Seismic Activity Research Articles

Spatial and statistical analysis of seismic energy distribution in the Olekmo-Stanovoy seismotectonic zone (South Yakutia)

The seismic activity in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is monitored across a vast territory of 1.5 million km² and is characterized by two major seismic zones of varying rank: the Olekmo-Stanovoy seismotectonic zone in the south andthe Arctic-Asian seismic belt in the north. This article explores the Olekmo-Stanovoy seismotectonic zone, which forms the eastern flank of the Baikal-Stanovoy seismic belt. For statistical analysis, we used a geological and geophysical model of the Southern Yakutia territory. According to this model, the Olekmo-Stanovoy seismotectonic zone is segmented into five structural-tectonic blocks. For the study area, we compiled a regional catalog of earthquakes, supplemented by data from the International Seismological Bulletin (ISC). Based on the seismotectonic features and geodynamic position of the region, a spatial-statistical analysis of seismic energy released during earthquakes over a 58-year instrumental period of regional seismological observations was conducted. The main parameter for calculations was the parameter ΣE (total released seismic energy), which is most often used in the comprehensive quantitative assessment of seismic activity in a region. This study examines the major earthquakes that made the largest contribution to the calculations of the total energy released in each of the five blocks. Analysis of seismic-statistical data collected in the aisles of large structural-tectonic blocks of the first rank revealed the following correlation: in the Olekmo-Stanovoy seismotectonic zone in the direction from west to east, with distance from the Baikal rift zone, seismic activity decreases by 104 times. This thesis also suggests a slowdown in the intensity of seismotectonic and geodynamic processes in the same direction. The results of spatial-statistical analysis of the distribution of seismic energy in large regional blocks of the Olekmo-Stanovoy seismotectonic zone can be relevant for conducting small-scale research to assess the potential seismic activity of poorly studied areas and for medium-term earthquake forecasting as an independent indicator of impending seismic events.

Geomechanical Analysis of the Main Roof Deformation in Room-and-Pillar Ore Mining Systems in Relation to Real Induced Seismicity

Rockbursts represent one of the most serious and severe natural hazards emerging in underground copper mines within the Legnica–Glogow Copper District (LGCD) in Poland. The contributing factor determining the scale of this event is mining-induced seismicity of the rock strata. Extensive expertise of the copper mining practitioners clearly indicates that high-energy tremors are the consequence of tectonic disturbances or can be attributed to stress/strain behaviour within the burst-prone roof strata. Apparently, seismic activity is a triggering factor; hence, attempts are made by mine operators to mitigate and control that risk. Underlying the effective rockburst control strategy is a reliable seismicity forecast, taking into account the causes of the registered phenomena. The paper summarises the geomechanics analyses aimed to verify the actual seismic and rockburst hazard levels in one of the panels within the copper mine Rudna (LGCD). Two traverses were designated at the face range and comparative analyses were conducted to establish correlations between the locations of epicentres of registered tremors and anomaly zones obtained via analytical modelling of changes in stress/strain behaviours within the rock strata. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the likelihood of activating carbonate/anhydrite layers within the main roof over the excavation being mined, with an aim to verify the potential causes and conditions which might have triggered the registered high-energy events. Special attention is given to two seismic events giving rise to rockbursts in mine workings. Results seem to confirm the adequacy and effectiveness of solutions provided by mechanics of deformable bodies in the context of forecasting the scale and risk of dynamic phenomena and selecting the appropriate mitigation and control measures in copper mines employing the room-and-pillar mining system.

Deformation under a Young Volcanic Covered Area in Southern Garut, Indonesia: Insight from 3D Gravity Modelling

Destructive earthquakes are frequently related to inland active faults. In recent years, a significant number of shallow earthquakes with low magnitude have occurred in southern Garut, West Java, Indonesia. Two earthquakes, with magnitudes of M4.2 and M3.9 in 2016 and 2017, respectively, have caused significant damage and were interpreted as indications of an active fault. We used publicly available gravity data to infer the subsurface structure that may be related to recent seismic activity. We used spectral analysis and filtering techniques for the regional-residual anomaly separation and anomaly enhancement to show the basin structure in the study area. 3D gravity inversion modelling was performed to obtain the subsurface density distribution. The result indicates the sedimentary layers with a density of 2.4 to 2.5 gr/cm3 with an underlying basement with a density of 2.65 gr/cm3. An intra-basin basement high with an NE-SW trend divides the basin into two sub-basins. This local basement high can be associated with a magmatic intrusion body and a series of young volcanic bodies located at the northeastern end of the basin. Our results emphasize a possible strong interaction between the tectonic and magmatic activities in this region.

The Dawn of Earthquake Prediction Research in China: A Case Study of Seismic Activity in the Tianshan Mountains

The paper adopts the Unified Earthquake Catalog of China and according to the Chen Lijun's Seismo-geothermcs and its working method, and studies the planar and three-dimensional distribution images, sequential processes, abnormal states in the last two years, the background of historical seismic activity and the influence of seismic cone tectonic environment in the Tianshan Mountains. In this paper, with reference to the author's experience in the global case study of intracrustal strong seismic activity, it is believed that the seismic geothermal anomaly of the Nantianshan seismic sub-seismic cone tectonic can be confirmed without error, so it is speculated that the intracrustal strong seismic activity of M6. 5-7 may occur in Aksu area in the next 1-2 years in the tectonic influence area, which is worthy of high vigilance and close attention. This strong earthquake prediction opinion has been verified by the M7. 1 earthquake in Aksu, Xinjiang on January 23, 2024, which deserves affirmation.

Ensuring the stability of deep boilers of high-rise buildings

In today's conditions, the development of underground space can rightly be considered one of the most important and dynamic directions in civil and industrial construction at the worldlevel. In Ukraine, underground construction is important in connection with Russia's aggressive war. Underground and buried structures are most actively built in large cities and megacities. The main reasons for the need to use underground space in cities include the lack of free territories within historically formed buildings and requirements for urban infrastructure development. Today, the underground space is used not onlyfor the placement of engineering communicationsand transport facilities, but also for the construction of public complexes, multi-story underground garages and parking lots, shopping centers, as well asburied parts of residential and office buildings. Structural solutions for underground and buried structures, as well as their construction methods, depend on spatial planning solutions, purpose, depth of laying, engineering-geological, climatic and seismic construction conditions, surface loads, and the proximity of other buildings and buildings. Today, the maximum depth of pits designed inurban conditions usually do not exceed 25-30 m, and the number of underground floors is five to six. Given the growing demand for underground space, especially in densely populated areas, designers and engineers face a number of challengesthat require innovative approaches and modern technologies. This includes the use of the latest methods of geotechnical modeling, the use of highquality materials that ensure the durability and safety of structures, and the implementation of effective water drainage and waterproofing systems. Particular attention should be paid to safety issues during the construction and operation of underground structures, as they may be exposed to natural and man-made factors, such as groundwater, soil movement, and seismic activity. An important aspect is also the provision of comfortable conditions for people using underground facilities, which includes ventilation, lighting and evacuation routes. Scientific research and the experience of international projects demonstrate that the correct use of underground space can significantly increase the efficiency of the use of urban areas, contribute to the steady development of cities and improve the quality of life of their residents. Investments in underground construction are becoming more and more justified in view of the long-term benefits and theneed to adapt to the conditions of the modern urban environment. In general, underground construction is an important direction that has significant potential for development and improvement in the future, responding to the challenges of time and contributing to the development of modern infrastructure.

Performance of GNSS positioning in PPP mode using MADOCA precise products

The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is widely utilized for accurate positioning. One commonly applied method to obtain precise coordinate estimates is by implementing the relative positioning in network mode. However, this approach can be complex and challenging. Fortunately, The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) offers freely available satellite orbit and clock correction products called Multi-GNSS Advanced Demonstration Tool for Orbit and Clock Analysis (MADOCA), which can enhance positioning accuracy through the precise point positioning (PPP) method. This study focuses on evaluating PPP static mode positioning using MADOCA products and comparing the results with the highly precise relative positioning method. By analyzing a network of 20 GNSS stations in Indonesia, we found that the PPP method using MADOCA products provided favorable positioning estimates. The median discrepancies and the corresponding median absolute deviation (MAD) for easting, northing, and up components were estimated as 9 ± 18 mm, 10 ± 9 mm, and 3 ± 40 mm, respectively. These results indicate that PPP with MADOCA products can be a reliable alternative for establishing Indonesia's horizontal control networks, particularly for orders 0, 1, 2, and 3, and for a broad spectrum of geoscience monitoring activities. However, considerations such as epoch transformations and seismic activities should be taken into account for accurate positioning applications that comply with the definition of the national reference framework.

Will Japan Sink? ———The Explanation of the Seismo-Geothermics

Using the local earthquake catalog of Japan, based on the author’s original Seismo-Geothermics and it’s working methods, and from the study of the stereoscopic image of seismic cone structure, the independence of seismic cone tectonic activity and the inheritance of volcanic activity, this paper draws a conclusion that the Japanese home islands will not sink as long as earthquake still exists, volcano is still active and their lava cones are still there. In this paper, based on the independence of seismic cone tectonic activities, the general relationship between strong earthquakes, volcanoes and seismic cone tectonics in Japan and its adjacent areas is preliminarily clarified. Relying on the mature seismic data in Japan, Interested parties may be able to find out the prediction methods of intracrustal strong earthquakes and seismic cone type volcanism as soon as possible through the principle and working method of Seismo-Geothermics.

Geochemical Signature of Deep Fluids Triggering Earthquake Swarm in the Noto Peninsula, Central Japan

AbstractOn New Year's Day 2024, a magnitude 7.6 event struck the Noto Peninsula in central Japan. Prior to this event, an intense earthquake swarm had persisted beneath the northeastern peninsula for more than five years. Geophysical evidence provides insight into the upwelling of deep fluids from the uppermost mantle that triggers the seismic swarm activity. The noble gases and their isotopes have been used as geochemical indicators to determine the origin of the fluids associated with the swarms and their upwelling. Gas samples collected from boreholes around the seismic source region are characterized by anomalously high 3He/4He ratios (∼3.9 RAcor), indicating infiltration of mantle fluids from the subcrustal lithosphere. Using a steady‐state advection model, we calculated mantle helium fluxes of 1.1–2.4 × 10−15 mol cm−2 a−1, similar to those estimated for other representative fault zones, such as the San Andreas and North Anatolian faults.

Fluids-Triggered Swarm Sequence Supported by a Nonstationary Epidemic-Like Description of Seismicity

Abstract The variation in Coulomb failure stress (CFS) plays a crucial role in either increasing or decreasing seismic activity. In cases in which the standard epidemic-type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model does not adequately fit seismicity data, the potential deviations from empirical laws are explored. These deviations may arise from stress changes imparted by aseismic transients that lead swarm-like earthquake sequences to occur. The time-dependent background rate of seismicity serves as an indicator for detecting changes in CFS or the presence of transient aseismic forcing. We investigate seismic anomalies in the slow deforming Mt. Pollino, Italy seismogenic area, where a 4-yr-long swarm-like sequence partially filled a previously hypothesized seismic gap. The primary process of this seismic swarm is still under debate. Employing a nonstationary ETAS model on a new template-matching high-resolution catalog, we suggest a slow-slip event and fluid interplay as the main aseismic forces in triggering and developing this swarm-like sequence.

An earthquake spectra parameters near the new capital administrative city, Egypt

Seven Strong Motion stations recorded an earthquake of Mw 3.8 on December, 31 2018 on the Cairo- Suez southern road. The furthest NUB station is about 302 km from the epicenter, whereas the closest KOT station is 10 km away. This event is considered the first recorded acceleration event near the new capital administrative city. The KOT station has the highest recorded acceleration, measuring 16.38 Gal. The peak ground velocity (PGV), peak ground displacement (PGD), and Pseudo acceleration values for the same station are calculated to be 0.00109 m/s, 0.114 cm, and 0.0731 g, respectively. An intensity map was created for this event as a questionnaire gathered information from Facebook and EMSC. In the vicinity of Qattamiya Observatory, the maximum observed intensity is (IV). According to the geological information and average shear wave velocity calculated from previous studies, We classified the station sites into soil types B, C, and D. We correlated them with the HVSR analysis obtained from S-wave earthquake data. The maximum amplification factor (A0) was found for a BANH station equal to 5.8 and equivalent to the Fundamental frequency (F0) of 3 Hz. The minimum amplification factor was found to be for stations of ISM & NUB with A0 equal to 2.8 and 1.6, respectively, while Fundamental frequency (F0) was 0.7 and 2 Hz, respectively. At the KOT station, the response design spectrum indicates a maximum value of 70 Gal. The new Egyptian capital administrative city is strongly advised to set up an early warning system and structural earth monitoring to manage the risk assessment of any potential seismic activities in the future.

Study on properties of reinforced concrete structures in seismic regions

This paper aims to explore the effects of earthquakes on the properties of medium-height reinforced concrete houses in China. The results demonstrated a significant decrease in ultrasonic resonance frequency, indicating structural damage, with reductions of 26.5 %, 30.2 %, and 37 % observed for earthquakes of magnitudes 5.0, 5.3, and 5.7, respectively. Similarly, the dynamic modulus of elasticity exhibited a reduction of over 50 %. Measurements of carbonation depth revealed values of 34.65 mm, 38.97 mm, and 46.12 mm for earthquakes of magnitudes 5.0, 5.3, and 5.7, respectively. Accordingly, the percentage of mass loss amounted to 22.17 %, 36.87 %, and 49.78 %. Furthermore, experiments identified the least favourable outcomes during maximum seismic activity, with a recorded peak stress of 447.3 MPa at a deformation of 0.63 mm. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the impact of seismic events on reinforced concrete structures and the associated corrosion mechanisms.

FaultQuake: An open-source Python tool for estimating Seismic Activity Rates in faults

In regions experiencing ongoing aseismic deformation, fault’s Activity Rate (AR) calculations often lead to an overestimation of hazard potential. This study proposes a novel methodology that integrates the Seismic Coupling Coefficient (SCC) into the fault Seismic Activity Rate (SAR) calculation process to discriminate seismic moment rates. We introduce FaultQuake, an open-source Python tool equipped with a Graphical User Interface (GUI), designed to implement this methodology and accurately estimate SAR for faults. These activity rates can be included in Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment (PSHA) frameworks and assist in differentiating the seismic and aseismic deformation. FaultQuake also presents an innovative embedded workflow, the Optimal Value Computation Workflow (OVCW), based on Conflation of Probabilities (CoP), for calculating the Maximum Magnitude (Mmax) from the empirical relationships and the observed magnitudes (Mobs) assigned to a single fault. This enhancement improves the estimation of seismic moment rates and the SAR calculation process. FaultQuake outputs are provided in the format of OpenQuake engine input files to facilitate the PSHA process. We present a sample case study focusing on the PSHA of a region in southern Iran characterized by a substantial aseismic deformation to illustrate the practical application of FaultQuake in seismic hazard analysis. Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) maps for 10% and 2% Probabilities of Exceedance (PoE) are plotted to compare PGAs with and without applying the FaultQuake algorithm. The results provide an enhanced view of the area’s hazard with mitigation of the overestimation, resulting in more representative hazard maps. The source codes of FaultQuake are available at the FaultQuake GitHub repository, contributing to the computer and geoscience community.

Recent faulting at the Claritas Rupes scarp on Mars

Endogenic processes have greatly affected the Martian surface, especially concentrating at several volcano-tectonic centers. The formation of Tharsis, a vast volcanic bulge, significantly influenced the western hemisphere of Mars. The associated loading stresses caused the formation of various sets of tectonic structures that might have remained active until today. However, surface evidence for very recent endogenic processes in Tharsis is sparse. Here, using the Context Camera (CTX) and High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) images, we report the presence of fresh-appearing systems of local-scale scarps mostly developed at the southern edge of Tharsis, specifically at Claritas Rupes scarp. These scarps are spatially associated with depression centers situated at the base of Claritas Rupes, inside the Thaumasia Graben which is partially filled by volcanic deposits. The relationships between the studied scarps and present-day surficial processes and its deposits such as rockfalls indicate a young age of the scarps' development, namely, in the range of <1 Ma. The pristine topography (sharp and thin ridges), spatial distribution (association with depression centers), and regional geological context of Claritas Fossae lead us to interpret these scarps as surficial expressions of tectonic activity attributed to normal faulting. This could be related to Deep-seated Gravitational Slope Deformations (DGSDs) released by seismic activity related to ongoing subsidence of depression centers and/or reactivation of the listric normal Claritas Rupes fault. These observations imply that this region experienced long-lasting and multiple volcano-tectonic events and the formation of the youngest deformations could represent neotectonic activity, which has been active until recently, and possibly might be still ongoing.

2D equivalent linear ground response analysis for randomized site profiles

AbstractLocal soil conditions play a crucial role in shaping ground surface responses and impacting the intensity of ground shaking. In this study, the influence of different site profiles on computed ground motion was investigated using a 2D equivalent linear analysis approach. Four distinct site profiles: sand, clay, sand-clay-sand-clay, and clay-sand-clay-sand profiles were considered. The results were presented using multiple metrics, including surface acceleration, displacement, modulus decreasing ratio, and coherence analysis. Notably, the clay profile significantly influenced ground motion, while the sand profile exhibited relatively lower seismic activity. This suggests that softer sites significantly influence ground motion, leading to potentially high levels of shaking.

Reliability-Based Seismic Safety Assessment of the Metropolitan Cathedral of Brasília

Recent destructive earthquakes in Turkey (2023) with devastating effects have reawakened the discussion about seismic activity in Brazil and the vulnerability of the Brazilian buildings. Despite the lower magnitudes, national records should not be disregarded, as earthquakes with a magnitude below five may still cause loss of life and property damage. The assessment of existing RC buildings allows us to understand the performance of a structure during an earthquake and the adoption of mitigating measures. This paper preliminarily investigates the seismic vulnerability of the Metropolitan Cathedral in Brasilia, which was recognized as a World Heritage Site by ONU in 1987. The Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) procedure has been adopted for qualitative vulnerability assessment through the guidelines of the Japan Building Disaster Prevention Association at the procedure updated in accordance with the Brazilian reality. This research examined the structure under horizontal acceleration defined by national seismic code, and various scenarios are assumed as time aging, structural irregularities, and the level of importance of the structure. In this study, the Monte Carlo simulation is carried out to evaluate the level of safety. A performed analysis has shown that the examined building possesses the seismic capacity required against the expected earthquake motions. Even with reliability analysis, the structure achieves an acceptable level of safety. The results highlight the importance of a probabilistic approach to make reliable decisions on the conservation and rehabilitation of architectural heritage buildings.

Assessing the Expansion of Ground-Motion Sensing Capability in Smart Cities via Internet Fiber-Optic Infrastructure

Abstract Monitoring ground motion in smart cities can improve the public safety by providing critical insights on natural and anthropogenic hazards, for example, earthquakes, landslides, explosions, infrastructure failures, and so forth. Although seismic activity is typically measured using dedicated point sensors (e.g., geophones and accelerometers), techniques such as distributed acoustic sensing have demonstrated the utility of using fiber-optic cable to detect seismic activity over comparable distances. In this article, we present the results of a study that quantifies the expansion in an area monitored for low-amplitude ground-motion events by augmenting existing point sensors with the internet fiber-optic cable infrastructure. We begin by describing our methodology, which utilizes geospatial data on point sensors and internet optical fiber deployed in metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) in the United States. We extend these data to identify the area that can be monitored by (1) considering the observed seismic noise data in target locations, (2) applying the model from Wilson et al. (2021) to understand the potential coverage area gains using optical fiber sensing, and (3) optimizing the selection of fiber segments to maximize coverage and minimize deployment costs. We implement our methodology in ArcGIS to assess the additional area that can be monitored for low-amplitude ground-motion events (i.e., magnitude &amp;gt;0.5) by utilizing internet fiber-optic cables in the 100 most populous MSAs in the United States. We find that the addition of internet fiber-based sensors in MSAs would increase the area monitored on average by over an order of magnitude from 1% to 12%, if the subset of fiber cable segments that maximize coverage and minimize deployment costs is chosen even if only 20% of all fibers are used.

Recent Holocene activity and regional tectonic significance of the northern segment of the red river fault zone

The Red River Fault Zone is a large-scale right-lateral strike-slip fault zone with relatively strong activity during the Quaternary Period. This fault, located on the southeastern margin of the Qinghai‒Tibetan Plateau, plays a key role in the extrusion, rotation and escape of the continental blocks constituting the Qinghai‒Tibetan Plateau. Furthermore, this fault represents the southwestern boundary of the Sichuan–Yunnan Block, which has experienced strong deformation and frequent seismic activity. The northern segment of the Red River Fault Zone is the most active part of the whole fault. However, surface erosion and vegetation coverage have obscured the activity of the northern segment; therefore, the study of its activity has obviously been insufficient. There is still controversy over whether all the secondary faults on the northern segment are active Holocene faults. Studying the activity characteristics of the northern segment, which is densely populated, is particularly important for seismic risk prevention in this area. Based on remote sensing interpretations and field geological surveys, this paper describes the latest activity characteristics of the Cangshan Piedmont Fault, Fengyi–Dingxiling Fault and Midu Basin Margin Fault, including their spatial distributions and kinematic characteristics. According to the ages of the offset strata in profiles, the above three secondary faults were all active in the late Holocene. The latest active age of the Cangshan Piedmont Fault was later than 543-494 cal BP, and two palaeoseismic events that occurred in this section during the Holocene occurred at 2700 and 473 cal BP. The latest active age of the Fengyi–Dingxiling Fault was later than 2760–2700 cal BP; in this section, one Holocene palaeoseismic event occurred between 1777 cal BP and 2730 cal BP, another occurred between 2730 cal BP and 5664 cal BP, and the third occurred between 6449 cal BP and 8360 cal BP. The latest active age of the Midu Basin Margin Fault was later than 558-510 cal BP, and two Holocene palaeoseismic events occurred later than 2318-2114 cal BP and 558-510 cal BP. Based on the results of this paper and previous studies, we believe that the Fengyi–Dingxiling Fault on the northern segment of the Red River Fault Zone is at risk for future strong earthquakes. Additionally, abundant geological and geomorphologic evidence suggests that the northern segment is dominated by normal faults, reflecting the local strain response to secondary clockwise rotation of the Sichuan–Yunnan Block along the boundary fault. This finding is in line with the eastwards extrusion and escape of materials on the Qinghai‒Tibetan Plateau caused by the northwards and northeastwards pushing of the Indian Plate. To a certain extent, these observations reflect the tectonic deformation coordination between block rotation and boundary fault slip in the Sichuan–Yunnan Block in the context of continental block extrusion on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau.

Study of caspian Sea tsunami caused by a potential submarine landslide triggered due to seismic activity of the faulting system of the northern Iranian plateau

Study of caspian Sea tsunami caused by a potential submarine landslide triggered due to seismic activity of the faulting system of the northern Iranian plateau

Seismicity and state of stress in NE Arabia

Eastern Arabia exhibits low seismic activity although damaging earthquakes are historically known. Despite the proximity to convergent plate boundaries in the Arabia–Eurasia collision zone, the state of stress in northern Oman with its persistent topography of the Oman Mountains (OM) remains enigmatic. We have revised the earthquake catalogue of northern Oman and confirm the detection and location accuracy of the permanent network by comparison with a temporarily densified network across the OM. For the first time, we infer focal mechanisms (FM) for earthquakes in Oman from P-wave polarities. Seismic activity is high in the Northern OM but diminishes rapidly south of 24.5° N. In the Central and Eastern OM, low-magnitude earthquakes occur along topography bounding faults with mostly transtensional FM. Offshore, seismicity follows NE-trending lines in extension of the Semail Gap and the Masirah Fault Zones, up to the Makran trench. Except for an isolated patch of repeated small-magnitude earthquakes, the western Makran trench is seismically quiet. Inversion of FM confirms a NE–SW direction of maximum horizontal stress that aligns with Arabia–Eurasia convergence. In the Central and Eastern OM, maximum horizontal and vertical stresses are balanced. The topography of the OM appears, therefore, not to be generally sustained by compressional forces.

Independent component analysis and finite element modelling of the 2004–2005 ground deformation in Tenerife (Canary Islands)

Historic volcanic activity in Tenerife was concentrated within two of the island’s three dorsals and on the Teide-Pico Viejo complex located inside Las Cañadas caldera. Eruptions on the island are primarily characterised by basaltic and trachybasaltic fissural eruptions. However, the Teide-Pico Viejo complex also hosted explosive and effusive phonolitic eruptions. Our study focused on the analysis of the 2004–2005 unrest in Tenerife, which was characterised by an onset of a ground deformation pattern, heightened on-land seismic activity, changes in the chemical composition of fumaroles of the Teide composite volcano, an increase in diffusive emissions of carbon dioxide along the NW rift, and, significant gravity changes. We used the Envisat-ASAR satellite images from 2003 to 2010 to generate the Line-Of-Sight SBAS-DInSAR deformation time series to investigate the source responsible for ground deformation. We applied the Independent Component Analysis (ICA) to separate distinct ground deformation patterns. Specifically, we selected four components for the Independent Component Analysis decomposition: the first one mainly affects the stratovolcano’s summit region of Teide and shows a circular symmetry; the second and third components are possibly related to the topography and atmospheric artifacts, while the fourth contains only a noisy signal. We employed a non-linear optimisation approach in a Finite Element modelling environment to determine the source geometry responsible for the first identified ICA pattern of ground deformation within Las Cañadas. Our results revealed the existence of an ellipsoidal ground deformation source oriented along the E-W axis, located beneath the Teide and Montaña Blanca volcanoes at 1,600 m a.s.l. This source became active during the seismic crisis of 2004–2005, which was associated with the degassing of a magma batch that intruded into the northwest rift of Tenerife island. We propose that the ground deformation observed at Teide volcano during the 2004–2005 crisis was related to hydrothermal activity within the volcano.