Use Of Security Research Articles

A hierarchical authorization image encryption algorithm based on two-dimensional time-varying delayed chaotic map

With the continuous development of information technology, the security of images in the process of transmission, storage and use has also become the focus of network security. However, most of the existing image encryption algorithms only focus on the security of images in the transmission and storage process, while ignoring their security in use. For some special organisations, images are very sensitive information and their security during usage is also very important. Similar to the advanced encryption information stored in the public security system, the depth of information that can be viewed by ordinary privileges and advanced privileges is different. But there is no such hierarchical authorisation algorithm in image security. In order to solve this problem, this study proposes a hierarchical authorisation encryption and decryption algorithm, which achieves hierarchical decryption while ensuring the security of encrypted images. In this method, the image is decomposed by bit plane, and the bit plane is grouped, and each group adopts different key. According to the level of legitimate users, the corresponding key is assigned to them, and the clarity of the decrypted image requested by different levels of users is different, that is, the information depth is different. This method extends the scope of application of the encryption algorithm and is more practical than the existing encryption algorithm.

In-Vitro Cytotoxic Evaluation of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle Using L929 Cell Lines

ABSTRACT Tooth movement in orthodontic therapy is connected to the frictional force that is created as the wire passes over the bracket. It is possible for teeth to move quickly when friction is at a minimum. Wires coated with nanoparticles have been found to reduce friction as a result of current developments in the orthodontics sector. Having an antimicrobial property is an added benefit. To reduce the friction generated by brackets, wires, and bands by lessening their cytotoxicity, this study examines the potential use of TiO2 nanoparticles in orthodontics. A monolayer of L929 was utilized in an indirect cytotoxicity test to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the coated orthodontic wire. The absence of reactive zones in our sample data demonstrates that TiO2 is not cytotoxic. Considering the results of our study, we conclude that TiO2 is secure for use as a coating for orthodontic devices.

Analysis of Supporting Factors for Payment Technology Utilization in MSMEs using Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Method

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the adoption of digital payment technology in micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) method. This research uses a quantitative approach with a sample of 85 MSMEs in Bandung City that have used QRIS mobile digital payment services. This research uses a quantitative approach with primary data obtained from MSME owners or managers in Bandung City who have used QRIS digital payment services. The results of the analysis show that factors such as perceived ease of use, perceived benefits, and security affect the intention to use QRIS payment technology. In addition, validity, reliability, normality, and multicollinearity tests are also carried out to ensure data reliability and validity. The results of hypothesis testing show that all independent variables, namely Perceive in Use, Perceive in Usefulness and Security in Use, have a significant effect on user behavior in using QRIS. This research contributes to analyzing the acceptance and use of digital payment technology in MSMEs.

Structural Equation Model of Performance Acceptance of the Online Central Information System Affecting Interest in Buddhist Tourism

The online central information system for tourism promotion is critical; therefore, this research and development effort aimed to develop the structural equation model of performance acceptance of the online central information system affecting interest in Buddhist tourism and to verify the results of the structural equation model of performance acceptance of the online central information system affecting interest in Buddhist tourism. The target group testing this online central information system was 424 volunteers who were tourists. The research instruments included a questionnaire, an observation, and an in-depth interview. The quantitative data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The analysis aimed to verify the model with empirical data and examine both direct and indirect effects through the LISREL program. The results of the study are as follows: 1) The development of a structural equation model of the performance acceptance of the online central information system affecting the interest in Buddhist tourism consists of two extraneous variables, namely the design of the online central information system (EN), whose indicators are developed based on the value proposition. There are four indicators, namely essential basic information, information that meets the requirements, information that clearly reflects the identities of the temple and meditation center, and the organization of the structure that is modern. The other variable is the efficacy of online central information system (EX), the indicators of which are developed using the technology acceptance model. There are five indicators, namely ease of use as the online system can be opened from many devices, convenience to use as the online system can be opened at any time, security in use, and provision of clear and useful information for Buddhist tourism. There are two endogenous variables, one is attitude change (TA) with four indicators, namely perceived importance of Buddhist tourism, classification of Buddhist tourism routes that reflect valuable resources of Buddhism, inspiration for Buddhist tourism, and gaining ideas for planning Buddhist tourism. The other endogenous variable is interest in Buddhist tourism (IN), which includes four indicators: interest in using the system to find Buddhist tourist attractions, interest in sharing the online system with friends and acquaintances, interest in temple tourism, and interest in meditation; 2) The structural equation model of performance acceptance of the online central information system affecting interest in Buddhist tourism is developed and fits with the empirical data (Chi-square = 102.78, df = 81, p = .051, GFI = .972, AGFI = .948, RMR = .032). The endogenous variable of interest in Buddhist tourism (IN) accounts for 95.90%, indicating that all variables, i.e., the design of the online central information system (EN), the efficacy of the online central information system (EX), and attitude change (TA), have an effect on interest in Buddhist tourism (IN), with the factor of attitude change acting as a mediator.

Development of a New Measure of Housing Security: The REDD-CAT Housing Security Measure.

Housing security is a key social determinant of behavior related to health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to develop a new patient-reported outcome measure that evaluates aspects of housing security for use in the Re-Engineered Discharge for Diabetes-Computer Adaptive Test (REDD-CAT) measurement system. Qualitative data, literature reviews, and cross-sectional survey study. A total of 225 people with T2DM provided responses to the items in this item pool. A new item pool that evaluates important aspects of housing security was developed using stakeholder data from focus groups of persons with T2DM. For the Housing Affordability scale, factor analysis (both exploratory and confirmatory) supported the retention of six items. Of these items, none exhibited sparse cells or problems with monotonicity; no items were deleted due to low item-adjusted total score correlations. For the six affordability items, a constrained graded response model indicated no items exhibited misfit; thus, all were retained. No items indicated differential item functioning (examined for age, sex, education, race, and socioeconomic status). Thus, the final Affordability item bank comprised six items. A Housing Safety index (three items) and a Home Features index (eight items) were also developed. Reliability (i.e., internal consistency and test-retest reliability) and validity (i.e., convergent, discriminant, and known-groups) of the new measures were also supported. The REDD-CAT Housing Security Measure provides a reliable and valid assessment of housing affordability, safety, and home features in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Future work is needed to establish the clinical utility of this measure in other clinical populations.

A lightweight MXene-Coated nonwoven fabric with excellent flame Retardancy, EMI Shielding, and Electrothermal/Photothermal conversion for wearable heater

Multifunctional wearable heater has attracted great interest in personal thermal management, but its potential safety hazards triggered by overheat remain. Herein, in order to minimize the risk of high-temperature induced ignition, a flame retardant Aramid nonwoven fabric was attempted to combine with the highly conductive MXene, where an intimate interface was constructed through their inherent abundant functional groups and the assisted plasma treatment. Interestingly, a very lightweight wearable heater with electromagnetic interference shielding (EMI efficiency of 35.7 dB for single-layer fabric), electrothermal conversion (up to 263 °C in 76 s at a supply voltage of 5 V) and photothermal conversion (up to 107 °C after irradiation for 175 s at light intensity of 125 mW cm−2) properties was achieved. These integrated properties arose from the interlacing conductive network cooperated by nonwoven fabric and stacked MXene nanosheets, which facilitated the multiple reflection and absorption of electromagnetic waves or light, as well as the low thermal conductivity. More importantly, the newly formed physical barrier from carbonization of the MXene further enhanced the flame retardancy of nanocomposite fabrics, guaranteeing the security in use. This research provides a versatile yet efficient path to fabricate the new generation of safe wearable MXene-based heater, which will expand their working temperature range.

First case of cyproterone acetate induced multiple meningiomas in identical female twins: A case report

Meningiomas are the most common tumors of the central nervous system. Most meningiomas are benign and occur mainly in middle-aged women. Only a few cases of meningiomas in identical twins have been reported. Cyproterone acetate (Androcur® Bayer Healthcare SAS) (CPA) is an antiandrogenic progestin used to treat female hirsutism in some countries including France. We report a case of identical twin sisters who developed multiple, atypically located meningiomas in the setting of long-term CPA use. Eighteen-month follow-up showed spontaneous decrease of meningiomas after cessation of CPA. This case illustrates CPA's ability to induce development of atypically located meningiomas that differ even between identical twins, confirms benefit of surgical abstention, and raises questions regarding security of use of CPA.

Patient and physician perspectives of a smartphone application for depression: a qualitative study

BackgroundDespite an increasing number of smartphone apps, such therapeutic tools have not yet consistently demonstrated their efficacy and many suffer from low retention rates. To ensure the development of efficient apps associated with high adherence, we aimed to identify, through a user-centred design approach, patient and physician expectations of a hypothetical app dedicated to depression.MethodsWe conducted semi-structured interviews with physicians (psychiatrists and general practitioners) and patients who had experienced a major depressive episode during the last 12 months using the focus group method. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and analysed using qualitative content analysis to define codes, categories and emergent themes.ResultsA total of 26 physicians and 24 patients were included in the study. The focus groups showed balanced sex and age distributions. Most participants owned a smartphone (83.3% of patients, 96.1% of physicians) and were app users (79.2% of patients and 96.1% of physicians).The qualitative content analysis revealed 3 main themes: content, operating characteristics and barriers to the use of the app. Expected content included the data collected by the app, aiming to provide information about the patient, data provided by the app, gathering psychoeducation elements, therapeutic tools and functionalities to help with the management of daily life and features expected for this tool. The “operating characteristics” theme gathered aims considered for the app, its potential target users, considered modalities of use and considerations around its accessibility and security of use. Finally, barriers to the use of the app included concerns about potential app users, its accessibility, safety, side-effects, utility and functioning. All themes and categories were the same for patients and physicians.ConclusionsPhysician and patient expectations of a hypothetical smartphone app dedicated to depression are high and confirmed the important role it could play in depression care. The key points expected by the users for such a tool are an easy and intuitive use and a personalised content. They are also waiting for an app that gives information about depression, offers a self-monitoring functionality and helps them in case of emergency.

An advanced color tunable persistent luminescent NaCa2GeO4F:Tb3+ phosphor for multicolor anti-counterfeiting.

Luminescent materials play an important role in anticounterfeiting applications due to their superior properties of visual convenience and high concealment. However, traditional luminescent materials usually exhibit monochromatic emission and are easily counterfeited. Therefore, in this work, we report a multicolor long persistent luminescence (PersL) material, NaCa2GeO4F:Tb3+ (abbreviated as NCGOF:Tb3+), where the color of PersL can be tuned from blue to cyan and bright green by changing the concentration of Tb3+, and the afterglow (concentration) can last for 5.62 h (0.1%), 8.52 h (0.4%) and 7.14 h (0.8%) at the corresponding concentrations of Tb3+, respectively. Investigation revealed that the multicolor PersL is essentially associated with the opportune traps and cross-relaxation effect of Tb3+ in NCGOF. Based on the unique features of PersL, anticounterfeiting devices have been fabricated, and the results indicate that their multicolor features can be easily detected using a portable ultraviolet lamp, and that they are impossible to counterfeit using any substitute so far, meaning that they provide a high level of security for use in practical applications.

ASSESSMENT OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF REALIZATION OF ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF AIR TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES

In the article is analysed the scientific views on the economic essence of the concepts "economic potential", "state of use of economic potential" and "economic security of use of economic potential". The author's understanding of the concept of "economic security of realization of economic potential" is given, the components and indicators of estimation of financial and production potential of aviation enterprise are defined. The state of liquidity, solvency, business activity of air transport enterprises of Ukraine (PJSC "Motor Sich", PJSC "International Airlines of Ukraine" and others in the period from 2015 to 2018) was assessed as components of the set of resources that form the economic potential of future enterprise development. Goal. The purpose of the article is to assess the economic security of the economic potential of airlines of Ukraine on the basis of resource-functional approach, analysis of indicators of financial and production potential of the air transport company. Method (methodology) of work. To assess the economic potential of airlines, a system of indicators for assessing the components of economic potential (production, financial, personnel, information, management, marketing and marketing) was used. Results. As a result of studying the essence of the concept of economic potential revealed its ability to reflect the achievability of economic security criteria, which gives grounds to consider the use of the concept of economic potential to reflect the state of economic security of the enterprise. Assessment of economic security of realization of economic potential of air transport enterprises allowed to draw a conclusion that the majority of airlines of Ukraine work in a zone of risk and critical danger.

Development Status of Equipment Testability Verification Technology

Testability verification of equipment refers to the test and evaluation for testing whether the testability of equipment given by design and manufacture meets the specified testability requirements. Testability verification can lay a theoretical and technical foundation for the testability and maintainability transformation of active equipment, and provide a development platform for the development of equipment maintenance support equipment and system of grass-roots units. Its research work has very important military and economic significance for improving the overall level of information and intelligence of equipment and the security of use. This paper summarizes the development status of testability test and verification technology of equipment at home and abroad, analyses the key technologies of testability verification, and points out the key and difficult problems to be solved urgently at present. Finally, based on the comprehensive analysis of the current testability physical verification and non-physical verification technology schemes, some suggestions are given for further research and development of testability verification technology schemes.

Radiochemical separation of reactor produced Sc-47 from natural calcium target using Poly(acrylamide-acrylic acid)/multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite

Poly (acrylamide-acrylic Acid)/multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite [P(AAm-AA)/MWCNTs] was prepared by gamma radiation to initiate the copolymerization of AAm and AA onto MWCNTs surface. The structural characteristics were confirmed by FT-IR, SEM, XRD, TGA and DTA. The particle size distribution was determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS). [P(AAm-AA)/MWCNTs] was used to study the adsorption efficiency of 47Sc from natural calcium by batch technique at different concentrations of HCl and/or HNO3 acid solutions. No-carrier-added 47Sc (III) was separated from 47Ca(II) on [P(AAm-AA)/MWCNTs] column matrix. The elution efficiency of about 80 ± 1.5% was attained for 47Sc(III) using 1M HNO3. Three quality control tests, radionuclidic, radiochemical and chemical purities were investigated to emphasis that 47Sc secure for use in nuclear medicine.

Development and initial validation of a measure of attachment security in late adulthood.

Attachment theory-guided studies of older adults have generally relied on self-report measures that were validated on young adult samples and that focus on fears of rejection by romantic partners and on experiences of chronic discomfort with romantic intimacy as the key indicators of adult attachment security. These assessment characteristics raise important questions as to whether these measures are appropriate for use with older adults. Unlike their younger adult counterparts, older adults may face distinctive life stage-related threats to their attachment security such as declining health and autonomy, spousal loss, and increased dependence on younger family members for instrumental and emotional support. In response to these concerns, we conducted two independent studies aimed at developing and validating a novel measure of attachment security in older adults-the Late Adulthood Attachment Scale (LAAS). In study one (N = 287), exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) methods were used to identify and support a 2-factor structure (Fearful Avoidance, Secure Engagement) underlying LAAS scores. In study two (N = 417), ESEM and regression analyses confirmed the 2-factor structure and demonstrated the ability of LAAS scores to predict participants' well-being over a 3-month interval (n = 93). Findings from both studies support the psychometric adequacy of the LAAS as an alternative measure of attachment security for use with older adult samples. (PsycINFO Database Record

Profiling and catalytic upgrading of commercial palm oil-derived biodiesel fuels for high-blend fuels

Commercial palm oil-derived biodiesel fuels (palm BDFs) were thoroughly profiled based on the specifications of international fuel standards. Their main components were found to be fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) with different numbers of double bonds in the fatty acid tails in addition to small amounts of unreactive glycerides and impurities, the concentrations of which varied slightly among the regional producers in Thailand. The fuel properties of the as-received commercial palm BDFs met international fuel standards; unfortunately, the fuel degraded significantly over time, presumably due to the presence of polyunsaturated fatty acid methyl esters (poly-FAME) and impurities. To prevent this degradation, the commercial palm BDFs were upgraded into partially hydrogenated fatty acid methyl esters with outstanding oxidation stability (H-FAME, a new type of biodiesel fuel enriched in monounsaturated fatty acid methyl esters (mono-FAME)) over supported Pd catalysts with metallic Pd nanoparticles as the catalytically active sites in a batch-type glass reactor under mild conditions (80 °C and 0.5 MPa H2). In the upgrading process, the unwanted component poly-FAME, which had low oxidation stability, was selectively converted into the target component, mono-FAME with high oxidation stability. Although the impurities in the commercial palm BDFs poisoned the supported Pd catalysts, particularly the sulfur species, the homemade mesoporous silica-supported Pd catalyst with a high Pd dispersion of 47% gave higher activity and tolerance to the impurities in the synthesis of palm H-FAMEs than the commercial alumina-supported Pd catalyst, which had a low Pd dispersion of 16%. In the accelerated oxidation stability test, the B20 fuels formulated by blending petro-diesel with the palm H-FAMEs with enhanced oxidation stability produced almost no deposits or sludges, whereas the fuels formulated by blending petro-diesel with commercial palm BDFs were seriously degraded and acidified, and formed deposits and sludges. Moreover, the palm H-FAMEs could be further purified by selective removal of the monoglycerides (MG) and steryl glucosides (SG) through wintering and adsorption posttreatments, and were determined to be a reliable BDF source with high safety and security for use in high blend fuels.

Ethics of Smartphone Usage for Medical Image Sharing

Technology advances in medicine have led to increased usage of smartphones and applications in facilitating provision of care. As the increased power of technology paves the way for advances, it is fundamental that ethical considerations are comprehensively explored. This paper explores the importance of consent, confidentiality, and data security in use of smartphone applications for transferring medical information.

Developing measures of food and nutrition security within an Australian context.

To develop a measure of food and nutrition security for use among an Australian population that measures all pillars of food security and to establish its content validity. The study consisted of two phases. Phase 1 involved focus groups with experts working in the area of food security. Data were assessed using content analysis and results informed the development of a draft tool. Phase 2 consisted of a series of three online surveys using the Delphi technique. Findings from each survey were used to establish content validity and progressively modify the tool until consensus was reached for all items. Australia. Phase 1 focus groups involved twenty-five experts working in the field of food security, who were attending the Dietitians Association of Australia National Conference, 2013. Phase 2 included twenty-five experts working in food security, who were recruited via email. Findings from Phase 1 supported the need for an Australian-specific tool and highlighted the failure of current tools to measure across all pillars of food security. Participants encouraged the inclusion of items to measure barriers to food acquisition and the previous single item to enable comparisons with previous data. Phase 2 findings informed the selection and modification of items for inclusion in the final tool. The results led to the development of a draft tool to measure food and nutrition security, and supported its content validity. Further research is needed to validate the tool among the Australian population and to establish inter- and intra-rater reliability.

Strategies to Increase Farmers' Financial Inclusion

This research aims to determine the level of interest by farmers in using the services of formal financial institutions, especially digital financial services (DFS). The methods of the research were descriptive statistics and SEM analysis. The majority of respondents (50%) farmed an average area of land less than 0.5 hectares, 26% of respondents an average of 0.75-1 hectares and 24% of respondents an average of 0.5-0.75 hectares of land. Based on the status of land ownership, as many as 76% of respondents owned the property itself, 19% had a “lease” arrangement and 5% used state owned “arable”land. A total of 27% of the farmers were interested in using DFS while 34% were not. The lack of intereset was due to practical uses, enjoyment of cash and lack of knowledge. The reason for interest in DFS included practicality, speed, and security of use. Results from the SEM model indicate a significant and positive influence of Access to Usage, significant and negative influence of DFS to Access, significant and positive influence of DFS to Interest, significant and positive of Interest to Desire, and a significant and positive Desire to Access.

Demonetization in India 2016 -- Mother Tongue Friendly E-Delivery Banking Channels for Cashless Growth

India has a majority percentage of population in rural areas and still in large areas, literary percentage is low in spite of adult education program launched by the government. More and more banks need to address the issues of this less literate segment of society for fast grasping of the alternate delivery channels and use the alternate delivery banking channels with a better perception of security in use of these channels. Demonetization in India 2016 has created enough background to adopt more and more alternate delivery channels. However, the alternate delivery services by the banks in Hindi or mother tongue friendly mode are a welcome step and is likely to give a major thrust in rural India and will ultimately help combating the problems created by demonetization.

Land titles and formal credit in Thailand

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of land titles and farmers’ characteristics on their participation in the formal credit market in a land reform area of Thailand. Design/methodology/approach – Data collected on 218 farm households in one land reform area of Western Thailand are analyzed with a generalized double-hurdle model to calculate the probability of farm households to take a loan and the size of the loans from a formal credit institute, the Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Co-operatives. Findings – The results suggest that the absence of a title, whether fully or partially transferable, decreases significantly the participation to the formal credit market and the size of the loans. However, this effect was small. The findings also indicate that the farm assets, household head’s gender and age, and the labor force per hectare were significantly influencing the probability of participation to borrow money as well as the amount borrowed. Practical implications – The possibility given to farmers having title with partial transferability to provide alternative types of guarantees reduced the gap in loan-taking between the different types of land title. However, the presence of a land title, transferable or not, had a significant influence on farmers demand and success in obtaining credit. Originality/value – The paper investigates the possible effects of a unique partial land rights in Thailand that guarantees only security of use of the land but prohibits sale.

Synthesis and characterization of a pH-responsive poly(ethylene glycol)-based hydrogel: acid degradation, equilibrium swelling, and absorption kinetic characteristics

We developed a pH-responsive, hydrogel based on poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) covalently cross-linked with acrylic acid and N′,N′-dimethylacrylamide along with acid-labile groups. In the hydrogel, PEG plays a role as the key constituent. If its chains break, the polymer networks are destroyed. The pharmacological potential of these hydrogels were demonstrated by determining their water transport profile, modulus of elasticity, and cytotoxicity assay. The hydrogels showed a pseudo-Fickian behavior, a transport mechanism that occurs when the diffusion coefficient changes with the time and the swelling equilibrium is never fully reached. At pH 2, the PEG-richer hydrogels degraded and the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images illustrated less-defined shapes than at pH 7 and 10. This morphological characteristic results of the hydrogel deconstruction owing to cleavage of ether bonds of the PEG chains unmaking its 3D polymer network. The proposed hydrogels were shown to be compatible to cells, indicating acceptable biocompatibility and an appropriate level of security for use in the biological environments. Furthermore, they showed structural changes in their polymer network in response to pH, which is an important characteristic for stimuli-triggered release of guest molecules.