Different distributed generation (DG) types and neutral grounding methods affect single-phase ground fault current characteristics of distribution network. To analyse the single-phase ground fault current characteristics, this paper establishes a single-phase ground fault model with rotating and inverter-type DG accessed using symmetrical component method. By considering different grounding methods of distribution bus side and DG side, distribution characteristics and change laws of fault current as well as sequence currents on both sides of fault point when single-phase short circuits occur in different positions of system are discussed. To verify correctness of analysis, simulation experiments of models is carried out by Simulink. The results of this paper can provide reference for system relay protection configuration and neutral grounding method selection.