Sector Management Research Articles

Redefining the Role of Structures to Change Sectoral Resources Governance Towards Sustainable and Inclusive Management

This article offers a new perspective on public management for sectoral governance. It explains how the role of structures has evolved and redefined, and how this evolution has created new ways of public action. The research method used is developmental content analysis with a focus on qualitative study. This process involves transcribing qualitative data, developing an analytical framework, coding the collected information and analyzing it. The framework ensures consistent analysis of the evolution and redefinition of structures related to sectorial management. The analysis reveals the diversification of practices and the implementation of new modes of public management. In addition to more decentralized management, the involvement of regional county municipalities allows the implementation of management-oriented projects. The analysis demonstrates that reconciling the demands of sectorial management with the socioeconomic reality of the regions is not always easy and that there are still many obstacles in the path of establishing and maintaining innovative sectorial management practices. This article identifies the obstacles to sectoral management, including a cumbersome regulatory framework, low levels of government support for the regional county municipalities, a lack of human and material resources, and a low level of public interest. It also provides references for the evolution of sectorial management in other regions of the world.

Top-down or bottom-up digital transformation? A comparison of institutional changes and outcomes

IMPACT Investigating two major digitalization projects in Germany, the authors conclude that to fully utilize the potential of digitalization, old processes should be replaced with newly-designed and optimized digital ones (displacement) instead of layering new digital tools on top of analogue ones. Digitalization should be an opportunity for public sector managers and policy-makers to adjust administrative processes and structures. To implement such changes, top-down approaches are expected to contribute more effectively than bottom-up approaches to the standardization of processes and outcomes. However, this may also create challenges regarding adaptation to local needs, acceptance, and the risk of resistance to change. To guarantee effective and efficient digitalization processes and locally matching, well-accepted solutions, policy-makers in multi-level contexts are advised to strive for a well-calibrated digitalization approach, potentially consolidating digitalization efforts. Bundling certain tasks related to the provision of digital services can help to reduce the pressure on the local level.

IMPLEMENTASI EKONOMI SIRKULAR PADA SEKTOR PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DI KAWASAN ASIA TENGGARA

Countries in Southeast Asia tend to still use a linear economic system, where the economic system continues to experience losses. This has made countries in Southeast Asia start planning to change their linear economic system to a circular economy. A circular economic system has the principle of sustainably maintaining the value of products, materials and resources in the economy, thereby generating economic growth. The research method used is literature review or literature study, namely by searching for data related to the discussion in the research title that the researcher took. The research results show that countries in Southeast Asia such as Thailand, the Philippines, Indonesia, Singapore and Malaysia are starting to plan and implement a circular economy system in the waste management sector to ensure waste reduction and sustainable waste management.

DIGITALIZATION OF LABOR-LAW RELATIONS: BASIC PROVISIONS AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS

The updated national goals of development of the Russian Federation for the period till 2030 and on perspective till 2036, approved by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 07.05.2024 No. 309, contain the most important directions of further development of our country, including such areas as: technological leadership, digital transformation of public and municipal administration, economy and social sphere involving automation of the most part of transactions within uniform sectoral digital platforms and data-based management model taking into account the accelerated implementation of big data processing technologies, machine learning and artificial intelligence. Achievement of these goals, defined by the Russian President as fundamental for the modern development of the state and systems of public administration bodies, is impossible without strategic development of the branch of labor law. The basis for achieving these national development goals is the development of a trinity of directions: digitalization of labor law relations - expansion of the use of artificial intelligence in the field of labor and employment - development of new forms of employment, such as remote work and platform employment. The goal of digitalization of labor relations is to increase efficiency, optimize resources, improve communication and ensure more flexible and transparent personnel management. As part of the digitalization of labor relations, companies apply various tools and technologies such as electronic HR management systems, online-platforms for recruiting and manpower planning, automated systems of control of working hours, virtual workspaces and other digital solutions. New digital solutions in HR management can become one of the drivers of development of the Russian economy, allowing for adequate savings for employers. The automation of production, the expansion of hiring remote workers, optimization of the use of artificial intelligence in work processes raise the question of deepening the scientific research of these aspects in labor law.

Organizational structure, agility, and public value-driven innovation performance in the UAE public services

Existing public sector management literature requires an empirical examination of the relationship between change readiness, organizational agility, and public value-driven innovation performance. Moreover, how organizational structure moderates these relationships in the public sector context is still being determined. This study aims to address this gap by collecting data from 421 top management respondents working in public services in the United Arab Emirates. The hypotheses are tested using a structural equation model. The study's findings confirm that change readiness positively influences organizational agility and reveals the positive effects of organizational agility on public value-driven innovation performance in public service organizations. Additionally, this study highlights that change readiness directly affects public value-driven innovation performance. Simultaneously, organizational structure (formalization and centralization) affects the relationships between change readiness and public value-driven innovation performance, and organizational agility and public value-driven innovation performance. Finally, this study shows that organizational structure (centralized and formalized) impacts the relationship between change readiness and organizational agility. This study contributes substantially to the existing knowledge on the relationships between change readiness, organizational agility, organizational structure, and public value-driven innovation performance.

Data management in Nepalese medical sector: An empirical study

This study attempted to examine the influence of data management in the Nepalese medical sector and the impact of big data in health care. Many nations have strict policies and guidelines of data management of medical services. Countries with good ranking in health sector are the instances of this. Contemporary medical literatures have answered many issues, but the level of intensity or impact of unmanaged data in the medical sector and mechanisms to utilize EDI in the data management of the Nepalese medical sector are yet to be answered which is the quest of this article.

Mapping Of Occupation In Quality Management Within National Qualification Framework To Close The Gap Between Education And Industry Needs

In the face of rapid industrial changes and globalization, there is a growing demand for highly skilled professionals in quality management within Indonesia. The Indonesian National Qualifications Framework (IQF) seeks to align vocational education with industry demands by establishing a clear framework of work competency standards. However, discrepancies persist between the competencies taught in vocational programs and those required in the industry, particularly in advanced areas such as data analysis and strategic quality planning. This study undertakes a systematic occupational mapping in the quality management sector to identify these gaps and develop strategies to address them. Utilizing methodologies like the Rapid Assessment Process (RAP), Gall and Borg's educational research methods, and Regional Model Competency Standards (RMCS), the study formulates a comprehensive occupational matrix. This matrix serves as a crucial tool for planning human resources, developing relevant educational and training curricula, and fostering career development aligned with market trends and needs. The research outcomes are aimed at enhancing the alignment of vocational education with industry standards, thereby increasing the employability and effectiveness of graduates in the quality management sector.

THEORETICAL ISSUES OF THE STUDY OF A NEW MODEL OF PUBLIC MANAGEMENT

The purpose of the theoretical paper is to present and discuss the evolution of the adoption of a New Public Governance agenda improving management, accountability, transparency, public participation, integrity and quality of public services. Based on the literature, the debate on the adoption of a new public administration program appears to be original and relevant for understanding the changes taking place in public administration. The results of the discussions show that the evolution of public sector management is directly related to public demands for improved governance, transparency, accountability, wider public participation and the quality of public services. The findings of the study show that new public management manifests promises in meeting public policy and service needs in a more democratic and transparent manner at a lower cost. These changes impact the functioning of government and public administration, which opens the chances to new ideas in public management theories and public sector management strategies.

Prospective Directions in the Computer Systems Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) for Shaping Data Exchange in the Sustainability and Resilience of Cities

Sustainability and resilience in addressing construction’s environmental, social, and economic challenges rely on interoperability. A model-centred approach using standardised information structures like industry foundation classes (IFC) is essential for data sharing in architecture, engineering, construction, and facility management. Achieving complete interoperability across domains requires further research. This review paper focuses on IFC schema, highlighting upcoming developments like IFC 5 and “IFC x”, with a core emphasis on modularisation to enhance domain interoperability, improved links between building information modelling (BIM) and geographic information systems (GIS), along with IoT integration into BIM, cloud-based collaboration, and support for other advanced technologies such as augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), artificial intelligence (AI), and digital twins. Through a critical examination of the IFC and an outlook towards its future enhancements, the research has the potential to offer valuable insights into shaping the trajectory of future advancements within the AEC and facility management sectors. The study’s discoveries could aid in establishing standardised data exchange protocols in these industries, promoting uniformity across projects, facilitating smoother communication, and mitigating errors and inefficiencies. Anticipating enhancements in the IFC could catalyse innovation, fostering the adoption of emerging technologies and methodologies. Consequently, this could drive the creation of more sophisticated tools and procedures, ultimately enhancing project outcomes and operational effectiveness.

‘Modern talking’: Narratives of agile by German public sector employees

Despite growing interest, we lack a clear understanding of how the arguably ambiguous phenomenon of agile is perceived in government practice. This study aims to alleviate this puzzle by investigating how managers and employees in German public sector organisations make sense of agile as a spreading management fashion in the form of narratives. This is important because narratives function as innovation carriers that ultimately influence the manifestations of the concept in organisations. Based on a multi-case study of 31 interviews and 24 responses to a qualitative online survey conducted in 2021 and 2022, we provide insights into what public sector managers, employees and consultants understand (and, more importantly, do not understand) as agile and how they weave it into their existing reality of bureaucratic organisations. We uncover three meta-narratives of agile government, which we label ‘renew’, ‘complement’ and ‘integrate’. In particular, the meta-narratives differ in their positioning of how agile interacts with the characteristics of bureaucratic organisations. Importantly, we also show that agile as a management fad serves as a projection surface for what actors want from a modern and digital organisation. Thus, the vocabulary of agile government within the narratives is inherently linked to other diffusing phenomena such as new work or digitalisation.

Revolutionizing Land-Based Vehicle Parts Management: Basis for a Unified Digital Platform for Auto Parts Information Systems

The study provides the basis for a much-needed digital platform one that is consumer-friendly by examining current practices, pain points, and stakeholder requirements. This marketplace aims to aggregate the information of all of the autoparts dealers, suppliers, distributors, and manufacturers centrally for collaboration. Our goal is to reduce TCO and time associated with data access/wait times for real-time insights around inventory management, supply chain visibility, and actionable insights. This study is designed to save the face of the land and rarity-based car parts management at the end, foster efficiency in the automotive industry while taking on sustainability. To be a highly effective, secure and scalable "Autohub System" the design is implemented using several strategies and tactics in database domain.In order to reduce redundancy, this entails using a Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) such as MySQL and implementing strategies such table definition, relationship building, and normalization. Indexing helps enhance efficiency while looking for information and to model the autoparts ecosystem we use Entity-Relationship Diagrams (ERD). For stronger security against attacks and availability of data some methods used are concurrency control, adequate back-up and recovery procedures, and encryption of data. Performance tuning and considering scalability are other topics as they focus on the efficiency of work and further increase in the company’s possibilities, whereas data auditing gives them accountability. Altogether these strategies can accurately set the database to cater for the goals that the autoparts management system has to accomplish. It’s the exact same concept with the Autohub System which revolutionizes the conventional autoparts management sector by producing IoT and predictive maintenance, making operations smoother while eliminating waste. It is beneficial for many businesses as they experience reduced costs, less downtime, and an overall increase in productivity. This is true because the indicated system enhances earth-friendly causes since the automotive industry it fosters is more competitive because of worldwide cooperation. The newly introduced system, the Autohub System, has posed a major change in the ways businesses within the autoparts management industry operate today. This is achieved through offering real-time information, supplier control and a clear and user-friendly front-end in order to ensure that it facilitates the tends, procurement and cooperation. Through sustained supplier dynamics, buy order optimization, and analytical proficiency, decision making becomes enhanced tremendously. The long-term feasibility is guaranteed by the very fact of the opportunity to expand on it and adapt to new needs. This technology takes autoparts management to a new level because it has an overall positive impact on the functions of decreasing downtime, improving supplier interaction, and improving the supply chain. Summing up, The Model T exemplifies the milestone in progress toward sustainability and efficiency that shapes the future of the automobile industry.

Prioritizing human-wildlife conflict management strategies through importance-performance analysis: Insights from Chitwan National Park, Nepal

Human-wildlife conflict affects the social-ecological systems essential for sustainable development. In human-dominated landscapes, effective management necessitates context-specific strategies that promote workable coexistence. This present study evaluates community perspectives on human-wildlife conflict management strategies through Importance-Performance Analysis in Chitwan National Park, Nepal. As a cost-effective and user-friendly tool, Importance-Performance Analysis helps protected area managers prioritize strategies and make informed decisions. Our findings reveal eight management strategies with significant importance-performance gaps, suggesting that park management is falling short in meeting both farmers’ and non-farmers’ needs. The graphical representation of Importance-Performance Analysis matrix visually identifies three high priority strategies—enhanced livelihood diversification skills, promotion of alternative livelihoods, and fast-tracked compensation schemes—that demand immediate action. The ANOVA results show varying perspectives between farmers and non-farmers across the park’s four management sectors (Kasara, Sauraha, Madi, and Amaltari), regarding the importance and performance of management strategies. This study demonstrates that Importance-Performance Analysis can be effectively adapted by protected area managers to evaluate and enhance management effectiveness from stakeholders’ perspectives, thereby balancing biodiversity conservation with community well-being and advancing the global goal of ‘living in harmony with nature’.

Water Supply, Waste Management, Waste and Recycling Sector in Indonesia: A Study of Location Quetion, Classic and Spatial Shift Share and Export-Import

The Water Supply, Waste Management, Waste and Recycling sector is one of the constituent sectors of the Indonesian economy. Water is an important component of human life, especially clean water. The provision of clean water is an activity that should be prioritized, in line with the 6th SDGs goal of clean water and proper sanitation. Waste and waste as by-products of economic activities, then management into useful goods is very important in supporting sustainable development, in accordance with what was launched by the United Nations through the concept of SDGs in goals 8, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15. The data used is sourced from BPS from 2017-2022. Data analysis using LQ, ΔLQ, Classic and Spatial Shift Share and Export-Import. The results showed that (1) The PAPASLIDU sector in West Java is a superior sector in the present and future. (2) Sector growth in DKI is best compared to West Java, Central Java and East Java. The competitiveness of Central Java and East Java is still low (3) DKI and Central Java still remain importers, West Java changed from importers to exporters and East Java remained as an exporter. Suggestions (1) Policies in West Java in the PAPASLIDU sector need to be maintained, and the DKI, Central Java and East Java regions need improvement, (2) Improvements to reduce imports and increase competitiveness by striving to increase the provision of clean water for the community. Reducing waste generation and waste by managing it into useful and economically valuable goods, namely expanding activities that have been carried out and adding new activities for areas that do not yet exist.

Integrity in Management of Public and Private Sector Organisations: Case of Serbia

Integrity in the sense of quality of personal character and organisational values in public administration and business are a major ongoing challenge all over the world, especially so in developing countries. We carried out an original empirical survey on this emerging topic on a sample of public and private sector managers in Serbia, measuring self-reported organisational values and their associations with integrity issues (violations, inefficiency and favouritism) within the organisation. Our findings indicate that there was notable sectoral convergence in organisational values in Serbia with only profitability differing significantly between the sectors. Using partial least squares structural equation modelling we showed that there were significantly more integrity violations in the public sector. Levels of inefficiency and favouritism were similar between the sectors. Public values were associated with a reduction in integrity violations but not a reduction in inefficiency or favouritism. More corrupt and/or nepotistic organisations were also significantly more inefficient. Many notable differences were observed between Serbian data and previous surveys in other European countries (Slovenia and the Netherlands) using the same instrument. These results were discussed in relation to the existing literature and suggestions for future work were offered.

The Effect of COVID-19 on Public and Private Sector Earnings Management: Evidence from Korea

This study investigated how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted earnings management practices within both public and private firms in Korea. Amid active government efforts and policies to overcome the pandemic crisis, we anticipate that the earnings management of public sector managers, prioritizing public benefit as their key sustainability objective, will distinctly differ from those of private sector managers, who are influenced by a different set of pressures and incentives. Empirical analysis revealed a notable decrease in earnings management in the public sector post-COVID-19, with no significant change in the private sector. Our study distinguishes how public and private firms react to identical economic crises, deepening our insight into the ways different organizations handle financial reporting amid government intervention and economic stress. Such differentiation not only broadens our comprehension of strategies for managing earnings but also offers vital perspectives on the dynamics among corporate governance, regulatory environments, and sustainability.

Web-Gis and Artificial Intelligence A Panacean for Agriculture Advancement in Developing Countries - A Review

Agricultural contributions to the economies of developing countries, including Nigeria, have been declining. This paper proposes leveraging Web-GIS and artificial intelligence (AI) to rejuvenate agriculture in these regions. It aims to dissect the components of Web GIS, examine spatial data capture methods, delve into AI for image processing, and develop revenue-generating strategies to boost Nigeria’s agricultural sector. Despite substantial capital investment, agricultural outputs remain below expectations, primarily due to informational gaps regarding land use, planting techniques, and storage. The bureaucratic management of public agricultural sectors further delays disseminating research findings to farmers. Adopting Web-GIS and AI offers a modern solution to these challenges, facilitating real-time analysis and communication of vital information related to soil conditions, farmer challenges, and broader socio-economic and environmental concerns. This approach promises to elevate agricultural practices by integrating technologies like the Internet of Things, GIS, and extensive data-sharing capabilities across the web. The paper emphasizes the potential of ubiquitous smartphone use and widespread internet connectivity to transform agricultural information dissemination. It advocates for leveraging the digital infrastructure of smart cities to enhance access to agricultural data, ultimately improving farming practices across Nigeria. The fusion of Web-GIS and AI with existing telecommunications networks presents a viable path forward, enabling farmers to make informed decisions, improve productivity, and contribute more significantly to the national economy.

Analysis of recommendations for developing sustainable fishing areas based on geographic information systems: the integrated Center of Marine and Fisheries (SKPT) Mimika case study

Abstract The Integrated Center of Marine and Fisheries (SKPT) is one of the Indonesian government’s steps in developing better management of the fisheries sector. SKPT Mimika has “The golden fishing ground” waters with a capture fisheries potential of 2.64 million tons per year; Arafura waters are one of the most fertile waters in Indonesia. With this potential and the concept of water development, namely the blue economy, where the economy with the axis of the sea must be sustainable, has a high urgency to ensure that there is no excessive exploitation of marine resources. The development of a sustainable blue economy involves many parties, but we consider that the closest community is the answer to the success of this development. Creating the potential fishing zone (PFZ) from Aqua MODIS image data and SWOT Analysis to formulate sustainable recommendations can help the community and stakeholders. Some of the outcomes of our recommendations are 1) Empower and implement an adaptive management approach that considers the needs and situations of each member of society, community, and region; 2) Increase the resilience of fisheries and aquaculture systems through implementing sustainable practices, diversifying fisheries commodities, and increasing access to markets. 3) Increase the ability of fisheries and aquaculture stakeholders to adapt to the impacts of climate change through training, education and awareness-raising activities; 4) Integrate the fisheries and aquaculture sectors into national policies and strategies for climate change; and 5) Management of intentional fishing and dumping.

To Gain Sustainable Competitive Advantages (SCA) Using Artificial Intelligence (AI) Over Competitors

The motivation behind this examination is to explore the relationship between AI, DC, and SCA in the telecom business in Pakistan. The paper embraced a quantitative exploration plan and utilized a survey method to collect data from 235 telecom sector employees and managers of three distinct hierarchical levels. The paper applied SEM to examine the hypotheses and analyse the data. The paper found that artificial intelligence affected digital capacity (DC), DC meaningfully affected SCA, and DC intervened in the impact of AI on SCA. The study adds to the works on the link between AI, DC, and SCA in the telecom business. It gives experimental proof to help the hypotheses that artificial intelligence influences DC, DC influences SCA, and DC explains the impact of AI on SCA. The paper gives helpful experiences to telecom sector employees and policymakers. It suggests that telecom companies should make investments in AI technologies and applications to improve their DC, which can help them gain a competitive advantage. Also, it recommends that policymakers work with and support the telecom business to execute DC and AI because these advancements can help financial development, effectiveness, and innovation. The research aims to identify the association between AI, DC, and SCA in the telecom industry in Pakistan. It offers an original viewpoint on how artificial intelligence can improve DC and how DC can prompt SCA in the telecom business.

Factors Influencing Income Tax Compliance Decisions: A Review of the Literature

The payment of income tax to the state by its citizens who have an income that is liable to tax is a mandatory legal requirement. In every country in the world, however, there exists a phenomenon known as a tax gap; i.e., not all of the people who are supposed to pay tax on their income are doing so. Why some pay taxes while others decide not to comply with the mandatory legal requirements to do so remains a question that has not yet been answered in full. Income tax is multidisciplinary in nature: economics, psychology, law, accounting, political economy, sociology, public sector management, etc; all come into play to explain why some people pay their taxes while others decide not to. The economic approach attempts to understand tax compliance from the perspective of the tax gap, while the psychological approach is based on exploring the citizens’ voluntary willingness to act not only withing the letter of the income tax law but also within its spirit. This paper attempts to provide an overview of the current ‘Tax Compliance’ literature, from the neo-classical economic deterrence models to the behavioural economics models and demonstrate the limitations of the tax compliance literature from the perspective of developing countries.

Wind Turbine Loads in the Near Wake

This work is analyzing the the engineering wake models Frandsen and TNO for small inter-turbine distances. Therefore, loads generated by actuator line LES (AL-LES) wind fields will be compared with the loads generated by the mentioned engineering models. The results are checked for plausibility by comparing the current results with the available literature. Load comparisons for non-dimensional distances x/D ranging from 1.75 to 4 and for seven different wind speeds in order to consider the influence of the thrust coefficient were made. For each speed a low and a high turbulence intensity case is considered. Two latest generation turbines are investigated (one with a diameter of 138 m and one with a diameter of 175 m).Our studies reveal that the fatigue loads computed with the Frandsen and TNO model are conservative compared to the loads generated by AL-LES wind fields. The Wöhler averaged (m=10 and a sector of 120°) flap wise blade root bending moments are at least 150% higher for the TNO and Frandsen model compared to the loads generated by AL-LES wind fields for distances lower than 2.3D and C T values higher than 0.7. This indicates that current sector management rules applied by means of the results of the Frandsen and TNO model are too restrictive. A possible way to decrease the conservatism without posing at risk the structural integrity of the turbines is the following: The wake added turbulence intensity can be kept constant for regions in the parameter space with very high conservatism (e.g. for distances smaller than 2.3D and C T values higher than 0.7).