Investment decision-making behavior among Credit Union (CU) members increasingly reflects emotional, social, and cognitive interactions. This study investigates how Fear of Missing Out (FOMO), Social Influence (SI), and Risk Perception (RP) impact members’ Investment Decisions (ID), and the mediating roles of Financial Literacy (FL) and Self-Control (SC). A quantitative approach was used, collecting survey data from 300 CU members in Central Kalimantan, and the analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results reveal that FOMO negatively affects FL and SC, while SI positively influences both mediators. Consequently, FL and SC significantly improve the quality of investment decisions, confirming their dual mediating roles. RP, however, shows no direct or indirect effect. In conclusion, emotional and social factors shape investment decisions primarily through cognitive (financial literacy) and self-regulatory (self-control) mechanisms, rather than directly. Therefore, Credit Unions should prioritize “anti-FOMO” education and self-control development programs to foster more rational and sustainable investment behavior among members. The study contributes to behavioral finance literature by integrating cognitive and regulatory mechanisms in community-based financial settings. It offers practical guidance for Credit Unions through “anti-FOMO” education and self-control development programs.

BackgroundInternet addiction (IA) has become an increasingly prevalent behavioral health concern among university students, with previous studies reporting substantial levels of problematic internet use among nursing students, including a multicenter study in China that found a prevalence of 23.3%. Because problematic internet use may be associated with poorer quality of life (QL), QL represents an important well-being outcome in this population. Mindfulness exercise (ME), as a movement-based mindfulness practice, may serve as a protective factor associated with better self-regulation and healthier behavioral functioning. However, limited research has examined whether ME is associated with QL directly and indirectly through self-control (SC) and IA among nursing students.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted among 480 nursing students using validated measures of mindfulness exercise, self-control, internet addiction, and quality of life. Data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity of the measurement model were confirmed. Bootstrapping with 5,000 resamples was applied to examine direct and mediating effects among the study variables.ResultsThe results showed that mindfulness exercise was positively associated with self-control (β = 0.435, p < 0.001) and quality of life (β = 0.181, p < 0.001). Self-control was negatively associated with internet addiction (β = −0.304, p < 0.001), and internet addiction was negatively associated with quality of life (β = −0.215, p < 0.001). In addition, self-control significantly mediated the association between mindfulness exercise and internet addiction (β = −0.132, p < 0.001), as well as the association between mindfulness exercise and quality of life (β = 0.163, p < 0.001). Furthermore, a significant sequential mediating effect of self-control and internet addiction was found in the association between mindfulness exercise and quality of life (β = 0.028, p = 0.001).ConclusionMindfulness exercise was associated with better quality of life among nursing students, both directly and indirectly through self-control and internet addiction. In particular, the findings support a sequential mediation pathway in which higher mindfulness exercise was associated with higher self-control, which in turn was associated with lower internet addiction and better quality of life. Given the cross-sectional design, these findings should be interpreted as associative rather than causal.Clinical trial registrationNot applicable.

The mental health problem of college students has become an increasingly prominent public health problem. Mindfulness exercise (ME) is considered to be a promising way to improve psychological well-being. However, the underlying mechanisms by which mindfulness exercise affects mental health (MH) remain poorly understood. Based on the theory of self-regulation, this research explores the sequential mediating role of sleep regularity (SR) and self-control (SC) in the relationship between mindfulness exercise and mental health of college students. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 470 Chinese undergraduate students using validated self-report instruments measuring mindfulness exercise, sleep regularity, self-control, and mental health. Data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4.1. Measurement reliability and validity were assessed, and bootstrapping procedures (5,000 resamples) were employed to test direct, indirect, and sequential mediation effects. The measurement model demonstrated satisfactory reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. Structural model results indicated that mindfulness exercise was positively associated with sleep regularity (β = 0.457, p < 0.001), sleep regularity was positively associated with self-control (β = 0.288, p < 0.001), and self-control was positively associated with mental health (β = 0.296, p < 0.001). Mediation analyses revealed that sleep regularity significantly mediated the relationship between mindfulness exercise and self-control, while self-control mediated the association between mindfulness exercise and mental health. Moreover, a significant sequential mediating effect of sleep regularity and self-control was observed in the relationship between mindfulness exercise and mental health. Mindfulness exercise was positively associated with MH among university students, and this association was linked to sleep regularity and self-control. The results enhance the theoretical understanding of the behavioral and self-regulation mechanisms linking mindfulness exercise and mental health, and provide practical implications for the development of integrated mental health promotion interventions targeting sleep behavior and self-regulation in higher education environments.

Adaptive decision-making under risk requires individuals to flexibly adjust their risk-taking behavior after losses. Such post-loss risk adjustment is shaped by self-control (SC) and achievement motivation (AM), yet whether and how these two traits interact to influence this adjustment remains unknown, as well as its underlying neural correlates. To address this question, we recruited two independent samples (discovery: N1 = 425; replication: N2 = 182) to ask them undergo the resting-state fMRI scanning, finish the psychological measurements, and Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) used to measure post-loss risk adjustment (Kloss). The behavior results showed a significant interaction effect between SC and AM: higher SC predicted greater post-loss risk reduction (lower Kloss), but only among individuals with low AM, indicating that achievement motivation moderates how self-control shapes adaptive reactions to loss. At the neural level, converging voxel-based morphometry and rsFC results revealed an interaction effect between SC and AM in the left putamen along with functional connectivity (FC) between the left putamen and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Moreover, a moderated mediation analysis demonstrated that the left putamen-ACC FC mediated the relationship between SC and Kloss exclusively in low-AM individuals. These effects replicated in the independent sample, underscoring the robustness of the behavior results and the identified function pathway. Collectively, these findings highlight a putamen-ACC circuit through which self-control and achievement motivation jointly influence adaptive post-loss risk adjustment. The results provide novel evidence that SC and AM shape risk-taking behavior through through mechanisms associated with monitoring and processing of conflict signals.

Structural equation modeling was used to investigate the mediating effects of academic self-efficacy (ASE) and self-control (SC) on the relationship between achievement goal orientation (including mastery goal orientation (MGO), performance approach goal (PAPG), and performance avoidance goal (PAVG)) and online academic procrastination (OAP). College students from universities in Northeast China were recruited, and a three-phase survey was conducted, yielding 857 valid samples. The results indicate that OAP negatively correlated with MGO and PAPG, and positively correlated with PAVG. ASE mediates the relationship between MGO and PAPG on OAP, while SC mediates the relationship between MGO on OAP. The chain mediation effect shows that MGO and PAPG influence ASE, which in turn affects SC, ultimately impacting OAP. Implications and limitations are also discussed.

BackgroundThe Co-occurrence of Health Risk Behaviors (ACEs) among adolescents has become a significant public health issue that urgently needs to be addressed. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of Co-occurrence of Health Risk Behaviors among adolescents and to explore the mediating role of self-efficacy (SE) and self-control (SC) in the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and Co-occurrence of Health Risk Behaviors (CHRBs). MethodsA total of 7901 adolescents in China were surveyed using the following instruments: the Adolescent Health Risk Behaviors Survey Questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Mobile Phone Addiction Index (MPAI), the Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire (ACEQ), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), and the Self-Control Scale (SCS). Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 software.Results(1) Adverse childhood experiences significantly and positively predicted Co-occurrence of Health Risk Behaviors among adolescents (p < 0.05). (2) Adverse childhood experiences indirectly influenced Co-occurrence of Health Risk Behaviors through the partial mediating effects of self-efficacy and self-control (p < 0.05). (3) Adverse childhood experiences also indirectly influenced Co-occurrence of Health Risk Behaviors through the chained mediating effects of self-efficacy and self-control (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThis study further elucidates the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and Co-occurrence of Health Risk Behaviors among adolescents, as well as the chained mediating role of self-efficacy and self-control. These findings confirm the mechanism by which adverse childhood experiences influence Co-occurrence of Health Risk Behaviors. The results suggest that creating a favorable living environment for children and adolescents should become a societal consensus. Additionally, when intervening with adolescents who exhibit problematic behaviors, it is important to focus on enhancing their self-efficacy and self-control to mitigate the long-term impact of adverse childhood experiences.

To investigate the effect of cumulative ecological risk (CER) on college students’ physical activity patterns (PAP) and to analyze the mediating effect of exercise atmosphere (EA) and self-control (SC), with the aim of promoting the convergence of university physical education with community sports and helping college students to form a healthy physical lifestyle. A total of 966 college students were selected from schools in Beijing, China, and a cross-sectional survey of cumulative ecological risk, physical activity patterns, exercise atmosphere, and self-control was conducted using four scales. Differences, correlations and mediated models were analyzed using ANOVA, Pearson and structural equation modelling (SEM). CER negatively predicted PAP (β=-0.293, P < 0.01), SC (β=-0.523, P < 0.01), and EA (β=-0.352, P < 0.01). EA positively predicted SC (β = 0.358, P < 0.01) and PAP (β = 0.084, P < 0.01), while SC positively predicted PAP (β = 0.256, P < 0.01). Mediation analysis using the Bootstrap method indicated that CER affected PAP both directly and indirectly through three significant paths: Direct effect: CER→PAP (effect size = 0.636). Indirect effects: CER→EA→PAP, CER→SC→PAP, and CER→EA→SC→PAP (combined effect size = 0.364). This also indicates that CER can directly reduce PAP among college students, while effectively enhancing EA and SC, thereby mitigating the negative effects of CER. (1) CER directly affects college students’ sport lifestyles, and family and school risks account for the largest proportion of the total, so resolving an individual’s relationship with family and school is an important way to improve sport participation. (2) Both EA and SC positively predict PAP and mitigate the negative effects of CER on it, so increasing the levels of both is also an effective way to improve individuals’ sport experiences.

Psychological traits such as grit and self-control are increasingly recognized for their potential role in influencing recovery across various medical disciplines. However, their relationship with outcomes following spine surgery remains largely unexplored. To evaluate whether grit and self-control are associated with postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing common cervical or lumbar spine surgery for degenerative conditions. Prospective observational study conducted at a single academic spine center. A total of 150 patients were included: 47 patients underwent anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) or cervical disc replacement (CDR), and 103 patients underwent lumbar laminectomy or microdiscectomy (MCD). Patient-reported outcomes included the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Neck Disability Index (NDI), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for back, leg, neck, and arm pain. Grit and self-control were assessed using the Short Grit Scale (GRIT-S) and a 10-item Self-Control (SC) questionnaire. Patients completed GRIT-S and SC assessments preoperatively. Clinical outcomes (ODI, NDI, and VAS) were collected at baseline and at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively. Spearman correlation was used to examine associations between grit, self-control, and surgical outcomes, analyzed separately for cervical and lumbar cohorts. In lumbar surgery patients, no significant correlations were observed between GRIT-S or SC scores and ODI or VAS scores at any timepoint. In cervical surgery patients, GRIT-S scores were associated with VAS neck scores at 6 weeks (r = 0.31, p = 0.03) and 3 months (r = 0.52, p < 0.001), and with VAS arm scores at 1 year (r = 0.41, p = 0.004). SC scores correlated negatively with NDI at 6 months (r = -0.32, p= 0.04). No consistent associations were found across all timepoints. Although grit and self-control were not associated with recovery after lumbar surgery, select associations in cervical patients suggest these traits may influence perceived pain and disability at certain postoperative intervals. However, the overall lack of consistent correlation indicates a limited predictive role, and further research is warranted to clarify their influence on spine surgery outcomes.

Self-control (SC) is a robust predictor of subjective well-being (SWB), and a positive linear relationship between them is often taken as the default assumption. However, some perspectives suggest that excessive SC may diminish SWB, implying an inverted U-shaped relationship. This study examined this inverted U-shaped hypothesis among Chinese adolescents, who are raised in a culture emphasizing moderation. We analyzed five samples (total N = 25,936), including four cross-sectional samples, two of which were nationally representative, and a three-wave longitudinal sample collected over two years. Participants ranged from middle school to university students, with SC assessed via self- and parent-report, and SWB through multiple indicators including positive and negative affect, life satisfaction, and one-item happiness assessment. Quadratic regression analyses and Simonsohn's two-lines test found no inverted U-shaped relationship between SC and SWB in five samples. Instead, SC consistently correlated positively with SWB across samples, regardless of measurement methods or whether data were cross-sectional or longitudinal. These findings reinforce the notion that higher SC contributes to greater SWB, with no indication of an inverted U-shape in Chinese culture. Encouraging the development of SC in adolescents might be a beneficial approach to enhancing long-term well-being, without concerns about unintended negative consequences.

Providing athletes with control during training can enhance motor skill acquisition, a strategy that may reduce anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk by improving movement quality. A possible strategy to improve sidestep cutting (SSC) technique is by offering the athlete autonomy via self-controlled timing of feedback. This study explored the effect of autonomy on lower extremity biomechanics. Thirty male ball sports players were alternately assigned to the self-control (SC) or yoked (YK) group. Participants completed the pre-test, training, and immediate post-test the first day. One week later, a retention test was conducted. During training, the SC group could determine when to receive feedback, whereas the YK group could not. Feedback consisted of SSC score, video feedback and an external focus verbal cue. Testing and training conditions consisted of anticipated and unanticipated 45° SSC tasks. Lower extremity kinematics and kinetics were captured using 3D infrared motion capture and force plates. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) on data from 22 participants (alpha = 0.025). The two-way repeated-measures ANOVA revealed that training itself, for the whole sample of both groups combined, improved SSC technique. Subsequent exploratory secondary analysis (SPM one-way ANOVA within each group) revealed that the SC group had an increased hip flexion angle and a reduced knee flexion moment and hip abduction angle at the retention test, compared to baseline on the anticipated SSC. These biomechanical changes are advantageous for reducing ACL injury risk. Suggesting that autonomy, through self-controlled timing of feedback, improves the uptake of feedback.

The General Stress Theory (GST) posits that stress results in many inappropriate actions. This research examined the correlation between Perceived Stress (PS) and dependence on Smartphones (SP). The study posited that this correlation is mediated by Diminished Self-Control (SC) and the first pathway of the mediating factor, which is influenced by safety. A survey was conducted using cluster sampling techniques on 400 undergraduates at an educational institution in Uzbekistan. The pupils were administered the Smartphone Addicted Scale-Short Variant (SAS-SV), the Depressive Anxiety Stress Score (DASS), the SC Scale (SCS), and the Safety Questionnaire (SQ) throughout scheduled class periods. The statistical program facilitated qualitative statistics and Pearson correlation evaluations. At the same time, the research was employed to examine the mediating impact of SC and the regulating influence of safety. The mediation study indicated that, as anticipated, PS correlated with less SC, which correlated with an increased risk of dependence on SP. As expected, moderated mediation analysis revealed that the relationship between PS and SC was influenced by security. The correlation between felt anxiety and SC was more pronounced in conditions of poor security. This research offers valuable insights into the relationship between PS and the heightened risk of dependence on SP. The findings align with the GST and suggest that tangible strategies are necessary for the avoidance and treatment of addiction to SP among undergraduates.

In any organization, digital mindfulness plays a significant role in boosting and sustaining self-control of employees, which ensures they behave as a digital employee in a digital firm. Although the direct effect of mindfulness awareness on self-control is well documented, Digital aspects of previous theoretical explanations and empirical findings are inconsistent in literature. As a response, the study was an attempt to investigate the impact of digital mindfulness (DM) on self-control (SC) of IT operational employees in a telecommunication firm, Sri Lanka. The study was quantitative, and a cross-sectional survey design was followed. Using convenience sampling technique, the sample was collected through a structured questionnaire, which consisted of 235 responders from a selected organization in logistic operation. The data was collected through an online survey and analyzed with the aid of SPSS.The study found that there is a 64.2% positive significant impact of digital mindfulness on self-control (Sig =0.000&lt;0.05) with an 80.1% positive relationship among itself. Moreover, the present study concluded that by practicing mindful exercises, there is a direct and clear possibility to ensure digital well-being through self-control. Hence, Future research studies need to identify the impact between digital mindfulness and well-being with the mediating effect of self-control that would add more insight to the present study as well.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between muscarinic receptor M2 and potassium channel Kir3.4 encoded by gene KCNJ5, as well as their role in guinea pigs with form deprivation myopia (FDM). One hundred sixty-five 3-week-old guinea pigs were randomly assigned to the following groups: normal control (NC), self-control (SC), form deprivation (FD), lentiviral vector (FD + Vector), KCNJ5 overexpression lentivirus (FD + KCNJ5-OE), vehicle control (FD + DMSO), M2 receptor antagonist (FD + AF-DX 116), and M2 receptor agonist (FD + LY2119620). The association between M2 receptors and retinal potassium channels and effects of retinal K+ concentration on myopia development were investigated by constructing a lentiviral KCNJ5 overexpression and M2 receptor intervention model. Immunohistochemistry and molecular assays were conducted to measure the distribution and expression of Kir3.4-related mRNA and protein in the retina. TUNEL was used to observe the drug toxicity response on the retina. The FD group had higher myopic degree (all P < 0.001) and lower expression levels of Kir3.4 than the NC group (P = 0.008). The FD + KCNJ5-OE group exhibited upregulated Kir3.4 protein expression (P < 0.001), but a significant decrease in myopia degree and K+ concentration (all P < 0.001) compared with the FD + Vector group. The FD + AF-DX 116 group exhibited lower myopic degree, K+ concentration (all P < 0.05), and higher Kir3.4 protein expression (P < 0.001), as well as the FD + LY2119620 group exhibited significantly upregulated myopia degree and K+ concentration (all P < 0.001) compared with the FD + DMSO group. This study is the first to explore the muscarinic receptor-potassium channel connection and its implications in the development of myopia. The M2 receptor may be involved in the development of myopia by regulating retinal Kir3.4 channel and K+ homeostasis.

Objective: Internet addiction (IA) poses significant challenges for university students. Although loneliness, physical activity (PA), self-control (SC), and academic burnout (AB) have been implicated in IA, their distinct contributions and mechanisms require further investigation.This study aimed to investigate whether loneliness positively predicts IA, while PA and SC serve as protective factors. It further examined the mediating roles of SC and AB in the relationships between loneliness, PA, and IA among university students in Iran.Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 490 university students who were recruited using convenience sampling, as this approach was the most practical and feasible given the ease of online survey distribution and limitations in time and resources. All participants were students from universities located in Tehran, Iran. Validated Persian versions of standardized instruments were used to assess A, loneliness, PA, SC, and AB. Structural equation modeling (SEM) using AMOS was employed to evaluate both direct and indirect associations among the study variables.Results: Structural equation modeling revealed that loneliness had a moderate positive effect on IA (β = 0.217, P = 0.001), while both PA and SC showed small but significant negative effects (PA: β = − 0.207, P < 0.001; SC: β = − 0.178, P = 0.037). In contrast, AB did not significantly predict IA (β = 0.055, P = 0.425). Mediation analysis indicated that SC partially mediated the relationship between loneliness and IA (indirect effect: b = 0.054, P < 0.05), while AB showed no significant mediating role in the model.Conclusion: These findings support cognitive-behavioral models of IA and suggest that improving self-regulation and promoting social connectedness may help mitigate IA risk. Future studies should employ longitudinal designs to examine causal pathways and explore the moderating role of specific coping styles (e.g., emotion-focused vs. problem-focused).

ABSTRACT This research aims to determine the influence of financial literacy, use of digital payments and self-control on the consumptive behavior of students at the Faculty of Economics Boyolali University. The research method used was quantitative by collecting data through questionnaires distributed to 112 respondents. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 26. The results of the hypothesis test or t test show that financial literacy, use of digital payments and self control have a significant influence on the consumptive behavior variable, namely 0.001 &lt; 0.05 for the variable X1, 0.000 &lt; 0 respectively. .05 for variable X2 and for variable X3 it is 0.000 &lt; 0.05. The simultaneous test shows that the three independent variables together have a significant influence on the dependent variable, namely consumer behavior. The coefficient of determination shows 0.768. If calculated using the determination formula, the result obtained is 0.768 x 100% = 76.8%. that the independent variable is able to explain around 76.8% of the variability in consumer behavior of students at the Faculty of Economics, Boyolali University. This study provides important insights for students at the Faculty of Economics, Boyolali University regarding financial literacy, digital payments, self-control and consumer behavior.

BackgroundThe prevalence of mobile phone addiction among adolescents is a growing concern with significant implications for psychological well-being and academic performance. The mediating role of academic anxiety (AA) in the relationship between self-control (SC) and mobile phone addiction (MPA) among middle school students deserves thorough investigation, particularly considering the significant moderating effect of Being an only child on these relationships.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of 2,489 middle school students (1,257 girls and 1,232 boys) assessed SC, AA, and MPA. SC was measured using the Self-Control Scale, AA with the Academic Anxiety Scale (AAS), and MPA with the Mobile Phone Addiction Index (MPAI). Structural equation modeling analyzed the mediating and moderating effects.ResultsSelf-control significantly negatively predicted AA (β = −0.464, p < 0.001) and MPA (β = −0.563, p < 0.001). AA was identified as a significant mediator that positively predicted MPA (β = 0.173, p < 0.001) and mediated the relationship between SC and MPA (β = 0.081, 95%CI = [−0.10, −0.06]). The moderating effect of being an only child on the relationship between AA and MPA (β = −0.13, p < 0.001) was significant.ConclusionThe empirical evidence substantiates the mediating role of AA in the relationship between SC and MPA, while simultaneously demonstrating that only children exhibit heightened susceptibility to MPA with increasing AA levels. Such observations significantly advance our understanding of the influence of family dynamics on MPA manifestation among adolescents.

IntroductionResearches have highlighted the individual roles of smartphone addiction (SA), self-control (S-C), and academic self-efficacy (AS-E) in predicting academic procrastination (AP), but studies on how these variables combine to affect AP are scarce. Drawing inspiration from the conceptual model of procrastination, this research endeavors to examine a serial mediation model in which SA serves as a precursor, with S-C and AS-E acting as serial mediators in predicting AP among college students who are prone to it.MethodsParticipants were 1269 Chinese undergraduates (989 females, Mage = 19.03±1.00) from seven major regions in China. Data were collected using an online questionnaire. Descriptive and mediation analyses were conducted in SPSS 25.0.ResultsThe findings revealed that SA is indirectly linked to AP through independent and sequential mediation by S-C and AS-E. People with high SA reported lower levels of S-C, which in turn was associated with lower AS-E, and these were associated with higher reports of AP.DiscussionThese findings offer significant contributions to the current body of research on AP, laying the groundwork for the development of interventions focused on reducing AP among college students.

Loneliness pada siswa adalah kondisi yang disinyalir akibat dari kepribadian yang introvert, keluarga yang broken home, terlalu berekspektasi tinggi terhadap lingkungan, sering mendapatkan penolakan di lingkungan sekitar, kurangnya peran dan kasih sayang dari orang tua sehingga diperlukan penanganan khusus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa efektif bimbingan kelompok teknik self control untuk mengurangi loneliness pada siswa. sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 8 orang siswa. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain quasi eksperimental Non Equivalent Control Group Design. Instrumen pengumpulan data adalah angket loneliness. Data diolah dan dianalisis secara deskriptif dan inferensial menggunakan rumus mann whitney test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan skor hasil tes awal siswa kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol memiliki selisih 7,5, dimana rata-rata skor pre-test kelompok eksperimen (41.8) dan kelompok kontrol (34.3). Setelah diberikan perlakuan kelompok eksperimen memiliki selisih 4.5, skor rata-rata post-test kelompok eksperimen (31.6) dan kelompok kontrol (27.1). Bimbingan kelompok teknik self control efektif untuk mengurangi loneliness pada siswa.

This research examines the link between physical activity (PA) and adolescent psychological sub-health (PSH), emphasizing the intermediary roles of self-control (SC) and mobile phone addiction (MPA). Utilizing the Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS), SC Scale (SCS), MPA Tendency Scale (MPATS), and the Multidimensional Subhealth Questionnaire of Adolescents (MSQA), data were gathered from 1,052 adolescents. The findings indicate that (1) PA is negatively associated with both PSH and MPA, yet positively correlates with SC. Additionally, SC is inversely linked to PSH and MPA, whereas MPA is directly associated with PSH. (2) The analysis shows that SC and MPA partially mediate the impact of PA on PSH. (3) Moreover, both factors act as sequential mediators in the relationship between PA and PSH. These results enhance our understanding of the pathways through which physical activity influences adolescent PSH and offer important theoretical and practical perspectives for employing PA to boost adolescent mental health.

The use of Paylater is currently increasing along with the increasing use of the internet as a means of transaction. Low financial literacy and lack of self-control can affect consumptive behavior. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the influence of the use of paylater, financial literacy and self-control on the consumptive behavior of university students in Banjarnegara Regency. This study uses a quantitative method. The population in this study is university students in Banjarnegara Regency who are registered in PPDikti in 2023 through 4 universities in Banjarnegara Regency, namely STIE Tamansiswa Banjarnegara, Banjarnegara Polytechnic, STAI Tanbihul Ghofilin Banjarnegara and STIMIK Tunas Bangsa Banjarnegara with a total of 1960 students, while the sample used was 100 respondents. This study uses a purposive sampling technique. The data used were primary data and data collection techniques using questionnaires. The variables used are independent variables consisting of the use of paylater, financial literacy and self-control, while the bound variables are consumptive behavior. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the results of the study, partial tests show that the use of paylater has no effect on consumptive behavior, financial literacy has no effect on consumptive behavior, and self-control has an effect on consumptive behavior. The value of the determination coefficient is 0.205. This shows that the ability of independent variables to explain the dependent variable is 20.5%, while the remaining 79.5% is influenced by other variables that are not studied in this study.