Institutions Of Secondary Vocational Education Research Articles

Human resources in the sphere of tourism

The article discusses the importance of human resources in the field of tourism. In the Republic of Kazakhstan, the tourism sector is characterized by a shortage of highly qualified specialists. In tourism enterprises, mainly in the field of tourism and hospitality, there is a low level of specialists with the appropriate education and the necessary level of professionalism. These conditions consequently lead to poor quality of service. An important aspect is the availability of practical skills and theoretical base in this area. The article reflects the place of Kazakhstan in the Global Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index of the World Economic Forum, identifies a list of factors that increase and decrease the rating of Kazakhstan in the field of tourism. On the basis of statistical indicators, the dynamics of changes in employment indicators and nominal wages of workers in the tourism industry, namely, travel companies, hotel enterprises and health resort organizations, for the period from 2016 to 2020 are considered and analyzed. In addition, the article focuses on the activities of domestic higher and secondary vocational educational institutions that train specialists for the tourism sector. Foreign experience is considered and directions are given that should be priority in training personnel for the tourism industry.

Жизненные перспективы, ценности и цели молодежи Сибири (по данным исследования в Сибирском федеральном округе)

The article presents the results of a sociological study of the problems of professional and life self-determination of young people in the context of digitalization, one of the goals of which was to identify the ideas of modern youth about life prospects, goals and values. In the course of the study, a survey of young people aged 14–35 years was conducted in ten subjects of the Siberian Federal District. The survey was conducted in October-November 2021.The sample totaled 5,092 males and females representing various social groups: schoolchildren, students of primary vocational education institutions, secondary vocational education institutions, higher educational institutions and working youth. The article provides a comparative analysis of the views of various groups of young people regarding future prospects, goals and values. In the course of studying the issue of future planning horizons, the authors came to the conclusion that modern youth, regardless of which group they belong to, for the most part plan their future from several days to 5 years away. As a result of the study, it was found that the achievement of material well-being and the creation of a family are the most important life goals of students and working youth, while schoolchildren chose education and future professional success as priority goals. Respondents of almost all groups of young people named a high level of intelligence and moral support of relatives as the main factors contributing to the achievement of their goals. The availability of start-up capital is noted as an important success factor by representatives of working youth. The results of the study allow us to conclude that for different social groups of young people, meaningful life values are formed on the basis of different semantic structures, which are based on different combinations of patriotism, nepotism, economic well-being and creative, spiritual realization. The article analyzes the degree of satisfaction with various aspects of the life of modern youth. A high degree of dissatisfaction with certain aspects of life among the category of working youth was noted. A positive trend marked the growing importance of patriotic values and a growing understanding of the importance of developing intellectual abilities, education, and continuous self-development. The study of life prospects in the context of values, goals and meanings is important, as it allows one to assess the direction, motivation and trends of the choices of modern youth.

Participatory Management in Secondary Vocational Education and Training Institutions

Participatory Management in Secondary Vocational Education and Training Institutions

Детерминанты развития среднего профессионального образования в Республике Крым

The purpose of the study is to determine the state of the main determinants that contribute to the development of secondary vocational education in the Republic of Crimea. The article describes the conditions for the functioning of institutions of secondary vocational education in the context of key components that ensure its development; considered the personnel crisis experienced by secondary vocational education, the main reason for which was the low level of wages, and as a result, the decrease in the level of prestige of work in institutions of secondary vocational education. As a result of a retrospective analysis of the state of the main determinants of the development of secondary vocational education, proposals were formulated for the development of secondary vocational education, recommended (1) the use of an effective system of motivation and incentives for personnel for quantitative and qualitative staffing of educational activities, (2) updating the material and technical base corresponding to that, which is used at enterprises, (3) the implementation of state support in matters of interaction between vocational schools and real sectors of the economy, (4) constant monitoring of the state of secondary vocational education according to the determinants indicated in the article.

Prerequisites for the formation of the readiness of future teachers to work in an inclusive educational environment

The article examines the prerequisites for the formation of the readiness of future teachers to work in an inclusive educational environment. The research is based on the hypothesis that future teachers express their attitude to inclusive education through the prism of their existing socio-pedagogical experience. The purpose of the article is to identify the prerequisites for the formation of the readiness of future teachers to work in an inclusive educational environment based on existing socio-pedagogical experience. Methodology and methods of research. The article presents the results of two studies conducted in the spring of 2018 and in the spring of 2022 in order to identify the attitude of future and current teachers to inclusive learning. The study was conducted by the method of questioning randomly selected groups of future teachers, teachers of secondary schools, teachers of institutions of secondary vocational education and university teachers and allowed to identify the attitude of respondents to inclusive education. The conclusion concludes that it is necessary to purposefully systematically train teachers to work with children with special educational needs and opportunities. Such training can be carried out as part of the study of specialized academic disciplines, involvement in social design, which contributes to the development of future teachers to develop the competencies necessary for successful professional activity.

Интеграция среднего и высшего профессионального образования в системе подготовки студентов (на примере Пензенского государственного технологического университета)

Secondary vocational education is now an important level of training for qualified professionals. It is designed to meet the needs of the individual, society and the state for an education that provides an opportunity to enter the labour market in a fairly short period. Graduates of secondary vocational education institutions often continue their studies at universities, which is due to some reasons. Our article is to determine how secondary vocational education has become an important part of the multilevel structure in training future specialists, what is the integration of secondary and higher vocational education in the system of their training, what is the reason for students to choose the training programs of secondary vocational education level, whether they work by the specialty obtained in college or not, and what is the reason for them to continue their education in higher educational institutions after completing their studies in secondary vocational institutions. In order to investigate the questions posed, a survey was conducted among students who have secondary vocational education and are currently enrolled in higher vocational education programs on a part-time basis. 253 students of Penza State Technological University studied in the following fields of study (44.03.04 “Professional Training (within a particular field)”, 09.03.03 “Applied Informatics”, 12.03.04 “Biotechnical Systems and Technologies”, 15.03.05 “Design and Technological Support of Mechanical Engineering Production”, 09.03.02 “Information Systems and Technologies”|, 27.03.02 “Quality Control”, 19.03.01 “Biotechnology”) participated in the survey. This university has been a multilevel educational complex for about 20 years, training students in different fields of training at all existing levels of professional education. The conducted survey allowed evaluating the current state and prospects of development of the phenomenon under study. The application of a set of complementary theoretical methods will contribute to the solution of the set tasks: analysis, synthesis, generalization, induction, deduction, questionnaire survey, description, the statistical method of processing the materials under study. All these methods will make it possible to analyze already existing scientific knowledge on the issue, as well as to supplement it with new conclusions and findings.

Конкурентоспособность будущих специалистов среднего звена на примере специальности 40.02.01 «Право и организация социального обеспечения»

The aim of the study is to characterize the level of competitiveness of graduates from institutions of secondary vocational education in the labour market based on an assessment of their professional competence. The article studies the actual problems of training specialists in the system of secondary vocational education and ascertains the factors that hinder the increase in graduates’ competitiveness by the example of the specialty “Law and Organization of Social Security”. The results of an empirical study are presented; they reveal the factors that hinder the successful employment of graduates by the example of the specialty “Law and Organization of Social Security”. It is proposed to improve the methodological approaches to the training of future lawyers through their participation in professional skills championships. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time the influence of future mid-level specialists’ participation in professional skills championships on their competitiveness was ascertained. As a result, it has been proved that the process of training competitive specialists in the system of secondary vocational education requires the improvement of methodological approaches that meet the current requirements of the labour market, and needs legal regulation by the state.

Influence of motivational sphere on professional self-determination of medical college students

The aim of the study is to study the influence of the motivational sphere on the professional self-determination of medical college students. Results. A theoretical analysis of scientific psychological literature was carried out, the concepts of «professional self-determination», «professional self-determination of students», «motivation of professional self-determination» were defined; the features of professional self-determination of students of secondary professional institutions were revealed; the influence of the motivational sphere of students on their professional self-determination was studied; a set of diagnostic methods was selected in order to identify the influence of the motivational sphere of students on their professional self-determination; a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the results of the empirical study was carried out. Conclusion. The study of the problem of the influence of the motivational sphere on the professional self-determination of students of secondary vocational educational institutions is an urgent problem at the present stage of development of psychological science. The educational and professional activity of students becomes successful if they have a high level of motivation for this type of activity.

Модель методики организации проектного обучения биологии в непрофильных учреждениях среднего профессионального образования

Biological knowledge is one of the fundamental components of a common human culture, because without knowledge of biology it is unthinkable to develop an ecological way of thinking, to ensure the perception of the scientific principles of interaction of the Man-Nature system. The formation of a healthy lifestyle, the preservation of ecosystems, and the development of mankind are based on knowledge of biology. The purpose of the article is to develop and use a model of a methodology for organizing project-based education in biology in non-core institutions of secondary vocational education. The interrelation of theoretical knowledge and practical skills is a prerequisite for increasing the level of training of future specialists in any industry. In connection with the introduction of new FSES SPE into the work of educational institutions, secondary schools are required to improve the organization of the educational process and teaching materials. The involvement of students in the implementation of various projects leads to the development and development of project competence, and its level is determined by the number and quality of developed projects. The author concludes that the formation of competencies among students at secondary schools through project activities takes place.

ОПЫТ ВНЕДРЕНИЯ СИСТЕМЫ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ТЕСТИРОВАНИЯ СТУДЕНТОВ КОЛЛЕДЖА

The article presents the results of approbation of one of the solutions for digitalization of educational service activities in organizations of secondary vocational education using new evaluation tools of socio-psychological diagnosis. The article describes a potential tool for the effective formation of preventive and corrective measures in determining the main directions of educational work with students and for the promotion of students' adaptation to the conditions of education in the secondary vocational education institutions. The tool for creating a digital trace of the socio-psychological state of students in secondary vocational education institutions is proposed.

Проблема систематизации предикторов академической успешности в современных отечественных психолого-педагогических исследованиях

In the Russian educational system under modern conditions the search of ways to upgrade and intensify educational process is being performed. These ways are aimed at using personal potential of students while building on their essential competencies. A crucial role in this process is played by an opportunity to foresee the successful results of students in completing educational programmes that in its term, serves as the basis of their further studies in high schools and institutions of secondary vocational education. The group of prognostic predictors is formed by predictors of academic achievements including psychological, social, economic factors that influence the academic success of students. The research purpose is to analyze and group predictors of academic achievements in Russian psychological and pedagogical studies. Methods of theoretical analysis of psychological and pedagogical studies, devoted to the issue of revealing the importance of cognitive, personal, social and economic predictors of academic achievements of students have been used: comparison, generalization, systematization and concretization. Predictors of academic achievements have been classified according to the analysis of prioritizing directions of academic achievements’ factors. It has been concluded that attention focus of modern Russian scholars has been shifted from cognitive and motivational predictors to personal, social and psychological as well as economic predictors as being equally important in the process of creating models that enable to successfully foresee the degree of academic achievements of students. The cognitive (intelligence level, operating memory, creativity, etc.) and personal predictors (motivation, self-regulation, self-control, persistence) are as important as such predictors as relationship in the paradigm “teacher–teacher”, “teacher–student”, social and psychological class climate, social and economic school arrangement.

К ВОПРОСУ О СИНХРОНИЗАЦИИ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ СОВРЕМЕННОГО КОЛЛЕДЖА С ЗАПРОСАМИ БИЗНЕСА

The article describes a technology of studying the requirements of companies and employers expeditiously in order to synchronize educational activities with the requirements, expectations and opportunities for the effective personnel training in the regions. The article presents the original method of involving students of 1–2 courses in research and project work related to the specialization of professional education as effective organizers of business networking and career interaction with potential employers. A model for setting up effective cooperation between institutions of secondary vocational education and a large number of specialized companies and employers is presented and defined by the author as personnel partnership based on updated business requests for the training of young professionals.

ВЗАИМОСВЯЗЬ МОТИВАЦИЙ ЛИЧНОСТИ И СКЛОННОСТИ К ДЕВИАНТНОМУ ПОВЕДЕНИЮ У ПОДРОСТКОВ, ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ В УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ СРЕДНЕГО ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

The article reflects the connection of motivation with deviant behavior as one of the significant aspects of the study of the problem of adolescents’ deviation. The theoretical approaches presented in the article show that the violation of the motivational sphere of adolescents increases the risk of deviant behavior. The types of such motives are listed in the work. The author pays attention to the study of the relationship between personal motivation and the tendency to deviant behavior of adolescent students of secondary vocational educational institutions with the norm of behavior. On the one hand the adolescence is shown to be a sensitive period of development of the motivational sphere; on the other hand, admission to secondary vocational education organizations acts as a new social situation for a teenager. The ratio of these facts can increase the negative manifestations of deviant behavior. The aim of the study is to establish the relationship between the propensity for deviant behavior and the motives of students’ personality at educational institutions of secondary vocational education. The author describes the methods and results of the study, the purpose of which is to establish the relationship between motivation and the tendency to deviant behavior in adolescent students of vocational educational institutions. The diagnostic methods were the method of J. Nuttin (motivational sphere) and the questionnaire “DAP-P” (tendency to deviant behavior). The sample of subjects consisted of 44 first-year students studying at secondary educational institutions, whose average age is 15.8. Results of the method of J. Nuttin showed the severity of the motive of achievement, cognition, influence, dominance and focus on material values. According to the results of the questionnaire “DAP-P” students have an average level of tendency to deviant behavior. The r-Spearman correlation method has found correlations between the tendency to delinquent behavior as a form of deviant behavior and such motives as aggressiveness, focus on material values, power, dominating. This fact confirms our hypothesis. The analysis of the correspondence of the results obtained by the author with similar scientific research is carried out. Conclusions are drawn about the theoretical and practical significance of the work.

Подход к моделированию инклюзивной среды образовательной организации

The article focuses on the problem of modeling inclusive educational environment as a complex system object in which the system-forming relation is the connection between support and active participation of all participants of the educational environment, taking into account the diversity of educational needs. The empirical research data presented in the article illustrate the theoretical provisions that special educational conditions as support measures for students with disabilities can become the basis for their active participation in the educational process, provided that a subjective request for support is formed based on the reflection of the students’ own interests and difficulties. The sample included 8 institutions of secondary vocational education (N=1811 students, 17,3% of them with a status of disability or SEN). Throughout the sample, forms of work organized in a vocational educational organization (VEO) and support options were significantly less demanded by students (p<0.05) as compared to the opportunities provided. The level of difficulties recognition in the students varied between “never”/”rarely” and “rarely”/”sometimes”. The found paradoxical statistically significant (p<0.01) positive relationship (from weak to moderate) between the experienced level of support and the student’s desire to leave VEO is discussed. Strategies for modeling the inclusive educational environment are considered, and prospects for studying its technological support are outlined.

ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЕ УСЛОВИЯ МОДЕРНИЗАЦИИ ПРАКТИЧЕСКОЙ ПОДГОТОВКИ СТУДЕНТОВ ПОЛИТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО КОЛЛЕДЖА

The article considers the features of the implementation of a practice-oriented approach in organizing the training of secondary vocational education (college) students. The modern economy puts forward requirements for improving the quality of training of college graduates, and therefore it is necessary to modernize professional education, including the introduction of adaptive, practice-oriented, and flexible training programs. The use of a practice-oriented approach requires a change in the content and methodological aspects of education, which will entail a reorientation of the training process from transferring mainly knowledge and ideas to students to developing their skills to carry out practical actions, acquire and accumulate skills and experience of practical work in their chosen field of activity. For this purpose, first of all, it is necessary to develop cooperation between educational institutions of secondary vocational education and employers, i.e. establish a system of dual education, which can be considered as the leading pedagogical condition for the modernization of practical training. Along with this, important conditions also include: improving the material and technical equipment of the educational process to synchronize it with the demands of manufacturing enterprises; advanced training of teachers who implement practical training of students and diagnosing the development of their professional competences; organization of students’ participation in competitions of professional skills and olympiads; improving the content and methodology of production practices as the top line in practical training; promoting the employment of college graduates. The features of the implementation of these pedagogical conditions are exemplified by the experience of Polytechnic College No.8 named after twice Hero of the Soviet Union I.F. Pavlov (Moscow).

Increasing the staff use efficiency in consumer cooperatives: current trends in conditions of digitization of agriculture

The purpose of the study is to identify current trends in increasing the efficiency of using the personnel of consumer cooperation organizations. This, along with other sectors of the economy, performs the functions of the third stage of the economic reproduction process (exchange), and the third sphere of the agro-industrial complex sectors that complete the production process in the sphere of commodity circulation. The personnel of economic entities carry out procurement, transportation, processing, storage and marketing of products to end consumers. In the context of existing demographic problems, the decline of the rural population, the challenge is to increase the efficiency of using the part of the economically active population employed in the diversified activities of consumer cooperation. A long-term study of the functioning of cooperatives made it possible to accomplish the purpose of this study. This concerns the development of ways to increase the efficiency of using the personnel of cooperative organizations – preliminary measures. Such measures include training and retraining of specialists, advanced training of workers in cooperative higher and secondary vocational educational institutions, and subsequent ones as a result of the creation of integrated complexes, using modern equipment, new technologies and digitalization advances, providing for the efficient use of personnel. As a new trend, the training of specialists who work with cooperative members is proposed. The economic participation of members will have a positive impact on the performance of their cooperative and increase the efficiency of the use of personnel of consumer cooperation organizations.

САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА СТУДЕНТОВ ПРИ ОСВОЕНИИ ИНОСТРАННОГО ЯЗЫКА В УСЛОВИЯХ ДИСТАНЦИОННОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ

The article substantiates the importance of independent work of students in secondary vocational educational institutions in the conditions of distance learning. The article presents the online course “Car Device” developed on the On-LineTestPad plat- form for senior students of the specialization “Maintenance and Repair of Motor Trans- port”. The results of approbation of the online course, confirming its effectiveness, are presented.

Socio-economic imbalance: the need for specialists in economic sectors

This article is devoted to the needs of specialists in the sectoral areas of the country's economy. The relevance of the study is dictated by the shortage of specialists and personnel hunger at the enterprises of the agro-industrial complex and the social sphere. In the course of the study, the works of domestic and foreign authors on this topic were studied, an analysis of the labor market, the loading of jobs in economic sectors was carried out, the results of theoretical research were summarized. The problem of the study is the disproportion of the graduation of specialists from higher and secondary vocational educational institutions, the evidence base of which is their uneven distribution across enterprises. As part of the working hypothesis for solving this problem, recommendations are proposed to increase the prestige of secondary vocational educational institutions to ensure an equilibrium balance of the loading of industrial sectors by specialists of different professions. The article provides conclusions on the conducted research.

ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ ПОДДЕРЖКИ ИНОСТРАННЫХ СТУДЕНТОВ УНИВЕРСИТЕТА

The intensive development of the vector of teaching foreign students at domestic universities indicates the need for a theoretical and scientific-methodological justification for its successful implementation in pedagogical practice. As a leading methodological basis for improving educational activities with students, I considered design. My theoretical study of the experience of domestic universities in the field of international educational cooperation in the field of higher education. The focus on developing academic mobility and increasing the export potential of the Russian education system contributes to the successful achievement of a number of significant goals. Among them: the formation of the competitiveness of Russian universities, increasing the attractiveness of Russian education in the world market, increasing the total income from the payment of foreign citizens studying in the Russian Federation, providing the Russian economy with qualified foreign specialists, strengthening the “soft power” of our country by participating in the formation of elites of foreign states. To implement these key areas, more efficient use of social and educational support resources is required, including relevant, relevant to the modern social period, scientifically based approaches and technologies. The experience of the teaching staff of the Orenburg State University with foreign students at the Faculty of Training of Foreign Citizens showed that design is a basic condition for the success of their social and educational support. Targeted interaction with students in educational, social, communicative, leisure project activities contributed to the orientation towards the personalization of relations, considering their individual characteristics of development, level of upbringing and training. Thus, a set of design possibilities, using technologies and models for the implementation of targeted assistance in the adaptation, personal and professional socialization of foreign students arriving at the university, will be useful in the pedagogical practice of teachers, lecturers, curators from institutions of higher and secondary vocational education.

Опыт Федерации психологов образования России по формированию и развитию готовности к волонтерской деятельности студентов и специалистов системы образования

The article presents the experience of the All-Russian public organization “Federation of Psychologists of Education of Russia” (hereinafter referred to as the FPER) on the formation and development of the readiness of students of educational organizations of higher and secondary vocational education and specialists of the education system to participate in volunteer activities in the FPER. In 2021, volunteers of the FPE of Russia developed and tested the program of the School of Volunteers, labor intensity — 32 hours, implementation period — 3 months. Participants of the program are volunteers / candidates for volunteers of the FPER (students of educational institutions of higher and secondary vocational education, specialists of the education system). The objectives of the program are to form and develop ideas about the legal and ethical foundations of volunteering in the Russian Federation; development of practical skills in the field of organizing and implementing volunteer events and projects; development of personal competencies of participants in volunteer activities; acquaintance with examples of successful psychological and pedagogical practice in the field of development of the psychological culture of the population. The program is implemented in full-time form, including using remote educational technologies.