualitative methods of descriptive. The results showed that the management of inclusive education in Semarang Regency isn’t optimal, because there is still an intervention process that is not seen in the implementation of inclusive education by the Semarang District Education Office. The advice that researchers can provide is the addition of quotas for the ABK to school and the addition of budgets intended for the recruitment process of special escort teachers, special escort teachers ' benefit, procurement of infrastructure and maintenance.
 Keywords: Social intervention, management, inclusive education

TEXTUAL STUDY OF SANDUL PERFORMANCE CANDIGARON VILLAGE SUMOWONO DISTRICT SEMARANG REGENCY

Sandul performance is a popular show to people of Candigaron, Sumowono, Semarang Regency because it has its own uniqueness in its presentation. One of the interesting presentations is that the dancers, musicians, and audiences communicate through rhymes. In this research, what is interesting to study is the form of Sandul performance. The study focused on the performance structure and supporting elements and performance functions for the people of Candigaron, Sumowono, Semarang Regency. The research location is Candigaron, Sumowono, Semarang Regency. This study used qualitative methods to explore various fields data in explaining the problems that occur. Obtaining field data was then processed and written using a descriptive analysis method with an ethnocoreological approach. Data were collected by means of observation, interviews and documentation to informants. Motion analysis was carried out to get a clear and detailed picture of the movements in Sandul show which contain the meanings in each of the various movements.

Relationship Between NDVI and the Microbial Content of Soil in Detecting Fertility Level at Semarang Regency, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

Relationship Between NDVI and the Microbial Content of Soil in Detecting Fertility Level at Semarang Regency, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

PENGARUH IKLIM ORGANISASI DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA GURU SMP/MTs DI KECAMATAN SUSUKAN KABUPATEN SEMARANG

The problems in this study are: (1) is there an influence of organizational climate on the performance of junior / MTs teachers in Susukan District, Semarang Regency; (2) is there any influence of work motivation on the performance of SMP / MTs teachers in Susukan District, Semarang Regency; (3) is there an influence of organizational climate and work motivation on the performance of SMP / MTs teachers in Susukan District, Semarang Regency.The purpose of this study is: (1) to find out whether there is an influence of organizational climate on teacher performance; (2) to find out whether there is an effect of work motivation on teacher performance; (3) to find out whether there is an influence of organizational climate and work motivation on the performance of SMP / MTs teachers in Susukan District, Semarang Regency.The population in this study were SMP / MTs teachers in Susukan District, Semarang Regency, which amounted to 157 people, with a sample of 113 people determined by proportional random sampling technique. Data collection using a questionnaire. The data analysis used was descriptive analysis, requirements test, single regression analysis and multiple regression analysis which was calculated using the SPSS for Windows version 21 program.From the results of the study, it can be seen that the average score of the organizational climate score of 120.58 is quite good; the average work motivation score of 126.16 includes a fairly good category; the average score of the teacher's performance score of 117.30 is quite good. Prerequisite test results from the research data obtained normal distribution data, homogeneous, linear, not multicollinear, and heteroscedasticity did not occur. From the hypothesis test it was found that there was a positive influence of the organizational climate on teacher performance as stated by the equation Y = 68.786 + 0.402X1; correlation strength of 0.405 with a contribution of 0.164 or 16.4%. There is a positive effect of work motivation on teacher performance which is expressed by the equation Y = 69.409 + 0.380X2; correlation strength of 0.389 with a contribution of 0.151 or 15.1%. There is a positive influence of organizational climate and work motivation together on teacher performance which is expressed by the equation Y = 49,624 + 0,290X1 + 0,259X2; with contributions of 0.221 or 22.1%.The performance of junior high school / MTs teachers in Susukan District, Semarang Regency is influenced by the organizational climate and work motivation of teachers. Aspects of warmth, personal relationships between school members, and the task of teachers in terms of training students still need to be improved. The principal must make efforts to improve the condition.

Social Media, Consumer Motivation, And Consumer Purchase Decision For Fashion Consumers In Semarang District

<strong>Abstract: </strong>This study aims to analyze the influence of social media on purchasing decisions through consumer motivation in fast fashion consumers in Semarang Regency. This study uses quantitative methods as many as 100 respondents were determined using a census. Data were collected using a questionnaire and processed using partial least squares. The results showed that social media had a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, consumer motivation had a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions and social media had a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions.

Analysis of Partnership Satisfaction Between Andini Luhur Cooperative and Dairy Farmers

The partnership program between dairy farmers in Getasan district and Andini Luhur Cooperative needs to be followed up because it is considered unfavorable for farmers during the period of partnership. This study aimed to analyze the partnership activities and satisfaction level of dairy farmers in Getasan District in implementing partnerships with Andini Luhur Cooperative. This research was conducted in December 2019 to January 2020 in Getasan District, Semarang Regency. The location of the study was determined purposively with the consideration that Getasan District is the center of dairy cows in Semarang Regency. The research method used was surveying method. Determination of respondents was done by taking all dairy farmers in Getasan District who were in partnership with Andini Luhur Cooperative. Data collection methods used were interviews, questionnaires, and observations. Data analysis methods used were descriptive and quantitative analysis using the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) and Consumer Satisfaction Index (CSI) methods. Based on the results, it was found that the type of partnership is contract farming with core-plasma pattern. The results of IPA shows that there are 1 attribute that is classified in Quadrant I (top priority), 2 attributes are classified in Quadrant II (maintained), 4 attributes are classified in Quadrant III ( low priority) and 3 attributes are classified in quadrant IV (excessive). From CSI calculations, the result obtained is 54.84%, which means farmers are quite satisfied with the performance of services provided by Andini Luhur Cooperative.

ANALISA PENGETAHUAN IBU TENTANG TUMBUH KEMBANG BALITA DENGAN PARTISIPASI PENIMBANGAN BALITA DI POSYANDU ANGGREK KELURAHAN POPONGAN KABUPATEN SEMARANG

Increased community participation at the village level and community families, especially in the development of maternal, child and family health which are priorities for health development through the Village Community Health Development approach, which is manifested in the form of developing and fostering posyandu, and so on. Posyandu is one of the supporting faktors indispensable for monitoring the growth of their children. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between maternal knowledge about toddler growth and development with participation in weighing children under five at Posyandu Anggrek, Popongan Village, Semarang Regency. This type of research is a correlative study with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were all mothers who had toddlers at the Posyandu Anggrek, Popongan Village, Semarang Regency, as many as 59 samples of women who obtained 37 respondents. The results showed that most of the knowledge of mothers under five is in the good category, namely 34 respondents (91.9%). Most of the participation of mothers to come to the posyandu is in the participation category, namely 27 respondents (73.0%). There is a significant relationship between the level of maternal knowledge about toddler growth and development with participation in weighing children under five at the Posyandu Anggrek, Popongan Village, Semarang Regency with a p value of 0.798 (p 0.05). Suggestions to the community, especially mothers and families with toddlers to always be active in visiting to the posyandu so that growth and development can be monitored.