Security Options Research Articles

A Study on Investment Avenues and Preferences in the Region of Dadra and Nagar Haveli

The study explores investment preferences and influencing factors among individuals residing in Dadra and Nagar Haveli, a Union Territory (UT) of India. The research aims to bridge the knowledge gap regarding investor behaviour in UTs, which often differ from larger states, by surveying 142 respondents. The study investigates: Investor demographics, Investment awareness and practice, Investment preferences, and Factors influencing investment decisions. The findings reveal a mix of risk preferences amongst the respondents wherein a significant portion favours traditional, secure options like bank deposits and insurance. Many are interested in mutual funds and the stock market, indicating a willingness to embrace some risk for potentially higher returns. Gold and Post Office schemes also find favour, reflecting a conservative streak. Safety emerges as the most influential factor, followed by return on investment and risk tolerance. The study also finds that younger investors (21-30) are more likely to invest in the stock market and mutual funds compared to older age groups. This research provides valuable insights for: Policymakers so as to design targeted financial products and infrastructure to enhance UTs’ economic growth, financial institutions so that they can tailor their investment offerings and improve investor education in the region, and residents to make informed investment decisions aligned with their financial goals and risk tolerance.

Modern approaches in combined surgical treatment of complex forms of genital prolapse

BACKGROUND: Despite the existence of a considerable number of techniques for surgical correction of genital prolapse, patients and doctors cannot be always sure regarding the efficacy of surgical treatment in achieving satisfactory results. As was the case many years ago, the issues of improving the efficacy, reliability and safety of surgical treatment of genital prolapse, as well as the intent to generate individual treatment approach, taking into account the type of prolapse and medical condition of women, remain pertinent. AIM: The objective of this study is to develop surgical techniques for patients with complex types of pelvic organ prolapse, including women with unfavourable general medical condition. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A comprehensive clinical examination and surgical treatment of 20 patients with II–IV stage pelvic organ prolapse according to the POP-Q classification, who exhibited similar nosological forms of prolapse but disparate comorbidity status, was conducted. Group 1 included 11 patients with complex pelvic organ prolapse who underwent combined laparoscopic pectopexy. Due to the presence of decubitus changes of the cervix and adverse general status, a two-staged strategy was chosen for nine patients of the Group 2, i.e. laparoscopic correction of apical prolapse — uterine suspension with the use of titanium tapes — at the first stage, and modified Manchester (Moscow) operation with the use of titanium tape, colpoperineorrhaphy with levator ani muscles plication — at the second stage. RESULTS: The results of the questionnaire indicated that all patients reported a notable improvement in their quality of life and social integration. In all patients, the symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse significantly improved, and no signs of disease recurrence were present. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that the proposed surgical techniques for treating pelvic organ prolapse are a viable, efficacious and secure option. They offer swift recuperation and reliable rehabilitation. These techniques have the potential to improve both the physical and social well-being of patients. The described surgical techniques help to restore the normal anatomical position and functions of the organs.

SecureCoder: A Framework for Mitigating Vulnerabilities in Automated Code Generation Using Large Language Models

In recent years, the proliferation of code generation models based on large language models such as GitHub Copilot and ChatGPT allows automated source code generation to meet the needs of developers and helps increase coding efficiency. However, a recent study revealed security concerns in generated code, leading the code to be vulnerable to attacks. My research introduces a framework aimed at mitigating the risk of code generation models generating vulnerable code specific to data leakage issues. The ranker is developed to use VUDENC, a deep learning model for vulnerability detection, along with CodeQL and Bandit, two Python code analyzers, to evaluate and rank generated code based on security metrics. By generating multiple code candidates and utilizing the ranker to select the most secure option, it ensures the generation of more secure code. The framework is evaluated on an aggregated SecurityEval and LLMSecEval dataset on relevant scenarios, which shows the framework has newfound advantages compared to the gpt3.5-turbo model. With its proven effectiveness, the framework could be expanding its applicability beyond data leakage issues, adapting to mitigate a comprehensive range of vulnerabilities.

Bisphenol A and Its Emergent Substitutes: State of the Art of the Impact of These Plasticizers on Oxidative Stress and Its Role in Vascular Dysfunction.

The "One Health approach" has evidenced the significant impact of xenobiotic exposure to health, and humans are a relevant target for their toxic effects. Bisphenol A (BPA) exerts a ubiquitous exposure source in all ecosystems. Given its endocrine-disrupting and harmful consequences on health, several countries have enforced new regulations to reduce exposure to BPA. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are complex conditions that lead to higher mortality worldwide, where family history, lifestyle, and environmental factors, like BPA exposure, have a remarkable contribution. This chemical compound is the most widely used in plastic and epoxy resin manufacturing and has been associated with effects on human health. Therefore, new-generation bisphenols (NGBs) are replacing BPA use, arguing that they do not harm health. Nonetheless, the knowledge about whether NGBs are secure options is scanty. Although BPA's effects on several organs and systems have been documented, the role of BPA and NGBs in CVDs has yet to be explored. This review's goals are focused on the processes of endothelial activation (EA)-endothelial dysfunction (ED), a cornerstone of CVDs development, bisphenols' (BPs) effects on these processes through oxidant and antioxidant system alteration. Despite the scarce evidence on pro-oxidant effects associated with NGBs, our review demonstrated a comparable harmful effect on BPA. The results from the present review suggest that the biological mechanisms to explain BPs cardiotoxic effects are the oxidant stress ↔ inflammatory response ↔ EA ↔ ED → atherosclerotic plate → coagulation promotion. Other effects contributing to CVD development include altered lipid metabolism, ionic channels, and the activation of different intracellular pathways, which contribute to ED perpetuation in a concerted manner.

EVALUATION OF CURRENT KNOWLEDGE LEVEL ON DATA SECURITY OF PEOPLE WORKING IN A MEDICAL ENVIRONMENT

INTRODUCTION: Throughout the ages, the medical domain can be viewed as restrictive regarding access to the data it generates. The knowledge ought to be confidential: only the doctor and the patient should have access to it. With more and more equipment connected to computers, phones, and other devices, medical information becomes exposed to external access. OBJECTIVES: Our study explores the current knowledge of data security of people working in a medical environment. METHODS: an online questionnaire about data security knowledge was transmitted to possible participants by electronic communication (e-mail, message). Feedback about correct answers was provided to participants. RESULTS: Following the results of our study we estimate that just around a quarter of participants have a good understanding of data security questions from our questionnaire. Most participants failed to mark the correct answers to critical questions. CONCLUSION: People working with medical data are using obsolete security solutions or intentionally ignoring more secure options. It will be necessary to improve the data security knowledge level and data security awareness of people working in the medical environment.

Enhancing User Experience in Private Bank Mobile Banking: Insights from Management Information System Analysis

This research explores the impact of Management Information Systems (MIS) on user experience in private bank mobile banking, focusing specifically on the effectiveness of m-BCA. Utilizing a descriptive quantitative approach, the study aims to understand how mobile banking features, including accessibility, user interface, security, and functionality, influence user satisfaction. Data were collected through direct experimentation with the m-BCA application, complemented by analysis from secondary data sources and a survey of 30 users. Results indicate that 93.3% of users find m-BCA effective for routine banking needs, attributing high ratings to its convenience and functionality. However, while 80% of respondents appreciate the current security measures, 20% cite the absence of advanced security features such as fingerprint and facial recognition as a drawback. The study also reveals mixed feedback on the user interface; while the straightforward design aids usability, 10% of users express a desire for a more visually appealing interface. Despite these areas for improvement, m-BCA’s comprehensive set of features is generally seen as effective, supporting users in performing essential transactions with ease and reliability. The findings suggest that enhancing interface aesthetics and integrating advanced security options could further boost user engagement and trust in mobile banking applications, underscoring MIS’s role in meeting evolving customer expectations in digital banking.

Design of a Safe Security System Based on Internet of Things Using Face and Fingerprint Detection

Traditional safe security systems usually use manual keys and a combination of numbers or passwords to open the safe. This system has several disadvantages such as being easy to break into, cumbersome, and the owner easily loses the key, even forgets the password needed to open the safe, which causes the safe to be unable to open. This research develops an Internet of Things (IoT)-based safe security system that uses two security options to open the safe, namely face detection and fingerprint authentication to increase security against unauthorized access with a prototype method. The system uses the ESP32-CAM to capture facial images and send them to the Telegram app for manual verification by the owner, while the fingerprint sensor ensures only registered users can open the safe. Arduino Uno serves as the main microcontroller to manage the integration between components such as ESP32-CAM, fingerprint sensor, relay, solenoid lock, LCD, and buzzer. The test results show that this system is effective in providing security to the safe through notifications, although it still relies on manual verification of faces via Telegram and requires a stable internet connection, and fingerprints that have been registered are successfully implemented. Further development is recommended to automate face recognition and improve the overall performance of the system.

A comprehensive investigation of an LTE-enabled smart door system using the Arduino UNO

Traditional residential security systems frequently lack remote access and real-time reaction capabilities, necessitating home automation security technology developments. With the rise of the Internet of Things (IoT), solutions such as the Smart Door are prepared to transcend these constraints by leveraging modern communication technology. The article aims to develop, implement, and evaluate an LTE-enabled Smart Door system built on the Arduino Uno platform. The goal is to improve home security by offering keyless entry, real-time surveillance, and remote operation, increasing user convenience and system reliability. We created a Smart Door system with an Arduino Uno microcontroller and LTE connectivity. The system's performance was measured using a variety of measures, including response time, reliability, and security against unwanted access. Testing included simulation environments and real-world scenarios to ensure the system's operational efficacy and security. The Smart Door system performed admirably, with a reaction time of less than two seconds in 95% of commands and strong resilience to brute force attacks. It effectively incorporated keyless entry, live video streaming, and real-time alarms, all controlled by a smartphone app, demonstrating the system's dependability and efficiency in live scenarios. The LTE-enabled Smart Door system considerably improves over traditional home security options. It provides enhanced security, simple operation, and more outstanding remote management capabilities by utilizing IoT technology. These enhancements fill essential holes in existing systems, providing a safer, dependable, and convenient answer for modern home security requirements.

Climate Change and Soil Fertility: A Review of Strategies for a Sustainable Food Security in India

The long-term food security of humanity on Earth will be significantly influenced by the effects of climate change soils and then the agricultural production. In addition to being vulnerable to climate change, agriculture also contributes significantly to it. The article explores how soil fertility processes and qualities are impacted by climate change on a worldwide scale and adaptation and mitigation options for a sustainable food security. Due to the intricate relationship between soils and the climate system through nutrient and hydrologic cycles, it is anticipated that changes in the global climate may have an effect on soil fertility through changes in the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the soil as a result of rising temperatures, altered precipitation patterns, increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases, and other factors.

Assessing vulnerabilities and resilience in the Indian Sundarbans: A case study of gosaba C.D block, West Bengal, India

The Sundarbans region, being a largest mangrove extending over 10,000 sq. Km, is one of the most critical ecosystems in the world. Due to its coastal location, the region has been severely affected by climatic events, including recent cyclones Amphan and Yaas. The present study examines the nature of vulnerabilities and subsequent adaptation and recovery processes of the affected villages in the Gosaba C.D block due to the impacts of back-to-back extreme cyclonic events. In this study, we first introduce the sample characteristics with the help of descriptive statistics, followed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to assess the vulnerabilities faced by the coastal communities due to super-cyclones. A binary logistic regression was computed to predict the schemes accessed by the coastal communities based on criteria and predicted variables. Results indicate that agricultural land is most affected by saline intrusion, inundation, and erosion; while homesteads are affected by cyclones, inundation and erosion. This study also reveals the strong disparities among villagers’ in accessing the schemes provided by different institutions. Therefore, the socio-economic conditions of the coastal communities have deteriorated and altered their occupations from farming to fishing and other economic activities, with many migrating in search of employment. In conclusion, the adaptation strategies and recovery processes toward resilience building of the communities have been measured through frequency distribution based on selected variables. There is a need for building resilience in order to live with uncertainties, as their changing occupations have already indicated. Moving to other locations with proper planning and policy formulation by the state government may help them face the multiple challenges along with providing multiple options for livelihood security.

The Impact of Metabolic Syndrome on Postoperative Outcomes in Abdominal Body Contouring: A Propensity Score-Matched Nationwide Analysis.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents cardiometabolic dysregulation, defined by hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. There remains a significant gap in our understanding of whether MetS impacts outcomes of abdominal body contouring procedures. We aimed to assess the influence of MetS on postoperative outcomes of abdominal body contouring by concurrent abdominoplasty and panniculectomy. The ACS-NSQIP database was utilized to identify patients who underwent concurrent abdominoplasty and panniculectomy procedures from 2012 to 2022. Through propensity score matching, distinct cohorts were established based on the presence of MetS, characterized by patients receiving medical interventions for diabetes mellitus and hypertension, with a body mass index exceeding 30kg/m2. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to evaluate differences between groups. A total of 14,642 patients underwent abdominal body contouring from 2012 to 2022. Following propensity score matching, 730 patients were included in the analysis, with 365 in each group (MetS vs. non-MetS). Bivariate analysis revealed a longer hospital length of stay (2.3 vs. 1.6days; p = 0.007) in the MetS cohort compared to the non-MetS cohort. Patients diagnosed with MetS had an average length of stay of 0.6days longer than non-MetS patients (95% CI [0.17, 1.01]; p = 0.007). No noteworthy disparities were observed in the rates of 30-day wound complications, mild systemic, and severe systemic complications, and readmission rates between the groups. Our findings suggest that abdominal body contouring remains a secure option for patients with MetS. Nonetheless, the longer hospital length stays observed in patients with MetS may translate to increased overall costs to the healthcare system. Continued research is warranted to comprehensively assess the economic implications of MetS in the context of abdominal body contouring. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Exploring the interconnection between international crude oil and silver rates volatilities: Novel evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic

Several research studies globally focus on the volatility of gold and oil prices, neglecting an examination of silver price volatility in relation to other market commodities. The current Covid-19 pandemic has led to various uncertainties and fluctuations in financial and stock exchange markets, yet existing literature primarily concentrates on individual product rates rather than combined rate changes. Our study aims to bridge this research gap by analyzing the relationship between oil rates, silver rates, oil rate transitions, and silver rate transitions on the security exchange in China from 1990 to 2022, using the ARDL approach and Nonlinear ARDL for a comprehensive assessment. The findings reveal a significant impact of silver and oil rates on China's security exchange in the future, with the negative effects of oil rate changes and a positive effect of silver rate transitions. In the short term, oil and silver rates play a crucial role in influencing China's security exchange, highlighting the importance of monitoring these trends for investors. It is recommended that investors respond prudently to market transitions, particularly by considering silver as a secure option during times of uncertainty, while policymakers should implement appropriate measures to manage the rapid fluctuations from oil to the security market.

Quantum-Inspired Cryptography Protocols for Enhancing Security in Cloud Computing Infrastructures

As we know, cloud computing plays a vital role in our lives. It also plays a pivotal role in modern business and information technology landscapes. But with this, there is a rise in concerns regarding the security and privacy of all data which is stored in the cloud. To tackle these concerns some effective and traditional cryptographic methods are present but they face potential vulnerabilities due to advent of quantum computing. It also threatens the basis of widely used encryption algorithms and models. This research focuses on the usage of quantum mechanics inspired cryptographic protocols, which will help to strengthen the security of cloud computing models and infrastructures. The research begins with a detailed overview of the current situation and state of security of cloud computing. There is identification of all challenges and vulnerabilities faced due to current, classical and traditional cryptographic techniques and algorithms. As we know that there is a very close arrival of quantum computing, we are surrounded by mighty and latent threats because of quantum computing algorithms that can easily overcome the widely accepted and used encryption standards and models. So, there is a dire need to develop and implement some alternative cryptographic strategies and measures. To overcome these challenges, this research proposes the creation and usage of quantum-inspired cryptographic protocols which are designed to resist attacks from both traditional and quantum vulnerabilities. These protocols are inspired from quantum mechanics, like superposition and entanglement. These protocols will help to design and create cryptographic systems and models that offer enhanced security. The research focuses on the theoretical foundations of these quantum mechanics inspired protocols and assesses their practical feasibility within cloud computing infrastructures and environment.This research contains information regarding the challenges associated with integration and deployment of quantum inspired cryptographic solutions in cloud computing. It evaluates the scalability, efficiency, performance and computational overhead of these quantum inspired protocols to ensure their practical feasibility and capability in existing cloud computing environment and infrastructures. This research also includes comparison performed with quantum cryptographic protocols and traditional cryptographic methods. The results aim to provide evidence that quantum cryptographic techniques are better, feasible and secure options to protect data over cloud. In Conclusion, the research aims to provide an insight that development and usage of advanced security measures can withstand and handle evolving threats, ensuring the continued security and protection of data in cloud computing environment by providing theoretical insights, analysis and evolution.

DETERMINANTS OF CONSUMER’ PREFERENCES FOR ROBOT SERVICE HOTEL: AN EXPERIMENT AMONG VIETNAMESE YOUNG TRAVELLERS

The study intends to determine prominent antecedents of Vietnamese young travelers’ intentions to book robot service hotels during and after the health pandemic. The study aims to leverage the context to uncover the guests’ preferences toward a secure option when a health crisis is salient. A quantitative research method was employed to collect qualified data. The extended TAM theory was employed to develop research hypotheses. SPSS and AMOS version 24 were used to analyze data and confirm the research hypotheses. The study found that guests’ booking intention toward robot service hotels during the health pandemic played a mediation role in linking the influence of social distancing concerns, subjective threat norms, perceived trust, and consumer cosmopolitanism on their intentions after the health pandemic. The study provides a valuable understanding of the determinants of Vietnamese young travelers’ preferences for robot-service hotels. Moreover, the study highlights the significance of situation in deciding guests’ intentions, and thus it is strongly recommended that practitioners take context into consideration when sharpening their strategies.

Comparative Study of Union Rate in Closed Humerus Shaft Fracture After Operative Fixation with Anteromedial Versus Anterolateral Surface Plating Using the Anterolateral Approach: A Randomized Controlled Study

Purpose: Plate osteosynthesis is considered the gold standard for treating humeral shaft fractures, and orthopedic surgeons widely use the anterolateral approach with anterolateral surface placement. However, surgeons may have difficulties with the non-smooth surface and proximity to the radial nerve during their use. To address this challenge, we propose introducing the anterolateral approach with anteromedial surface placement. This study aimed to compare the outcomes between anteromedial and anterolateral surface plating using the anterolateral approach. Methods: This study included 74 patients who sustained a mid-shaft humerus fracture (AO 12) and underwent open reduction internal fixation between December 2020 and December 2022. Twelve patients were excluded based on the exclusion criteria. Among the remaining patients, 30 were randomized and allocated to surgery with anteromedial surface plating, while 32 patients were treated with anterolateral surface plating through an anterolateral approach. Postoperative clinical and radiographic results were recorded and analyzed. Results: The union rate, blood loss, operative time, and complications were not significantly different between the two groups. All the patients healed radiographically except for two in the anterolateral surface plating group, who required reoperation. Although anteroposterior alignment was significantly better in the anteromedial surface plating group, it was not clinically significant. Conclusions: Anteromedial plating demonstrated a commendable union rate, offered assured alignment, and presented itself as a secure option for addressing fractures of the humerus shaft.

Can Entomophagy be a Good Option for Nutrition and Food Security?

As the population increases, so does the demand for food and resources. Insects are rich in proteins, unsaturated fats and low in carbohydrates. They contain all the essential minerals and vitamins like iron, zinc, calcium, potassium, sodium, copper, riboflavin, biotin, and vitamin B9. Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), estimated that the world need to increase its food production to feed a worldwide population of more than nine billion by the year 2050. Insects offer so much potential as an alternative food source to meet this need. More than two billion people including various ethnic communities around the world practice entomophagy and consume more than 2000 species of edible insects. Southeast Asian countries and African countries are one of the biggest consumers of edible insects. Due to its health and nutritional benefits, there is an increased demand and interest in European and American countries. Government policymakers, entrepreneurs, educationists, and chefs worldwide are exploring and promoting edible insects. Promoting novel insect-based food that is made of insects or insect ingredients such as insect flour, and insect protein powder could increase consumers and consumption. This review highlights insects as an alternative protein source for future food production. Insects like black soldier flies are used as insect feed for animals in poultry, pigs, and cows and are high in demand. Insects produce significantly less greenhouse gas emissions compared to other livestock. Edible insect farming and entomophagy present an important and sustainable opportunity for the future of food. This could also help generate employment for the rural women and youths as an alternate source of livelihood. Entomophagy has the potential to solve the world’s food hunger and at the same time save the environment.

Geology as Unconforming Infrastructure For the Hosting of Nuclear Waste

As the dramatic consequences of climate change finally begin to motivate governments around the world to explore how to move away from a dependence on fossil fuels, nuclear power is back on the agenda in the UK as a potential energy source. However, this new-found enthusiasm confronts a fundamental challenge—namely, that the radioactive wastes, accumulating since the very first nuclear power stations were built in the 1950s, have yet to be made safe for the long-term future. At the governmental level, there is a clear international commitment to the view that the most secure option for the management of radioactive waste matter is burial deep underground in an engineered geological disposal facility (GDF). Finland leads the international field, and the repository at Onkalo is expected to be fully operational by 2025. The Swedish government approved plans for the construction of an underground repository for spent nuclear fuel in 2022, with Canada, France, Japan, Switzerland, the UK, and the USA all actively engaged in siting and design initiatives. Strategies for generating public acceptance of geological disposal vary, as do the modes of engagement, the investments of time and money afforded, and the decision-making processes. These processes are conceptually and politically challenging. They require not only technical expertise and scientific understanding across an entire range of disciplines, but also the imaginative capacity to think across scales of time and space in what Ele Carpenter (2016: 14) has suggestively referred to as ‘reverse mining’.

Eye Based Secure Authentication System

Abstract: Personal identification numbers are commonly utilized for user verification and enhanced security. When users authenticate passwords through PINs, they must be obligatory to physically input the PIN, making them susceptible to password cracking techniques like shoulder surfing or thermal tracking. In contrast, utilizing hands-off gaze-based PIN entry methods eliminates any physical traces, providing a significantly more secure option for password entry. Gaze-based authentication involves determining the eye location across consecutive image frames and continuously tracking the precise eye center.

Decentralized Intestacy Distribution: Exploring Autonomous Systems Leveraging Blockchain Technology

Intestate succession is a considerable issue in different judicial systems across the globe, which frequently gives rise to intricate and time-consuming processes of inheritance among heirs. With the advent of blockchain technology, there emerge opportunities for the development of an autonomous system that eliminates the needle barriers in the intestacy distribution process. This paper aims to explore the possibilities of applying decentralized autonomous systems for the revolution of intestacy distribution bringing insights into the design parameters, legal implications, and implementation problems. Having performed a comprehensive literature review, we analyze historical solutions for intestate succession and show how blockchain technology has advanced in the legal context, and review relevant case studies and projects. Our research presents a framework for a decentralized system of intestacy distribution, outlining the role of smart contracts, ledger technology, and identity authentication procedures. We talk about the legal and ethical concerns, implementation processes, and evaluation methods for determining the system's functionality. In the final part of the article, decentralized automated inheritance systems are a whole new paradigm in the area of intestacy laws giving less complicated, transparent, and secure options. Yet, a successful application means overcoming technical, cultural, and legal obstacles with the purpose of creating innovative and standard ways of the future. Keywords—Decentralized Systems, Intestacy Distribution, Blockchain Technology, Autonomous Systems, Smart Contracts, Legal Framework, Implementation Challenges, Ethical Considerations

Image cryptosystem with image key using integral disproportion

The subject matter of this article is the process of securing visual data through encryption. The goal of this study is to develop a new approach for image encryption and decryption using an image as a key, where security and performance are comparable or superior to alternatives. The tasks to be solved are as follows: developing a symmetric image cryptosystem for both greyscale and colored images in any format that can use an arbitrary image as a security key; adapting the capabilities of integral disproportionality for image encryption. The encryption method applies an integral disproportion formula for each pair of pixels’ components for both the input image and the key image starting from the first one. The output is a ciphered object represented as an array of real numbers, with decryption being the inverse process. The result is a novel approach to image encryption, proposing a new cryptosystem in which an arbitrary image of varying size, format, or content serves as the encryption key. The proposed symmetric full-encryption cryptosystem is applicable to both greyscale and colored images in any format. The method employs a frequency-based approach that influences the values of pixels rather than their positions. In contrast to mainstream approaches in this area, the representation of a cipher is not an image but a binary array. The proposed algorithm is simple to implement. The proposed method appears to meet the required requirements in both security and performance. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the results obtained is as follows: This research introduces a new image encryption method, which is unique in its application of integral disproportionality to alter pixel values, differing from traditional encryption methods. This provides a practical yet secure option to the existing encryption techniques.