Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire Research Articles

Validation of two physical activity and sedentary behaviour questionnaires in orthopaedic trauma patients

Validation of two physical activity and sedentary behaviour questionnaires in orthopaedic trauma patients

The effects of selected lifestyle components on the risk of developing dynapenia in women – a pilot study

Aging processes in a body inevitably lead to changes which may decrease the quality of life of the elderly. Dynapenia is a phenomenon which is still not well known and needs to be studied in the population. The aim of the research was to determine the effects of lifestyle on the risk of developing dynapenia in post-menopausal women. The study included 46 females aged 71.4 ±5.6 living in the town of Wysokie Mazowieckie. Basic body dimensions and body composition elements were assessed with the use of anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). A direct interview method with the use of the modified Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ) was applied. In order to assess the prevalence of dynapenia, handgrip strength was measured with the use of hydraulic dynamometer. Physical activity was assessed with the use of a pedometer. The respondents’ nutrition was examined in an interview concerning their diet from the 24 hours preceding the examination according to the methodology of Food and Nutrition Institute (FNI). The intake of energy and nutritional elements in a diet was calculated with using DIETA 5.0 computer software. Dynapenia was diagnosed in 21.7% of the examined women. The women with dynapenia had significantly bigger waist and hip circumferences and higher BMI (p<0.05) as well as significantly weaker hand muscles than healthy women (p<0.001). Females with dynapenia spent significantly more time in a sedentary position, i.e. talking on the phone, participating in religious rituals or watching TV (p<0.05) compared to women without dynapenia. No significant differences concerning the diet of women with and without dynapenia were revealed. Physical activity may significantly decrease the risk of dynapenia among women over 60 years of age. Furher research is needed to assess the risk of dynapenia and methods of its prevention.

Association of Sedentary Behaviour and Mental Health among Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Sedentary behaviour contributes to adverse physical health outcomes in youth. Although evidence for the relationship between sedentary behaviour and mental health outcomes is emerging, little is known regarding risk of psychological distress and low self-esteem. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of sedentary behaviour with psychological distress and self-esteem in a well-characterised young adult population after controlling for a wide range of potential confounders. We adopted a cross-sectional study design. A sample of 352 participants, 208(59.1%) females and 144(40.9%) males responded to a survey. Participants were recruited from University Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia. Sedentary behaviour of the participants was determined by Sedentary Behaviour Questionnaire. Kessler Psychological Distress Scale and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were used to measure psychological distress and global self-esteem respectively. Analysis of sedentary behaviour demonstrated that participants have high sedentary times. The highest sedentary behaviour engaged by the participants was doing paperwork or computer work, followed by sitting, listening to music and sitting and talk on a phone. Participants spent least time playing musical instruments. Multi regression analysis was performed to determine the level of significance. Sedentary behaviour showed a statistically significant association with psychological distress and self-esteem. Sedentary behaviour can lead to mental health problems in young adults. These findings have a number of important implications for policy and practice. They highlight the need to ensure that young people have appropriate and timely access to evidence based services and interventions across the continuum. Further high-quality longitudinal or interventional research is needed to confirm findings and determine the direction of these relationships.

Prevalence and risk factor analysis of iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anaemia among female adolescents in the Gaza Strip, Palestine.

The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of anaemia, iron deficiency (ID) and iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA) among female adolescents in the Gaza Strip, Palestine, as well as the risk factors involved in these conditions. The study was conducted using the quantitative descriptive method with a cross-sectional design. Data were collected using an FFQ and sociodemographic, sedentary behaviour and physical activity questionnaires. Anthropometric measurements and blood analyses were also conducted. The study population included all Palestinian female adolescents enrolled in secondary schools in the academic years 2015-2016. Five female secondary schools were selected randomly from five governorates of the Gaza Strip. Female adolescents (n 330) aged 15-19 years in the selected secondary schools were enrolled randomly. Prevalence of anaemia, ID and IDA among female adolescents in the Gaza Strip, Palestine, was 35·8, 40·3 and 26·0 %, respectively. A significant association (P<0·05) existed between ID, anaemia and IDA and dietary habits, including skipping breakfast and amount of junk food intake. Also, low consumption of fruits and vegetables was associated with IDA in the female adolescents. A statistically significant association was found between mother's education and ID but not with the other sociodemographic factors. The study shows that there is an alarming problem of anaemia and IDA in the Gaza Strip, Palestine. This may indicate that there are insufficient nutrition education programmes, particularly inside schools or by the mass media.

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Time Spent Sitting - The Booster Break Study

PURPOSE: To examine the racial and ethnic differences among various types of sedentary behavior (SB) in a sample of sedentary office workers. METHODS: Study participants were recruited from five worksites in a large metropolitan city in the United States (N = 149, 67% minority, 83% female) All participants sat for at least 5-hours during a typical workday. SB was measured using a 7-item modified version of the Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ) and the two-item sedentary behavior questions assessed in the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Racial differences were examined with descriptive statistics as regression models. Statistical significance was determined at p < 0.05 with a two-sided test. RESULTS: Sedentary behavior ranged from a median of 0 minutes/day for viewing movies or videos to 60 min/ day for watching television and riding in or driving a vehicle. Total median time spent sitting during the weekday was 480 min/day, whereas total time spent sitting during the weekend was 270 min/day. Our adjusted models indicated statistically significant racial and ethnic differences for sitting while talking on the phone (p < 0.001), watching television (p = 0.042), riding in or driving a vehicle (p = 0.027), total sitting time during the weekdays (p = 0.008), and weekend (p = 0.012). Median scores were higher among Blacks than Whites for both sitting and talking on the phone and while watching television (Blacks = 73 and 131, Whites = 26 and 86 min/day). Total time spent sitting on the weekend was higher among Blacks than both Hispanics and Whites (Blacks = 541, Whites = 346, Hispanics = 306 min/day). However, both Blacks and Whites had higher median minutes spent in total sedentary time during the weekday than Hispanics. CONCLUSION: According to these data, racial and ethnic differences exist between various types of SB. Healthcare professionals should consider these differences when designing culturally tailored interventions designed to curve sedentary behavior. Supported by NIH Grants K01CA158000, R03NR010291, and CA016672

Self-reported domain-specific and accelerometer-based physical activity and sedentary behaviour in relation to psychological distress among an urban Asian population

BackgroundThe interpretation of previous studies on the association of physical activity and sedentary behaviour with psychological health is limited by the use of mostly self-reported physical activity and sedentary behaviour, and a focus on Western populations. We aimed to explore the association of self-reported and devise-based measures of physical activity and sedentary behaviour domains on psychological distress in an urban multi-ethnic Asian population.MethodsFrom a population-based cross-sectional study of adults aged 18–79 years, data were used from an overall sample (n = 2653) with complete self-reported total physical activity/sedentary behaviour and domain-specific physical activity data, and a subsample (n = 703) with self-reported domain-specific sedentary behaviour and accelerometry data. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour data were collected using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), a domain-specific sedentary behaviour questionnaire and accelerometers. The Kessler Screening Scale (K6) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) were used to assess psychological distress. Logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals, adjusted for socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics.ResultsThe sample comprised 45.0% men (median age = 45.0 years). The prevalence of psychological distress based on the K6 and GHQ-12 was 8.4% and 21.7%, respectively. In the adjusted model, higher levels of self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were associated with significantly higher odds for K6 (OR = 1.47 [1.03–2.10]; p-trend = 0.03) but not GHQ-12 (OR = 0.97 [0.77–1.23]; p-trend = 0.79), when comparing the highest with the lowest tertile. Accelerometry-assessed MVPA was not significantly associated with K6 (p-trend = 0.50) nor GHQ-12 (p-trend = 0.74). The highest tertile of leisure-time physical activity, but not work- or transport-domain activity, was associated with less psychological distress using K6 (OR = 0.65 [0.43–0.97]; p-trend = 0.02) and GHQ-12 (OR = 0.72 [0.55–0.93]; p-trend = 0.01). Self-reported sedentary behaviour was not associated with K6 (p-trend = 0.90) and GHQ-12 (p-trend = 0.33). The highest tertile of accelerometry-assessed sedentary behaviour was associated with significantly higher odds for K6 (OR = 1.93 [1.00–3.75]; p-trend = 0.04), but not GHQ-12 (OR = 1.34 [0.86–2.08]; p-trend = 0.18).ConclusionsHigher levels of leisure-time physical activity and lower levels of accelerometer-based sedentary behaviour were associated with lower psychological distress. This study underscores the importance of assessing accelerometer-based and domain-specific activity in relation to mental health, instead of solely focusing on total volume of activity.

Domain-Specific Adult Sedentary Behaviour Questionnaire (ASBQ) and the GPAQ Single-Item Question: A Reliability and Validity Study in an Asian Population.

This study examined the validity and reliability of a domain-specific Adult Sedentary Behaviour Questionnaire (ASBQ) and the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) single-item sitting question using self- and interviewer-administered modes of administration against the triaxial ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometer. The ASBQ and the GPAQ were administered twice, seven days apart. Participants were asked to put on the waist-worn accelerometer for seven days. Convergent validity was assessed using Spearman’s rho, mean absolute error (MAE), and Bland-Altman analysis (n = 78). Reliability was assessed using the Spearman’s rho and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) (n = 84). Participants were adults aged 20–65 years and identifying as Chinese, Malay, or Indian. Only the self-administered GPAQ was significantly correlated with accelerometry-based measures (rho: 0.46), but not the interviewer-administered version (rho: 0.12). MAE for GPAQ was 207.5–218.3 min/day in relation to the accelerometer and for ASBQ was 154.7–174.6 min/day. Bland-Altman plots demonstrated large limits of agreement between questionnaire and accelerometry-based measures. While the self-administered GPAQ demonstrated a moderate correlation with accelerometry, the mean bias and the limits of agreement were large. The GPAQ (rho: 0.68–0.79; ICC: 0.68–0.78) and the ASBQ (rho: 0.53–0.64; ICC: 0.66–0.74) showed moderate-to-good reliability for total sedentary time using either self- or interviewer-administration. Future research should incorporate accelerometers to generate useful sedentary behaviour measures.

Reliability and Validity of Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire in Turkish Population: Evaluation of Psychometric Properties

Background: Inactivity and sedentary lifestyle are a well-known risk factors for health effects. Many questionnaires evaluate physical activity (PA) level; however, the evaluation of sedentary behavior needs more attention. Sedentary behavior questionnaire (SBQ) is a reliable, valid, and easy-to-administer tool. The current study aimed at cross-culturally adapting and assessing the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of SBQ. Methods: SBQ consists of 9 items related to sedentary lifestyle both on weekdays and weekends. SBQ was administrated to 235 participants with the attrition rate of 24%, followed by a repeated administration after 7 days to assess its reliability. Criterion-related validity was analyzed with the international physical activity questionnaire-short form (IPAQ-SF) within the construct validity of the SBQ. Test-retest reliability was assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), while the Spearman rho was used for criterion-related validity. Results: The ICC scores for each parameter ranged from 0.388 to 0.771. The obtained results showed moderate to good test-retest reliability. The validity results of SBQ somewhat violated the standards, which are generally accepted. Items of SBQ “watching TV (including videos on VCD/DVD)”, “sitting and talking on the phone or being busy on the phone”, and “doing paperwork or computer work (office work, e-mails, paying bills, etc.)” correlated significantly with body mass index (BMI) (r = -0.138 to 0.247, P < 0.05). Conclusions: The SBQ had good reliability and acceptable validity to assess sedentary behaviors in a Turkish population.

Measuring Sedentary Behavior During Pregnancy: Comparison Between Self-reported and Objective Measures.

Objectives To quantify and compare the sedentary time estimated by the Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ) and the sedentary time objectively measured by a multi-sensor monitor (SWA) in pregnant women. Methods One hundred eighty-six participants answered the SBQ and wore the SWA at least 7 valid days. The concordance, correlation, agreement and relative activity levels between both measures of sedentary time were examined. Differences of sedentary time between weekday and weekend and between groups stratified by sociodemographic and clinical characteristic were evaluated by one-way analysis of variance. Results Pregnant women were sedentary the 64% of their waking hours. Television viewing is the most prevalent sedentary behavior. The concordance, correlation, and agreement between SBQ and SWA were weak, yet a significant correlation in weekday and average day sedentary time (r = 0.23 and 0.20, P = 0.001 and 0.008, respectively) was observed. A significant linear trend was found for increasing sedentary time between both methods using a relative activity levels analysis. Conclusions for Practice Pregnant women experience high amount of sedentary time, for approximately half of the day. The SBQ shows a low validity and agreement, but strong ability to rank individuals compared with SWA in pregnant women.

Single versus multi-item self-assessment of sedentary behaviour: A comparison with objectively measured sedentary time in nurses

ObjectivesTo compare sedentary time (ST) measured by self-report using a single question from the short-form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (SF-IPAQ), 18-items from the Sedentary Behaviour Questionnaire (SBQ) and objectively using an accelerometer among a large sample of nurses. DesignCross-sectional. MethodsParticipants wore an ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer (≥4 days, ≥10h/day) and self-reported usual day sitting using the IPAQ and sitting in different modes using the SBQ. Measures were compared using correlations, a Friedman test with Wilcoxon signed-ranks tests for pairwise comparisons, linear regression and Bland–Altman plots. ResultsA total of 313 nurses (95% female; mean±SD: age=43±12 years) from 14 hospitals participated. Participants self-reported sitting for a median of 240min/day using the SF-IPAQ and 328min/day using the SBQ. Median ST measured by the ActiGraph was 434min/day. All measures were weakly correlated with each other (ρ=0.31–40, ps<0.001). Limits of agreement were wide between all measures. Significant proportional bias between the ActiGraph and the SF-IPAQ and SBQ existed, suggesting that with greater amounts of ST, there is greater disagreement between the self-report and objective measures. ConclusionsIn a sample of nurses, self-reported ST using the SF-IPAQ and SBQ was significantly lower than that measured by accelerometer. A single-item tool performed more poorly than a multi-item questionnaire. Future studies should consider including both objective and self-report measures of ST, and where possible use a tool that quantifies ST across multiple domains, define a ‘usual day’ and are meaningful for those with daily schedule variations such as among shift-worker populations.

Measurement of sedentary behaviour in population health surveys: a review and recommendations.

BackgroundThe purpose of this review was to determine the most valid and reliable questions for targeting key modes of sedentary behaviour (SB) in a broad range of national and international health surveillance surveys. This was done by reviewing the SB modules currently used in population health surveys, as well as examining SB questionnaires that have performed well in psychometric testing.MethodsHealth surveillance surveys were identified via scoping review and contact with experts in the field. Previous systematic reviews provided psychometric information on pediatric questionnaires. A comprehensive search of four bibliographic databases was used to identify studies reporting psychometric information for adult questionnaires. Only surveys/studies published/used in English or French were included.ResultsThe review identified a total of 16 pediatric and 18 adult national/international surveys assessing SB, few of which have undergone psychometric testing. Fourteen pediatric and 35 adult questionnaires with psychometric information were included. While reliability was generally good to excellent for questions targeting key modes of SB, validity was poor to moderate, and reported much less frequently. The most valid and reliable questions targeting specific modes of SB were combined to create a single questionnaire targeting key modes of SB.DiscussionOur results highlight the importance of including SB questions in survey modules that are adaptable, able to assess various modes of SB, and that exhibit adequate reliability and validity. Future research could investigate the psychometric properties of the module we have proposed in this paper, as well as other questionnaires currently used in national and international population health surveys.

Standing Up for Student Health: An Application of the Health Action Process Approach for Reducing Student Sedentary Behavior-Randomised Control Pilot Trial.

Sedentary behavior (SB) has been associated with chronic diseases. University students are a high-risk population for excessive SB. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine if a Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) based intervention, specifically action and coping planning, would increase student break frequency and decrease duration. Fifty-two university students (14 men, mean age 23.5) were randomised into an 8-week HAPA-treatment (sedentary behavior) or HAPA-control (nutrition) group. Participants completed an SB questionnaire that assessed break frequency and duration of student SB (Baseline, Weeks 1-6 Treatment, and Weeks 7-8 Follow-up), and received behavioral counselling on either dietary information or SB (Baseline and Week3). An intent-to-treat analysis revealed a significant group by time interaction effect for student break frequency (p = .05, ηρ2 = 0.27), and a non-significant effect for student break duration (p = .10, ηρ2 = 0.23). For occupational (student) break frequency and duration, the large accompanying effect sizes favored the treatment group. The current pilot study provides preliminary evidence for the potential of a HAPA-based intervention for increasing student break frequency in full-time university students.

Reliability and validity of the Youth Leisure-time Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (YLSBQ).

To develop a questionnaire able to assess time spent by youth in a wide range of leisure-time sedentary behaviors (SB) and evaluate its test-retest reliability and criterion validity. Cross-sectional observational. The reliability sample included 194 youth, aged 10-18 years, who completed the questionnaire twice, separated by one-week interval. The validity study comprised 1207 participants aged 8-18 years. Participants wore an accelerometer for 7 consecutive days. The questionnaire was designed to assess the amount of time spent in twelve different SB during weekdays and weekends, separately. In order to avoid usual phenomenon of time over reporting, values were adjusted to real available leisure-time (LT) for each participant. Reliability was assessed by using Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) and weighted (quadratic) kappa (k), and validity was assessed by using Pearson correlation and Bland-Altman plots. The reliability of questionnaire showed a moderate-to-substantial agreement for the most (91%) of items (k=0.43-0.74; ICC=0.41-0.79) with three items (4%) reaching an almost perfect agreement (ICC=0.82-0.83). Only 'sitting and talking' evidenced fair-to-moderate reliability (k=0.27-0.39; ICC=0.34-0.46). The relationship between average sedentary time assessed by the questionnaire and accelerometry was moderate (r=0.36; p<0.001). Systematic biases were not found between questionnaire and accelerometer sedentary time for average day (r=0.05; p=0.11) but Bland-Altman plots suggest moderate discrepancies between both methods of SB measurement (mean=19.86; limits of agreement=-280.04 to 319.76). The questionnaire showed moderate to good test-retest reliability and a moderate level of validity for assessing SB in youth, similar or slightly better to previously published in this population.

Impact of Latin Dance on Physical Activity, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Sedentary Behavior Among Latinos Attending an Adult Day Center.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether a Latin dance program with sedentary behavior information would have an impact on physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and sedentary behavior among older Latinos attending an adult day center (ADC). Method: Participants (N = 21, 75.4 ± 6.3 years old, Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] score = 22.4 ± 2.8) were randomized into a dance or wait-list control group. Participants wore an accelerometer and inclinometer and completed a sedentary behavior questionnaire, and a nonexercise equation was used to calculate CRF. Results: Findings indicate small to medium effect sizes in the desired direction during midpoint of the intervention for physical activity, sedentary behavior-related outcomes, CRF, and self-reported sedentary behavior in the dance group; however; dance participants did not maintain that trajectory for the remaining 2 months of the intervention. Discussion: Future studies may consider implementing behavioral strategies during midpoint of the intervention to encourage participants attending an ADC to maintain physical activity and sedentary behavior changes.

Sarcopenic obesity in elderly women: influence of I/D polymorphism of the angiotension converter enzyme

Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a term that refers to an increase of fat mass together with a decrease of muscle mass, which is suffered by a high percentage of elderly population. Physical activity seems to be a good strategy to prevent it getting worse. However, genetic factors related to the aging process and to elderly's physical fitness could have an influence on it. To determine if elderly women > 60 who practice physical activity regularly had differences in sarcopenic obesity according to the I/D polymorphism from the ACE (angiotensin converter enzyme) gen. Cross-sectional study of 300 elderly women who have practiced physical exercise at least twice a week for the past two years. Anthropometric data, physical activity and sedentary behaviour questionnaire, sarcopenic obesity (determining the percentage of fat mass and total muscle mass by electrical impedance and grouping the quintiles of these values into four groups) and physical fitness assessment, as well as ACE gen genotype measured by oral mucosa sample, were evaluated. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in sarcopenic obesity according to ACE I/D genotype (SO values: 2.18 ACE DD vs 2.48 ACE II + ACE ID). Women who were ACE DD presented lower risk of sarcopenic obesity than those in the ACE II and ACE ID groups.

Do sedentary behavior and physical activity spatially cluster? Analysis of a population-based sample of Boston adolescents.

Sedentary behavior and lack of physical activity are key modifiable behavioral risk factors for chronic health problems, such as obesity and diabetes. Little is known about how sedentary behavior and physical activity among adolescents spatially cluster. The objective was to detect spatial clustering of sedentary behavior and physical activity among Boston adolescents. Data were used from the 2008 Boston Youth Survey Geospatial Dataset, a sample of public high school students who responded to a sedentary behavior and physical activity questionnaire. Four binary variables were created: 1) TV watching (>2 hours/day), 2) video games (>2 hours/day), 3) total screen time (>2 hours/day); and 4) 20 minutes/day of physical activity (≥5 days/week). A spatial scan statistic was utilized to detect clustering of sedentary behavior and physical activity. One statistically significant cluster of TV watching emerged among Boston adolescents in the unadjusted model. Students inside the cluster were more than twice as likely to report > 2 hours/day of TV watching compared to respondents outside the cluster. No significant clusters of sedentary behavior and physical activity emerged. Findings suggest that TV watching is spatially clustered among Boston adolescents. Such findings may serve to inform public health policymakers by identifying specific locations in Boston that could provide opportunities for policy intervention. Future research should examine what is linked to the clusters, such as neighborhood environments and network effects.

Sedentary behaviour patterns in outpatients with severe mental illness: a cross-sectional study using objective and self-reported methods. The PsychiActive project

This study aimed to quantify and compare sedentary behaviour patterns in patients with severe mental illness as stratified by gender, age, body mass index, distress, illness duration and antipsychotic medication using both objective and self-reported methods. Sedentary behaviour patterns were measured in 90 outpatients (mean age±SD: 41.6±9.2 years, 20% women) with severe mental illness (primarily schizophrenia, n=63) using the SenseWear Armband and the Sedentary Behaviour Questionnaire. They spent 58% of waking time sedentary, primarily watching television. Differences between methods were not significant for the overall group or for stratified groups. Both methods showed significant correlation for weekday for the overall group. According to the stratified groups, youngers showed a significant correlation for weekday and average day sedentary time, and the high illness duration and low antipsychotic medication groups for weekday. Significant differences in sedentary behaviours between stratified groups were only detected with the SenseWear. Patients with severe mental illness had high levels of sedentary behaviours, with watching television being the most prevalently reported. We found a low validity in the self-reported estimates of sedentary time by this population, being higher on weekdays for the overall group and for the younger, high illness duration and low antipsychotic medication groups.

Workplace Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire

Self-report remains an important measurement method for physical activity and sedentary behaviors because it provides the contextual information needed in targeted behavioral interventions. PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the validity and responsiveness to change of a workplace sedentary behavior questionnaire (SBQ) in assessing total sedentary behavior (1) at work and (2) outside of work during workdays, and during (3) non-workdays. METHODS: Participants (N= 359) were recruited from 16 worksites in the greater Minneapolis and Phoenix regions. Participants wore an activPAL3c accelerometer for 7 days at two timepoints (baseline and 12-week follow-up). They also completed a sedentary behavior questionnaire on the 7th day of each assessment timepoint. Time spent in each behavior from both measures was standardized to a 16-hour day on non-work days and 8-hours to both work hours and non-work hours on work days. The agreement between the two measures was assessed through single-measure with absolute definition ICC using a two-way random effects model. Bias estimates (mean difference [] and root of mean square error [RMSE= were used to compare reported behaviors to the activPAL values. Responsiveness to change following the intervention was assessed using the responsiveness statistic (RS). RESULTS: There was poor agreement between the SBQ and activPAL (ICC from 0.06 - 0.29) across all time periods. On average, participants over-reported their time spent sitting (Mean [95% CI]= 39.9 [31.1, 48.7] min/day, RMSE= 112.5) and moving (12.9 [9.39, 16.5] min/day, RMSE= 44.3), but under-reported standing (-52.9 [-60.5, -45.2) min/day, RMSE= 105.5) at work. Moreover, sitting time during their non-work hours was over-reported (51.7 [34.5, 68.8] min/day, RMSE= 211.8). Sitting on non-work days was underestimated (-87.2 [-111.6, -62.7] min/day, RMSE= 298.8). SBQ was similarly responsive to change compared to the activPAL except for sedentary time during non-work days (0.13 and 0.49 for SBQ and AP, respectively). CONCLUSION: Despite the poor absolute agreement between the SBQ and activPAL, overall bias estimates and responsiveness during work days were acceptable. Further studies are needed to explore ways to improve accuracy in sedentary behavior reporting during non-working days.

Self-Reported Screen Time is Independently Associated with Cardiometabolic Disease Risk Factors in Young Adults

Research has shown that self-reported screen time is linked to cardiometabolic disease risk factors in children. Whether this association extends to young adults has not been investigated. PURPOSE: To determine the associations between self-reported screen time and individual cardiometabolic disease risk factors in young adults. METHODS: Sixty-six young adults volunteered for the study (mean±SD: age 20.6±1.4 y; BMI 24.3±3.6 kg/m2; body fat 22.7±8.8%; peak oxygen consumption [VO2peak] 45.7±7.7 ml/kg/min). Sedentary behavior and screen time (television viewing, video games and computer games) were self-reported using the Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was objectively measured by 7 d of accelerometer wear. Cardiometabolic disease risk factors were measured using standard procedures and included waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL). Body composition was estimated by BOD POD and VO2peak was measured by indirect calorimetry using an incremental treadmill test to exhaustion. Multiple regression was used to analyze the independent associations between screen time and individual cardiometabolic disease risk factors with sedentary behavior, MVPA, age, and sex used as covariates in the models. RESULTS: On average, screen time (14.8±11.6 h/week) accounted for 25% of total sedentary behavior (59.0±25.8 h/week). Screen time was positively associated with BMI (R2=0.19, β=0.35, p=0.02), waist circumference (R2=0.19, β=0.43, p<0.01), fat mass (R2=0.39, β=0.34, p=0.01), and TG (R2=0.24, β=0.43, p<0.01), and negatively associated with VO2peak (R2=0.66, β=-0.39, p<0.01). These associations were independent of total sedentary behavior, MVPA, age and sex. Screen time was not associated with blood pressure, glucose, HDL or LDL (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that screen time is related to individual cardiometabolic disease risk factors in young adults. Screen time accounted for 25% of sedentary time and may be an important area to target for chronic disease prevention programs in young adults. Funded by CTR-IN NIH NIGMS #1U54GM104944-01A1

Sedentary Behaviour in People with Total Knee Arthroplasty and Those Awaiting Surgery

High levels of sedentary behaviour are associated with functional decline, elevated blood pressure, weight gain, and increased risk for metabolic conditions in people with osteoarthritis independent of time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. While physical activity levels do not change substantially after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), the effects on sedentary behaviour have not been investigated. PURPOSE: To compare sedentary behaviour patterns in people with osteoarthritis awaiting TKA and individuals recovered from TKA. METHODS: Sedentary behaviour was measured with the 7-day Sedentary and Light Intensity Physical Activity Log (SLIPA), the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire (LASA - SB), and 7 day accelerometry (ActiGraph GT3X+, < 100 activity counts/min) in 32 participants awaiting TKA and in 38 individuals one year after TKA (69.9 ± 5.3 SD and 67.9 ± 7.3 yrs of age respectively). T-tests and Mann-Whitney Rank Sum tests were used to detect differences between groups. A one-way RM ANOVA was used to detect differences between measures of sedentary time. RESULTS: There were no differences between pre- and post-operative groups for GT3X+ wear time (13.9 ± 1.1 hours/day vs. 14.4 ± 1.1 respectively, p=0.09), total sedentary time (9.3 ± 1.4 hours/day vs. 9.2 ± 1.4, p=0.62), and number of sedentary bouts/day ≥ 30 min in duration (median 3.4 [1.9 IQR] vs. 3.1 [2.0], p=0.37). In addition, SLIPA and LASA-SB scores did not differ between groups (p=0.17 and p=0.14 respectively). Measures of sedentary time (combined groups) were all statistically different from one another: GT3X+ 9.2 ± 1.4 hours/day, SLIPA 6.7 ± 2.5 hours/day, LASA-SB 10.3 ± 3.7 hours/day (all comparisons p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported and objective measures of sedentary behaviour do not differ between people on the wait-list for TKA and one-year recovered from TKA. This suggests that after TKA there is still an increased risk for physical disability and cardiovascular health conditions related to high levels of sedentary behaviour. In addition to promoting increased physical activity after TKA, individuals would benefit from education regarding strategies to reduce sedentary behaviour.