Sectors Of Society Research Articles

POTENCIAL TRANSFORMADOR DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL ​​NA LOGÍSTICA

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a fundamental tool for many sectors of society, and the transport and logistics sector is no exception. This study aims to review the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the transport and logistics sector, focusing on logistics control towers, routing and telemetry. This is a literature review of articles taken from databases such as Scielo and Google Scholar, published in the last 5 years (2018-2023) that were in the public domain and could be read in full. The results showed that AI has the potential to revolutionize industrial sectors, with applications ranging from route optimization to demand forecasting and efficient warehouse management. However, implementing AI also presents challenges, including the need for large volumes of high-quality data, investment in infrastructure and training.

CONSTRUÇÃO DE UM CIRCUITO DE MEDIÇÃO TRANSISTORIZADO PARA O ENSINO DA FÍSICA DOS SEMICONDUTORES NO ENSINO MÉDIO

Technology has proven to be an inseparable element in modern society, reshaping the way we live, learn and interact, individually and collectively. In this context, Physics teaching prioritizes the substantive training of subjects capable of analyzing, reflecting and using scientific tools to solve everyday or technological problems. As current technologies are based on the semiconductor behavior of silicon and the various digital electronic automation, control, communication and information systems, present in various sectors of society, semiconductor physics represents important content for high school, allowing greater reach in scientific understanding and technological by the subject. Based on current scientific education paradigms, this article aims to highlight the results of a didactic proposal based on the design and construction of a transistorized water level measuring circuit by students in the 2nd year of high school at a state school, belonging to the Alagoas comprehensive education program (pALei), located in the municipality of Arapiraca, during the delivery of the Integrator Project curricular component, belonging to the program's diversified base. Throughout the development of the component, the students, divided into groups, were led to the question of monitoring the water level present in the school's water tank, being able to size the circuit, assemble it and carry out tests, solving the problem initially presented based on the theoretical contribution developed in the project, based on the principles of electrodynamics and the physics of semiconductors.

Can ChatGPT Support Clinical Coding Using the ICD-10-CM/PCS?

Introduction: With the growing development and adoption of artificial intelligence in healthcare and across other sectors of society, various user-friendly and engaging tools to support research have emerged, such as chatbots, notably ChatGPT. Objective: To investigate the performance of ChatGPT as an assistant to medical coders using the ICD-10-CM/PCS. Methodology: We conducted a prospective exploratory study between 2023 and 2024 over 6 months. A total of 150 clinical cases coded using the ICD-10-CM/PCS, extracted from technical coding books, were systematically randomized. All cases were translated into Portuguese (the native language of the authors) and English (the native language of the ICD-10-CM/PCS). These clinical cases varied in complexity levels regarding the quantity of diagnoses and procedures, as well as the nature of the clinical information. Each case was input into the 2023 ChatGPT free version. The coding obtained from ChatGPT was analyzed by a senior medical auditor/coder and compared with the expected results. Results: Regarding the correct codes, ChatGPT’s performance was higher by approximately 29 percentage points between diagnoses and procedures, with greater proficiency in diagnostic codes. The accuracy rate for codes was similar across languages, with rates of 31.0% and 31.9%. The error rate in procedure codes was substantially higher than that in diagnostic codes by almost four times. For missing information, a higher incidence was observed in diagnoses compared to procedures of slightly more than double the comparative rates. Additionally, there was a statistically significant excess of codes not related to clinical information, which was higher in procedures and nearly the same value in both languages under study. Conclusion: Given the ease of access to these tools, this investigation serves as an awareness factor, demonstrating that ChatGPT can assist the medical coder in directed research. However, it does not replace their technical validation in this process. Therefore, further developments of this tool are necessary to increase the quality and reliability of the results.

The Formation Mechanism and Prevention of Campus Bullying Crime Psychology

The issue of juvenile campus bullying has always been a challenge for schools and families. The tolerance of violent behavior in society, lapses in school management, and deficiencies in family education can all lead to the unhealthy psychological development of students. To solve the problem of campus bullying, it requires the collective effort of all sectors of society to create a good learning and living environment for adolescents. Strengthening family education is the prerequisite; parents should establish correct educational concepts, learn to understand and respect their children. Schools should build comprehensive prevention and intervention mechanisms in line with students' developmental needs, thoroughly explore the formation and prevention mechanisms of campus bullying crime psychology, promptly identify and properly handle bullying incidents, and regularly conduct psychological education to enhance students' psychological resilience and ability to cope with setbacks. Society should also pay attention to the psychological health of adolescents, create a positive cultural atmosphere, advocate values of tolerance and respect, reduce the negative impact on adolescents, thus curbing the spread of campus bullying and safeguarding the healthy growth of minors.

The Agroecological Transition of Farms in the Ecuadorian Andes Through the Lens of the Main Agroecological Structure

ABSTRACTMany sectors of society have urged a transition from modern conventional agriculture to more sustainable alternatives. One of the most frequently mentioned is agroecology, due to its potential to improve soil health, promote agrobiodiversity, food sovereignty, and regenerate ecosystem functions. However, complex systems such as farms demand the transformation of a broad set of characteristics and practices for its transition. These factors are, in turn, conditioned by social, educational, economic, and political factors. Therefore, a clear understanding of the main drivers behind the management of farms is vital for supporting an effective transition. This research applied the main agroecological structure (MAS) methodology, which employs 10 indicators (5 biological, 5 cultural) to evaluate the degree of connectivity of a farm with the landscape, the agrobiodiversity present in living fences and crops, and the practices employed by farmers to support and preserve it. Finally, the MAS methodology gives farms a score from 0 to 100, understood as the degree of development of its agroecological structure, or as the “resilience” of a system in agroecological transition. Measurements were performed in 20 farms with different degrees of agroecological transition, in five locations of the northern‐central Andean region of Ecuador. The farms had a moderately developed structure on average (71.05 over 100), and MAS variation was not correlated to the size of the farm, nor with its degree of connectivity with the surrounding landscape. It was rather significantly related to the geographic location of the study site. One of the main differences between study sites was a more extended prevalence of cooperation and development programs, suggesting a strong connection between the development of agroecological practices and capacity building processes. For this reason, the author proposes that MAS measurements should be complemented with deeper analyses of the capacity‐building background of each site. This study aims to establish a baseline of the MAS in Ecuador, and to provide new tools for monitoring and supporting agroecological transition.

WORK RELATIONS AND CHALLENGES FOR INCLUSION OF PEOPLE COMPLYING WITH SOCIO-EDUCATIONAL MEASURES: A theoretical essay based on national literature

Socio-educational measures (SEM) are the State's stance in response to a juvenile's criminal act. The effectiveness of SEM is constantly under attack, and the possibility of more severe punitive measures, especially institutionalization, is often brought up, since juvenile offenders are considered "maladjusted" or "irredeemable". It is noted that such negative conceptions are perpetuated in various sectors of society, and that, in addition, stigmas also appear among the management teams of socio-educational institutions, with a view that corroborates the perspective that these young people do not deserve trust. Our objective was to analyze, through a systematic literature review, national scientific publications about young men, aged between 16 and 20 years, serving MSE in a detention regime, aiming to build a theoretical-reflective foundation to support the analyses of their situation regarding the prospects of entering the job market and the practice of Organizational and Work Psychology, whether in professional guidance or in working in organizations, contributing to the reduction of prejudices that act on this public, promoting their exclusion in the formal job market. Our postulation, which goes in the direction that stigmas and prejudices need to be the target of a process of deconstruction, so that citizens can have equal rights and possibilities of social inclusion and in the job market, is weakened when we realize that a science and profession such as Psychology, objectively Organizational and Work Psychology, has not made this phenomenon the object of its attention.

Liberating the Postpartum Body: The Effects of Movement on Body Image Amongst Postpartum Ultra-Orthodox Women in Israel.

Body image is a major postpartum problem negatively correlated with postpartum depression. The present study tests this correlation amongst ultra-Orthodox women in Israel and analyses whether movement classes are effective in improving postpartum body image. Utilising a mixed-methods approach, the study followed two groups of ultra-Orthodox postpartum women (n = 45): one group that participated in movement classes (n = 23) and a comparison group that did not (n = 22). Results of the study found a negative correlation between depression and body image amongst ultra-Orthodox women (r(53) = -0.342, p < .05) and a trend of movement classes positively affecting postpartum body image (t(43) = 1.388, p = .086). Furthermore, semi-structured interviews found three themes as to how movement 1. Regulates emotions, 2. Releases stress and 3. Places the mother at the centre. Discussion of the results highlights the importance of maintaining positive body image and emotional health in the postpartum period, and that, according to the perception of participants in this study, movement positively contributed to their sense of self and coping abilities. These connections are critical regarding ultra-Orthodox women, whose birth rate is significantly higher relative to broader society. The current study should serve as a basis for encouraging postpartum movement participation amongst ultra-Orthodox and other similar conservative religious sectors of society.

Motivating residents to volunteer for urban waterway restoration: A segmentation approach

AbstractUrban landscapes play a crucial role in the health of freshwater ecosystems. The task of protecting and restoring urban freshwater waterways requires concerted efforts from all sectors of society, including volunteers. The recruitment and retention of volunteers is often a challenge for community environmental organizations as urban residents are diverse and influenced by a blend of personal, societal, and environmental factors. We surveyed a representative sample of 1901 urban residents across Aotearoa New Zealand and used the Behaviour Change Wheel framework and audience segmentation to understand the underlying factors influencing volunteering for waterway restoration projects and to identify potential target audiences to recruit new volunteers. We identified four segments within the target audience (“Supportive,” “Receptive but unsure,” “Hesitant and lack opportunity,” and “Reluctant”) each with its own unique profile of capabilities, opportunities, and motivations for volunteering. Recommendations for appropriate intervention designs to increase levels of volunteering include providing tailored messaging and events for those who are “Receptive but unsure” or “Hesitant and lack opportunity” and information about volunteering opportunities to “Supportive” individuals. This knowledge lays the groundwork for future initiatives focused on increasing urbanites' volunteering with community freshwater restoration groups.

Addressing the Decline of Traditional Students

It is common knowledge that the population growth of many countries is nearing a stagnation point. For nations such as Japan and South Korea which have already passed this threshold there seems to be almost a non reversible decline in births. This does not bode well for many sectors of society, especially that of education. As the younger ages decline there is a continuing rise in those of advanced age. Some institutions of higher learning have discerned this and for many years have begun offering more community classes to retirees on a variety of subjects. Additionally, a few universities have begun actively recruiting seniors in hopes that their return to the university campus could spark an uptick in overall enrollment. Many senior citizens have expressed interest in becoming students once more; allowing retired individuals to pursue a delayed university degree or to add to their life experience by acquiring a new credential. It is not as simple as it sounds though with actually a minority of senior citizen students, or SCS, who are willing or interested in pursuing more education on a formal level such as university attendance. With the decline in the number of 18 year olds are there enough seniors willing to continue their education to supplement the short fall in undergraduates? Are universities able to develop a business strategy that finds the human resources necessary to include those individuals who are in their early 20’s along side of those who are in their 60’s, 70’s, or older? Globally, the overall trend with higher education institutions are in a continuing drop in traditionally aged (18-24) student enrollment. Those universities that wish to stay viable must develop a widening enrollment strategy that is welcoming to anyone of university age be they in their late teens or twilight years. This paper discusses the feasibility of seniors actively attending universities in significant numbers and what may be necessary to accomplish this.

Integration of indigenous knowledge systems (IKS) into climate change mitigation and adaptation endeavours: milestones and gaps in South Africa and Zimbabwe’s climate policy frameworks

AbstractThis article was poised to unravel the merits of integrating IKS and the demerits of its exclusion in climate change programmes and policies. The harrowing impacts of climate change in Sub-Saharan Africa make adaptation and mitigation unescapable discourses. As such, climate change policies demonstrate governments’ commitment to fostering adaptation and mitigating climate change impacts evident in every sector of society. The effectiveness of climate policies is measured by their responsiveness to the different needs, aspirations and circumstances of populations plagued by climate change. In the absence of technoscience-based adaptation and mitigation mechanisms, African communities still rely on the repository of indigenous knowledge systems as a source of information, decision-making, and prediction tools for predicting weather changes. For this reason, in formulating climate change mitigation and adaptation endeavours at policy level, it is critical to identify specific strategies where IKS has been used as a warrant towards its usage. This study was qualitative and operated within the traditional descriptive, analytical and interpretive approaches. It relied on a desktop review of journal articles on climate change and IKS, and climate change policies of South Africa and Zimbabwe. These were purposively sampled based on their relevance to the aim of the study. The Discourse Content Analysis was utilised to analyse data from which the findings were derived. The article established that despite the wide recognition of the role played by IKS in climate change adaptation, mitigation and disaster risk reduction, IKS has not featured predominantly South Africa’s climate change policies as compared to Zimbabwe’s climate policies. Notably, disregarding IKS in climate change policies makes them bereft of effectiveness in vulnerability reduction, fostering adaptation and resilience building for African communities that rely on IKS, among other capitals essential in fostering mitigation and adaptation in the face of climate change.

Clinical, epidemiological, and molecular characteristics ofSARS-CoV-2 Infections among healthcare workers at a research center in the amazon region of BRAZIL from 2020 to 2022.

The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected different sectors of society, and healthcare workers have been particularly impacted. This study aimed to describe the clinical, epidemiological, and molecular characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infections among healthcare workers in Evandro Chagas Institute, a research reference center in Brazil, from October 2020 to July 2022. 845 samples were collected from individuals who presented clinical symptoms of respiratory infection. Nasopharyngeal positive samples were submitted through genome sequencing. Clinical, epidemiological, and the SARS-CoV-2 lineages (or variants) were analyzed. SARS-CoV-2 positivity was detected in 31.8% (269/845) of samples with a higher prevalence of females (60.2%). The highest SARS-CoV-2 positivity rates were reported in March 2021 (39%), January 2022 (65%), and July 2022 (56%). On clinical symptoms, arthralgia, chills, and diarrhea were statistically significantly detected in 2020; fever, runny nose, and arthralgia in 2021; runny nose, and cough in 2022. On molecular analysis of SARS-CoV-2, 66 samples (25.3%, 66/269) were sequenced and the most prevalent lineage was the Omicron, representing 57.6%. Studies on the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of HCW are essential to propose control measures and work management since research centers play a major role in surveillance to identify and monitor infectious diseases.

How Effective Are Civil Society Promotion Laws? Mixed Patterns from 3 Mexican States

Abstract Policies constraining nonprofit and civil society activity have been documented in multiple countries. A less widespread phenomenon, but one that is also worth exploring, is the enactment of laws intended to promote civil society. What happens when laws are enacted to promote these organizations? How effective are these laws? Building on insights from the literature on nonprofit formation and organizational ecology, this paper adopts a quasi-experimental approach, to analyze the effect of passing a state-level law of Civil Society (CSO) sector promotion on the number of newly-constituted CSO organizations. Using data from Mexico, between 1990 and 2018, the paper uses the synthetic control method to examine this effect, separately, in 3 Mexican states, against a pool of 13 states which had not enacted a law of this kind during the period under study. The results show quite different effects across states, and point to the need of exploring in depth the policy process surrounding the passing of the law. These mixed patterns also call for further examination of the broader context where CSO laws take effect, and the incentives and disincentives local actors may perceive in the content of the laws.

Guiding Teenagers to Use Video Games Properly

With the increasing popularity of video games, some problems have arisen. For some people, video games can be said to be “destructive”, causing irreparable harm; For others, however, teenagers’ use of video games has produced some positive results. The purpose of this paper is to study the effects of video games on young people and how the community should guide young people to use video games to achieve positive effects and avoid negative effects. Through the analysis of literature and cases, this paper analyzes the positive and negative effects of electronic games on teenagers from the perspectives of society, psychology, and science, and studies the feasible ways for parents, schools, governments, and other groups to correctly guide teenagers to use electronic games. It is found that electronic games can have different effects on teenagers, both positive and negative, depending on the situation. Overall, the study reported more negative effects than positive ones. Among them, the negative aspects include addiction, affecting academic performance, causing psychological disorders, leading to suicide, affecting family relations, leading to social problems, leading to negative emotions, etc. The positive effects include cultivating prosocial behavior and satisfying psychological needs that are difficult to achieve in real life. To properly guide teenagers to use electronic games, all sectors of society, including parents, schools, and governments, can take some actions to achieve the goal.

The added value of including citizen perspectives in a transition management process towards climate neutrality. Insights from an experience in the Swiss Alps

When citizens do not feel included in transition processes, implementation can become very difficult. Hence, we used a survey to include the perspective of citizens in one such transition process towards climate neutrality in the Swiss Alps, and analysed how this enhanced its legitimacy.Initiatives that foster transformative change often adopt a transdisciplinary approach by involving stakeholders from various sectors of society. Although transdisciplinary projects often emphasize a representative selection, it does not change the fact that a few stakeholders might develop visions, strategies, and policies that could affect many. A legitimate and transparent process is vital to ensure public acceptance and a successful implementation. In this study, we explore how citizens can be involved in transition management initiatives, based on a transition process towards climate neutrality in the Swiss Alps. Here, local citizens evaluated the vision developed by selected stakeholders, as well as the legitimacy of the process. The results were incorporated into workshops with the stakeholders. Based on the survey and interviews with stakeholders, we evaluate whether and how citizens’ views informed the transition process. Overall, citizens supported the vision developed by the stakeholders. The latter, in turn, highly valued the citizens’ perspectives, but were unsure about how to best integrate them. We conclude that the inclusion of citizens at an early stage can increase the legitimacy and transparency of transition processes.

The Survival and Medical Dilemma of Rare Disease Patients in the Greater Bay Area

The population of rare disease patients in China faces many difficulties in disease diagnosis and treatment, medical security, economic burden, quality of life, social assistance, employment opportunities, mental health, and other aspects. It is of great significance to identify the common problems faced by this group and try to propose possible solutions, calling on all sectors of society to pay attention to the rare disease minority group, help them solve their survival and security difficulties, and enable more patients to return to society. This paper investigates and addresses the survival and security challenges faced by rare disease minority patients in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) of China. Through a survey of 223 rare disease patients in the Greater Bay Area, the study reveals that these patients face many challenges in diagnosis, treatment, drug access, and economic support. The conclusion emphasizes the necessity of improving diagnostic efficiency, accelerating drug development, and improving the medical insurance system. Thus, it further puts forward practical suggestions.

Traditional herders' perception of job satisfaction and integration into society: Another obstacle to the survival of pastoralism?

Pastoralism is gaining in recognition for its provision of a broad range of ecosystem services. However, in Western countries, especially in Europe, it has been in decline for decades and its future is uncertain. Professional satisfaction, social appreciation and community integration are key factors for the sustainability of any activity. Using information from 167 traditional Spanish herders, we assessed their perceived degree of satisfaction with their profession and the reasons behind their perceptions. Herders were extremely satisfied with their profession, but they perceived medium and low levels of appreciation by the rural and urban sectors of society, respectively. Herders had negative feelings about the sustainability of their profession, as they felt more appreciated by society in the past than they do today, half of them did not want their offspring to make a living as herders. Improving communication between herders and society could help to enhance herders' appreciation of their profession.

Experiences of weight discrimination were common in Finnish women with obesity

Abstract Background The consequences of obesity stigma, particularly weight discrimination, are widely felt in different sectors of society. Our aim was to examine the prevalence of experiences of weight discrimination in the Finnish adult population. Methods Data (n = 2,849) consisted of participants aged 20-64 years from the nationally representative Healthy Finland Survey in 2023, pregnant women and people with underweight excluded (body mass index, BMI, ≤18.5 kg/m2). The questionnaire inquired about the experiences of weight discrimination with a question “Have you experienced unfair treatment because of your weight during the last 12 months?”. Information on education (low, middle, high) was inquired too. Height and weight were measured during the health examination, and BMI was calculated (kg/m2). Obesity was defined as BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2. Weighted prevalence was analyzed using logistic regression, considering sampling design and non-response. Results Overall, 13% (95% confidence interval, CI, 11-15) of women and 7% (95% CI 5-8) of men had experienced weight discrimination during the last 12 months. The experiences of weight discrimination varied according to BMI, as the prevalence was 27% (95% CI 22-32) among women with obesity vs. 7% (95% CI 6-9) among women without obesity. The corresponding numbers for men were 16% (95% CI 12-20) vs. 4% (95% CI 2-5). The results were similar across all educational classes. Conclusions Individuals with obesity had experienced weight discrimination more often than those without obesity. The problem affects women (in particular), as almost one third of women with obesity had experienced weight discrimination. It is important to raise awareness and recognize this phenomenon across all sectors of society to enhance inclusion in a world struggling with overweight and obesity. Key messages • People with obesity experience weight discrimination. Experiences of weight discrimination appear to be more common in women than men. • More information and understanding of weight-related stigma through education, research and values work is needed in different sectors of society.

Environmental Education in the Business Context: Practices and Challenges in the Transportation Sector for the Formation of a Socio-Environmental Culture

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate Environmental Education in the business context, with a focus on the transport sector, in order to reflect on the teaching practices that are developed in all areas, with the aim of presenting environmental practices that can promote the formation of an individual committed to the socio-environmental reality and to life. Theoretical Framework: Environmental Education can be characterized as an educational process based on social values, knowledge, skills, attitudes and competencies aimed at conservation and care for the environment. This definition highlights the need for its operationalization at all levels and sectors of society in a cultural transformation project, which intends the necessary contribution of Formal Education. Based on the proposal, the study supports the need for the rapid implementation of environmental education within urban transport companies, so that in the medium to long term it is possible to observe a strengthened sustainable dynamic in environmental education for this sector. Method: The methodology adopted for this research involves dividing the study into two parts, where the first was based on a systematic review of the scientific literature and the second part, due to the scarcity of significant data on the subject identified in the initial phase, was configured as a professional proposal for implementing environmental education within the urban public transport sector. Results and Discussion: The results obtained revealed important implications for the promotion of sustainability in the transportation sector through Environmental Education by proposing a practical approach that combines educational and operational strategies, highlighting the need for companies to integrate socio-environmental responsibility actions into their daily practices, increasing environmental awareness among employees, but also fostering cultural transformation in organizations, generating a broader impact. In addition, the research can serve as a model for other industrial sectors, offering a replicable framework for implementing sustainability programs in a systematic way and adapted to the needs of each organizational context. By combining a rigorous analysis of the scientific literature with the proposal of a practical product for the implementation of Environmental Education in transportation companies, focusing on the specific needs of the transportation sector, it is possible to bring solutions that are applicable and adaptable to the reality of organizations, which increases its relevance both in the academic field and in the market. The study not only fills gaps identified in the literature, but also contributes with an action model that can be directly implemented, bringing benefits to companies, employees and society in general. Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how the results can be applied or influence practices in the urban transport field. These implications may include the promotion of sustainability in the transport sector through Environmental Education by proposing a practical approach that combines educational and operational strategies, highlighting the need for companies to integrate socio-environmental responsibility actions into their daily practices, increasing environmental awareness among employees, but also fostering cultural transformation in organizations, generating a broader impact. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by also serving as a model for other industrial sectors, offering a replicable framework for implementing sustainability programs in a systematic manner and adapted to the needs of each organizational context. In this context, the work emphasizes the relevance of intersectoral partnerships, which can drive public policies and collaborative actions between the private and public sectors to promote a more sustainable transition.

The effects of toe grip training on fall prevention and cognitive function in the elderly

Given the connection between the feet and the brain via sensory receptors, it is believed that improving the sensitivity of the toes and the soles of the feet could help prevent injuries and improve performance in athletes and prevent falls and improve cognitive function in the elderly. Associate Professor Ryota Tsuyuguchi was a coach of the Osaka Sangyo University Athletic Association Men’s Basketball Team, which enabled him to observe, first-hand, the importance of feet to performance. This prompted him to consider the wider implications of improving sensation in toes and feet. At the Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences at Osaka Sangyo University in Japan, Tsuyuguchi and the team are conducting research to expand on the belief that training related to toe grip could enhance the benefits of exercise. Indeed, training interventions related to conscious toe grip might affect brain metabolism and brain nerve activity, helping to improve cognitive function. The researchers have studied most age sectors of society and found that the output of the motor association cortex in the frontal lobe was strengthened and the function of the A10 nerve nucleus was improved, which suggests that the prefrontal cortex was also affected. The researchers believe that the activation of mechanoreceptors on the soles of the feet will improve toe grip function to ensure support and safety. They also believe that moving the centre of gravity forward through training of toe grip will encourage autonomic posture adjustment through the spinal reflexes, which may also be an effective approach in the prevention of falls.

The Impact of Occupational Pressure on Integrated Education among Kindergarten Teachers

Due to the complexity and specificity of the physical and mental development of special needs children, there are significant individual differences that require special school teachers to put in more effort in their work. However, due to the imbalance between the actual teaching effectiveness of teachers and their efforts, they are prone to negative psychological states such as occupational burnout and self-doubt. With the increasing professional pressure of kindergarten teachers, it affects the implementation of integrated education. Integrated education aims to promote mutual understanding and respect among children with different abilities and backgrounds. However, in reality, current preschool teachers are facing issues such as diverse needs of young children, insufficient teaching resources, and career development pressures, which affect teaching effectiveness and learning outcomes for young children. Therefore, it is necessary for the education department and all sectors of society to pay attention, solve problems, achieve the goal of integrated education, and enable children to grow up in a good environment.