Sector Of Bangladesh Research Articles

Factors Affecting Bangladeshi Travelers’ Selection of Hotels

Understanding the preferences and choices of travelers is essential for hoteliers and other tourism stakeholders as the hotel and tourism sectors in Bangladesh become more and more competitive day by day. The purpose of this study is to look at the key factors that influence hotel choice among Bangladeshi travelers. This study also seeks to offer insights into the particular requirements and expectations of Bangladeshi travelers by examining the elements that affect the hotel selection process. Considering these elements can help hoteliers and other tourism industry professionals tailor their services to the particular requirements and expectations of Bangladeshi travelers. The data for this research was collected through an online survey. A structured questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale is used and data were collected from 379 respondents, of which the valid response rate is 75.8%. The data have been analyzed using descriptive statistics. Research result highlights that ‘Staff Service Quality’, ‘Safety and Security’ and ‘Value for money’ are the three most influential factors in selecting a hotel.

Factors affecting the productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) in selected areas of Bangladesh

Though the production of maize and the area under cultivation has accelerated, the rate of increase in production is not satisfactory due to its increasing demand with the continuous expansion of the dairy and poultry sectors in Bangladesh. The intended study aimed to identify the factors affecting the production of maize and whether the resources were utilized optimally in the production process. Required data were gathered from 130 maize growers, who were taken through simple random sampling from two districts, Manikganj and Rajshahi, of Bangladesh, through the interview with a pretested questionnaire. The impact of several factors on the productivity of maize was computed with the help of the Cobb-Douglas production function. The study revealed a significant positive impact of seed, land preparation, fertilizer and water management on the final output of maize. Although maize cultivators earned a decent profit, inefficient uses of resources were practiced. Seed and fertilizer were underutilized while labour was over-utilized in the production process. The sampling frame was selected purposively to represent the intensive maize producing area. Farmers shifted to maize cultivation progressively but the high price of seeds, natural calamities and low price of grains may affect production in future. SAARC J. Agric., 20(2): 93-104 (2022)

Study Analyzing the Mediating Effects of Customer Satisfaction in the Relationship Between ATM Service Quality and Customer Loyalty

The purpose of this study is to determinants of customer satisfaction, customer loyalty and ATM service quality in the Bangladesh banking sector. The Banking sector has been playing an important role in the overall economic Development of Bangladesh. Customer satisfaction is essential for the success of service firms like banks. Many studies show that service quality is related to customer satisfaction, and the quality of service is an important component of has become an aspect of customer satisfaction. This study, endeavors to discover and discuss the impact of service quality on customer satisfaction in private-sector banks in Bangladesh. First, seven dimensions of service quality such as tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, empathy, assurance, access, and effectiveness (Parasuraman, Zeithaml, & Berry, 1985) are considered the basis for this study. Second, as structured questionnaire with 5 points Likert scale has been used to collect the data by conducting the survey. For the convenience of the experiment, 400 questionnaire data are randomly sampled. The sample size is 400 and is chosen on a timely basis. Data has been analyzed Finally; we conducted the analysis using SPSS software (version: 17) on the 400-questionnaire data. The result of the study showed that tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, access, and effectiveness significantly and positively influenced customer loyalty in terms of satisfaction, which means that service quality dimensions are crucial for customer satisfaction in the private banking sector in Bangladesh.

Job satisfaction of local extension agents for fisheries: Insights from farm level survey in Bangladesh

The present study was conducted to assess job satisfaction of local extension agents for fisheries (from here and later in LEAFs) in Melandaha and Islampur sub-districts under Jamalpur district of Bangladesh. Data were collected by the researchers from LEAFs during September to November 2021 through face-to-face interviews by using a structured interview schedule. Descriptive statistics, rank order, and coefficient of correlation were used to analyze the data. Almost all of LEAFs (97.8 percent) had low to medium job satisfaction in extension service delivery. Among fifteen job satisfaction indicators, ‘supervisor’s guidance’ was identified as the most important one. The least ranked indicator was ‘job security’. Correlation analysis showed that age, level of education, job experience, training exposure, and organizational participation of LEAFs are significantly associated with their job satisfaction. All of the LEAFs (100 percent) faced medium to high problems in the research area. The most severe of the fourteen problems was ‘farmers’ reluctance to accept new technologies,’ followed by ‘shortage of manpower’. The least important problem of LEAFs was ‘farmers are non–cooperative’. Therefore, it is highly recommended that if an advance training program for LEAFs could be organized to solve their problems, it would be great to get quality extension services and build a well-organized fisheries sector in Bangladesh which will finally help to enhance nutritional security and poverty reduction in the country.

A Comparative Study on the Laying Performance and Egg Quality of Four Available Strains in Bangladesh

Among all the sub-sectors of the livestock sector in Bangladesh, poultry stands as one of the most important ones. To evaluate the production performances and egg quality of four commercial layer strains in Bangladesh, a total of 128 laying pullets including NOVOgen brown, ISA brown, Hy-line brown, and Bovans brown were randomly allocated at 4 different treated groups (one individual strain treated as separate treatment) having 4 replications and 8 birds in each replication. The birds aged 20 weeks were considered for the experiment and continued until 35 weeks of age. A commercial layer diet purchased from Kazi Farms Group was fed to the experimental birds. Identical management was provided to the birds irrespective of their strains. Data on feed intake, egg production and body weight were recorded and thereafter egg mass and feed efficiency were calculated. Eggs were collected from the respective treatments and subjected to external and internal egg quality analysis. The results revealed that Hy-Line brown had significantly (p<0.001) lower feed intake compared to other strains. On the other hand, NOVOgen Brown had the significantly (p<0.05) higher shell thickness among others. Other laying performances such as hen-day egg production, average egg weight, egg mass and egg quality parameters such as shape index, Haugh unit, albumen index, and yolk color score did not affect significantly (p<0.05). Taken together, it may be concluded that there were almost no statistical differences in relation to laying performance and egg quality among the strains compared in this study and the strains are highly compatible to the local climatic condition.

Financial performance of categorical banking sectors in Bangladesh

This study's objective is to assess the financial performance of the categorical banking sectors in Bangladesh from 2013 to 2017. The study used secondary sources of data that were collected from the Bangladesh Bank's annual reports. Through the use of the CAMEL test, an ANOVA, and an ordinary least squares model, this paper attempts to determine whether there are any appreciable differences in the capital adequacy, asset quality, management efficiency, earning ability, and liquidity among the four categories of banking sector in Bangladesh. The CAMEL test reveals that among the four types of banks, foreign commercial banks do the best. Among the four categories of banks, state-owned development financial institutions have performed the worst. When compared to one another, the four banking organizations' performance is found to be significantly different. IIUC Business Review Vol. 7-8, Dec. 2018-19 pp. 107-122

Linking Fintech Payment Services and Customer Loyalty Intention in the Hospitality Industry: The Mediating Role of Customer Experience and Attitude

Although Fintech services benefit the hospitality industry significantly, studies conducted in Bangladesh are limited. Investigations on the mediating role of customer experience and attitude in the relationship between Fintech services and customer-loyalty intention are also scarce. Therefore, this study explores the association between Fintech services and customer-loyalty intention in the hospitality sector in Bangladesh. Additionally, it looks into how customer attitude and experience mediate the link between Fintech services and customer-loyalty intention. Data were collected from 365 respondents (customers) selected conveniently from 15 hotels (3-, 4-, and 5-star) in the two most renowned cities in Bangladesh, i.e., Chattogram and Cox’s Bazar. Smart-PLS was used to test the proposed model. The results of the study revealed that Fintech services, customer experience, and customer attitude significantly impacted customer-loyalty intention. Moreover, customer experience and customer attitude mediated the relationship between Fintech services and customer loyalty intention. The distinctive contribution of this investigation is the mediation of customer experience and customer attitude in the Fintech services and customer-loyalty intention relationship, as well as adding value to the existing Fintech literature. The study’s findings will help the hospitality sector in Bangladesh become more competitive and improve the quality of its services. Fintech companies and hospitality organizations must make careful plans to encourage the widespread implementation of Fintech.

Acceptance of New Standards for Financial Inclusion by Financial Service Providers in Bangladesh

This study looked at the readiness of investors to raise the post-COVID 19 year, using access to financial services as a consideration of their customer’s financial expectations in the future. Standard of living in the financial expectations of their customer. A random sampling modeling method and a survey-based research method were also used in this study. A sample of the research methodology was also used in this study. A total of 110 respondents from the insurance, financial, and banking and non -banking sectors in Bangladesh participated in the survey and provided responses. Hypotheses were tested using descriptive and inferential data, with a threshold of significance of 5 percent considered significant. There has been a significant link between Bangladesh’s socio-economic progress and the adoption of financial intermediation as a new norm in financial transactions, according to the findings. Public finance agencies and individuals are encouraged to create a conducive environment in developing financial technology as a driver of investment in Bangladesh’s rapid growth, it is expected.

Covid-19 Pandemic's Effect on Performance and Acceleration of Performance Recovery: A Study on Manufacturing Industry in Bangladesh

Purpose – The main aim of this study is to examine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the effects of the pandemic during and after this pandemic on manufacturing sectors in Bangladesh. In the aforementioned context, there are some issues taken as the specific objectives: Methodology – The study is conducted on the manufacturing sectors listed under Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE). The study's target population is 42 manufacturing companies out of 153 listed on the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE). Four research variables were used to evaluate the financial performance and financial position of sample companies. Documentary analysis, descriptive analysis, data normality test, and Wilcoxon Signed–Rank Test are used to evaluate the hypothesis. The years of annual reports from 2018 - 2019 to 2020 – 2021 have been used for the documentary analysis of sample companies' financial performance and financial position. Findings – The study's conclusions demonstrate that this pandemic significantly impacted Bangladeshi companies' financial performance (essentially ROA and ROE) at a 5% level of significance compared to before the pandemic. The recovery growth rate of the financial performance of sample companies has been increased optimistically, and the growth of the liquidity position of manufacturing companies was also seen in good position after the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the COVID-19 pandemic based on the Wilcoxon statistical test tool. Practical implications—Considering that the COVID-19 epidemic has greatly impacted the import process of raw materials for production from China in particular and from other countries generally, the study advised the government of Bangladesh to boost its logistic and financial support for local raw materials facilities. Originality/ Value—This study's findings can be used as a source of relevant data by investors or future investors for their investment decisions in the near future. The findings will assist the government in determining or preparing the appropriate tax incentive scheme for the impacted industries and whether the correct sector would profit from the scheme.

The Effect of Green Management Activities on Organizational Sustainability: Evidence from the Tourism Sector in Bangladesh.

This study is an attempt to investigate the impact of green management activities on organizational sustainability, which is very critical for achieving competitive advantage. Five components of green management activities, i.e., green production, green trading, green logistics, green environmental activities, and green regulation management, have been identified in this study from the literature. A total of 500 respondents were selected, and data were collected through a structured questionnaire from the samples who are permanent employees of the tourism organizations in Bangladesh. Results show that all five selected components of green management activities have a significant positive impact on organizational sustainability. Thus, this research is expected to contribute to broadening the profound insights of green management activities to explore the ecological execution of companies.

Impact of ready-made garments (RMG) industries and sustainability: Perspective of the pandemic period in developing country

The goal of this paper is to find out the impact of COVID-19 on the RMG sectors in the developing economy. This study consists of theoretical circumstances and was conducted with the help of several interviews, secondary sources and documents. The findings of this study show that COVID-19 has impacted negatively on the RMG industry, which has delayed the economy of Bangladesh. It shows the destructive influence of COVID-19 on RMG's sector and also shows some steps to control the number of COVID-19 infestations in the RMG's sector of Bangladesh. Additionally, it describes how we can sustain our RMG's sectors during COVID-19 and after it, and also how this study will be helpful for other countries around the world. Finally, it provides a policy implication and suggestions on how to keep sustainability after COVID-19 in this sector.

DIGITAL COMPETITIVENESS IN THE BANKING SECTOR OF BANGLADESH

Digital competitiveness is the capacity of an economy to adopt and explore digital technologies leading to the transformation in government practices and banking models by obtaining the ability to keep up with trends, explore new technologies and change the way we do things. Digital competitiveness has been rising in modern banking, and this trend will likely stay the same for a while. The study examines the technologies used by the banking sector and how the escalation of its application transpired from 2014 to 2020. The present study is mainly based on secondary data collected from the sample unit, and results are interpreted in tabular form, bar, and pie chart using SPSS and MS Excel. The results reveal how, functionally, the banking sector in Bangladesh is flourishing using modern technologies. That shows digitally; our banking system is getting competitive. Digitalization is becoming more popular in our economy, and that's why our banks are working to contribute to modern society's mechanization. Most of our private and state-owned banks practice renovated software for better services. This automation in the banking sector is flourishing the activities and compensating our tempo.

Government Budget and Funding for Public Policies and Programs in Bangladesh

This paper discussed briefly the Composition of Government Budget of Bangladesh of recent years with analyzing the composition of expenditure, explaining the share or ratio of specific policy areas in the expenditure and how the share or ratio of each major policy area got changed in the last 15 years. This paper also investigated the policy areas which were expanded and which got shrunk with explaining their reason of changes. Along with above, this paper summarized various tax sectors in Bangladesh mentioning their size and explaining major changes in tax system.

Unpacking the influence of social media marketing activities on brand equity in the banking sector in Bangladesh: A moderated mediation analysis of brand experience and perceived uniqueness

The main purpose of this paper was to explore the effect of social media marketing activities (SMMAs) on brand equity (BEQ) through a moderated mediation analysis of brand experience (BE) and perceived uniqueness (PU) in the banking sector in Bangladesh. Structural equation modeling (SEM) with AMOS 23 was applied to test the research model with a sample of 222 followers of banks on social media. The findings reveal that SMMAs positively and substantially impact BEQ. In addition, BE mediates the association between SMMAs and BEQ. Interestingly, perceived uniqueness was found to have a moderating influence on the link between SMMAs and BE. This study contributes to the extant literature by investigating the mediation influence of brand experience on BEQ in the SMM context. Moreover, to the best of the author's knowledge, this study offers completely novel insight for bank marketers by empirically confirming the moderating role of perceived uniqueness on the robust pathway between SMMAs and BE, which will plug the present research gap and enrich SMM literature.

Infaq for Sustainable Development: The Pathway to Achieving No Poverty and Zero Hunger in Bangladesh

The objective of this paper is to identify the role of ‘Infaq’ in alleviating poverty and hunger in Bangladesh. Therefore, this research introduces the Infaq supported ‘One to One Employment Model’ to eliminate poverty and hunger in Bangladesh. The study also finds out the challenges in Infaq model execution in Bangladesh. The study applied a mixed-method, i.e., qualitative and quantitative approach including primary and secondary data. The primary data was collected following the semi-structured interviews, while quantitative data has been presented from the secondary sources. The terms "poverty" and "hunger" are conceived in light of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals, whereas the notion of "Sadaqa" is derived from the Holy Quran, Hadith, and Fiqh. The research draws on labour market statistics for the 2019–20 session collected by the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank from employers, job seekers, and the agricultural and service sectors in Bangladesh. In Bangladesh, the infaq of a fully employed person may lead to self-employment in the service and agricultural sectors for an estimated 26 lakh unemployed people and 1.30 crore partially unemployed people. It can be implemented by the direct participation of the Local Government Administration, initiated as ‘One to One Employment Model". However, the qualitative results reflect that there could be some challenges, such as lack of interest, lack of practicing Muslims, complicated social structure, and lack of coordination. To overcome these challenges, the researchers have also presented some recommendations from the participants in semi-structured interviews.

Herd behavior in the Bangladeshi banking sector

This study aims to investigate the existence and nature of herding behavior in the banking sector in Bangladesh. It uses daily closing prices of 30 listed commercial banks from January 2007 to December 2018 to detect herding. This study confirms the presence of herding in the banking industry for the whole study period. Further, it finds herding in the banking sector during the domestic financial crisis and no herding in the Global financial crisis. By separating the study period into a rising market and a falling market condition, this paper finds asymmetry in herding behavior in the banking sector. This phenomenon is further confirmed when the extreme market condition of the bull and bear phase is used. Investors in the banking industry flock together ignoring any private information to reap the market return at the bull period while they avoid the crowd during the bear phase.

Patterns and risk factors of avian influenza A(H5) and A(H9) virus infection in pigeons and quail at live bird markets in Bangladesh, 2017-2021.

The avian influenza virus (AIV) impacts poultry production, food security, livelihoods, and the risk of transmission to humans. Poultry, like pigeons and quail farming, is a growing sector in Bangladesh. However, the role of pigeons and quails in AIV transmission is not fully understood. Hence, we conducted this study to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of AIV subtypes in pigeons and quails at live bird markets (LBMs) in Bangladesh. We collected oropharyngeal and cloacal swab samples from 626 birds in 8 districts of Bangladesh from 2017 to 2021. We tested the swab samples for the matrix gene (M gene) followed by H5, H7, and H9 subtypes using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). We then used exploratory analysis to investigate the seasonal and temporal patterns of AIV and a mixed effect logistic model to identify the variable that influences the presence of AIV in pigeons and quails. The overall prevalence of AIV was 25.56%. We found that the prevalence of AIV in pigeons is 17.36%, and in quail is 38.75%. The prevalence of A/H5, A/H9, and A/H5/H9 in quail is 4.17, 17.92, and 1.67%, respectively. Furthermore, the prevalence of A/H5, A/H9, and A/H5/H9 in pigeons is 2.85, 2.59, and 0.26%. We also found that the prevalence of AIV was higher in the dry season than in the wet season in both pigeons and quail. In pigeons, the prevalence of A/untyped (40%) increased considerably in 2020. In quail, however, the prevalence of A/H9 (56%) significantly increased in 2020. The mixed-effect logistic regression model showed that the vendors having waterfowl (AOR: 2.13; 95% CI: 1.04-4.33), purchasing birds from the wholesale market (AOR: 2.96; 95% CI: 1.48-5.92) instead of farms, mixing sick birds with the healthy ones (AOR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.04-2.45) and mingling unsold birds with new birds (AOR: 3.07; 95% CI: 2.01-4.70) were significantly more likely to be positive for AIV compared with vendors that did not have these characteristics. We also found that the odds of AIV were more than twice as high in quail (AOR: 2.57; 95% CI: 1.61-4.11) as in pigeons. Furthermore, the likelihood of AIV detection was 4.19 times higher in sick and dead birds (95% CI: 2.38-7.35) than in healthy birds. Our study revealed that proper hygienic practices at the vendors in LBM are not maintained. We recommend improving biosecurity practices at the vendor level in LBM to limit the risk of AIV infection in pigeons and quail in Bangladesh.

Assessing the factors and constraints for value chain development of dairy food products in Bangladesh

The dairy sector in Bangladesh has shifted from subsistence to commercial and enterprise-driven due to the increasing demand of milk and milk products. In this context, this study was conducted to explore the different participants in dairy value chains and their role in the production, processing and marketing of dairy products. This study addresses the constraints faced by these participants and the factors influencing the value chain efficiency as a case study from Bogura districts of Bangladesh. The Bogura district was selected purposively considering the most potential geographical area of dairy farming. Face-to-face surveys were conducted to collect data during January to April 2019 using two sets of well-designed questionnaires. Multiple regression models were analyzed for the factors affecting the value addition of selected dairy food products. Moreover, Kendall's coefficient of concordance was applied for identifying the constraints faced by dairy products value chain actors. The empirical findings showed that processors of dairy food products added the highest value among all the actors involved in the value chain. Furthermore, the findings revealed that gender, education, purchase price, and sale price significantly influenced the value addition of processed dairy products (yogurt and ghee) value chain. The findings also revealed that the most untiring constraints faced by the market actors were the lack of capital and credit facilities, insufficient storage facilities, lack of processing center, and lack of proper transportation facilities. The findings of this study can help the stakeholders to improve the policy measures towards developing a new market for the dairy food products which might result in high value added, domestic, and export oriented dairy industry.

COVID-19 Pandemic's Effect on Performance and Acceleration of Performance Recovery: A Study on Manufacturing Industry in Bangladesh

Research aims: The primary aim of this study is to examine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic during and after this pandemic on manufacturing sectors in Bangladesh. In the context mentioned above, some issues are then taken as the specific objectives.Design/Methodology/Approach: The study was conducted on the manufacturing sectors listed under Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE). The study's target population was 42 manufacturing companies out of 153 listed on Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE). Four research variables were used to evaluate sample companies' financial performance and financial position. Documentary analysis, descriptive analysis, data normality test, and Wilcoxon Signed–Rank Test were employed to evaluate the hypotheses. The years of annual reports, 2018-2019 to 2020-2021, were utilized for the documentary analysis of sample companies' financial performance and financial position.Research findings: The study's conclusions demonstrated that this pandemic significantly impacted Bangladeshi companies' financial performance (essentially ROA and ROE) at a 5% significance level compared to before the pandemic. In addition, the recovery growth rate of financial performance of sample companies increased optimistically, and the growth of liquidity position of manufacturing companies was also seen in an advantageous position after the COVID-19 pandemic compared to during the COVID-19 pandemic based on Wilcoxon statistical test tool.Theoretical contribution/Originality: The findings of this study can be used as a source of relevant data by investors or future investors for their investment decisions shortly. The findings of this study will also assist the government in determining or preparing the appropriate tax incentive scheme for the impacted industries and whether the correct sector would profit from the tax incentive scheme.Practitioner/Policy implication: Considering that the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the import process of raw materials for production from China in specific and from other countries generally, the study advised the government of Bangladesh to boost its logistic and financial support for the local facility of raw materials.Research limitation/Implication: More extensive research is projected to be conducted on the recovery growth rate of financial performance in Bangladesh's sub-sector manufacturing industries.

Scope of a Common Trading Platform for Brokerage Firms in Bangladesh Capital Market

Financial sector in Bangladesh has become digital friendly over the years, which has reflected on better customer satisfaction and operational efficiency. However, for Capital Market Intermediaries, this has not been reflected, except for some few major players. In this paper we are trying to identify the scope of a common digital platform which can be used for majority brokerage houses and the benefits this can provide. We have also tried to figure out the key considerations for which digital platforms have not been popularized yet and what can be done to popularize this. We believe that, with the support being provided by BSEC, a common platform can be readily introduced and can be introduced better customer satisfaction and operational management.