Secondary Sources Research Articles

The strategic significance of Ethiopia's hydroelectric energy exports on Horn of Africa regional integration

ABSTRACT This article seeks to explore the compelling strategic impact of Ethiopia's hydroelectric energy exports on the regional integration of the Horn of Africa. The study employed a qualitative research approach that impeccably integrated primary and secondary data sources. The study shades light on the extensive implications of Ethiopia’s energy exports on socio-economic, political, and security dimensions. Economically, these exports foster a sense of mutual reliance among neighboring states, pooling resources for collective development, expanding regional markets, and driving industrialization. Socially, the initiative cultivates invaluable people-to-people relationships among communities with interconnected fates and destinies. From a security standpoint, it actively engages in diplomatic strategies to avert water-related tensions and emphasizes cooperative approaches. Politically, the exportation of hydroelectric energy is poised to significantly redefine the existing power dynamics in the Horn of Africa, sparking transformative collaboration and integration at a regional level. Furthermore, Ethiopia's hydroelectric energy will decisively reshape the competitive landscape related to shared water resources in the Nile River basin. However, the realization of these initiatives hinges on effective reservoir management and responsible hydroelectric energy exports.

KEPASTIAN HUKUM AKTA PERJANJIAN KERJASAMA ANTARA PEMERITAH DKI JAKARTA DENGAN PIHAK PENGEMBANG TERKAIT PEMENUHAN KEWAJIBAN FASILITAS SOSIAL DAN FASILITAS UMUM YANG TELAH DISETUJUI DALAM SURAT IZIN PENUNJUKAN PENGGUNAAN TANAH (SIPPT).


 
 
 
 Legal certainty regarding the Deed of Cooperation Agreement between the Regional Government of DKI Jakarta and the Developer regarding providing social and public health obligations in the Land Use Designation Letter (SIPPT), has been regulated in the Civil Code and DKI Jakarta Regional Regulation Number 7 of 2002 concerning Public Infrastructure, Facilities and Utilities, but it has been implemented what happens is not fulfilling its obligations. The formulation of the problem in this research is how the authority of the Regional Government of DKI Jakarta is related to the non-fulfillment of social and social infrastructure obligations in the SIPPT by the floating party, and how is the legal certainty of the deed of cooperation agreement between the Regional Government of DKI Jakarta and the relevant Floating Party containing the social and public welfare obligations in the SIPPT. Legal theories used in this research: Authority Theory according to Bagir Manan and Legal Certainty Theory according to Gustav Radbruch. The method used in this research is a type of normative juridical research, namely legal library research or secondary data with primary, secondary and tertiary sources of legal materials. The research approaches used are the Legislative, Conceptual, Case and Analytical Approaches and techniques for collecting legal materials are carried out by identifying and inventorying positive legal rules, literature books, journals and other sources of legal materials. The analysis technique for legal materials is carried out using Grammatical Interpretation and Systematic Interpretation. The results of this research indicate that the DKI Jakarta Government has the authority to collect, supervise, prohibit, complete maintenance, provide administrative sanctions and criminal sanctions for providing social and public health obligations to developers in accordance with DKI Jakarta Regional Regulation Number 7 of 2002 concerning Public Infrastructure, Facilities and Utilities. The commitment and professionalism of DKI Jakarta Regional Government officials to carry out their authority by providing strict sanctions to developers who do not carry out their obligations. Legal certainty regarding the deed of cooperation agreement between the DKI Jakarta Government and the Developer regarding social and public facilities obligations in accordance with the Land Use Designation Permit (SIPPT), has legal certainty in accordance with the Pacta Sunt Servanda Principle where the agreement is valid as law for the party making it. Changes to the agreement are possible as long as both parties agree to it in the form of an addendum to the agreement, however non-implementation of the agreement is a breach of contract which can be sued in court.
 
 
 

"Human Rights in Nigerian Correctional Institutions: The Place of Social Workers"

Issues on human rights especially in correctional institutions have become the focus of international programs, policy makers, the general populace, researchers and conferences aimed at ensuring effective monitoring of its abuses. Human rights protect the essential attributes of human beings: needs, capacities and interests that if guaranteed respect their dignity as persons and if violated results in lives of desperation and diminishment. This study examines human rights in Nigeria correctional institutions. It also identified the roles of social workers in challenging injustice and ensuring that the rights of offenders are upheld. Worried by the state of human rights in our correctional institutions, the paper attempts to investigate the inmates’ rights, human rights and correctional practices and seeks to proffer ways by which social workers can enhance human rights in correctional institutions. Secondary source of data collection was utilized in the study. Documents from international and national agencies as well as textbooks and journal articles were employed. Furthermore, the paper recommends creation of awareness on the services of social workers in enhancing human rights in correctional institutions.

Student’s Science Literacy in Science Learning at Elementary School

This study aims to describe literacy in science learning in elementary schools. This study uses a type of qualitative research. This research was conducted at SDN 1 Karangsari which is located in Karangsari Village, Kec. Rowosari, Kab. Kendal, Prov. Central Java with postal code 51354. This analysis makes use of both primary and secondary sources of information. Interviews, observations, and field notes are all tools used in data collection. Methods for gathering data, reducing it, presenting it, and drawing conclusions from it. Use data triangulation to verify the accuracy of your findings. The conclusion of this study is that scientific literacy in science learning at SDN 1 Karangsari has been instilled. With reference to indicators, identify and explain scientifically valid phenomena (about blood circulation), evaluate and design investigations (about the properties of light), interpret data and conclusions based on scientific evidence (about the occurrence of rainbows).

Integrasi Etnis Tionghoa dengan Penduduk Lokal di Wonosobo Tahun 1970 sampai 1998

Even though they are dominant in the economic sector, it does not always make it easy for Chinese citizens to survive among local ethnic groups and they must always adapt to various changes in power. This can be seen by the presence of racism entering the Soeharto regime and peaking during the reform period in 1998 which was marked by the amount of violence experienced by the Chinese people. This research is limited temporally, namely from 1970 when development was experiencing very rapid progress during the New Order era until 1998 with the peak event, namely riots and violence experienced by almost all Tonghoa people in Indonesia. Apart from that, the spatial boundary used is Wonosobo City because it is a place for the Chinese community. The aims of this research are (1) to reveal the forms of relations with local communities in the lives of the Chinese people in the 1970s (2) to find out the role played by ethnic Chinese in the development of Wonosobo City during the New Order era (3) to reveal the riots in May 1998 and the racism that occurred happened to Chinese residents in Wonosobo (4) knowing about the efforts made to stop racism that occurred in 1998. Historical research methods were used to obtain data from primary and secondary sources. Primary sources were obtained through archives, newspapers and interviews with related parties. Meanwhile, secondary sources are obtained through literature studies in books, journals, articles and others related to the research topic. Even though during the New Order era there was racism and restrictions on the rights of Chinese citizens. In Wonosobo itself, no significant incidents occurred, including when it peaked in 1998. This is due to the high level of tolerance among religious communities and Wonosobo residents.

Investment Decision and Market Value of Nigerian Listed Deposit Money Banks

This study considered the influence of investment decision on the market value of Nigerian listed deposit money banks (DMBs). Ex-post facto research design was employed. Secondary sources were used to gather information on market value and investment decisions. These sources included the annual reports of the banks that were sampled from 2010 to 2021. Out of the total population of 14 listed banks as of December 31, 2021, twelve (12) listed DMBs were chosen using the purposive sample technique. For data analysis, panel regression, correlation, and descriptive were tools employed. The outcome stated that return on capital employed recorded positive and significant influence on the Tobin Q and the market share price of listed Nigerian DMBs. The implication of the results is that banks that are able to generate better return on the capital employed in their operation have higher tendency to attract higher valuation in the market. It was concluded that investment decision served as determinant factors that influence the market valuation of Nigerian Deposit Money Banks. The study recommends that strategies to increase investment portfolio should be a priority; and also continue efforts should be made to improve return on capital employed that can enhance market valuation.

José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva and Alexandre Antonio Vandelli: icons in the History of Science and Education in Brazil

The works of Alexandre Antonio Vandelli and José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva contributed greatly to scientific development in Portugal and Brazil in the 19th century, especially with regard to Metallurgy. The objective of this work is to highlight relevant aspects of this work with regard to the History of Sciences and Education. Primary and secondary sources were consulted about these authors and their work. The theoretical perspective used was that of (so-called) Cultural History, which considers evidence present not only in official sources, but also in other memory/history supports. At the end of the work, we concluded that the extudied authors contributed not only to the development of Metallurgy, but also so that in Brazil and Portugal the History of Sciences and Education found ample support for their advancement in the 19th Century.

The transition from cranial surgery to neurosurgery in East London, 1760–1960

ABSTRACT The emergence of neurosurgery from the practice of cranial surgery between the eighteenth and the twentieth centuries in London, UK, is well documented, including the role of Sir Victor Horsley, the first neurosurgical appointee at the National Hospital Queen Square in 1886. The process of this transition elsewhere in London and the subsequent foundation of other neurosurgical units are less well described. In East London, the status of St. Bartholomew’s Hospital (Barts) as the oldest London hospital still active on its original site and its comprehensive archives allow an unusually long history of surgical practice in the specialty to be studied. Using these archives and other primary and secondary sources, this article describes the transition of cranial surgery in East London from the general surgeons, limited to the treatment of brain and skull injury, to the specialized discipline of neurosurgery. We discuss the culmination of this process in the foundation of three neurosurgical units at London Hospital, Whitechapel, by Sir Hugh B. Cairns from 1927; at Barts Hospital, Smithfield, by John E. A. O’Connell from 1937; and at Oldchurch Hospital, Romford, by Leslie C. Oliver from 1945. Two modern neurosurgical units, in Whitechapel and Romford, have taken forward the work begun by this group.

Evaluasi Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Pengadaan Obat-Obatan Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Pengendalian Internal

This research aims to evaluate the accounting information system for drug procurement as an effort to improve internal control at Bangil Hospital, Pasuruan Regency. This type of research is a case study. Data collection techniques through interviews, documentation and observation. Primary and secondary data sources. The problem faced is still the weak accounting information system for drug procurement at Bangil Hospital, Pasuruan Regency. This is proven by the absence of a copy of the Order Letter for the Goods Receiving Coordinator, the Contract Document which was prepared at the end, namely after the purchasing order was carried out. The cause of the problem is the lack of coordination between the Procurement Officer and the Goods Receiving Coordinator in the Warehouse Section, the need for medicines must be hastened (cito), so purchasing orders are carried out first. As a result of these problems, there is the potential for errors in receipt, fraud and failure to fulfill obligations by providers, thereby causing harm to the hospital. The results of the qualitative descriptive analysis by adding documents required for the procurement of medicines at Bangil Regional Hospital, Pasuruan Regency, improving the system and procedures for procurement of medicines at the Bangil Hospital, Pasuruan Regency, so that internal control over the procurement of medicines is increasingly optimal.

Hukum Musik dalam Islam: Analisis Penafsiran Quraish Shihab dalam Tafsir al-Misbah Al Misbah

Research on music law has become an exciting and in-depth research topic, where researchers try to understand views and approaches to music from various perspectives, both in terms of fiqh, Islamic Sufism, hadith, and the thoughts of Islamic figures. From the research that has been carried out previously, there has not been much research on music that examines the interpretation of al Misbah by Quraish Shihab. The methodology applied is a qualitative approach, which aims to understand and explain specific meanings, phenomena, or ideas, different from quantitative approaches, which focus on statistics. This research uses a type of research library research (library research) using library sources. This research is qualitative research that explains descriptively using two data sources, namely primary and secondary. The primary source in this research is Tafsir al-Misbah, written by Quraish Shihab. Secondary data sources in this research come from books and journals relevant to the research theme. The data that has been collected is then analyzed carefully using thematic interpretation theory. The main findings show that the analysis of the verses used as the evidence or basis for the prohibition of music in the interpretation of al Misbah can be concluded that no verses expressly prohibit music. Based on the explanation above, the words "lahw al-hadith" in Surah Luqman verse 6 are one of the bases for the ulama who prohibit singing. However, Quraish Shihab supports the view that singing, including music, is acceptable in Islam if its content does not conflict with religious teachings and if the music promotes goodness.

A Resource-Based View Assessment of Big Data Analysis and Its Impact on Strategic Human Resources Quality Management Systems

Big data analysis is a process to analyze all the structured and unstructured and semi structured data collected from different types of sources. Therefore, collecting proper data and information from different sources is very important for any business organization and analysis of those data is also important. Thus, collecting information from different sources helps to gain knowledge about the demands and needs of the customers and market. Whereas analyzing all the data helps to understand the market trends which are helpful to enhance business performance. Apart from that, human resource management is another important system of any business organization. Therefore, human resource management is a strategy process or system which helps to enhance the productivity of the business organizations. Along with that there is a big impact of big data analysis on the human resources management system and the impacts are analyzed in this particular research study. On the other hand, the purpose of this research study is to analyze the concept of resource based big data analysis. Apart from that, the impact of big data analysis on the strategic human resource management systems of the business organizations is another purpose of this particular research study. Thereafter the researcher has adopted several types of techniques and methods for collecting more information and analyzing all the data. Furthermore, research has used the secondary methods and the sources for collecting some accurate and genuine data about big data analysis and human resource management systems. Apart from that the research has used the qualitative techniques for analyzing all the collected data in a systematic review. Therefore, the uses of secondary sources help the researcher to gain knowledge about the process of big data analysis and the process of human resource management. Thus, impact of big data analysis on the human resource management system is analyzed in this particular research study.

Group Identity and Inter-Ethnic Relations in the Western Niger Delta of Nigeria

Abstract In this paper, the author paints the socio-political canvass that coloured the motif of colonial and post-colonial political arrangement that characterised the western Niger Delta of Nigeria. This paper underscores the Isoko minority group’s struggle for identity as a distinct ethnic group from their Urhobo neighbour in post-colonial times. It is the aim of this work to try to bring light on the history of minority group’s struggle for establishing their own identity and political domain within the framework of sub-nationalism in the Nigerian state using the appropriate theoretical frameworks. The study deployed the historical and analytical methods, with primary and secondary sources to achieve its aim. The paper shows that the identity of the Isoko Nationalism was not clearly established, until after 1963 and even as late as the period of the Nigerian Civil War, the separate identity of the Isoko ethnic group was not clearly established in some circles, until crude oil economy brought them to the limelight after the end of the Nigerian civil war. The author deposes that to appreciate ethnic relations across time and space in relation to contemporary political circumstances, from the perspective of both majority and minority status and in relation to different ethnic out-groups. Finally, the paper shows that understanding the patterns of intergroup relations as exemplified by the Isoko and their neighbours in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria is a necessary prelude to the appreciation of the phenomena in the trajectory of developments that had serious implications on the evolution and trend of the Isoko as an identifiable distinct ethnic group.

A behaviorista geográfia aktualitása, a kognitív térképezés változó fókuszai

This study aims to reveal the change in the research focus of studies related to cognitive mapping from the 1920s to the present day. Another objective of the study is to develop a theoretical framework related to cognitive spatial formation, which builds on secondary literature analysis and the focus areas of mental mapping. It does this in order to designate the structural framework of subsequent subject-specific, primarily EU-related cognitive spatial perception studies. The present investigation is based exclusively on secondary sources, the main aspect of which is the evaluation of behaviorist geography and the emergence of cognitive mapping in international and Hungarian research. In the selection of the literature, an important aspect was the exploration of the focus of research (conceptual and methodological issues) related to subjective spatial perception and its change over time. At the same time, it was important to investigate the role of cognitive mapping in social sciences, with a particular focus on social geography.

Hybrid fuel cell-supercapacitor system: modeling and energy management using Proteus

The increasing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) presents a promising solution for achieving sustainable transportation and reducing carbon emissions. To keep pace with technological advancements in the vehicular industry, this paper proposes the development of a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) and an energy management strategy (EMS) for EVs, implemented using Proteus Spice Ver 8. The HESS consists of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) as the primary source and a supercapacitor (SC) as the secondary source. The EMS, integrated into an electronic board based on the STM32, utilizes a low-pass filter algorithm to distribute energy between the sources. The accuracy of the proposed PEMFC and SC models is validated by comparing Proteus simulation results with experimental tests conducted on the Bahia didactic bench and Maxwell SC bench, respectively. To optimize energy efficiency, simulations of the HESS system involve adjusting the hybridization rate through changes in the cutoff frequency. The analysis compares the state-of-charge (SOC) of the SC and the voltage efficiency of the fuel cell (FC), across different frequencies to optimize overall system performance. The results highlight that the chosen strategy satisfies the energy demand while preserving the FC’s dynamic performance and optimizing its utilization to the maximum.

PAI Teachers' Efforts in Fostering Blink's Style of Dress in Indonesia

This study aims to analyze and find out the right efforts for PAI teachers in maintaining the dressing style of students, especially students who idolize the Black Pink band which is usually called Blink. This study used descriptive qualitative method. Using primary sources obtained from interviews with PAI teachers, school documents, and interviews with students who idolize Black Pink. In addition, researchers also get secondary sources that researchers get from the internet, books, and the latest journals. Based on the results of research that has been obtained, it shows that the right PAI teacher's efforts in maintaining Blink's dressing style at SMAN 06 Bekasi are to provide religious advice and advise students to be wise in using social media, provide examples to students, provide punishment if they violate with punishment that does not hurt, collaborate with the entire academic community, and parents. As well as creating a good environment for students, by introducing Islamic heroes and instilling moral values to students.

Modeling evaluation of the impact of residual source material on remedial time frame at a former uranium mill site

Groundwater contamination at legacy uranium processing sites is an ongoing global challenge. Plumes at many uranium-contaminated sites are more persistent than originally predicted by groundwater modeling. Previous investigations of uranium plume persistence identified residual and secondary sources that contribute to plume longevity, but there is a remaining need to revise forecasted cleanup times using information about these ongoing sources. The purpose of this study is to investigate the quantitative impact of residual vadose zone sources of uranium on groundwater remediation time frame. This objective was approached by applying numerical uranium transport simulations and uncertainty analysis to a former uranium mill site in the southwestern United States. Information from recent site investigations provided details about the distribution and release characteristics of uranium accumulations in the vadose zone. The residual uranium characteristics were incorporated as decaying source terms in the transport model. A stochastic approach using an iterative ensemble smoother was applied for history matching, and the transport model was used to assess the impact of multiple remedial alternatives on forecasted time frame. The forecasted time frame to achieve the groundwater remediation goal for uranium by monitored natural attenuation is on the order of thousands of years, and treatment of the dissolved plume does not reduce the projected time frame. The large proportion of residual uranium mass remaining in the vadose zone and the gradual leaching rate due to the site's semiarid climate create a long-lived source that can sustain a dissolved plume for thousands of years despite an estimated 99% mass removal achieved during mill tailings disposal. Residual uranium in vadose zone sediments beneath former tailings impoundments could present comparable uranium plume persistence and remediation challenges at other legacy uranium mill sites in semiarid climates. Other remaining uranium-impacted sites are similarly complex, and forecasted remedial time frames are needed to effectively achieve compliance, manage risk, assess the benefits of additional treatment, manage and project costs, and support beneficial site reuse.

Mestizo Urbanism: Enduring Racial Intersections in Latin American Cities

AbstractAcross Latin America, there continues to be strong resistance to the claim that racism plays a role in the production of urban space. Deemed antipatriotic, this issue remains widely unaddressed in urban planning and geography. Based on qualitative research in Bogotá and secondary literature on other Latin American cities, this article explores the afterlife of mestizaje (racial mixture) as a racial–colonial project from the viewpoint of its materialisation in the city and society–space relations. In particular, it illustrates how racism in the city is transfigured as ‘always something else’ (e.g., culture, class, regionalism, displacement) through a variety of normative, discursive and operational devices. Thus, the article confronts the need to divest from the racial hegemony of mestizaje in urban planning and geography, suggesting that it is hindering the path towards more equitable urban futures.

PERUBAHAN SERTIPIKAT HAK GUNA BANGUNAN MENJADI HAK MILIK ATAS TANAH

Abstract
 In Probolinggo Regency, there are many lands that were built to be residential houses, one of which is housing with the status of Building Use Rights (HGB). This research is to find out how the implementation of the change in Rights from Building Use Rights to Ownership Rights based on the Basic Agrarian Law (LoGA) Number 5 of 1960 This research uses the Juridical Empirical method. The sources used are Primary Data Sources which are data sources to obtain primary data by conducting field research by conducting interviews and direct consultations with related parties and secondary data sources in the form of writing obtained by conducting library research, whether in the form of books. general, as well as laws and regulations in order to obtain a theoretical basis. Based on the data analysis carried out, it was concluded that in the process of implementing the change of Building Use Rights into Ownership Rights by a legal entity / developer in registering the improvement process at the Probolinggo Regency Land Office requires 12 (twelve) stages within a period of 7 (seven) days based on Regulation of the Head of the National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2010 concerning Standards for Land Services and Regulations (SPOPP), so that the certificate changes to the status of Property Rights.
 Keywords: Changes, use rights, buildings, become property rights

Comparison of Restorative Justice Implementation in Indonesia, Usa, Germany, Poland and Switzerland

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to compare and contrast the utilization of penal mediation within the criminal justice system as an implementation of restorative justice. Theoretical framework: The perpetrator may be required to participate in a structured employment initiative to accumulate funds to fulfill their financial obligation towards restitution. Methods: The research methodology employs statutory-based normative legal research utilizing secondary data sources in the form of legal materials. Results and Conclusion: The findings indicated that penal mediation is implemented in Indonesia for trivial offenses, juveniles involved in legal proceedings, and first-time offenders. Furthermore, within the United States, penal mediation is implemented at the state level. This is achieved through various means such as community panels, restitution programs, victim awareness education, alternative school expulsion alternatives, diversion programs, and victim and offender mediation. Research implications: Furthermore, in Poland, penal mediation is implemented for offenses carrying a maximum sentence of five years in prison. Following the conclusion of the penal mediation process, both the agreement's outcomes are monitored, and a rationale for the dismissal of the prosecution is established. Originality/value: In contrast, Switzerland practices penal mediation due to the lack of empirical evidence supporting the efficacy of incarceration. The procedure of restorative justice is executed using a variety of implementation models.

Analysis of container loading-unloading performance at Teluk Lamong Terminal Surabaya

PT. Teluk Lamong Terminal (TTL) is a container terminal whose primary business is to serve the loading and unloading of containers. As a result, shipping by water is necessary and will become more so with each passing year. This was seen between 2017 and 2021, when the arrival of ships and the flow of containers at PT. Teluk Lamong Terminal increased. The goal of this study is to determine how strong the association between the factors investigated is the loading and unloading performance (container flow) at Teluk Tamong Terminal Port. This research employs both qualitative and quantitative approaches, as well as primary and secondary data sources. Using the regression technique, the container flow of Teluk Lamong Terminal in 2031 is 1,357,208 TEUs, with a growth rate of 4.49%, falling short of the UNCTAD criterion. The results revealed a substantial positive association between the variables Idle Time (X1), Not Operation Time (X2), ASC Utility (X3), and Container Flow (Y), with Fcount 276.730 > Ftable 19.2 and a significance of 0.044 0.05 accepting Ho and Ha. The Adjusted R Square score for the association between Idle Time (X1), Not Operation Time (X2), ASC Utility (X3), and Container Flow (Y) is 0.995, indicating a strong relationship.